CN105404650A - GIS data processing method and apparatus - Google Patents
GIS data processing method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105404650A CN105404650A CN201510719598.4A CN201510719598A CN105404650A CN 105404650 A CN105404650 A CN 105404650A CN 201510719598 A CN201510719598 A CN 201510719598A CN 105404650 A CN105404650 A CN 105404650A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- data
- template
- gis
- user data
- disposal route
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/29—Geographical information databases
Abstract
Embodiments of the invention disclose a GIS data processing method and apparatus. The method comprises: obtaining a template set and user data; determining a first template from the template set according to the data type of the user data; according to a template parameter of the first template, extracting effective data in the user data, and generating GIS data in a target format by utilizing the effective data. According to the GIS data processing method and apparatus disclosed by the embodiments of the invention, the user data can be quickly converted into the GIS data in the target format directly displayed by a GIS system, so that the GIS data processing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of computer information processing, particularly a kind of GIS data disposal route and device.
Background technology
GIS (GeographicInformationSystem or Geo-Informationsystem, Geographic Information System) be a kind of specific space information system, may be used for gathering the relevant geographic distributed data in space, regional top layer all or in part, store, manage, computing, analysis, display and description.The basic function of GIS is exactly the GIS data of display user, and described GIS data can comprise multiple GIS element.
Because the instrument obtaining GIS data in all trades and professions is different, the GIS data form obtained is also different, and the GIS data of this user just causing generalized information system to get may be diversified, and generalized information system possibly cannot directly show.In order to ensure that generalized information system can show user data, need to process the user data got in advance.
Existing GIS data disposal route can comprise usually: technician's coding code, the user data of the numerous types of data utilizing program code user to be provided is converted to the data of the discernible particular type of generalized information system, again by conversion after Data import in generalized information system, carry out data processing and show.
Realizing in the application's process, inventor finds that in prior art, at least there are the following problems: the data volume due to user data is many and user data kind is many, data type conversion is carried out to each data and will produce a large amount of data backups, in addition by under a data correlation to different catalogues also can by same number according to generation many parts of backups, therefore, existing GIS data disposal route may waste a large amount of storage spaces, also reduces the efficiency of GIS data process simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of GIS data disposal route and device, to save the storage space that takies in GIS data processing procedure and to improve GIS data treatment effeciency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of GIS data disposal route and device to be achieved in that
A kind of GIS data disposal route, comprising:
Obtain template set and user data;
Data type according to described user data determines the first template from described template set;
According to the template parameter of the first template, extract the valid data in described user data, utilize described valid data to generate the GIS data of object format.
In preferred version, described user data comprises data type; Described data type comprises: Document type data, binary format data or database data.
In preferred version, described template set comprises: text data template, binary data template and/or database data template.
In preferred version, the template in described goal set comprises the template parameter corresponding with described template.
In preferred version, the described template parameter according to the first template extracts the valid data in described user data, specifically comprise: according to the parameter attribute of the first template, filter out the data corresponding with described first template parameter attribute, described in the data that filter out be valid data.
In preferred version, the template in the data type of described user data and described template set has corresponding relation.
In preferred version, the described data type according to user data determines the first template from described template set, comprise: according to the corresponding relation between the template in the data type of described user data and described template set, determine first template corresponding with the data type of described user data.
In preferred version, described database data comprises data, the data of both field storage mode storage or the data of long word section storage mode storage that individual character section storage mode stores.
A kind of GIS data treating apparatus, comprising: acquisition module, the first formwork module and GIS data generation module; Wherein,
Described acquisition module, for obtaining template set and user data; Described user data comprises data type;
Described first formwork module, determines the first template for the data type according to described user data from described template set;
Described GIS data generation module, for the template parameter according to the first template, extracts the valid data in described user data, utilizes described valid data to generate the GIS data of object format.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, GIS data disposal route and device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, can according to the corresponding relation between data type and default template, determine first template corresponding with the data type of the user data received, according to the parameter of the first template, the valid data in user data can be extracted, generate the GIS data of object format.GIS data disposal route disclosed in the embodiment of the present application and device can realize GIS data user data being converted to the object format that generalized information system directly shows fast, improve GIS data treatment effeciency, the GIS data of object format, due to uniform format, is convenient to be further processed the GIS data of described object format.Meanwhile, directly can generate the GIS data of object format according to the valid data of template extraction user, not need to back up user data, effectively can save storage space.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of GIS data disposal route of the application embodiment;
The process flow diagram of GIS data disposal route embodiment that Fig. 2 is the application's user data type when being Document type data;
Fig. 3 is the module map of a kind of GIS data treating apparatus of the application embodiment.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of GIS data disposal route and device.
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of GIS data disposal route of the application embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, shown GIS data disposal route can comprise:
S101: obtain template set and user data.
Template set and user data can be obtained.
Described user data can be the geographic information data that different user is sent.Described user data can comprise data type.Described data type can comprise: Document type data, binary format data or database data.
Described database data can comprise data, the data of both field storage mode storage or the data of long word section storage mode storage that individual character section storage mode stores.The data of described text formatting can comprise SPS (Shellprocessingsupportformatforland3dsurveys) data.
Described template set can prestore.Can comprise in described template set: text data template, binary data template and/or database data template.Template in described goal set can comprise the template parameter corresponding with described template.Parameter required when described template parameter may be used for representing in described template and processes data, can comprise: parameter type, parameter name etc.
Template in described template set may be used for extracting the valid data in user data, and such as described text data template can spend the valid data in the user data extracting text.Described valid data can generate GIS data, and described GIS data can utilize generalized information system directly to show.
Described template can be included in layer, can comprise one or more template in a layer.By receiving the different instruction of user, can to move different layer, convergent-divergent or overlap-add operation, thus realize movement to template, convergent-divergent or superposition, thus display and the interactive function of system can be strengthened.
S102: the data type according to described user data determines the first template from described template set.
Data type according to described user data can determine the first template from described template set.Template in the data type of described user data and described template set can have corresponding relation.Such as, Document type data can be corresponding with text data template, and binary format data can be corresponding with binary data template, and database data can be corresponding with database data template.
According to the corresponding relation between the template in the data type of described user data and described template set, first template corresponding with the data type of described user data can be determined.Such as, when the data type of described user data is Document type data, can determine that the first template is text data template.
S103: according to the template parameter of the first template, extracts the valid data in described user data, utilizes described valid data to generate the GIS data of object format.
According to the template parameter of the first template, the valid data in described user data can be extracted.Particularly, can comprise: according to the parameter attribute of the first template, filter out the data corresponding with described first template parameter attribute, described in the data that filter out be valid data.
The GIS data of object format can be generated according to the described valid data filtered out.The GIS data of described object format can be the GIS data that generalized information system can directly show.Described object format can be determined according to described generalized information system.
If introduce the GIS data according to the first template generation object format in the application's GIS data disposal route embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 2.
The process flow diagram of GIS data disposal route embodiment that Fig. 2 is the application's user data type when being Document type data.As shown in Figure 2, described GIS data disposal route can comprise: first extract template parameter, user data is read according to template parameter, obtain the Data Labels of the user data read, judge that whether described Data Labels is corresponding with target component attribute, if corresponding, then can represent that described Data Labels is effective, the user data that then described Data Identification is corresponding is valid data, can according to the GIS data of described valid data productive target form.Wherein, the X in figure, Y may be used for the coordinate information of stating described data.
GIS data disposal route disclosed in above-described embodiment, can according to the corresponding relation between data type and default template, determine first template corresponding with the data type of the user data received, according to the parameter of the first template, the valid data in user data can be extracted, generate the GIS data of object format.GIS data disposal route disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can realize GIS data user data being converted to the object format that generalized information system directly shows fast, improve GIS data treatment effeciency, the GIS data of object format, due to uniform format, is convenient to be further processed the GIS data of described object format.Meanwhile, directly can generate the GIS data of object format according to the valid data of template extraction user, not need to back up user data, effectively can save storage space.
Fig. 3 is the module map of a kind of GIS data treating apparatus of the application embodiment.As shown in Figure 3, shown GIS data treating apparatus can comprise: acquisition module 301, first formwork module 302 and GIS data generation module 303.Wherein,
Described acquisition module 301, may be used for obtaining template set and user data.Described user data can comprise data type.Described data type can comprise: Document type data, binary format data or database data.Described database data can comprise data, the data of both field storage mode storage or the data of long word section storage mode storage that individual character section storage mode stores.Can comprise in described template set: text data template, binary data template and/or database data template.Template in described goal set can comprise the template parameter corresponding with described template.
Described first formwork module 302, may be used for from described template set, determining the first template according to the data type of described user data.Template in the data type of described user data and described template set can have corresponding relation.Such as, Document type data can be corresponding with text data template, and binary format data can be corresponding with binary data template, and database data can be corresponding with database data template.
Described GIS data generation module 303, may be used for the template parameter according to the first template, extracts the valid data in described user data, utilizes described valid data to generate the GIS data of object format.
GIS data treating apparatus disclosed in above-described embodiment is corresponding with a kind of GIS data disposal route of the application, can reach the technique effect of the application's embodiment of the method.
In the nineties in 20th century, it is improvement (such as, to the improvement of the circuit structures such as diode, transistor, switch) on hardware or the improvement (improvement for method flow) on software that improvement for a technology can clearly be distinguished.But along with the development of technology, the improvement of current a lot of method flows can be considered as the direct improvement of hardware circuit.Designer nearly all obtains corresponding hardware circuit by being programmed in hardware circuit by the method flow of improvement.Therefore, the improvement of not talkative method flow just can not realize by hardware entities module.Such as, programmable logic device (PLD) (ProgrammableLogicDevice, PLD) (such as field programmable gate array (FieldProgrammableGateArray, FPGA) be exactly) so a kind of integrated circuit, its logic function is determined device programming by user.Programmed voluntarily a digital display circuit " integrated " on a slice PLD by designer, and do not need chip maker to carry out the special integrated circuit (IC) chip of designing and making 2.And, nowadays, replace and manually make integrated circuit (IC) chip, this programming is also used instead mostly " logic compiler (logiccompiler) ", and software realizes, it and program development is write time software compiler used similar, and source code before will compiling also handy specific programming language write, this is referred to as hardware description language (HardwareDescriptionLanguage, HDL), and HDL also not only has one, but have many kinds, as ABEL (AdvancedBooleanExpressionLanguage), AHDL (AlteraHardwareDescriptionLanguage), Confluence, CUPL (CornellUniversityProgrammingLanguage), HDCal, JHDL (JavaHardwareDescriptionLanguage), Lava, Lola, MyHDL, PALASM, RHDL (RubyHardwareDescriptionLanguage) etc., the most generally use VHDL (Very-High-SpeedIntegratedCircuitHardwareDescriptionLangu age) and Verilog2 at present.Those skilled in the art also should be clear, only needs method flow is slightly made programming in logic with above-mentioned several hardware description language and is programmed in integrated circuit, just can be easy to the hardware circuit of this logical method flow process accomplished.
Controller can realize by any suitable mode, such as, controller can be taked such as microprocessor or processor and store the computer-readable medium of the computer readable program code (such as software or firmware) that can be performed by this (micro-) processor, logic gate, switch, special IC (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit, ASIC), the form of programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedding microcontroller, the example of controller includes but not limited to following microcontroller: ARC625D, AtmelAT91SAM, MicrochipPIC18F26K20 and SiliconeLabsC8051F320, Memory Controller can also be implemented as a part for the steering logic of storer.
Those skilled in the art also know, except realizing except controller in pure computer readable program code mode, controller can be made to realize identical function with the form of logic gate, switch, special IC, programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedding microcontroller etc. by method step being carried out programming in logic completely.Therefore this controller can be considered to a kind of hardware component, and to the structure that also can be considered as the device realizing various function in hardware component comprised in it.Or even, the device being used for realizing various function can be considered as not only can be implementation method software module but also can be structure in hardware component.
System, device, module or unit that above-described embodiment is illustrated, specifically can be realized by computer chip or entity, or be realized by the product with certain function.
For convenience of description, various unit is divided into describe respectively with function when describing above device.Certainly, the function of each unit can be realized in same or multiple software and/or hardware when implementing the application.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that the application can add required general hardware platform by software and realizes.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of the application can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, in one typically configuration, computing equipment comprises one or more processor (CPU), input/output interface, network interface and internal memory.This computer software product can comprise the method some part described in of some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform each embodiment of the application or embodiment.This computer software product can be stored in internal memory, internal memory may comprise the volatile memory in computer-readable medium, the forms such as random access memory (RAM) and/or Nonvolatile memory, as ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) or flash memory (flashRAM).Internal memory is the example of computer-readable medium.Computer-readable medium comprises permanent and impermanency, removable and non-removable media can be stored to realize information by any method or technology.Information can be computer-readable instruction, data structure, the module of program or other data.The example of the storage medium of computing machine comprises, but be not limited to phase transition internal memory (PRAM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), the random access memory (RAM) of other types, ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), fast flash memory bank or other memory techniques, read-only optical disc ROM (read-only memory) (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical memory, magnetic magnetic tape cassette, tape magnetic rigid disk stores or other magnetic storage apparatus or any other non-transmitting medium, can be used for storing the information can accessed by computing equipment.According to defining herein, computer-readable medium does not comprise of short duration computer readable media (transitorymedia), as data-signal and the carrier wave of modulation.
Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually see, what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments.Especially, for system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see the part of embodiment of the method.
The application can be used in numerous general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.Such as: personal computer, server computer, handheld device or portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, system, set top box, programmable consumer-elcetronics devices, network PC, small-size computer, mainframe computer, the distributed computing environment comprising above any system or equipment etc. based on microprocessor.
The application can describe in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program module.Usually, program module comprises the routine, program, object, assembly, data structure etc. that perform particular task or realize particular abstract data type.Also can put into practice the application in a distributed computing environment, in these distributed computing environment, be executed the task by the remote processing devices be connected by communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can be arranged in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium comprising memory device.
Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (9)
1. a GIS data disposal route, is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain template set and user data;
Data type according to described user data determines the first template from described template set;
According to the template parameter of the first template, extract the valid data in described user data, utilize described valid data to generate the GIS data of object format.
2. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described user data comprises data type; Described data type comprises: Document type data, binary format data or database data.
3. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described template set comprises: text data template, binary data template and/or database data template.
4. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the template in described goal set comprises the template parameter corresponding with described template.
5. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described template parameter according to the first template extracts the valid data in described user data, specifically comprise: according to the parameter attribute of the first template, filter out the data corresponding with described first template parameter attribute, described in the data that filter out be valid data.
6. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the template in the data type of described user data and described template set has corresponding relation.
7. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described data type according to user data determines the first template from described template set, comprise: according to the corresponding relation between the template in the data type of described user data and described template set, determine first template corresponding with the data type of described user data.
8. a kind of GIS data disposal route as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described database data comprises data, the data of both field storage mode storage or the data of long word section storage mode storage that individual character section storage mode stores.
9. a GIS data treating apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising: acquisition module, the first formwork module and GIS data generation module; Wherein,
Described acquisition module, for obtaining template set and user data; Described user data comprises data type;
Described first formwork module, determines the first template for the data type according to described user data from described template set;
Described GIS data generation module, for the template parameter according to the first template, extracts the valid data in described user data, utilizes described valid data to generate the GIS data of object format.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510719598.4A CN105404650A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | GIS data processing method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510719598.4A CN105404650A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | GIS data processing method and apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105404650A true CN105404650A (en) | 2016-03-16 |
Family
ID=55470140
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510719598.4A Pending CN105404650A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | GIS data processing method and apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105404650A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112231444A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-01-15 | 北京来也网络科技有限公司 | Processing method and device for corpus data combining RPA and AI and electronic equipment |
| CN113254808A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-13 | 江苏豪杰测绘科技有限公司 | GIS data screening method and system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6681395B1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2004-01-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Ltd. | Template set for generating a hypertext for displaying a program guide and subscriber terminal with EPG function using such set broadcast from headend |
| CN101141467A (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2008-03-12 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Configuring method and system |
| CN101739439A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for dynamically customizing statistical object based on template |
| CN101925045A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for providing user service data |
| CN103927314A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-16 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Data batch processing method and device |
-
2015
- 2015-10-30 CN CN201510719598.4A patent/CN105404650A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6681395B1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2004-01-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Ltd. | Template set for generating a hypertext for displaying a program guide and subscriber terminal with EPG function using such set broadcast from headend |
| CN101141467A (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2008-03-12 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Configuring method and system |
| CN101925045A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for providing user service data |
| CN101739439A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for dynamically customizing statistical object based on template |
| CN103927314A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-16 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Data batch processing method and device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112231444A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-01-15 | 北京来也网络科技有限公司 | Processing method and device for corpus data combining RPA and AI and electronic equipment |
| CN113254808A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-13 | 江苏豪杰测绘科技有限公司 | GIS data screening method and system |
| CN113254808B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-11-16 | 江苏豪杰测绘科技有限公司 | GIS data screening method and system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2018000998A1 (en) | Interface generation method, apparatus and system | |
| US11270105B2 (en) | Extracting and analyzing information from engineering drawings | |
| US9760551B2 (en) | Generating regular expression | |
| Morozov et al. | Distributed contour trees | |
| CN103150359B (en) | Micro-blog information display packing and device | |
| CN107341014A (en) | Electronic equipment, the generation method of technical documentation and device | |
| CN108171267A (en) | User group partitioning method and device, information push method and device | |
| CN103425632A (en) | Serializing method, device and processor | |
| CN104537001A (en) | Platform and method for mining oil gas information data | |
| CN109241026A (en) | The method, apparatus and system of data management | |
| CN105824830A (en) | Page displaying method, client and equipment | |
| US20150220236A1 (en) | Post-designing method and apparatus based on variant configuration in development of graphic user interface | |
| CN103500158A (en) | Method and device for annotating electronic document | |
| CN109597678A (en) | Task processing method and device | |
| US9405519B2 (en) | Method and system for register clearing in data flow analysis in decompilation | |
| CN108614693A (en) | It is a kind of for the processing method of page assembly, device and equipment | |
| CN104375814A (en) | Generation method and device of an interface document | |
| CN105868216A (en) | Method for realizing object expiration operation and device and equipment | |
| CN105404650A (en) | GIS data processing method and apparatus | |
| CN103605521A (en) | Method and device for realizing interface apposition | |
| CN105426676B (en) | A kind of well data processing method and system | |
| US20160266875A1 (en) | Software automatic configuration apparatus, software automatic configuration method, and storage media | |
| CN109656946A (en) | A kind of multilist relation query method, device and equipment | |
| CN110390015B (en) | Data information processing method, device and system | |
| CN109409037A (en) | A kind of generation method, device and the equipment of data obfuscation rule |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160316 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |