CN105397266A - Explosive welding method for pre-processing rare and precious metal composite plate through severe surface deformation - Google Patents
Explosive welding method for pre-processing rare and precious metal composite plate through severe surface deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105397266A CN105397266A CN201510973090.7A CN201510973090A CN105397266A CN 105397266 A CN105397266 A CN 105397266A CN 201510973090 A CN201510973090 A CN 201510973090A CN 105397266 A CN105397266 A CN 105397266A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
- B23K20/08—Explosive welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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Abstract
The invention provides an explosive welding method for pre-processing a rare and precious metal composite plate through severe surface deformation. The method includes the following steps that a base material and a composite material are determined, a connecting face of the base material and the composite material is cleaned and processed, severe deformation processing is performed on the connecting face, the connecting face is baked, roughness processing is performed on the connecting face, leveling processing of the connecting face is performed, and explosion welding and cladding and follow-up repair welding, leveling, edge cutting and mechanical polishing are performed, wherein a severe deformation processing method includes rolling, mechanical grinding, mechanical impacting, shot blasting or sand blasting. Before explosive cladding, the severe surface deformation processing is performed on the base material and the composite material, the connecting face can be of a multi-stage micro structure in different sizes, and the defect that cracks and the like happen easily in the explosive cladding process of rare and precious metal can be reduced; and besides, the severe surface deformation induces a large number of crystal structure defects, intermetallic compounds can be reduced, and the interface binding strength is remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosion welding method of rare precious metal composite plate, particularly relate to the explosive welding preparation method of the pretreated rare precious metal composite plate of the surperficial drastic mechanical deformation of a kind of process, belong to composite metal plate manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Explosion composite is a kind of is the energy with explosive, plied timber is high speed inclined impact parent metal under Explosion Loading, after the point of impingement forms layer of metal melting zone, quick cooling, moment the metallurgically strong metalworking technology linked together, it is applicable to intermiscibility intermetallic, non-compatibility property intermetallic, the intermetallic that fusing point differs greatly, the intermetallic that thermal coefficient of expansion differs greatly and large intermetallic of difference in hardness are connected, sheet material compound and the compound ratio in a big way of different area size can be realized in theory, it is the ideal method of attachment of large-area metal compound, the metallurgical binding of high strength can be realized, there is excellent application performance and cycling processability.Therefore, due to the advantage that these other interconnection techniques do not have, Explosion composite is more and more extensive in the application of the industrial circles such as Aero-Space, petrochemical industry, nuclear power, salt manufacturing alkaline.
At present, by controlling explosive parameter, gap parameter, foundation parameter, welding material optimization etc., Explosion composite technology has been applicable to stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, copper alloy etc., and its explosive clad plate quality is good, and defect is less, and technology maturity is higher.But for rare precious metal, as zirconium, tantalum etc., crisp hard intermetallic compound is easily formed when explosive welding, and boundary wave is comparatively large even broken without interface, reduce composite plate bond strength, in addition, rare precious metal and parent metal boundary strength (or hardness) are significantly higher than substrate and compound plate, cause the anti-shearing stress of its composite plate to reduce, rupture a lot of in interface.Current rare precious metal explosive clad plate is confined to the preparation of industrialization of the rare precious metal composite plate that area size is less, thickness is thicker, because the explosion welding technique control difficulty of large area and (surpassing) thin plate rare precious metal explosive clad plate is larger, more easily cause the phenomenons such as rare precious metal plate punctures, composite plate interface bond strength is low, strongly limit the explosive welding suitability for industrialized production of large area and (surpassing) thin plate rare precious metal, rare precious metal is caused to waste serious, production efficiency significantly reduces, and manufactures this increase.
Disclose a kind of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel Explosive Welding Composite Plates in Chinese utility model patent CN201427421Y on March 24th, 2010, from closely forming composite plate to Explosion composite titanium plate far away, zirconium plate and tantalum plate on steel plate, zirconium plate and titanium plate, as the transition zone between tantalum plate and steel plate, can prepare the composite plate that plate width size reaches 1850mmX3250mm (LXW).But this explosion welding method adopts zirconium/titanium doubling plate to be transition zone, significantly increases cost, and increase technological process, production efficiency reduces.
Disclose the explosion welding method of a kind of zirconium-steel clad steel plate in Chinese invention patent CN102962579A on March 13rd, 2013, adopt spot welding method splicing zirconium plate to meet dimensional requirement in advance, then carry out explosive welding compound.But this method increases technological process obviously, and the zirconium plate side of composite plate is that the welding quality between small size zirconium plate will affect its total quality by being welded to connect between small size zirconium plate.
2014 journal article " research of zirconium steel explosive clad plate interface waveform affecting parameters " (author: Wang little Xu, Wang Jinxiang, Zhao Zheng, He Yong; Periodical name: Rare Metals Materials and engineering; Number of the edition: 2014,43(3): 682-685) and " transition zone is on the impact of zirconium/steel explosive clad plate shear strength " (author: Wang little Xu, Wang Jinxiang, Zhao Zheng, He Yong; Periodical name: explosion and shock; Number of the edition: 2014,34(6): propose 685-690) to adopt titanium to carry out the explosive welding of small inclination method in the lab as the transition zone of zirconium steel, the formation of compound between the fragile metal of interface can be reduced, obtain continually varying boundary wave.But utilize the zirconium board size of this technology compound still less, and utilize titanium as transition zone, cost improves, and also increases technological process, reduces production efficiency.
Existing achievement in research does not still solve the technical problem that rare precious metal runs in explosive welding process; due to basic unit and the greatest differences of cladding in physics, chemistry and mechanical property etc. of these composite plates; add that the technological factor affecting explosive welding quality is numerous; cause usually there will be some technical problems in explosive welding process; the formation of such as too low combination interface intensity, defect and easily to produce between fragile metal the problems such as compound, these problems still need the experimental data of deep research and system to solve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of explosion welding method of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate is provided, solve the low easy defective technical problem of composite plate combination interface intensity of explosive welding in prior art.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of explosion welding method of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate, comprises the following steps:
Step one, determine base material and multiple material, base material comprises carbon steel, steel alloy, aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy, and multiple material is that rare precious metal comprises titanium, zirconium, tantalum or tungsten;
Step 2, carries out cleaning to base material and the joint face of multiple material;
Step 3, carries out drastic mechanical deformation process to base material and the joint face of multiple material;
Step 4, carries out baking to base material with the joint face of multiple material and processes;
Step 5, carries out roughness process to base material and the joint face of multiple material;
Step 6, carries out smoothing to base material with the joint face of multiple material and processes;
Step 7, explosive welding, makes base material complete to weld with multiple material joint face and form composite plate;
Step 8, subsequent treatment, carries out repair welding, smoothing, trimming, machine glazed finish process to composite plate.
Further, in described step 2, cleaning process is, roughly grinds respectively, fine grinding to base material and multiple material joint face, more surperficial to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer with dust technology/dilute hydrochloric acid solution etch, then uses clean water.
Further, in described step 3, drastic mechanical deformation processing method comprises roll extrusion, mechanical lapping, mechanical shock, shot-peening or sandblasting.Wherein rolling technology parameter is, the single roll extrusion degree of depth 0.1 ~ 0.3mm, roll extrusion 3 ~ 7 times, rolling speed 25 ~ 55m/min; Shot-blast process parameter is, steel ball size 1 ~ 3mm, shot-peening speed 60 ~ 90m/s, same position shot-peening time 2 ~ 5s, its coverage rate 200%; Processing parameter is, bullet diameter is 1 ~ 5mm, and system vibrational frequency is 35 ~ 65Hz, same position processing time 3 ~ 8s; Blasting craft parameter is, sand bulb diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.7mm, stream pressure 0.2 ~ 0.5Mpa, same position blast time 3 ~ 8s, carries out mechanical shock process after blasting treatment, impact process parameter is, impacting end radius of curvature is 1 ~ 5mm, attack time 10 ~ 30min, and impact energy is 1.5 ~ 4.5J, impact speed is 30 ~ 70 times/second, same position bump 1 ~ 4s.
Further, in described step 4, baking treatment conditions are, base material baking temperature 300 ~ 500 DEG C, temperature retention time 2 ~ 4 hours, multiple material baking temperature 600 ~ 900 DEG C, temperature retention time 5 ~ 7 hours.
Further, in described step 5, roughness processing procedure is, first polishes, then it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down, and make surface roughness for being less than Ra12.0 μm, surface thickness reduction is not more than 0.3mm.
Further, in described step 6, smoothing result is, base material is all less than 5mm/m with the unevenness of multiple material, and whole plate face unevenness is all less than 12mm/ total length or overall with.
Further, in described step 7, explosive welding processing procedure is, after brushing and matching, arranges explosive, detonating primer, completing blast and connecting, then composite plate stress relief annealing, preparing rare precious metal composite plate base material and multiple material.
Further, described composite plate stress relief annealing process is, composite plate is positioned in vacuum heat treatment furnace 400 ~ 600 DEG C of temperature 3 ~ 6 hours.
Of the present invention
beneficial effectbe,
1, the present invention is prior to before explosive welding complex technique, surperficial drastic mechanical deformation process is carried out to base material and multiple material, make that there is the multistage microstructure of crossing over different scale, rare precious metal Explosion composite can be reduced and easily occur the defects such as crackle, and, surface drastic mechanical deformation brings out a large amount of crystal structure defects, can reduce the generation of intermetallic compound, interface bond strength is significantly improved.
2, the drastic mechanical deformation processing method that the present invention adopts comprises roll extrusion, mechanical lapping, mechanical shock, shot-peening or sandblasting, the hand-holdable operation of these corresponding treatment facilities, also automation mechanized operation can be carried out in conjunction with automation equipment, composite plate size is not limited, its technique is simple, production safety, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is explosion welding method flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of explosion welding method of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate, comprises the following steps:
Step one, determine base material and multiple material, base material comprises carbon steel, steel alloy, aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy, and multiple material is that rare precious metal comprises titanium, zirconium, tantalum or tungsten;
Step 2, carry out cleaning to base material and the joint face of multiple material, cleaning process is, use belt grinder is roughly ground base material and multiple material joint face respectively, fine grinding, use dust technology/dilute hydrochloric acid solution etch surface again, to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer, use clean water subsequently;
Step 3, carry out drastic mechanical deformation process to base material and the joint face of multiple material, drastic mechanical deformation processing method comprises roll extrusion, mechanical lapping, mechanical shock, shot-peening or sandblasting;
Step 4, carries out baking to base material with the joint face of multiple material and process, by base material and answer material joint face and be inverted in respectively and electric boiling plate (silk) carries out baking process;
Step 5, carries out roughness process to base material and the joint face of multiple material, uses belt sander to polish, then it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down, and Roughness Surface on Control is for being less than Ra12.0 μm, and surface thickness reduction is not more than 0.3mm in the process;
Step 6, carries out smoothing to base material with the joint face of multiple material and processes, and make base material and multiple material unevenness be less than 5mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness is less than 12mm/ total length or overall with;
Step 7, explosive welding, after brushing base material and multiple material and matching, arrange explosive, detonating primer, complete Explosion composite, then composite plate to be positioned in vacuum heat treatment furnace insulation at 400 ~ 600 DEG C of temperature within 3 ~ 6 hours, to carry out stress relief annealing, prepare rare precious metal composite plate;
Step 8, subsequent treatment, obtains composite plate finished product after composite plate is carried out repair welding, smoothing, trimming, machine glazed finish.
Prior to before explosive welding complex technique in method provided by the invention, surperficial drastic mechanical deformation process is carried out to base material and multiple material, the joint face surface utilizing surperficial drastic mechanical deformation technology to bring out base material and multiple material in explosive clad plate forms superfine gradient microstructure, base material and multiple material joint face is made to have the multistage microstructure of crossing over different scale, when being subject to impacting with high pressure effect, the institutional framework of adjacent different scale pins down mutually, show more outstanding mechanical property, thus easily there is the defects such as crackle in minimizing rare precious metal Explosion composite, and, surface drastic mechanical deformation brings out a large amount of crystal structure defects, as room, dislocation, crystal boundary etc., these crystal structure defects have to be beneficial to and promote displacement, the generation of the solid solution phases such as gap, thus reduce the generation of intermetallic compound, and, these crystal structure defects are conducive to the metallic element phase counterdiffusion promoting that Explosive Cladding Interface both sides crystal structure difference is large, react to each other, more be conducive to metallurgical binding, composite plate interface bond strength is significantly improved.The present invention can prepare the high-quality rare precious metal composite plate that defect is few, interface bond strength is high.
The drastic mechanical deformation processing method that the present invention adopts comprises roll extrusion, mechanical lapping, mechanical shock, shot-peening or sandblasting, the hand-holdable operation of these corresponding treatment facilities, also automation mechanized operation can be carried out in conjunction with automation equipment, composite plate size is not limited, its technique is simple, production safety, with low cost.
Embodiment one
Choosing the Q275 steel plate being of a size of 1700mm × 850mm × 25mm is base material, is of a size of the TC4 titanium alloy sheet of 1780mm × 900mm × 6mm for multiple material, adopts ball blasting method to carry out the pretreated explosive welding complication experiment of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation.
First cleaning is carried out to the joint face of base material and multiple material, belt grinder is used to carry out roughly grinding (20 order abrasive band), fine grinding (120 order abrasive band) respectively the joint face of Q275 steel plate and TC4 titanium alloy sheet, remove surface corrosion or oxide etc., use dilute nitric acid solution etch surface again, to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer, rinse with clear water subsequently; Then respectively bead is carried out to Q275 steel plate and TC4 titanium alloy sheet surface, shot-blast process parameter is, steel ball size 1 ~ 3mm, shot-peening speed 60 ~ 90m/s, same position shot-peening time 2 ~ 5s, best results when technological parameter is preferably steel ball size 2mm, shot-peening speed 80m/s, same position shot-peening time 3s, its coverage rate 200%; Then carry out baking process, Q275 steel plate deformation pretreatment face be inverted in electrical heating wire carries out 300 DEG C at insulation 4 hours baking process, at TC4 titanium alloy sheet deformation pretreatment face is inverted in and electrical heating wire carries out 600 DEG C be incubated 7 hours baking process; After Q275 sheet material and TC4 titanium alloy sheet cool, use belt sander surface to polish, then it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down, surface thickness reduction is about 0.2mm, and surface roughness is Ra9.0 μm; Carry out Q275 steel plate and TC4 titanium alloy sheet again to smooth and process, Q275 sheet material unevenness is 5mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness 12mm/ total length; TC4 titanium alloy sheet unevenness is 4mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness is 10mm/ total length; Subsequently Q275 steel plate and TC4 titanium alloy sheet are matched, then by TC4 titanium alloy sheet external coating waterglass or with lithium saponify intermixture, keep the bearing height between Q275 sheet material and TC4 titanium alloy sheet to be 2mm; At the even explosive of TC4 titanium alloy sheet outer surface, thickness is 7mm, density is 0.65g/cm
3, by cap sensitive, explosion velocity is 2800mm/s, and under high brake pressure, the joint face of Q275 sheet material and TC4 titanium alloy sheet is bonded together, then composite plate is positioned over 400 DEG C of insulations in vacuum heat treatment furnace within 6 hours, carries out stress relief annealing.After this, by composite plate roll-in smoothing on nine roller levelling machines, carry out plasma cut after reaching requirement, cut surface is vertical with plate face, composite plate surrounding cut surface is smooth, smooth, namely obtains composite plate finished product after using sized flap wheel to carry out polishing or acid wash passivation to composite plate multi-layer.
Embodiment two
Choosing the TU1 copper coin being of a size of 1000mm × 550mm × 20mm is base material, is of a size of the pure tungsten plate of 1100mm × 600mm × 10mm for multiple material, adopts mechanical grinding method to carry out the pretreated explosive welding complication experiment of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation.
First cleaning is carried out to the joint face of base material and multiple material, belt grinder is used to carry out roughly grinding (20 order abrasive band), fine grinding (120 order abrasive band) respectively base material TU1 copper coin and the joint face of multiple material pure tungsten plate, remove surface corrosion or oxide etc., use dilute hydrochloric acid solution etch surface again, to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer, rinse with clear water subsequently; Then the TU1 copper coin crossed of effects on surface pre-clean processes and pure tungsten plate carry out mechanical lapping process respectively, processing parameter is, sintered state zirconia ball bullet diameter is 1 ~ 5mm, system vibrational frequency is 35 ~ 65Hz, same position processing time 3 ~ 8s, technological parameter is preferably that bullet diameter is 3mm, system vibrational frequency is 50Hz, same position processing time 5s time best results; After the severe plastic deformation process of surface, TU1 copper coin deformation pretreatment face be inverted in electrical heating wire carries out 350 DEG C at insulation baking process in 3 hours, be incubated baking in 5 hours at pure tungsten plate deformation pretreatment face is inverted in and electrical heating wire carries out 900 DEG C and process; After TU1 copper coin and pure tungsten plate cool, use belt sander surface to polish, then it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down, surface thickness reduction is about 0.16mm, and surface roughness is Ra7.8 μm; Carry out TU1 copper coin and pure tungsten plate again to smooth and process, TU1 copper coin unevenness is 4mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness 9mm/ total length; Pure tungsten plate unevenness is 5mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness is 12mm/ total length; Subsequently TU1 copper coin and pure tungsten plate are matched, then will answer material external coating waterglass or with lithium saponify intermixture, keep the bearing height between TU1 copper coin and multiple material to be 2mm; At the even explosive of pure tungsten plate outer surface, thickness is 8mm, density is 0.65g/cm
3, by cap sensitive, explosion velocity is 2800mm/s, and under high brake pressure, the joint face of TU1 copper coin and pure tungsten plate is bonded together, then composite plate is positioned over 600 DEG C of insulations in vacuum heat treatment furnace within 3 hours, carries out stress relief annealing.After this, by composite plate roll-in smoothing on nine roller levelling machines, carry out plasma cut after reaching requirement, cut surface is vertical with plate face, composite plate surrounding cut surface is smooth, smooth, namely obtains rare precious metal composite plate finished product after using sized flap wheel to carry out polishing or acid wash passivation to composite plate multi-layer.
Embodiment three
Choosing the 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate being of a size of 1200mm × 600mm × 15mm is base material, and the pure zirconium plate of size 1300mm × 650mm × 5mm is multiple material, adopts sandblasting and mechanical shock method to carry out the pretreated explosive welding complication experiment of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation.
First cleaning is carried out to the joint face of base material and multiple material, belt grinder is used to carry out roughly grinding (20 order abrasive band), fine grinding (120 order abrasive band) respectively the joint face of base material 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate and pure zirconium plate, remove surface corrosion or oxide etc., use dilute nitric acid solution etch surface again, to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer, rinse with clear water subsequently, then the 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate of effects on surface pre-clean processes and pure zirconium plate carry out sandblasting and mechanical shock process respectively, blasting craft parameter is, SiC sand bulb diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.7mm, stream pressure 0.2 ~ 0.5Mpa, same position blast time 3 ~ 8s, it is 0.5mm that technological parameter is preferably SiC sand bulb diameter, stream pressure 0.3Mpa, best results during same position blast time 5s, mechanical shock process is carried out after blasting treatment, its process conditions are, impacting end radius of curvature is 1 ~ 5mm, attack time 10 ~ 30min, impact energy is 1.5 ~ 4.5J, impact speed is 30 ~ 70 times/second, same position bump 1 ~ 4s, it is 4mm that technological parameter preferably impacts end radius of curvature, attack time 15min, impact energy is 3J, impact speed be 50 times/second and same position bump 2s time best results, sandblasting and mechanical shock single process also can complete drastic mechanical deformation process, combination two procedures completes the drastic mechanical deformation better processing effect of base material and multiple material joint face, after the severe plastic deformation process of surface, 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate deformation pretreatment face be inverted in electrical heating wire carries out 500 DEG C at insulation baking process in 2 hours, be incubated baking in 6 hours at pure zirconium plate deformation pretreatment face is inverted in and electrical heating wire carries out 850 DEG C and process.After 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate and pure zirconium plate cool, use belt sander surface to polish, then it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down, surface thickness reduction is about 0.15mm, and surface roughness is Ra9.7 μm; Carry out 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate and pure zirconium plate again to smooth and process: 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate unevenness is 4mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness 9mm/ total length; Multiple material unevenness is 4mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness is 10mm/ total length; Subsequently 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate and pure zirconium plate are matched, then by pure zirconium plate external coating waterglass or with lithium saponify intermixture, keep the bearing height between 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate and multiple material to be 2mm; At the even explosive of multiple material outer surface, thickness is 7.5mm, density is 0.65g/cm
3, by cap sensitive, explosion velocity is 2800mm/s, and under high brake pressure, the joint face of 0Cr13 corrosion resistant plate and pure zirconium plate is bonded together, then composite plate is positioned over 500 DEG C of insulations in vacuum heat treatment furnace within 4 hours, carries out stress relief annealing.After this, by composite plate roll-in smoothing on nine roller levelling machines, carry out plasma cut after reaching requirement, cut surface is vertical with plate face, composite plate surrounding cut surface is smooth, smooth, namely obtains rare precious metal composite plate finished product after using sized flap wheel to carry out polishing or acid wash passivation to composite plate multi-layer.
Embodiment four
Choosing LF6 aluminium alloy plate is base material, and pure tantalum plate is multiple material, adopts rolling depression method to carry out the pretreated explosive welding complication experiment of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation.
First cleaning is carried out to the joint face of base material and multiple material, belt grinder is used to carry out roughly grinding (20 order abrasive band), fine grinding (120 order abrasive band) respectively the joint face of the base material LF6 aluminium alloy plate of size 900mm × 450mm × 30mm and the pure tantalum plate of the multiple material of size 950mm × 500mm × 4mm, remove surface corrosion or oxide etc., use dilute hydrochloric acid solution etch surface again, to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer, rinse with clear water subsequently; Then the LF6 aluminium alloy plate of effects on surface pre-clean processes and pure tantalum plate carry out roll extrusion process respectively, rolling technology parameter is, the single roll extrusion degree of depth 0.1 ~ 0.3mm, roll extrusion 3 ~ 7 times, rolling speed 25 ~ 55m/min, best results when technological parameter is preferably single roll extrusion degree of depth 0.15mm, roll extrusion 5 times, rolling speed 40m/min; After the severe plastic deformation process of surface, LF6 aluminium alloy plate deformation pretreatment face be inverted in electrical heating wire carries out 350 DEG C at insulation baking process in 4 hours, be incubated baking in 6.5 hours at pure tantalum plate deformation pretreatment face is inverted in and electrical heating wire carries out 800 DEG C and process.After LF6 aluminium alloy plate and pure tantalum plate cool, use belt sander surface to polish, then it is bright and clean to carry out rubbing down, surface thickness reduction is about 0.12mm, and surface roughness is Ra9.4 μm.Carry out LF6 aluminium alloy plate and pure tantalum plate again to smooth and process: LF6 aluminium alloy plate unevenness is 3mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness 8mm/ total length; Pure tantalum plate unevenness is 4mm/m, and whole plate face unevenness is 11mm/ total length.Subsequently LF6 aluminium alloy plate and pure tantalum plate are matched, then will answer material external coating waterglass or with lithium saponify intermixture, keep the bearing height between base material and multiple material to be 2mm.At the even explosive of pure tantalum plate outer surface, thickness is 7.8mm, density is 0.65g/cm
3, by cap sensitive, explosion velocity is 2800mm/s, and under high brake pressure, the joint face of LF6 aluminium alloy plate and pure tantalum plate is bonded together, then composite plate is positioned over 450 DEG C of insulations in vacuum heat treatment furnace within 5 hours, carries out stress relief annealing.After this, by composite plate roll-in smoothing on nine roller levelling machines, carry out plasma cut after reaching requirement, cut surface is vertical with plate face, composite plate surrounding cut surface is smooth, smooth, namely obtains rare precious metal composite plate finished product after using sized flap wheel to carry out polishing or acid wash passivation to composite plate multi-layer.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an explosion welding method for surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, determine base material and multiple material, base material comprises carbon steel, steel alloy, aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy, and multiple material is that rare precious metal comprises titanium, zirconium, tantalum or tungsten;
Step 2, carries out cleaning to base material and the joint face of multiple material;
Step 3, carries out drastic mechanical deformation process to base material and the joint face of multiple material;
Step 4, carries out baking to base material with the joint face of multiple material and processes;
Step 5, carries out roughness process to base material and the joint face of multiple material;
Step 6, carries out smoothing to base material with the joint face of multiple material and processes;
Step 7, explosive welding, makes base material complete to weld with multiple material joint face and form composite plate;
Step 8, subsequent treatment, carries out repair welding, smoothing, trimming and machine glazed finish process to composite plate.
2. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, cleaning process is, respectively base material and multiple material joint face are roughly ground, fine grinding, surperficial to eliminate connecting surface hardened layer with dust technology/dilute hydrochloric acid solution etch again, then use clean water.
3. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, drastic mechanical deformation processing method comprises roll extrusion, mechanical lapping, mechanical shock, shot-peening or sandblasting.
4. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, rolling technology parameter is, the single roll extrusion degree of depth 0.1 ~ 0.3mm, rolling times 3 ~ 7 times, rolling speed 25 ~ 55m/min.
5. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, shot-blast process parameter is, steel ball size 1 ~ 3mm, shot-peening speed 60 ~ 90m/s, same position shot-peening time 2 ~ 5s, coverage rate 200%.
6. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, processing parameter is, bullet diameter is 1 ~ 5mm, and system vibrational frequency is 35 ~ 65Hz, same position processing time 3 ~ 8s.
7. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, blasting craft parameter is, sand bulb diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.7mm, stream pressure 0.2 ~ 0.5Mpa, same position blast time 3 ~ 8s, mechanical shock process is carried out after blasting treatment, impact process parameter is, impacting end radius of curvature is 1 ~ 5mm, attack time 10 ~ 30min, and impact energy is 1.5 ~ 4.5J, impact speed is 30 ~ 70 times/second, same position bump 1 ~ 4s.
8. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4, baking treatment conditions are, base material baking temperature 300 ~ 500 DEG C, temperature retention time 2 ~ 4 hours, multiple material baking temperature 600 ~ 900 DEG C, temperature retention time 5 ~ 7 hours.
9. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 5, roughness processing procedure is, first polish, carry out rubbing down brighter and cleaner, make surface roughness for being less than Ra12.0 μm, surface thickness reduction is not more than 0.3mm.
10. the explosion welding method of a kind of surperficial drastic mechanical deformation pretreatment rare precious metal composite plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 7, explosive welding processing procedure is, after base material and multiple material are brushed and matching, arrange explosive, detonating primer, completing blast and connecting, again composite plate to be positioned in vacuum heat treatment furnace in 400 ~ 600 DEG C of temperature, 3 ~ 6 hours stress relief annealings, to prepare rare precious metal composite plate.
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| CN107052350A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method for connecting tungsten material and copper material |
| CN108588375A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-28 | 南京金创有色金属科技发展有限公司 | A kind of zirconium-titanium-carbon steel three-layer composite board heat treatment process |
| CN113787249A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-14 | 舞钢神州重工金属复合材料有限公司 | Explosive welding method for large-size metal composite plate |
| CN114799727A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-29 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Novel process for rolling and repairing cracks on surface of copper plate of crystallizer |
| WO2023060899A1 (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-04-20 | 河南科技大学 | Modular metal-based composite material and method for manufacturing same |
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| CN114799727A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-29 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Novel process for rolling and repairing cracks on surface of copper plate of crystallizer |
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