CN105404147B - A kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process - Google Patents
A kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process Download PDFInfo
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process, advantage is the mechanism model based on golden cyanidation-leaching process, samples a variety of operation operating modes；Using the linear combination of some measurable variables in golden cyanidation-leaching process as controlled variable, mechanism model and running cost function based on golden cyanidation-leaching process, solve the coefficient matrix and constant set value for obtaining controlled variable；Under uncertain operation operating mode, controlled by controller and manipulate leaching agent input, controlled variable is maintained on constant set value, leaching agent input is with regard to that can be automatically adjusted near real optimal input, so as to fulfill the optimum control of golden cyanidation-leaching process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wet metallurgy, more particularly, to a kind of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process from excellent
Change control method.
Background technology
It is energy-saving to be as the demand of China's structural transformation of the economy is increasingly urgent and the quickening of market economy globalization
The priority theme of China's process industry.Golden hydrometallurgy is a kind of common gold metallurgy technique, has higher economic value, at the same time
Also mass energy is consumed.At home and abroad metallurgy industry is widely used golden hydrometallurgy, is compared with external similar technique, at present
China's hydrometallurgical one of major issue of gold is a lack of complete automatic control technology.Wherein, how gold metallurgy is improved
Economic benefit is the Important Problems of those skilled in the art's concern, including improves gold grade, reduce raw material dosage, ensure leaching rate
Etc. target.
Golden hydrometallurgy includes the processes such as Cyanide Leaching, zinc dust precipitation and thickening and washing, wherein the first procedure cyaniding is soaked
It is an important ring to go out, and the leachate quality quality of output, which has subsequent technique, to be significantly affected.Golden cyanidation-leaching process
Optimum control can be described as a kind of economic indicator comprising constraint and optimize functional problem, general thinking is based on golden cyaniding
The mechanism model of leaching process solves to obtain the optimal input of leaching agent (sodium cyanide solution), then adjusts true mistake according to result
The leaching agent input of journey is to respective amount, so as to carry out optimum control to golden cyanidation-leaching process.But due to golden cyanidation-leaching process
It can be influenced in operation be subject to factors such as extraneous production environment changes, i.e., under uncertain operation operating mode, can cause to be based on
The optimal input for the leaching agent that original model solution obtains is mismatched with real optimal input, causes that the production cost increases, warp
Benefit of helping reduces.
The present invention provides a kind of self-optimizing control method of golden cyanidation-leaching process, with some in golden cyanidation-leaching process
The linear combination of measurable variable is controlled variable, and leaching agent input is adjusted under controller action, is maintained at controlled variable
On constant set value, leaching agent input realizes golden cyanidation-leaching process with regard to that can be automatically adjusted near real optimal input
Optimum control.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention there is provided a kind of self-optimizing control of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process
Method processed, using the linear combination of some measurable variables in golden cyanidation-leaching process as controlled variable, is adjusted under controller action
Leaching agent input, makes controlled variable be maintained on constant set value, leaching agent input with regard to can be automatically adjusted to it is real most preferably into
Near amount, the optimum control of the golden cyanidation-leaching process under uncertain operation operating mode is realized.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process
Self-optimizing control method, it is characterised in that：Specifically include following steps：
(1) choose the Cyanide Leaching agent of all N number of Pneumatic leaching tanks in the measurable variable of golden cyanidation-leaching process into
Amount, solid phase gold grade, the gold concentration in liquid phase and concentration of cyanide are as basic variable；
(2) N is chosen from the basic variable described in step (1)yA composition column vector y；Wherein, NyMore than or equal to N+1 and it is less than
Equal to 4N, the NyN number of Cyanide Leaching agent input is included in a basic variable；
(3) mechanism model based on golden cyanidation-leaching process, samples a variety of operation operating modes, solves and obtains controlled variable c's
Coefficient matrix H, and the constant set value c of controlled variable cs；Wherein, c=Hy；
(4) under uncertain operation operating mode, controller manipulates N number of Cyanide Leaching agent input, makes controlled variable c
Remain at constant set value cs。
Wherein, the Cyanide Leaching agent is sodium cyanide solution, and the mechanism model of the gold cyanidation-leaching process is by following
Equation describes：
Economic indicator is defined as running cost J, and calculation formula is as follows：
CsiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank solid phase gold grade, QsiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank ore pulp solid flow, MsiFor
I Pneumatic leaching tank is detained solid phase quality, rAuiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank gold reaction rate, CliFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank
Gold concentration in liquid phase, QliFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank pulp slurry phase flow rate, MliIt is detained liquid phase matter for i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank
Amount, CCNiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank sodium cyanide concentration, QCNiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank Cymag leaching agent input, Cs∞For
Solid phase residual gold grade ideally, rCNiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank cryanide ion reaction rate, k1~k6For reaction power
Learn coefficient, CoiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank dissolved oxygen concentration, PCNFor Cymag price, PCNdTo handle remaining cyaniding price
Lattice, PAuFor the price of gold, CCN0For the Cymag initial concentration in baffle-box, i ∈ [1, N].
Wherein, the constant set value c of the coefficient matrix H and controlled variable csSolution procedure it is as follows：
(3.1) in the mechanism model of above-mentioned golden cyanidation-leaching process, different operating operating mode can be represented by choosing several
Model parameter, and determine respective distributed area, the whole distribution space formed to them carries out Monte Carlo and adopts
Sample, obtains M operation operating mode；
(3.2) mechanism model and running cost J based on above-mentioned golden cyanidation-leaching process, use numerical optimisation algorithms pair
The operation operating mode that each step (3.1) obtains carries out offline optimization, records the corresponding vector y of each operation operating mode most
The figure of merit；
(3.3) optimal value for all M groups y for obtaining step (3.2) is dimension M × (N by rowsy+ 1) matrix Y,
The first of wherein Y is classified as increased constant 1；To YTY carries out Eigenvalues Decomposition, obtains (Ny+ 1) a characteristic value and corresponding
Feature vector；
(3.4) all characteristic values are ranked up from small to large, take the corresponding feature vector of top n minimal eigenvalue,
It is denoted as v1、v2…vN；Make H0 T=[v1 v2…vN], H0Dimension be N × (Ny+1)；
(3.5) coefficient matrix H is taken as H0In since the 2nd arrange to last one row composition matrix, constant set value csIt is taken as
H0The negative of first row.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that the mechanism model based on golden cyanidation-leaching process, sampling are a variety of
Operating mode is operated, using the linear combination of some measurable variables in golden cyanidation-leaching process as controlled variable, solves and obtains controlled variable
Coefficient matrix and constant set value, under uncertain operation operating mode, controlled by controller and manipulate leaching agent input, make controlled change
Amount is maintained on constant set value, and leaching agent input can be just automatically adjusted near real optimal input, realize golden cyaniding leaching
Go out the optimum control of process.
Preferably, step (2) described NyIn a basic variable, the solid phase gold grade of last Pneumatic leaching tank is further included
CsN。
As optimal, the NyFor N+2~N+6；The NyThe cyanogen of last Pneumatic leaching tank is further included in a basic variable
Change na concn QCNNOr the solid phase gold grade of centre position Pneumatic leaching tank.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the golden cyanidation-leaching process of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing embodiment.
The technological process of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process as shown in Figure 1, primary operational unit by N number of Pneumatic leaching tank
It is composed in series by overflow manner, each Pneumatic leaching tank is conveyed into leaching agent sodium cyanide solution, and is passed through compression in slot bottom
Air provides the dissolved oxygen needed for reaction；Wherein, the specific number N of Pneumatic leaching tank by enterprise according to production scale, Raw Ore
The factors such as the quality of stone determine.Ore pulp in baffle-box is delivered to 1# Pneumatic leaching tanks, wherein solid phase gold, leaching agent cyaniding through pump
Chemical reaction is produced between sodium, dissolved oxygen so that gold is dissolved in solvent, and equally reaction occurs for follow-up leaching tanks so that gold is molten
Liquid concentration improves step by step, and the expensive liquid of last leaching, which is stored in leaching liquid storage tank and waits, enters next process.Optimize the mesh of operation
It is designated as adjusting the leaching agent input of each Pneumatic leaching tank so that the running cost of the process section is minimum.
A kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process, including the following steps：
(1) the leaching agent Cymag for choosing all N number of Pneumatic leaching tanks in the measurable variable of golden cyanidation-leaching process is molten
Liquid input QCNi, solid phase gold grade Csi, gold concentration C in liquid phaseliAnd sodium cyanide concentration CCNiAs basic variable, i ∈ [1, N].
For building the basic variable of system self-optimizing controlled variable, there should be the attribute of measurable, non-constant.For leaching
During mineral slurry flux, groove are detained quality, sodium cyanide solution concentration etc. is usually maintained at the variable of constant, not in selected row.
(2) N is chosen from institute's based variableyA variable, is arranged in column vector y.Wherein NyMore than or equal to N+1, it is less than or equal to
4N, and NyN number of sodium cyanide solution input Q is included in a variableCNi, i ∈ [1, N].Except selected N number of sodium cyanide solution into
Measure QCNiOutside, the preferably solid phase gold grade C of last Pneumatic leaching tanksN。
NyPreferably N+2~N+6, also, in column vector y, except the solid phase gold grade C of last Pneumatic leaching tanksNOutside,
It is also preferred：The cyanide ion concentration Q of last Pneumatic leaching tankCNN, middle Pneumatic leaching tank solid phase gold grade.Selection
These variables can improve self-optimizing control performance to greatest extent.
(3) mechanism model based on cyanidation-leaching process, solves the coefficient matrix H for obtaining controlled variable c, and controlled change
Measure the constant set value c of cs；Wherein, c=Hy.
The mechanism model of golden cyanidation-leaching process is described by below equation：
Economic indicator is defined as running cost J, by the gold in leaching agent cost, remaining Cymag processing cost and ore
Lose three parts to form, calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein, symbol description see the table below：
Coefficient matrix H and constant set value csComputational methods be specially：
(3.1) in the mechanism model of above-mentioned golden cyanidation-leaching process, different operating operating mode can be represented by choosing several
Model parameter, and determine respective distributed area.The whole distribution space formed to them carries out Monte Carlo samplings,
Obtain M operation operating mode.
In the present embodiment, the model parameter for representing different operating operating mode is chosen for kinetics coefficient k1~k6, k1~
k6Reference value be respectively 0.0011,2.13,0.961,0.228,3.58 × 10-9, 3.71, its distributed area is their reference values
± 20%.
(3.2) mechanism model and running cost J based on foregoing golden cyanidation-leaching process, using numerical optimisation algorithms to every
One operation operating mode carries out offline optimization, records the optimal value of the corresponding vector y of each operation operating mode.In the present embodiment
In, the numerical optimisation algorithms used are standard sequence quadratic programming (SQP) method.
(3.3) it is dimension M × (N by rows by the optimal value of all obtained M groups yy+ 1) matrix Y, wherein matrix Y
First be classified as increased constant 1.To YTY carries out Eigenvalues Decomposition, obtains (Ny+ 1) a characteristic value and corresponding feature to
Amount.
(3.4) all characteristic values are ranked up from small to large, take the corresponding feature vector of top n minimal eigenvalue,
It is denoted as v1、v2…vN；Make H0 T=[v1 v2…vN], H0Dimension be N × (Ny+1)。
(3.5) H is taken as H0In since the 2nd arrange to last one row composition matrix, setting value csIt is taken as H0First row is born
Number.
(4) using N number of leaching agent input as manipulating variable, manipulating the manipulating variable by controller makes controlled variable c=
Hy is maintained at constant set value cs, realize self-optimizing control of the golden cyanidation-leaching process under different operating working condition.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process, it is characterised in that：Specifically include following steps：(1) choose the Cyanide Leaching agent input of all N number of Pneumatic leaching tanks in the measurable variable of golden cyanidation-leaching process, consolidate Gold concentration and concentration of cyanide in phase gold grade, liquid phase is as basic variable；(2) N is chosen from the basic variable described in step (1)yA composition column vector y；Wherein, NyMore than or equal to N+1 and it is less than or equal to 4N, the NyN number of Cyanide Leaching agent input is included in a basic variable；(3) mechanism model based on golden cyanidation-leaching process, samples a variety of operation operating modes, solves the coefficient for obtaining controlled variable c Matrix H, and the constant set value c of controlled variable cs；Wherein, c=Hy；(4) under uncertain operation operating mode, controller manipulates N number of Cyanide Leaching agent input, makes controlled variable c all the time It is maintained at constant set value cs；Wherein, the constant set value c of step (3) the coefficient matrix H and controlled variable csSolution procedure it is as follows：(3.1) in the mechanism model of above-mentioned golden cyanidation-leaching process, the mould of different operating operating mode can be represented by choosing several Shape parameter, and determine respective distributed area, the whole distribution space formed to them carries out Monte Carlo samplings, obtains Obtain M operation operating mode；(3.2) mechanism model and running cost J based on above-mentioned golden cyanidation-leaching process, using numerical optimisation algorithms to each The operation operating mode that a step (3.1) obtains carries out offline optimization, records the optimal of the corresponding vector y of each operation operating mode Value；(3.3) optimal value for all M groups y for obtaining step (3.2) is dimension M × (N by rowsy+ 1) matrix Y, wherein Y First be classified as increased constant 1；To YTY carries out Eigenvalues Decomposition, obtains Ny+ 1 characteristic value and corresponding feature to Amount；(3.4) all characteristic values are ranked up from small to large, take the corresponding feature vector of top n minimal eigenvalue, be denoted as v1、v2…vN；Make H0 T=[v1 v2 … vN], H0Dimension be N × (Ny+1)；(3.5) coefficient matrix H is taken as H0In since the 2nd arrange to last one row composition matrix, constant set value csIt is taken as H0The The negative of one row.
- 2. a kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process according to claim 1, its feature exist In：The Cyanide Leaching agent is sodium cyanide solution, and the mechanism model of step (3) the golden cyanidation-leaching process is by below equation Description：<mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dC</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow><mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dC</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow><mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dC</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow><mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>&infin;</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </msubsup> </mrow><mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>5</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>6</mn> </msub> </msubsup> </mrow>Economic indicator is defined as running cost J, and calculation formula is as follows：<mrow> <mi>J</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, CsiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank solid phase gold grade, QsiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank ore pulp solid flow, MsiFor I-th of Pneumatic leaching tank is detained solid phase quality, rAuiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank gold reaction rate, CliLeached for i-th of strength Gold concentration in tank liquor phase, QliFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank pulp slurry phase flow rate, MliIt is detained liquid phase for i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank Quality, CCNiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank sodium cyanide concentration, QCNiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank sodium cyanide solution input, Cs∞For Solid phase residual gold grade ideally, rCNiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank cryanide ion reaction rate, k1~k6For reaction power Learn coefficient, CoiFor i-th of Pneumatic leaching tank dissolved oxygen concentration, PCNFor Cymag price, PCNdTo handle remaining cyaniding price Lattice, PAuFor the price of gold, CCN0For the Cymag initial concentration in surge tank, i ∈ [1, N].
- 3. a kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process according to claim 2, its feature exist In：Step (2) described NyThe solid phase gold grade C of last Pneumatic leaching tank is further included in a basic variablesN。
- 4. a kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process according to claim 3, its feature exist In：The NyFor N+2~N+6.
- 5. a kind of self-optimizing control method of hydrometallurgy gold cyanidation-leaching process according to claim 4, its feature exist In：Step (2) described NyThe sodium cyanide concentration Q of last Pneumatic leaching tank is further included in a basic variableCNNOr centre position gas The solid phase gold grade of power leaching tanks.
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| CN104950847A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-30 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Method for calculating self-optimizing controlled variable during forced circulation and evaporation control in process of alkali liquid concentration and production |
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