CN105406086A - Electrochemical cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electrochemical cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105406086A CN105406086A CN201510715868.4A CN201510715868A CN105406086A CN 105406086 A CN105406086 A CN 105406086A CN 201510715868 A CN201510715868 A CN 201510715868A CN 105406086 A CN105406086 A CN 105406086A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCl OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BPKGOZPBGXJDEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zn] Chemical compound [C].[Zn] BPKGOZPBGXJDEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVJPBVNWVPUZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diacetyloxy(methyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](C)(OC(C)=O)OC(C)=O TVJPBVNWVPUZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HUWNGKVNXAXAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound C[SiH2]CCC(F)(F)F HUWNGKVNXAXAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LAQFLZHBVPULPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(phenyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si]C1=CC=CC=C1 LAQFLZHBVPULPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFZUFHWISBKFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[4-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]oxybutyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OCCCCNCCN IFZUFHWISBKFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible devices, and particularly relates to an electrochemical cell which comprises a positive electrode, an isolating membrane, a negative electrode, an electrolyte and an outer packaging structure; the sum n of the number of the positive electrodes and the number of the negative electrodes is an odd number; the outer packaging structure at least comprises a positive current collector a or/and a negative current collector b; the external packaging structure is a tab of the battery cell. The outermost electrode current collector serves as a packaging material of the battery and a tab function (so that the battery only needs one special tab), the material type and the material consumption are reduced, and the material cost is reduced; meanwhile, the energy density of the battery is improved; in the preparation process, only the current collector at the edge of the seal is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment, so that the problem of packaging reliability can be solved, the treatment cost can be reduced (the using amount of expensive treatment liquid is reduced), and the side effect of electrode impedance increase caused by the packaging auxiliary treatment can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical cells, and particularly relates to an electrochemical cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
After the 21 st century, various electronic device products such as mobile phones, notebooks, wearable devices and the like are in endless, and the lives of the users are greatly enriched; meanwhile, electric vehicles and various energy storage power stations can sprout, develop and grow rapidly like spring bamboo shoots in the rainy season. The above high-tech products have one common feature: high performance, low cost batteries are required to serve as energy storage components.
The existing batteries mainly comprise a primary battery and a secondary battery; the so-called primary battery, which is a battery that cannot be repeatedly charged, mainly includes a carbon zinc battery, an alkaline battery, a paste zinc-manganese battery, a cardboard zinc-manganese battery, an alkaline zinc-manganese battery, a button cell (a button zinc-silver battery, a button lithium-manganese battery, a button zinc-manganese battery), a zinc-air battery, a primary lithium-manganese battery, and the like, and a mercury battery; the secondary battery, i.e., a rechargeable battery, mainly includes a secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery, a nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery, a nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery, a lithium rechargeable battery, a lead-acid battery, and a solar battery. Lead-acid batteries can be divided into: open type lead-acid storage battery and totally-enclosed lead-acid storage battery. From the perspective of external packaging, the conventional batteries are mainly classified into flexible-packaged batteries and hard-shell-packaged batteries, and the flexible-packaged battery packaging film has small thickness and large plasticity, so that the battery is widely applied to various high-grade primary batteries and secondary batteries.
However, as the quality of life of people improves, higher requirements, namely longer standby time, are put on electronic products; this requires a higher energy density of the power supply that powers the electronic product.
The existing ways to increase the energy density are: selecting an electrochemical system with higher energy density, such as a high-voltage lithium cobaltate anode, a silicon cathode and the like; a manufacturing process with higher precision is selected, and the consistency of the battery capacity is improved, so that the average capacity of the battery is improved; the substrate with a thinner thickness is selected, such as 6 μm copper foil, 8 μm aluminum foil, 64 μm aluminum plastic film, etc. But the high-voltage system has poorer safety performance and higher cost; the silicon cathode has low first efficiency, poor cycle performance and high cost; the high-precision manufacturing process has huge equipment investment and high manufacturing cost; thinner substrates, in turn, tend to mean higher process control requirements, higher material costs; none of these solutions therefore increases the manufacturing costs.
With the increasing number of personalized electronic products, such as flexible devices, the flexible devices have come out, which puts higher demands on batteries: i.e. a flexible battery. However, in the bending process of the flexible battery, the interface inside the battery cell is often a weak link and is easily damaged, so that the performance of the flexible battery is poor; therefore, the number of internal interfaces of the flexible battery is reduced as much as possible, and the method is a reliable method for improving the performance of the flexible battery.
Meanwhile, in order to pursue higher energy density, the width of an effective packaging area is often reduced in the manufacturing process; and new materials and new battery structures are continuously generated, and higher requirements on the packaging reliability of the battery are also put forward.
In view of the above, there is a need for a new electrochemical cell and a method for manufacturing the same, which not only can increase the energy density of the cell, improve the packaging reliability of the cell, reduce the cost (material cost or/and manufacturing cost), but also have excellent flexibility and electrochemical performance when it is a flexible cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the provided electrochemical cell comprises a positive electrode, a separation film, a negative electrode, an electrolyte and an outer packaging structure; the positive electrode consists of a positive current collector and a positive coating layer; the negative electrode consists of a negative current collector and a negative coating layer, and the sum n of the number of the positive electrodes and the number of the negative electrodes is an odd number; the outer packaging structure at least comprises a positive current collector a or/and a negative current collector b; the external packaging structure is a tab of the battery cell. The outermost electrode current collector serves as a packaging material of the battery and a tab function (so that the battery only needs one special tab), the material type and the material consumption are reduced, and the material cost is reduced; meanwhile, the energy density of the battery is improved; in the preparation process, only the current collector at the edge of the seal is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment, so that the problem of packaging reliability can be solved, the treatment cost can be reduced (the using amount of expensive treatment liquid is reduced), and finally the side effect of electrode impedance increase caused by packaging auxiliary treatment can be reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electrochemical cell comprises a positive electrode, a separation film, a negative electrode, an electrolyte and an outer packaging structure; the positive electrode consists of a positive current collector and a positive coating layer; the negative electrode consists of a negative current collector and a negative coating layer; the assembling process of the electrochemical cell comprises a lamination process, and the sum n of the number of the positive electrodes and the number of the negative electrodes is an odd number; the outer packaging structure at least comprises a positive current collector a or/and a negative current collector b, namely the current collectors serve as packaging materials of the battery; the external packaging structure is a tab of the battery cell, namely the battery cell only needs to be additionally provided with a special tab; the positive current collector a is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment or/and the negative current collector b is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment, the thickness of a packaging auxiliary treatment layer is h, h is less than or equal to 10 mu m, and the packaging auxiliary treatment layer is too thick, so that the cost of the treatment layer is greatly increased, and the packaging reliability is reduced; the thickness of the positive current collector a is greater than or equal to 12 microns, the thickness of the negative current collector b is greater than or equal to 10 microns, and when the thickness of the positive current collector a and the negative current collector b is used as a current collector of a packaging material and reaches a certain value, the situation that the material is not perforated can be ensured, and the packaging reliability is ensured.
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell of the present invention, the sum n of the number of the positive electrode sheets and the number of the negative electrode sheets is an odd number greater than or equal to 3; the outer packaging structure is a positive current collector a or a negative current collector b, two positive current collectors a or two negative current collectors b serving as the outer packaging structure are coated on a single surface, the two positive current collectors a or the two negative current collectors b serving as the outer packaging structure are located on the outermost side of the battery, and an insulating layer is arranged on the outer sides of the two positive current collectors a or the two negative current collectors b serving as the outer packaging structure, namely, the electrode is located on one side, not coated with an electrode material, of the current collector on the surface of the battery core, so that the outer surface of the battery is insulated from the atmosphere and the ground, and the self-discharge speed of the battery is reduced.
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell of the present invention, the electrode located between the outer packaging structures is a double-sided coated electrode, the double-sided coated electrode comprises a current collector and two electrode coatings respectively arranged on two sides of the current collector, and the current collector is a current collector subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment; the electrodes on the two sides of the isolating membrane are matched electrodes during assembly; outer packaging structure includes water barrier and sealing layer, the water barrier does the mass flow body as packaging material, the sealing layer (draw as packaging electrode's utmost point ear one side except) is including insulating sealing layer and electrically conductive sealing layer, insulating sealing layer with electrically conductive sealing layer is adjacent to be set up, just insulating sealing layer is located and is close to the inboard at electric core center plays the effect of sealed and separation positive and negative electrode short circuit, electrically conductive sealing layer is located electric core edge to the sealed and electron that the realization regarded as two mass flow bodies of packaging material switches on the purpose.
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell of the present invention, the electrodes (all positive plates identical to the current collector a or all negative plates identical to the current collector b) with the same polarity as the electrodes of the outer packaging structure are connected together by welding or/and conductive adhesive bonding; and the electrodes different from the electrodes serving as the outer packaging structure are welded together and then are led out of the outer packaging structure through tabs.
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell of the invention, the positive current collector has a thickness greater than or equal to 20 μm and is comprised of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, titanium, and at least one of steel and stainless steel, nickel-based and cobalt-based alloys; the thickness of the negative current collector is more than or equal to 15 mu m, and the negative current collector consists of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, titanium and at least one of steel and stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and cobalt-based alloy; the positive electrode coating layer contains a positive active substance and is only distributed on one surface of the positive current collector in the positive electrode serving as an external packaging structure; the negative electrode coating contains a negative active material, and is used as the negative electrode of the external packaging structure, and the negative coating layer is only distributed on one surface of the negative current collector; the positive active material includes at least one of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, sulfur or sulfide, ternary or multicomponent composite compound, and polyanion cathode material; the negative electrode active material includes at least one of a carbon material, a carbonaceous compound, and a non-carbon material.
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell of the invention, the thickness h of the packaging auxiliary treatment layer is less than or equal to 5 μm, and the packaging auxiliary treatment layer is at least distributed in the packaging area of the cell; the packaging auxiliary treatment comprises at least one of polishing treatment, plating treatment (electroplating or chemical plating), organic silicon treatment or anodic oxidation (as the gap area of the current collector serves as the packaging edge of the battery and serves as the packaging edge, the packaging reliability is a basic requirement, and the current collector cannot be tightly adhered to a packaging material and passes an electrolyte soaking test (the packaging part is soaked in electrolyte, a sample is taken out after a certain time, the packaging tension is tested, when the packaging tension is more than or equal to 5N/8mm, the test is passed, otherwise, the test is not passed, which is a necessary test item for the packaging reliability test)).
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell of the present invention, the polishing treatment includes a mechanical polishing treatment or/and a chemical polishing treatment; the electroplating treatment comprises at least one of zinc plating treatment, copper plating treatment, chromium plating treatment, lead plating treatment, silver plating treatment, nickel plating treatment, tin plating treatment or cadmium plating treatment; the organosilicon treatment includes at least one of silane coupling agents (vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, γ -glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane, γ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (β -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, N- (β -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyl-methyl-trimethoxysilane, γ -chloropropyl-trimethoxysilane, γ -mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane, γ -aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, and the like), silane crosslinking agents (methyltriacetoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and the like), silicon resins (methylphenylsilane, chlorophenylmethylsilane, methyltrifluoropropylsilane, acrylic modified resins, and the like), or polysiloxanes (carboxy-end-blocked diorganopolysiloxane, and the like).
The invention also comprises a preparation method of the electrochemical cell, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing electrode slurry: uniformly stirring the positive active substance, a conductive agent, an adhesive and a solvent to obtain positive slurry for later use; uniformly stirring the negative active material, a conductive agent, a bonding agent and a solvent to obtain negative slurry for later use;
and 2, performing current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: performing packaging auxiliary treatment on the positive current collector by adopting a packaging auxiliary treatment process, so that a packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness h less than or equal to 10 mu m is attached to the surface of the positive current collector, and thus obtaining a positive current collector a subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use; performing packaging auxiliary treatment on the negative current collector by adopting a packaging auxiliary treatment process, so that a packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness h less than or equal to 10 micrometers is attached to the surface of the negative current collector, and thus obtaining a negative current collector b subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
step 3, preparing an electrode serving as a packaging structure: coating the positive slurry obtained in the step (1) on the positive current collector a obtained in the step (2), drying and processing to obtain a single-side coated positive electrode with a coating area of length L, width d and area S, wherein the periphery of the single-side coating also contains a hollow foil area for later use; coating the negative slurry obtained in the step (1) on the negative current collector b obtained in the step (2), drying and processing to obtain a single-side coated negative electrode with a coating area of L length, d width and S area, wherein the periphery of the single-side coating also contains a hollow foil area for later use;
step 4, preparing a double-sided electrode: coating the positive electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on two sides of a positive electrode current collector, drying and cutting to obtain a double-coated positive electrode for later use; coating the negative electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on two sides of a negative electrode current collector, drying and cutting to obtain a double-coated negative electrode for later use;
step 5, assembling the positive current collector a for the battery core of the external packaging structure: stacking the anode electrode, the isolating film, the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (3), the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4), the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4) \\8230 \ 8230;, the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4) and the anode electrode obtained in the step (3) in sequence to obtain a bare cell, wherein the total number of stacked electrodes is more than or equal to 3; welding or/and gluing all positive electrodes in the bare cell on the empty foil area of the positive electrode in the step 3, and welding or/and gluing all negative electrodes together and connecting the negative electrodes with a negative electrode lug; arranging a packaging layer on the empty foil area of the positive electrode in the step 3;
or the negative current collector b is assembled for the battery core of the external packaging structure: stacking the cathode electrode, the isolating film obtained in the step 3, the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step 4, the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step 4, the anode electrode obtained in the step 4, 8230, the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step 4 and the cathode electrode obtained in the step 3 in sequence to obtain a bare cell, wherein the total number of stacked electrodes is more than or equal to 3; welding or/and bonding all negative electrodes in the bare cell on the empty foil area of the negative electrode in the step 3, welding or/and bonding all positive electrodes together and connecting the positive electrodes with a positive electrode lug; arranging a packaging layer on the empty foil area of the negative electrode in the step 3;
step 6, preparing a finished product battery cell: and (3) packaging the battery cell assembled in the step (5), injecting liquid (in addition, before the battery cell is assembled in the step (5), drying the electrode plate, spraying electrolyte on the surface of the electrode or soaking the electrode in the electrolyte to realize the purpose of injecting liquid), forming, shaping and cutting to obtain a single finished electrochemical battery.
As an improvement of the preparation method of the electrochemical cell, the thickness h of the packaging auxiliary treatment layer in the step 2 is less than or equal to 5 microns; the packaging auxiliary treatment comprises at least one of polishing treatment, plating treatment (electroplating or chemical plating), organosilicon treatment or anodic oxidation; the method for preparing the single-side coating area and the gaps thereof comprises the steps of intermittently coating (a comb-shaped grid is used, a coating cutter head is divided, the grid width of the grid is d, the grid width of the grid is m, then coating operation is carried out, slurry obtained in the step 1 is coated on a current collector to obtain an initial membrane, in order to enable the coating length and the absolute value of the coating gap to be smaller and accurately controlled, the control precision of equipment needs to be optimized, the coating speed needs to be adjusted, solvent cleaning is carried out (after continuous coating, a coating layer is partially removed by using a solvent, a gap area meeting the specification requirement is obtained), laser cleaning is carried out (after continuous coating, a coating layer is partially removed by using a laser ablation technology, the gap area meeting the specification requirement is obtained), an auxiliary layer is stripped (namely, an auxiliary layer is preset in the coating gap area, and then after continuous coating, the auxiliary layer and the current collector are separated by using special means, so that the purpose of removing the redundant coating layer to obtain the gap area is achieved, for example, a layer is preset in the gap area on the current collector, then continuously coated, a hot melt adhesive layer is removed in a heating mode, and at least one of the gap area meeting the requirement is obtained.
As an improvement of the electrochemical cell preparation method, the current collector packaging auxiliary treatment mode in the step 2 comprises printing treatment or/and soaking treatment, wherein the printing treatment refers to that treatment liquid is pre-arranged on a template corresponding to the current collector coating empty foil area, and only the coating empty foil area serving as a packaging area is treated, so that the treated area is greatly reduced, and the treatment cost is reduced; the soaking treatment refers to soaking the current collector in treatment liquid or/and conveying the current collector through the treatment liquid to treat the whole current collector, and then removing the packaging auxiliary treatment layer in the corresponding area of the coating area on the current collector by adopting modes such as laser ablation, chemical cleaning and the like to obtain the current collector position corresponding to the sealing area for packaging auxiliary treatment; the sealing layer comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, modified polyethylene, modified polypropylene, hot melt adhesive and reactive hot melt adhesive.
Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical cell and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the outermost electrode current collector serves as a packaging material of the battery and a tab function (so that the battery only needs one special tab), the material types and the material consumption are reduced, and the material cost is reduced; meanwhile, the energy density of the battery is improved;
2. in the battery structure, only the current collector at the edge of the seal is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment, so that the problem of packaging reliability can be solved, and the side effect of electrode impedance increase caused by the packaging auxiliary treatment can be reduced;
3. during the auxiliary processing of the packaging, a printing processing mode is adopted, and only the area of the current collector serving as the packaging material, which corresponds to the sealing area, is processed, so that the processing area is greatly reduced, the using amount of expensive processing liquid is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced.
4. The sealing layer is divided into an insulating sealing layer and a conductive sealing layer, and can play triple functions of effectively sealing, blocking electronic conduction between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, conducting two layers of current collectors serving as packaging materials and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrochemical cell of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrochemical cell of the present invention (in more detail).
Detailed Description
The present invention and its advantageous effects will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Comparative example
Preparing an electrode plate: uniformly stirring lithium cobaltate serving as a positive electrode active substance, PVDF serving as a bonding agent and Super-P serving as a conductive agent NMP serving as a solvent, then coating the mixture on an aluminum foil with the thickness of 10 micrometers, then cold-pressing and cutting, and cutting tabs to obtain a positive plate to be laminated; graphite is used as a negative active material, SBR and CMC are used as adhesives, super-P is used as a conductive agent, and water is used as a solvent, the mixture is uniformly stirred and coated on a copper foil with the thickness of 8 mu m, and then the copper foil is cold-pressed and cut, and a tab is cut to obtain a negative plate to be laminated.
Preparing a finished battery: and laminating the positive plate, the negative plate and the isolating membrane together to obtain a bare cell, selecting an aluminum plastic membrane with the thickness of 86 mu m as a packaging material to carry out top side sealing, and then drying, injecting liquid, standing, forming, shaping, degassing and packaging to obtain a finished battery.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an electrochemical cell corresponding to this embodiment, which can be obtained from the figure, in which a negative electrode coating 02 is coated on one surface of a current collector 01A serving as a packaging material, and then laminated with an isolating film 03 and a positive plate 04 coated on both sides to obtain five layers of electrodes (three negative electrodes, two positive plates, wherein two of the three negative electrodes are coated on one side and one positive plate is coated on both sides), the positive plates are welded with the current collector 07 through current collector slitting tabs 05 and conducted to the outside of a cell by the current collector 07, the current collectors 01A and 01B are water-blocking layers in the packaging structure, and the water-blocking layers 01A and 01B are bonded together by an insulating sealing layer 06C to seal and insulate the current collectors 01A and 01B; and on the left side of electric core, double-deck coated negative pole piece 08 realizes the electron through the welding of mass flow body 01C and mass flow body 01A and switches on together, and in packaging structure, the adhesive linkage divide into electrically conductive adhesive linkage 06A and insulating adhesive linkage 06B, wherein insulating adhesive linkage 06B is close to electric core bulk phase side, electrically conductive adhesive linkage 06A is located the electric core outside (keeping away from the electric core main part), adhesive linkage 06A and 06B combined action, bond water barrier 01A and 01B together, play sealed effect, and simultaneously, the effectual anodal electrode of separation of 06B and negative pole electrode short circuit, 06A links together with mass flow body 01A with mass flow body 01B and realizes the electron and switches on. Fig. 2 is a more detailed schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an electrochemical cell corresponding to this embodiment, which includes an insulating layer 09 on the outer side of a current collector as an encapsulation material, and a structure in which the current collector corresponding to the sealing region and only the sealing region includes an encapsulation auxiliary processing layer 10, where the presence of the insulating layer 09 can block the contact between the electrode and the atmosphere and the ground, reduce the self-discharge rate of the cell, and the presence of the encapsulation auxiliary processing layer 10 can effectively improve the encapsulation reliability.
The specific steps for preparing the battery cell are as follows:
preparing electrode slurry: uniformly stirring lithium cobaltate serving as a positive electrode active substance, PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) serving as a binder and NMP (N-methyl pyrrolidone) serving as a conductive agent to obtain positive electrode slurry for later use; and uniformly stirring graphite serving as a negative active material, SBR and CMC serving as adhesives, super-P serving as a conductive agent and water serving as a solvent to obtain negative slurry for later use.
And (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing chromium liquid in a plating bath with a fixed structure (the plating bath is a cross-shaped bath, wherein only a cross line is provided with a chromium liquid containing bath, the width of the bath is matched with the width of a seal (equal to the width of the seal)), then spreading a copper foil with the thickness of 30 mu m on the surface of the plating bath, plating to obtain a chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 10nm, dividing a current collector into a plurality of unprocessed current collector small blocks by the chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer, and then washing by deionized water to obtain a current collector subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
preparing a negative electrode serving as a packaging structure: coating the negative electrode slurry on the current collector subjected to the packaging auxiliary treatment to obtain a single-side coated electrode plate (the packaging auxiliary treatment layer and the coating are positioned on the same side of the current collector), cleaning the coating on the surface of the packaging auxiliary treatment layer with deionized water, and cutting along the central line of the packaging auxiliary treatment layer to obtain a single-sheet single-side coated negative electrode for later use;
preparing a double-sided electrode: coating the positive electrode on the surface of an aluminum foil with the thickness of 12 mu m to obtain a double-coated positive plate, and cutting the double-coated positive plate for later use; coating the negative electrode slurry on the surface of a copper foil with the thickness of 8 mu m to obtain a double-coated negative plate, and cutting the double-coated negative plate for later use;
assembling the battery: drying a negative electrode, a double-sided coated positive plate, a double-sided coated negative plate and an isolating membrane, then spraying electrolyte on the surface of the electrode, referring to the schematic diagram 1, laminating the single-sided coated negative electrode, the double-sided coated positive plate, the double-sided coated negative plate and the isolating membrane to obtain a bare cell, then welding two positive electrodes and a positive electrode tab, and welding the double-sided coated negative plate and a layer of single-sided coated negative electrode together; and placing sealant (the inner layer is insulating PP, and the outer layer is modified conductive PP) at a position corresponding to the packaging auxiliary treatment layer, carrying out heat sealing to obtain a battery cell, forming, shaping and sealing, and sticking a layer of insulating adhesive paper on the surface of the battery cell to obtain a finished battery.
Example 2
The method is different from the embodiment 1 in that the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing the chromium solution in an electroplating bath, paving a copper foil with the thickness of 30 mu m on the surface of the electroplating bath, electroplating to obtain a chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 10nm, and then cleaning with deionized water to obtain a current collector subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
preparing a negative electrode serving as a packaging structure: coating the negative electrode slurry on the current collector subjected to the packaging auxiliary treatment to obtain an electrode plate coated on one side, cleaning the coating corresponding to the sealing area by using deionized water, and cutting to obtain a single negative electrode coated on one side for later use;
the rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing chromium liquid in a plating bath with a fixed structure (the plating bath is a cross-shaped bath, wherein only a cross line is provided with a chromium liquid containing bath, the width of the bath is matched with the width of a seal (equal to the width of the seal)), then spreading a copper foil with the thickness of 10 micrometers on the surface of the plating bath, electroplating to obtain a chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 10nm, dividing a current collector into a plurality of unprocessed current collector small blocks by the chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer, and then washing with deionized water to obtain a current collector subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
the rest is the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 4
The method is different from the embodiment 1 in that the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing chromium liquid in a plating bath with a fixed structure (the plating bath is a cross-shaped bath, wherein only a cross line is provided with a chromium liquid containing bath, the width of the bath is matched with the width of a seal (equal to the width of the seal)), then spreading a copper foil with the thickness of 15 mu m on the surface of the plating bath, plating to obtain a chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 10nm, cutting a current collector into a plurality of unprocessed current collector small blocks by the chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer, and then washing by using deionized water to obtain a current collector subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
the rest is the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 5
The method is different from the embodiment 4 in that the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing chromium liquid in a plating bath with a fixed structure (the plating bath is a cross-shaped bath, wherein only a chromium liquid containing bath is arranged on a cross line, the bath width is matched with the seal width (equal to the seal width)), then paving a copper foil with the thickness of 20 mu m on the surface of the plating bath, electroplating to obtain a chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 10 mu m, dividing the current collector into a plurality of unprocessed current collector blocks by the chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer, and then washing by deionized water to obtain a current collector for standby after packaging auxiliary treatment;
the rest is the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 6
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing chromium liquid in a plating bath with a fixed structure (the plating bath is a cross-shaped bath, wherein only a cross line is provided with a chromium liquid containing bath, the bath width is matched with the seal width (equal to the seal width)), then paving a copper foil with the thickness of 40 mu m on the surface of the plating bath, electroplating to obtain a chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 5 mu m, cutting the current collector into a plurality of unprocessed current collector small blocks by the chromium-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer, and then washing by using deionized water to obtain a current collector subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
the rest is the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 7
The method is different from the embodiment 1 in that the method comprises the following steps:
preparing electrode slurry: uniformly stirring lithium cobaltate serving as a positive electrode active substance, PVDF serving as a bonding agent and Super-P serving as a conductive agent NMP serving as a solvent to obtain positive electrode slurry for later use; and uniformly stirring graphite serving as a negative active material, SBR and CMC serving as adhesives, super-P serving as a conductive agent and water serving as a solvent to obtain negative slurry for later use.
And (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing silane coupling agent treatment liquid in an electroplating bath, flatly paving aluminum poise with the thickness of 20 mu m on the surface of the electroplating bath, electroplating to obtain a silane coupling agent-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 100nm, then washing the current collector by using deionized water, washing the current collector by adopting a laser washing technology, removing part of the treatment layer on the surface of the current collector, and obtaining the current collector with the treatment layer in a corresponding area only sealed by a battery cell for later use;
preparing a positive electrode serving as a packaging structure: coating the positive electrode slurry on the current collector subjected to the packaging auxiliary treatment to obtain an electrode plate coated on one side, cleaning a coating corresponding to a sealing area by using a laser cleaning technology, and cutting to obtain a single positive electrode coated on one side for later use;
preparing a double-sided electrode: coating the positive electrode on the surface of an aluminum foil with the thickness of 12 mu m to obtain a double-coated positive plate, and cutting the double-coated positive plate for later use; coating the negative electrode slurry on the surface of a copper foil with the thickness of 8 mu m to obtain a double-sided coated negative plate, and cutting the double-sided coated negative plate for later use;
assembling the battery: drying a positive electrode, a double-sided coated negative plate, a double-sided coated positive plate and a barrier film, then spraying electrolyte on the surface of the electrode, laminating the single-sided coated positive electrode, the double-sided coated negative plate, the double-sided coated positive plate and the barrier film to obtain a bare cell, then welding two negative electrodes and a negative electrode tab, and welding the double-sided coated positive plate and a layer of single-sided coated positive electrode together; and placing sealant (the inner layer is insulating PP, and the outer layer is modified conductive PP) at a position corresponding to the packaging auxiliary treatment layer, carrying out heat sealing to obtain the battery cell, forming, shaping and sealing, and sticking a layer of insulating gummed paper on the surface of the battery cell to obtain the finished battery.
The rest is the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
Example 8
The difference from the embodiment 7 is that the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: placing the silane coupling agent treatment solution in an electroplating bath, flatly paving 12-micrometer aluminum poise on the surface of the electroplating bath, electroplating to obtain a silane coupling agent-containing packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness of 50nm, and then cleaning with deionized water; cleaning the current collector by adopting a laser cleaning technology, removing part of the treatment layer on the surface of the current collector, and obtaining the current collector which only contains the treatment layer in the corresponding area of the cell seal area for standby;
preparing a positive electrode serving as a packaging structure: coating the positive electrode slurry on the current collector subjected to the packaging auxiliary treatment to obtain an electrode plate coated on one side, cleaning a coating corresponding to a sealing area by using a laser cleaning technology, and cutting to obtain a single positive electrode coated on one side for later use;
preparing a double-sided electrode: coating the positive electrode on the surface of an aluminum foil with the thickness of 12 mu m to obtain a double-coated positive plate, and cutting the double-coated positive plate for later use; coating the negative electrode slurry on the surface of a copper foil with the thickness of 8 mu m to obtain a double-sided coated negative plate, and cutting the double-sided coated negative plate for later use;
assembling the battery: drying a positive electrode, a double-sided coated negative plate, a double-sided coated positive plate and a barrier film, then spraying electrolyte on the surface of the electrode, laminating the single-sided coated positive electrode, the double-sided coated negative plate, the double-sided coated positive plate and the barrier film to obtain a bare cell, then welding two negative electrodes and a negative electrode tab, and welding the double-sided coated positive plate and a layer of single-sided coated positive electrode together; and placing sealant (the inner layer is insulating PP, and the outer layer is modified conductive PP) at a position corresponding to the packaging auxiliary treatment layer, carrying out heat sealing to obtain the battery cell, forming, shaping and sealing, and sticking a layer of insulating gummed paper on the surface of the battery cell to obtain the finished battery.
The rest is the same as example 7 and will not be described again.
Capacity & volumetric energy density test: the capacity test was performed on the cells of examples 7 to 12 in an environment of 35 ℃ according to the following procedure: standing for 3min; charging to 4.2V at constant current of 0.5C and charging to 0.05C at constant voltage; standing for 3min; discharging to 3.0V at constant current of 0.5C to obtain first discharge capacity D0 and first discharge energy E0; standing for 3min to complete the capacity test; and (3) testing the thickness, the length and the width of the battery, calculating the volume V of the battery, and calculating the volume energy density = E0/V of the battery, wherein the obtained result is shown in Table 1.
And (3) impedance testing: from each of comparative examples and examples 1 to 8, 30 cells were taken out and subjected to an impedance test: charging to 3.85V at 35 deg.C with 0.5C, CV to 0.05C; then taking out the battery core; and testing the internal resistance of the battery core by using an electrochemical workstation at the testing frequency of 30wHZ to obtain the impedance of the battery, and recording the impedance in the table 1.
Self-discharge test: from each of comparative examples and examples 1 to 8, 30 cells were taken out and subjected to a self-discharge test: charging to 3.8V by using 0.5C in an environment at 35 ℃, and enabling CV to be 0.05C; and then taking out the battery core, standing for 48 hours in an environment at 45 ℃, wherein the test voltage is V1, standing for 72 hours at room temperature, and then the test voltage is V2, so that the self-discharge rate of the battery is = (V1-V2)/72 (mV/h).
Testing the packaging reliability: from each of comparative examples and examples 1 to 9, 10 cells were taken out and subjected to a mounting reliability test: charging to 3.8V by using 0.5C in an environment at 35 ℃, and enabling CV to be 0.05C; then taking out the cell to test the thickness of the cell to be h1, then placing the cell in an environment with 70 ℃ and 95% humidity for 7 days, and taking out the cell to test the thickness of the cell to be h2; calculating the thickness expansion rate: (h 2-h 1)/h 1 x 100%; when (h 2-h 1)/h 1 × 100% >10%, the package failure is noted and the results are statistically entered in table 1.
TABLE 1 electric Properties of the batteries of comparative example and example
From table 1, it can be seen from comparison of comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 8 that the present invention can greatly improve the energy density of the battery, and at the same time, reduce the battery impedance and reduce the self-discharge rate of the battery. And the smaller the thickness of the current collector as the packaging material is, the greater the improvement of the volumetric energy density of the battery is, but when the thickness of the current collector is too small, micropores can appear in the production process to influence the sealing reliability, so that the current collector with proper thickness needs to be selected as the packaging material of the battery.
Compared with the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the battery cell has the advantages that the battery cell impedance is increased and the capacity is reduced by reserving the packaging auxiliary treatment layer of the whole current collector; this is because the presence of the encapsulation aid layer affects the effective contact between the coating and the current collector, increasing the contact resistance.
In addition, the self-discharge of the battery core is smaller because the double-function sealant is used, and the insulating packaging adhesive on the inner layer can effectively block the short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and reduce the self-discharge; meanwhile, the surface of the battery core is provided with the insulating glue, so that the self-discharge of the battery can be reduced.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may also occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as disclosed and taught herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or alterations based on the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. An electrochemical cell comprising a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and an outer packaging structure;
the positive electrode consists of a positive current collector and a positive coating layer; the negative electrode consists of a negative current collector and a negative coating layer; the method is characterized in that:
the assembling process of the electrochemical cell comprises a lamination process, and the sum n of the number of the positive electrodes and the number of the negative electrodes is an odd number;
the outer packaging structure at least comprises a positive current collector a or/and a negative current collector b;
the external packaging structure is a tab of the battery;
and the positive current collector a is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment or/and the negative current collector b is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment, the thickness of a packaging auxiliary treatment layer is h, and h is less than or equal to 10 mu m.
The thickness of the positive electrode current collector a is greater than or equal to 12 microns, and the thickness of the negative electrode current collector b is greater than or equal to 10 microns.
2. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein: the sum n of the number of the positive electrodes and the number of the negative electrodes is an odd number which is greater than or equal to 3; outer packaging structure is anodal mass flow body an or negative current collector b, and two anodal mass flow body an or two negative current collector b as outer packaging structure are the single face coating, and two anodal mass flow body an or two negative current collector b as outer packaging structure are located the outside of battery, and two anodal mass flow body an or two negative current collector b outside surfaces as outer packaging structure are provided with the insulating layer moreover.
3. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the electrode positioned between the outer packaging structures is a double-sided coated electrode, the double-sided coated electrode comprises a current collector and electrode coatings respectively arranged on two sides of the current collector, and the current collector is subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment; the electrodes on the two sides of the isolating membrane are paired electrodes during assembly; the outer packaging structure comprises a waterproof layer and a sealing layer, the waterproof layer is a current collector serving as a packaging material, the sealing layer comprises an insulating sealing layer and a conductive sealing layer, the insulating sealing layer and the conductive sealing layer are arranged adjacently, and the insulating sealing layer is close to the inner side of the center of the battery core; the conductive sealing layer is positioned on the edge of the battery cell.
4. An electrochemical cell according to claim 3, wherein: the electrode with the same polarity as the electrode of the outer packaging structure is connected with the electrode of the outer packaging structure in a welding or/and conductive adhesive bonding mode; and electrodes which are different from the electrodes serving as the outer packaging structure are welded together and then are led out of the outer packaging structure through tabs.
5. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the positive current collector is more than or equal to 20 mu m, and the positive current collector consists of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, titanium and at least one of steel and stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and cobalt-based alloy; the thickness of the negative current collector is more than or equal to 15 mu m, and the negative current collector consists of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, titanium and at least one of steel and stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and cobalt-based alloy; the positive electrode coating layer contains a positive active substance and is only distributed on one surface of the positive current collector in the positive electrode serving as an external packaging structure; the negative coating contains a negative active material, and is distributed on only one surface of the negative current collector in the negative electrode serving as an external packaging structure; the positive active material includes at least one of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, sulfur or sulfide, ternary or multicomponent composite compound, and polyanion cathode material; the negative electrode active material includes at least one of a carbon material, a carbonaceous compound, and a non-carbon material.
6. An electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness h of the packaging auxiliary treatment layer is less than or equal to 5 mu m, and the packaging auxiliary treatment layer is at least distributed in the packaging area of the battery; the packaging auxiliary treatment comprises at least one of polishing treatment, plating treatment, organosilicon treatment or anodic oxidation.
7. An electrochemical cell according to claim 6, wherein: the polishing treatment comprises a mechanical polishing treatment or/and a chemical polishing treatment; the electroplating treatment comprises at least one of zinc plating treatment, copper plating treatment, chromium plating treatment, lead plating treatment, silver plating treatment, nickel plating treatment, tin plating treatment or cadmium plating treatment; the silicone treatment includes at least one of a silane coupling agent, a silane cross-linking agent, a silicone resin, or a polysiloxane.
8. A method of making an electrochemical cell according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preparing electrode slurry: uniformly stirring the positive active substance, a conductive agent, an adhesive and a solvent to obtain positive slurry for later use; uniformly stirring the negative active material, a conductive agent, a bonding agent and a solvent to obtain negative slurry for later use;
step 2, current collector packaging auxiliary treatment: performing packaging auxiliary treatment on the positive current collector by adopting a packaging auxiliary treatment process, so that a packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness h less than or equal to 10 mu m is attached to the surface of the positive current collector, and thus obtaining a positive current collector a subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use; performing packaging auxiliary treatment on the negative current collector by adopting a packaging auxiliary treatment process, so that a packaging auxiliary treatment layer with the thickness h less than or equal to 10 micrometers is attached to the surface of the negative current collector, and thus obtaining a negative current collector b subjected to packaging auxiliary treatment for later use;
step 3, preparing an electrode serving as a packaging structure: coating the positive slurry obtained in the step (1) on the positive current collector a obtained in the step (2), drying and processing to obtain a single-side coated positive electrode with a coating area with the length of L, the width of d and the area of S, wherein the periphery of the single-side coating also contains a blank foil area for standby; coating the negative slurry obtained in the step (1) on the negative current collector b obtained in the step (2), drying and processing to obtain a single-surface coated negative electrode with a plurality of coating areas with the length of L, the width of d and the area of S, wherein the periphery of the single-surface coating also contains a blank foil area for standby;
step 4, preparing a double-sided electrode: coating the positive electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on two sides of a positive electrode current collector, drying and cutting to obtain a double-coated positive electrode for later use; coating the negative electrode slurry obtained in the step (1) on two sides of a negative electrode current collector, drying and cutting to obtain a double-coated negative electrode for later use;
step 5, assembling the positive current collector a as a battery core of an external packaging structure: stacking the anode electrode, the isolating film, the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (3), the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4), the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4) \\8230 \ 8230;, the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4) and the anode electrode obtained in the step (3) in sequence to obtain a bare cell, wherein the total number of stacked electrodes is more than or equal to 3; welding or/and gluing all positive electrodes in the bare cell on the empty foil area of the positive electrode in the step 3, and welding or/and gluing all negative electrodes together and connecting the negative electrodes with a negative electrode lug; arranging a packaging layer on the empty foil area of the positive electrode in the step 3;
or the negative current collector b is assembled for the battery core of the external packaging structure: stacking the cathode electrode, the isolating film obtained in the step (3), the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4), the cathode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4), the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (8230); the anode electrode and the isolating film obtained in the step (4) and the cathode electrode obtained in the step (3) in sequence to obtain a bare cell, wherein the total number of stacked electrodes is more than or equal to 3; welding or/and gluing all negative electrodes in the bare cell on the empty foil area of the negative electrode in the step 3, welding or/and gluing all positive electrodes together and connecting the positive electrodes with a positive electrode lug; arranging a packaging layer on the empty foil area of the negative electrode in the step 3;
step 6, preparing a finished product battery core: and (5) packaging, injecting, forming, shaping and slitting the battery core assembled in the step (5) to obtain a single finished electrochemical battery.
9. A method for preparing an electrochemical cell according to claim 8, wherein the thickness h of the encapsulation auxiliary treatment layer in step 2 is less than or equal to 5 μm; the packaging auxiliary treatment comprises at least one of polishing treatment, plating treatment, organosilicon treatment or anodic oxidation; the method for preparing the single-side coating area and the gaps thereof is at least one of intermittent coating, solvent cleaning, laser cleaning and auxiliary layer stripping.
10. The method for preparing the electrochemical cell according to claim 8, wherein the current collector packaging auxiliary treatment manner in step 2 includes a printing treatment and/or a soaking treatment, the printing treatment refers to pre-disposing a treatment fluid on a template corresponding to the current collector coating empty foil area, and only treating the coating empty foil area as a packaging area, the soaking treatment refers to soaking the current collector in the treatment fluid or/and carrying the current collector with the treatment fluid to treat the whole current collector; the sealing layer comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, modified polyethylene, modified polypropylene, hot melt adhesive and reactive hot melt adhesive.
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