CN105413468B - A kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN105413468B
CN105413468B CN201510781815.2A CN201510781815A CN105413468B CN 105413468 B CN105413468 B CN 105413468B CN 201510781815 A CN201510781815 A CN 201510781815A CN 105413468 B CN105413468 B CN 105413468B
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electrodialysis
exchange membrane
ion exchange
modified
modified ion
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CN105413468A (en
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肖东
殷进
陈宝生
金志娜
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Beijing Jingrun Environmental Protection Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Jingrun Environmental Protection Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D61/00Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/422Electrodialysis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/24Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/42Ion-exchange membranes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membranes and its preparation method and application, and the modified ion exchange membrane includes desalination face and modification area;The modification area is the region being modified with modifying agent, which is the region being in contact with the region other than grid on electrodialysis spacer.The present invention is by being added a kind of modifying agent in the sealing area other than the effective desalination face of amberplex, make the part film gelation, with the size changing rate for reaching insulation, reducing dry and wet film, improve film-strength, and strengthen the purpose of sealing effect, to guarantee the stable operation of electrodialysis plant, the especially separation in electrolyte solution of the mass concentration no more than 30% and concentration field.

Description

A kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrodialytic technique field, be related to a kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane and preparation method thereof and Purposes.
Background technique
Electrodialysis is as one of film desalting technology, because it has the technology for differing markedly from nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane special Point, such as water inlet index is relatively wide in range, operating pressure is low, easy to operate, low energy consumption and producing water ratio height, in brine waste depth It is used widely in the fields such as processing, brackish water desalination, the concentration of high strong brine depth and feed separation purification.
At the same time, with electrodialytic extensive use, electrodialysis plant also gradually exposes some problems, as equipment is leaked Phenomena such as film or partition and leakage conductance cause current efficiency reduction, is burnt in infiltration, film or partition deformation, electric leakage between water, film.
The concern of above-mentioned phenomenon or problem by many experts and scholar existing for electrodialysis, they do from different perspectives The improvement of many electric dialyzators, structure type, operation and maintenance mode, cleaning antipollution form or method including device Deng.Wherein, studying more is interior leakage or raising film and partition room are prevented from the structure type of electrodialysis spacer runner close Closing property etc..
CN2889468Y discloses a kind of electrical dialyzer splitter plate for preventing interior leakage, by reducing moisturizing runner quantity and close Degree, prevents amberplex and partition to be recessed when compressing membrane stack, water is caused to leak.
CN103816806A discloses a kind of electrodialysis spacer, which is divided into multistage for every cloth water flow passage, staggeredly sets It sets two sides, under identical quantity water distribution channel condition, increases the sealing performance between amberplex and partition.
It can clearly be analyzed from two electrodialysis spacer patents above, improving partition runner form can be in certain journey The phenomenon that seeps water between electrodialysis plant leak and film is reduced or prevented on degree.But this method cannot fundamentally solve film deformation, Phenomena such as film or partition, leakage conductance cause current efficiency reduction, is burnt in electric leakage, and these phenomenons are mostly because of electrodialysis ion exchange Film changes after deformation occurs caused with the airtightness of partition room.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention studies electrodialysis with amberplex, hands in ion A kind of modifying agent is added in the sealing area changed other than the effective desalination face of film, makes the part film gelation, to reach insulation, reduce The size changing rate of dry and wet film improves film-strength, and strengthens the purpose of sealing effect, to guarantee that stablizing for electrodialysis plant is transported Row.
To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane, the modified ion exchange membrane packet The desalination face of including and modification area;The modification area is the region being modified with modifying agent, which is and electrodialysis spacer The region that region other than upper grid is in contact.
Wherein, desalination face refers to that amberplex carries out the effective coverage of desalination.
Modifying agent makes the amberplex gelation of modification area, to reach insulation, the size for reducing dry and wet film becomes Rate improves film-strength, and strengthens the purpose of sealing effect.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the modified ion exchange membrane include modified anion exchange membrane and modified sun from Proton exchange.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the modification area connects with the regional seal other than grid on electrodialysis spacer Touching.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the modifying agent is Hydrogels substance and/or rubber-like material.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the modifying agent be natural polymer hydrogel, it is artificial synthesized hydrogel, inorganic Any one in class hydrogel, natural rubber cream or asynthetic rubber or at least two combination, combination typical case but non- Limitative examples have: the combination of natural polymer hydrogel and artificial synthesized hydrogel, artificial synthesized hydrogel and inorganic water The combination of gel, the combination of inorganic hydrogel and asynthetic rubber, the combination of natural rubber cream and asynthetic rubber, day The combination of right macromolecule hydrogel, artificial synthesized hydrogel and inorganic hydrogel, natural polymer hydrogel, artificial synthesized water Gel, inorganic hydrogel and combination of asynthetic rubber etc..
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the natural polymer hydrogel be chitosan, it is alginic acid, fibrin, bright Any one in glue, collagen, hyaluronic acid or glucan or at least two combination, the combination is typical but non-limiting example Have: the combination of the combination of chitosan and alginic acid, fibrin and gelatin, the combination of gelatin, collagen and hyaluronic acid, collagen, The combination of hyaluronic acid and glucan, the combination of chitosan, alginic acid, fibrin, gelatin and collagen, chitosan, alginic acid, Fibrin, gelatin, collagen, hyaluronic acid and combination of glucan etc..
Preferably, the artificial synthesized hydrogel is polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly- first Any one in the derivative of base hydroxy-ethyl acrylate or above-mentioned artificial synthesized hydrogel or at least two combination, the combination Typical but non-limiting example has: the combination of polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polymethyl The combination of sour hydroxyl ethyl ester, the combination of the derivative of the derivative and polyacrylic acid of polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone The combination of the derivative of derivative and poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone With the combination of poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate etc..
Preferably, the inorganic hydrogel is in silica, lithium diatomaceous earth, hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate or inorganic carbon Any one or at least two combination, the typical but non-limiting example of the combination has: the group of silica and lithium diatomaceous earth Close, the combination of lithium diatomaceous earth and hydroxyapatite, the combination of hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate and inorganic carbon, silica, lithium diatomaceous earth, The combination of hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate, the combination of silica, lithium diatomaceous earth, hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate and inorganic carbon.It is above-mentioned Inorganic hydrogel is inorganic nano material.
Preferably, the asynthetic rubber be butadiene rubber, neoprene or butadiene-styrene rubber in any one or at least Two kinds of combination, the combination is typical but non-limiting example has: the combination of butadiene rubber and neoprene, neoprene and fourth The combination of benzene rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene and combination of butadiene-styrene rubber etc..
Second aspect, the present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane, the methods are as follows: The region injection being in contact on amberplex with the region other than the grid of electrodialysis spacer or filling modifying agent, injection Or filling principle is as shown in Figure 2.
The third aspect, the present invention provides the purposes of above-mentioned electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane, are applied to electrolyte The separation of solution and concentration field.Its separation that can be applied to various electrolyte solutions and concentration, including but it is unlimited In salting liquid, acid, the separation of alkali and concentration field, which can be the electrolyte solution of any concentration, including Several hundred milligrams per liter to tens of thousands of milligrams per liter, its concentration is had no specifically limited.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the electrodialysis is not more than with modified ion exchange membrane applied to mass concentration The separation of 30% electrolyte solution and concentration field.
Fourth aspect, the present invention provides a kind of electrodialysis plants using above-mentioned electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The present invention is in contact to amberplex with the region other than grid on electrodialysis spacer by using modifying agent Region is modified, and makes portion's part film gelation, with the size changing rate for reaching insulation, reducing dry and wet film, improves film-strength, And strengthen the purpose of sealing effect.Electrodialysis plant using modified ion exchange membrane with do not use the electric osmose that exchanges of modified ion Analysis apparatus compares, and dry/wet film full-size change rate is reduced to 5.7% by 40%, and current efficiency improves 5~6%., for a long time Operation salt rejection rate and current efficiency difference become apparent from, and using modified ion exchange electrodialysis plant after end of run not It will appear phenomena such as film is burnt, current efficiency or salt rejection rate reduce.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is modified ion exchange membrane structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the microstructure schematic diagram of modified ion exchange membrane of the present invention;
Wherein, the desalination face 1-, 2- modification area, 3- electrodialysis spacer, 4- grid.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with several specific embodiments, exemplary illustration and help further understand the present invention, but embodiment has Body details does not represent whole technical solutions under present inventive concept merely to illustrate the present invention, therefore should not be construed as to this Total technical solution is invented to limit, it is some to be changed for the technician without departing from the unsubstantiality of inventive concept, such as to have There is the technical characteristic of same or similar technical effect simply to change or replace, the category scope of the present invention.
The structure of modified ion exchange membrane in following embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, its microstructure is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment carries out and the region other than grid 4 on electrodialysis spacer 3 amberplex using polyacrylamide The region being in contact is modified.
With the modified heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane 50 of 800mm × 400mm polyacrylamide to same size 100 open 0.9mmPP every Plate opens 0.9mmPP partition to same size 100 with the common heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane 50 of 800mm × 400mm, is assembled into phase respectively Same single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, pipe arrangement form are identical.
Test solution is tested using above-mentioned single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, which is aqueous sodium chloride Liquid, concentration 3000mg/L, deep or light water flow is 2.5m3/h.Under identical voltage, continuous operation for 24 hours, observes two covering devices Operating condition.
Test result, conventional ion have infiltration phenomenon between exchanging film device film, and equipment one way salt rejection rate is 20%;It is modified from For proton exchange equipment without infiltration or membrane stack drainage between film, equipment one way salt rejection rate is 23%.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment connect with the region other than grid 4 on electrodialysis spacer 3 to amberplex using chitosan The region of touching is modified.
0.9mmPP partition is opened to same size 100 with the chitin modified heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane 50 of 1600mm × 800mm, 0.9mmPP partition is opened to same size 100 with the common heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane 50 of 1600mm × 800mm, is assembled into respectively identical Single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, pipe arrangement form is identical.
Test solution is tested using above-mentioned single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, which is aqueous sodium chloride Liquid, concentration 3000mg/L, deep or light water flow is 2.5m3/h.Under identical voltage, continuous operation for 24 hours, observes two covering devices Operating condition.
Test result, conventional ion have infiltration phenomenon between exchanging film device film, and equipment one way salt rejection rate is 40%;It is modified from For proton exchange equipment without infiltration or membrane stack drainage between film, equipment one way salt rejection rate is 45%.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment carries out and the region phase other than grid 4 on electrodialysis spacer 3 amberplex using silica The region of contact is modified.
0.9mmPP partition is opened to same size 40 with the silica modified heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane 20 of 400mm × 200mm, 0.9mmPP partition is opened to same size 40 with the common heterogeneous ion-exchange membrane 20 of 400mm × 200mm, is assembled into respectively identical Single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, pipe arrangement form are identical.
Test solution is tested using above-mentioned single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, test solution is aqueous sodium chloride Liquid, concentration 3000mg/L, deep or light water flow is 2.5m3/h.Under identical voltage, continuous operation for 24 hours, observes two covering devices Operating condition.Test result, conventional ion have infiltration phenomenon between exchanging film device film, and equipment one way salt rejection rate is 10%;It is modified For ion exchange film device without infiltration or membrane stack drainage between film, equipment one way salt rejection rate is 11.5%.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment carries out and the region other than grid 4 on electrodialysis spacer 3 amberplex using polyacrylamide The region being in contact is modified.
With the modified homogeneous ion-exchange membrane 20 of 400mm × 200mm polyacrylamide to same size 40 open 0.75mmPP every Plate opens 0.75mmPP partition to same size 40 with the common homogeneous ion-exchange membrane 20 of 400mm × 200mm, is assembled into phase respectively Same single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, pipe arrangement form are identical.
Test solution is tested using above-mentioned single-stage single hop electrodialysis membrane stack, test solution is high concentration sodium chloride Aqueous solution, concentration 10000mg/L, deep or light water flow is 0.5m3/h.Under identical voltage, continuous operation 72h, observation two Covering device operating condition.
Test result, conventional ion have infiltration phenomenon between exchanging film device film, and equipment one way salt rejection rate is in the process of running It is gradually reduced, salt rejection rate is down to 19% from beginning 23%;Modified ion exchange membrane equipment without between film infiltration or membrane stack drainage, And equipment one way salt rejection rate is stable 25% always.
After end of run, two kinds of membrane stacks are dismantled into observation film surface situation respectively, when modified ion exchange membrane film surface is with new clothes Without significant change, and common homogeneous membrane has in partition cloth water flow passage position and slightly burns black phenomenon.It can analyze out, membrane stack is compressing In the process, common homogeneous phase anion/cation exchange membrane is recessed at partition cloth water flow passage, causes film surface distance to reduce, part Resistance reduces, and electric current increases, and film surface is slightly burnt.
Embodiment 5:
Other than being modified using butadiene rubber to amberplex, other operations are in the same manner as in Example 1.
Embodiment 6:
Other than being modified using fibrin to amberplex, other operations are in the same manner as in Example 1.
Embodiment 7:
Other than being modified using hydroxyapatite to amberplex, other operations are in the same manner as in Example 1.
The result of integrated embodiment 1-7 can be seen that the present invention by using modifying agent to amberplex and electrodialysis The region that region on partition other than grid is in contact is modified, and makes portion's part film gelation, to reach insulation, reduce and do The size changing rate of wet film improves film-strength, and strengthens the purpose of sealing effect.It is filled using the electrodialysis of modified ion exchange membrane It sets compared with the electrodialysis plant for not using modified ion exchange, dry/wet film full-size change rate is reduced to by 40% 5.7%, current efficiency improves 5~6%., longtime running salt rejection rate and current efficiency difference becomes apparent from, and using it is modified from The electrodialysis plant of son exchange is not in phenomena such as film is burnt, current efficiency or salt rejection rate reduce after end of run.
The Applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments detailed implementation condition and operating condition of the invention, But the invention is not limited to above-mentioned several implementation conditions, that is, do not mean that the present invention must rely on the above method and could implement. It should be clear to those skilled in the art, any improvement in the present invention, equivalent the replacing to each raw material of product of the present invention It changes and the addition of auxiliary element, the selection of concrete mode etc., all of which fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane, which is characterized in that the modified ion exchange membrane include desalination face (1) and Modification area (2);
The modification area (2) is the region being modified with modifying agent, which is and grid (4) on electrodialysis spacer (3) The region that region in addition is in contact;
The modifying agent is for any one in natural polymer hydrogel, artificial synthesized hydrogel or inorganic hydrogel or at least Two kinds of combination;
Its method of modifying are as follows: the region being in contact on amberplex with the region other than the grid (4) of electrodialysis spacer (3) Injection or filling modifying agent.
2. electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the modified ion exchange membrane Including modified anion exchange membrane and modified cation exchange membrane.
3. electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the modification area (2) It is contacted with the regional seal other than grid (4) on electrodialysis spacer (3).
4. electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the natural polymer water-setting Glue is the group of any one in chitosan, alginic acid, fibrin, gelatin, collagen, hyaluronic acid or glucan or at least two It closes.
5. electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the artificial synthesized hydrogel For polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate or above-mentioned artificial synthesized hydrogel Derivative in any one or at least two combination.
6. electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the inorganic hydrogel is Any one in silica, lithium diatomaceous earth, hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate or inorganic carbon or at least two combination.
7. the preparation method of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that The method are as follows: be in contact on amberplex with the region other than the grid (4) of electrodialysis spacer (3) region injection or Filling modifying agent.
8. the purposes of electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane according to claim 1-6 is applied to electrolyte The separation of solution and concentration field.
9. purposes according to claim 8, it is little that electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane is applied to mass concentration Separation and concentration field in 30% electrolyte solution.
10. a kind of electrodialysis plant using electrodialysis modified ion exchange membrane described in any one of claims 1-6.
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CN109326821A (en) * 2018-09-14 2019-02-12 湘潭大学 A kind of nanometer-material-modified rubber-gel electrolyte film and Preparation method and use
CN111960514A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-20 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 Electrodialysis intelligent control system and method for concentrating desulfurization wastewater

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CN105140543A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-09 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Flow cell ion exchange membrane assembly, preparing method of flow cell ion exchange membrane assembly and flow cell comprising flow cell ion exchange membrane assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2805896Y (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-08-16 陈�光 Partition board for electrodialysis of separation film device in chemical engineering industry
RU2398618C2 (en) * 2008-09-22 2010-09-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инновационное предприятие "Мембранная технология" Method of concentrating electrolyte solutions and electrodialyser to this end
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