CN105401083B - High temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy and its preparation and application - Google Patents
High temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy and its preparation and application for belonging to solar energy heat utilization technical field.The sealing alloy is by getting the raw materials ready, melting, cast and heat treatment are prepared from；The machined workpiece into required size and dimension of sealing alloy being prepared into, after workpiece surface is cleaned through oil removing, degreasing, surface sand-blasting, then carry out annealing in hydrogen atmosphere or vacuum degassing processing, you can carry out sealing-in with glass.The service behaviour of the sealing alloy is excellent, and good with glass matching performance, operating temperature range is wide, and its preparation technology is simple, easy to operate, it is adaptable to high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe or other fields for having specific demand to thermal coefficient of expansion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy heat utilization technical field, the more particularly to sealing-in of high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
Alloy and its preparation and application.
Background technology
High temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is the critical component that solar energy light gathering and heat collecting generates electricity, and it is prepared by surface absorbs heat
The bellows composition of the stainless steel inner tube of coating, glass enclosure tube and two end compensating swell increment differences, stainless steel inner tube and glass
Vacuum annular space is formed between vestlet.The vacuum of vacuum annular space influences very big to thermal-collecting tube collecting efficiency.To meet
The vacuum requirement of thermal-collecting tube, reduces heat loss, improves collecting efficiency, sealing is must assure that between glass enclosure tube and stainless steel inner tube
Connection, and the cold cycling operating mode (being generally 25-550 DEG C) when adapting to solar energy heat collection pipe operation.Accordingly, it would be desirable in glass
The sealing alloy matched with thermal expansion coefficient of glass is introduced between vestlet and stainless steel inner tube, it is to avoid in thermal-collecting tube running
The destruction that glass/metal thermal coefficient of expansion is mismatched and caused.
Conventional sealing alloy has 4J29, Ni-Co (ZL90102845) etc. at present.But above-mentioned alloy operating temperature is low (about
25-450 DEG C), it is difficult to the requirement of high temperature solar vacuum heat collection pipe is met, therefore, in the urgent need to a kind of operating temperature height (25-
550 DEG C), thermal coefficient of expansion matched with glass well, be easy to welding, easily prepared novel glass metal sealing alloy, with full
The demand of sufficient high temperature solar thermal utilization large scale vacuum tube.
The content of the invention
The present invention in view of the shortcomings of the prior art there is provided a kind of high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy and
Its preparation and application.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows：
A kind of high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy, the sealing alloy by following parts by weight component
Composition：40-60 parts of iron, 25-45 parts of nickel, other metals are 0-25 parts, and rare earth metal is 2-5 parts；
Other described metals are the one or more in B, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Mo, Nb and Y；Described rare earth
Metal is the one or more in La, Ce and Yb.
In the sealing alloy, the parts by weight of iron are preferably 40-50 parts.
The raw material of the sealing alloy component are followed successively by：It is simple metal iron, pure metallic nickel, other metals or its alloy, dilute
Earth metal or its alloy.
The purity of the simple metal iron and pure metallic nickel is more than 99.5%.
The sealing alloy operating temperature range be 25-550 DEG C, in operating temperature range, its thermal coefficient of expansion with it is swollen
Swollen coefficient is 2.7 × 10-6-5.5×10-61/K glass matches.
A kind of preparation method of described high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy, comprises the following steps：
(1) get the raw materials ready：According to the weight of sealing alloy each component, raw material are weighed；Raw material are after cleaning processing, then enter
Row bakeout degassing, the raw material pre-processed；
(2) melting：Melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum arc furnace ignition or vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, when its is complete
After running down, refining 10-30 minutes is further continued for；
(3) pour into a mould：It is cast in using the method cast of suction pouring or by the raw material after refining in water cooled mo(u)ld, makes its fast
Rapid hardening obtains ingot casting admittedly；Described pouring temperature is 1470-1520 DEG C；
(4) it is heat-treated：Obtained ingot casting is heat-treated under inert atmosphere protection, process of thermal treatment is：1100-
1300 DEG C, it is incubated 1-2 hours, it is ensured that ingot casting high temperature solid solution body phase area composition is uniform；850-950 DEG C is cooled to, insulation 3-6 is small
When, it is ensured that ingot casting is completely reformed into middle temperature solid solution phase, and composition is uniform；Room temperature is finally cooled to, sealing alloy is obtained.
The time of the bakeout degassing is more than 1 hour.
The method taken that rapidly cools down is oil quenching or water quenching.
The inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
The high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is with the application method of sealing alloy：Sealing alloy is machined to be
The workpiece of required size and dimension, after workpiece surface is cleaned through oil removing, degreasing, surface sand-blasting, then carry out annealing in hydrogen atmosphere or vacuum degassing
Processing, you can carry out sealing-in with glass.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The sealing alloy service behaviour of preparation is excellent, good with glass matching performance；Work
Temperature range is wide, 100 DEG C higher than the operating temperature of common sealing alloy or so, and its manufacturing process is simple, easy to operate.This hair
The sealing alloy of bright preparation can be prepared into the band and ring of various shapes, it is adaptable to which high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is other right
Thermal coefficient of expansion has the field of specific demand.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 for high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy constituent weight range figure (point a → b → c →
D → e → f → a area defined)；Wherein, M represents the weight range of other metals and rare earth metal, wt.% (M)=
Wt.% (other metals)+wt.% (rare earth metal).
Fig. 2 is the thermal expansion of Fe-35wt.%Ni-8wt.%Co-2wt.%Cu-2wt.%Y-3wt.%Ce sealing alloys
Performance chart.
Fig. 3 is the hot expansibility curve of Fe-25wt.%Ni-4wt.%Mn-11wt.%Co-5wt.%Ce sealing alloys
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the thermal expansion of Fe-30wt.%Ni-18wt.%Co-5wt.%Mo-2wt.%V-5wt.%Ce sealing alloys
Performance chart.
Fig. 5 is Fe-45wt.%Ni-4wt.%Cr-6wt.%Mn-2wt.%V-2wt.%Ce-1wt.%La sealing alloys
Hot expansibility curve map.
Fig. 6 is the hot expansibility curve map of Fe-45wt.%Ni-1wt.%Co-2wt.%La sealing alloys.
Fig. 7 is the hot expansibility curve map of Fe-40wt.%Ni-1wt.%Co-2wt.%Ce sealing alloys.
Fig. 8 is the hot expansibility of Fe-25wt.%Ni-7.4wt.%Co-4.4wt.%B-3.2wt.%Ce sealing alloys
Curve.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
(1) raw material use pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Co (purity >=99.4%), Cu
(purity >=99.4%), Y (purity is more than 99.5%), Ce (purity >=99.0%).Sealing alloy constituent is matched, with Fig. 1 g
The proportions of point, i.e. proportioning shown in embodiment 1 in table 1：Fe-35wt.%Ni-8wt.%Co-2wt.%Cu-2wt.%
Y-3wt.%Ce.
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 2 hours, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum arc furnace ignition；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500 DEG C
When, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 20 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into a mould using the method for suction pouring, its rapid solidification is obtained ingot casting, pour
It is 1470-1520 DEG C to note temperature；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1200 DEG C, insulation 1 is small
When；900 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 4 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using oil quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 2：
(1) raw material uses pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Co (purity >=99.4%), and Mn is (pure
Degree >=99.4%), Ce (purity >=99.0%).Sealing alloy constituent is matched, with the proportions of Fig. 1 a points, i.e. table 1
Embodiment 2 shown in proportioning：Fe-25wt.%Ni-4wt.%Mn-11wt.%Co-5wt.%Ce；
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 1 hour, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500
DEG C when, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 15 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into water cooled mo(u)ld makes its rapid solidification obtain ingot casting, and pouring temperature is 1470-
1520℃；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1100 DEG C, insulation 2 is small
When；850 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 5 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using oil quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 3
(1) raw material uses pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Co (purity >=99.4%), and V is (pure
99.5%) degree is more than, Ce (purity >=99.0%).Sealing alloy constituent is matched, with the proportions of Fig. 1 b points, i.e. table 1
In embodiment 3 shown in proportioning：Fe-30wt.%Ni-18wt.%Co-5wt.%Mo-2wt.%V-5wt.%Ce；
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 1.5 hours, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500
DEG C when, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 30 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into water cooled mo(u)ld makes its rapid solidification obtain ingot casting, and pouring temperature is 1470-
1520℃；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1300 DEG C, insulation 1 is small
When；950 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 3 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using water quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 4
(1) raw material uses pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Cr (purity >=99.4%), and Mn is (pure
Degree >=99.4%), V (purity is more than 99.5%), Ce (purity >=99.0%), La (purity >=99.0%).Sealing alloy is constituted
Composition proportion, with the proportioning shown in the embodiment 4 in the proportions of Fig. 1 c points, i.e. table 1：Fe-45wt.%Ni-4wt.%Cr-
6wt.%Mn-2wt.%V-2wt.%Ce-1wt.%La；
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 1 hour, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500
DEG C when, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 25 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into water cooled mo(u)ld makes its rapid solidification obtain ingot casting, and pouring temperature is 1470-
1520℃；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1200 DEG C, insulation 1.5
Hour；900 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 5 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using water quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 5：
(1) raw material uses pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Co (purity >=99.4%), and Cu is (pure
Degree >=99.4%), La (purity >=99.0%).Sealing alloy constituent is matched, with the proportions of Fig. 1 d points, i.e. table 1
Embodiment 5 shown in proportioning：Fe-45wt.%Ni-1wt.%Co-2wt.%La；
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 2 hours, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500
DEG C when, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 10 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into a mould using the method for suction pouring, its rapid solidification is obtained ingot casting, pour
It is 1470-1520 DEG C to note temperature；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1200 DEG C, insulation 1.5
Hour；900 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 5 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using water quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 6
(1) raw material uses pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Co (purity >=99.4%), and Ce is (pure
Degree >=99.0%).Sealing alloy constituent is matched, with matching somebody with somebody shown in the embodiment 6 in the proportions of Fig. 1 e points, i.e. table 1
Than：Fe-40wt.%Ni-1wt.%Co-2wt.%Ce；
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 2 hours, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500
DEG C when, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 30 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into water cooled mo(u)ld makes its rapid solidification obtain ingot casting, and pouring temperature is 1470-
1520℃；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1300 DEG C, insulation 1 is small
When；850 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 6 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using oil quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 7
(1) raw material uses pure Fe (purity >=99.5%), Ni (purity >=99.5%), Co (purity >=99.4%), and B is (pure
Degree >=99.4%), Ce (purity >=99.0%).Sealing alloy constituent is matched, with the proportions of Fig. 1 f points, i.e. table 1
Embodiment 7 shown in proportioning：Fe-25wt.%Ni-7.4wt.%Co-4.4wt.%B-3.2wt.%Ce；
(2) according to said ratio, raw material are weighed；After raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, it is placed in crucible and dries
Roasting degasification 1 hour, the raw material pre-processed；
(3) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace；When smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500
DEG C when, raw material start fusing；After it is completely melt, refining 10 minutes is further continued for；
(4) raw material after refining are poured into a mould using the method for suction pouring, its rapid solidification is obtained ingot casting, pour
It is 1470-1520 DEG C to note temperature；
(5) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1300 DEG C, insulation 1 is small
When；950 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 3 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using oil quenching, sealing alloy is obtained.
(6) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating speed
Rate be 5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp be room temperature to 650 DEG C, test result is as shown in Figure 8.
The embodiment 1-7 sealing alloys constituent of table 1 is matched
The hot expansibility test result of gained sealing alloy is as illustrated in figs. 2 through 8.It can be seen that gained sealing alloy material
The operating temperature of material is high, and (25-550 DEG C) thermal coefficient of expansion can be 2.7 × 10 with the coefficient of expansion within the scope of wider temperature-6-5.5×10-61/K glass matches.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy, it is characterised in that：Raw material using pure Fe purity >=
99.5%, Ni purity >=99.5%, Cr purity >=99.4%, Mn purity >=99.4%, V purity be more than 99.5%, Ce purity >=
99.0%, La purity >=99.0%, sealing alloy constituent proportioning：
Fe-45wt.%Ni-4wt.%Cr-6wt.%Mn-2wt.%V-2wt.%Ce-1wt.%La；
The preparation method of the alloy is：
(1) according to alloy proportion, raw material are weighed, after raw material oil removing, degreasing, washing cleaning, baking in crucible is placed in and removes
Gas 1 hour, the raw material pre-processed；
(2) melting is carried out to the raw material of pretreatment using vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, when smelting temperature reaches 1400-1500 DEG C
When, raw material start fusing, after it is completely melt, are further continued for refining 25 minutes；
(3) raw material after refining are poured into water cooled mo(u)ld makes its rapid solidification obtain ingot casting, and pouring temperature is 1470-1520
℃；
(4) ingot casting is heat-treated under nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere protection, and process of thermal treatment is：1200 DEG C, it is incubated 1.5 hours；
900 DEG C are cooled to again, are incubated 5 hours；Room temperature is rapidly cooled to finally by using water quenching, sealing alloy is obtained；
(5) spillikin that obtained sealing alloy is cut into 4 × 25mm of Φ carries out hot expansibility test test；Heating rate is
5 DEG C/min, Range of measuring temp is room temperature to 650 DEG C.
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| CN201510781761.XA CN105401083B (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | High temperature solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe sealing alloy and its preparation and application |
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| US3954509A (en) * | 1974-05-02 | 1976-05-04 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Method of producing low expansion alloys |
| CN87101657A (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1988-11-30 | 清华大学 | Seal alloy of resistance to silver soldering brittleness |
| CN1200409A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-12-02 | 陕西钢铁研究所 | Low cobalt enamel sealed iron-nickel-cobalt alloy |
| CN1498982A (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-26 | 丁文凯 | Glass sealing alloy |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5651555A (en) * | 1979-10-03 | 1981-05-09 | Toshiba Corp | Dumet wire |
| WO2003010352A1 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-02-06 | Crs Holdings, Inc. | FREE-MACHINING Fe-Ni-Co ALLOY |
-
2015
- 2015-11-13 CN CN201510781761.XA patent/CN105401083B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3954509A (en) * | 1974-05-02 | 1976-05-04 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Method of producing low expansion alloys |
| CN87101657A (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1988-11-30 | 清华大学 | Seal alloy of resistance to silver soldering brittleness |
| CN1200409A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-12-02 | 陕西钢铁研究所 | Low cobalt enamel sealed iron-nickel-cobalt alloy |
| CN1498982A (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-26 | 丁文凯 | Glass sealing alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 合金元素对FeNiCo合金热膨胀性能影响研究;杨正;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑，B022-18》;20131215;正文第10页、19页、21页、22页、29页、31-33页、38页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20190816 Address after: 101407 Beijing city Huairou District Yanqi Economic Development Zone Branch Hing Street No. 11 Patentee after: Research Institute of engineering and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100088 Beijing city Xicheng District Xinjiekou Avenue No. 2 Patentee before: General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals |