CN105388351A - HVDC line corona current measuring system used in high-altitude area - Google Patents
HVDC line corona current measuring system used in high-altitude area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105388351A CN105388351A CN201510685694.1A CN201510685694A CN105388351A CN 105388351 A CN105388351 A CN 105388351A CN 201510685694 A CN201510685694 A CN 201510685694A CN 105388351 A CN105388351 A CN 105388351A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- module
- temperature
- corona current
- terminal system
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Measuring current only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/30—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature
- G05D23/303—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature using a sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. thermistor
- G05D23/306—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature using a sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. thermistor using semiconductor devices
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于高海拔地区的高压直流线路电晕电流测量系统，包括远程端子系统和本地端子系统；远程端子系统设置在高海拔直流输电线侧，本地端子系统设置在上级控制中心；远程端子系统包括分别与综合控制处理模块连接的电晕电流采集模块、湿度检测模块和温控模块；本地端子系统包括数据综合处理平台；综合控制处理模块通过光纤与数据综合处理平台连接。与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种用于高海拔地区的高压直流线路电晕电流测量系统，可以适应高海拔地区低温条件下的电晕电流测量工作，其远程端子系统内部温度可控，既保证了测量系统的稳定运行，也可延长系统的工作时间。
The present invention provides a high-voltage DC line corona current measurement system for high-altitude areas, including a remote terminal system and a local terminal system; the remote terminal system is set on the side of the high-altitude DC transmission line, and the local terminal system is set at the superior control center The remote terminal system includes a corona current acquisition module, a humidity detection module and a temperature control module respectively connected to the integrated control processing module; the local terminal system includes a data integrated processing platform; the integrated control processing module is connected to the data integrated processing platform through an optical fiber. Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-voltage DC line corona current measurement system for high-altitude areas, which can adapt to the corona current measurement work under low-temperature conditions in high-altitude areas, and the internal temperature of the remote terminal system can be adjusted. The control not only ensures the stable operation of the measurement system, but also prolongs the working time of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-altitude power transmission line measurement, in particular to a high-voltage direct current line corona current measurement system for a high-altitude area.
Background
The ultra-high voltage transmission is developed on the basis of ultra-high voltage transmission, can realize long-distance and large-capacity transmission of electric energy, and is suitable for interconnection of large-area power grids. Different from the ultra-high voltage alternating current transmission, the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission has lower line cost and lower power loss and is more suitable for electric energy transmission in an ultra-long distance.
The source of problems related to the electromagnetic environment is mostly corona discharge, and the generation of space radiation electromagnetic field by corona current is radio interference; the corona produces ions with high speed, which causes air compression and audible noise, and the dc line corona produces space charge and thus space electric field. Therefore, the corona current, which reveals the electromagnetic environment parameters and the nature of the corona discharge, must be intensively studied. The corona discharge belongs to random pulse discharge and has a wide frequency spectrum. In engineering, the electromagnetic environment parameters such as radio interference and the like are generally measured to be more than 30 MHz. From a research point of view, a wider frequency domain needs to be considered. Therefore, an all-weather broadband corona current testing means is required, and necessary conditions are provided for researching corona current characteristics of ultra-high voltage lines and alternating current and direct current transmission lines which are erected in a mixed mode in different altitudes and different climatic environments in the future.
Corona loss and environmental effect caused by corona are two key problems to be solved in direct current transmission engineering, corona current is physical quantity directly related to the corona loss and the environmental effect, and is the most direct physical quantity for representing line corona discharge conditions, and basis can be provided for improving the wire configuration of an ultra-high voltage transmission line by researching the corona current. Driven by the research needs of corona current, the Chinese institute of electrical science and technology and Beijing university of aerospace have successfully developed a sampling sensor with a frequency band response of 30MHz, and the southern power grid technology research center and Qinghua university have developed a corona current measurement system with a bandwidth of 50MHz, but no measurement system for high-altitude regions, especially regions with an altitude of more than 2000 m.
When determining the structure of the conductor of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line, not only the resistance loss when the current passes through the conductor but also the corona loss needs to be considered. At present, a plurality of direct current lines are used in high-altitude areas (the altitude of a brocade-Sunan +/-800 kV direct current engineering approach is up to 3600m, the altitude of a Qinghai-Tibet direct current line approach is up to 5300m, and the Jundong-Sichuan +/-1100 kV direct current engineering also passes through the areas with the altitudes exceeding 3000 m), and the corona of the direct current transmission line in the high-altitude areas is more serious than that in the low-altitude areas. The corona problem of the high-altitude direct current transmission line is not systematically researched internationally. In addition, under some special conditions, the weather of the direct current line passing through the region is very bad, and if the proportion of rain, snow, frost and fog is large all year round, the proportion of corona loss in the total loss of the line is correspondingly increased. The method has the advantages that the corona loss of the power transmission line is measured and evaluated, and the method has important guiding significance on line design and economic operation. The corona loss is one of important contents of economic analysis in the design of the power transmission line, but the corona loss of the high-altitude direct-current power transmission line cannot be estimated at present, and a corresponding measurement system is not available.
Extreme cold weather may occur in high altitude areas, and the duration is long, which has a great influence on the performance of the measuring equipment, especially the power supply capacity of a lithium battery of a power supply system, so that a new requirement is put forward on the environmental adaptability of the whole corona current measuring system. Aiming at the problems of large temperature difference change, extremely low temperature environment and the like in a high altitude area, corresponding environment adaptability design is needed, so that the electronic measurement system can normally work in an extreme environment of the high altitude area, and the high-voltage direct current line corona current measurement system suitable for the high altitude area needs to be further developed.
Disclosure of Invention
To meet the needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a high voltage direct current line corona current measurement system for use in high altitude areas.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the corona current measurement system comprises a remote terminal system and a local terminal system; the remote terminal system is arranged on the high-altitude direct-current transmission line side, and the local terminal system is arranged in the upper-level control center;
the remote terminal system comprises a corona current acquisition module, a humidity detection module and a temperature control module which are respectively connected with the comprehensive control processing module; the local terminal system comprises a data comprehensive processing platform; the comprehensive control processing module is connected with the data comprehensive processing platform through an optical fiber.
Preferably, the corona current collecting module comprises an ultrahigh voltage direct current line wide frequency domain corona current sensor for collecting a corona current signal of the direct current line;
preferably, the temperature control module comprises a temperature sensor, a temperature comprehensive control module and a heating module;
the temperature sensor collects a temperature signal T inside the remote terminal system and sends the temperature signal T to the temperature comprehensive control module;
the temperature comprehensive control module drives the heating module to heat according to the temperature signal T and a temperature control target instruction sent by the comprehensive control processing module;
preferably, the power output gears of the heating module comprise a high heating gear and a low heating gear;
when the temperature signal T > ThWhen the temperature is detected, the temperature comprehensive control module does not send a heating instruction to the heating module;
when the temperature signal T isl＜T＜ThWhen the temperature is detected, the temperature comprehensive control module sends a low heating gear instruction to the heating module;
when the temperature signal T is less than TlWhen the temperature is detected, the temperature comprehensive control module sends a high heating gear instruction to the heating module;
wherein, ThAnd TlRespectively setting a preset upper temperature limit and a preset lower temperature limit;
preferably, the temperature control module further comprises a heat preservation and insulation sealing layer; the insulating and heat-insulating sealing layer is arranged inside the shell of the remote terminal system;
preferably, the humidity detection module comprises a humidity sensor and a humidity measurement plate;
the humidity sensor is used for acquiring a humidity signal in the remote terminal system and sending the humidity signal to the humidity measuring plate;
the humidity measuring board converts the humidity signal from analog quantity to digital quantity and sends the digital quantity to the comprehensive control processing module;
preferably, the data comprehensive processing platform comprises a storage module and a human-computer display module;
the storage module is used for storing the corona current signal, the temperature signal and the humidity signal which are sent by the remote terminal system;
the man-machine display module is used for displaying the corona current signal, the temperature signal and the humidity signal and controlling the temperature of the remote terminal system;
preferably, the remote end subsystem and the local end subsystem both comprise optical fiber insulators, so that the remote end subsystem and the local end subsystem are connected through optical fibers;
and the comprehensive control processing module sends the corona current signal, the temperature signal and the humidity signal to the data comprehensive processing platform through optical fibers.
Compared with the closest prior art, the excellent effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the corona current measuring system for the high-voltage direct-current line in the high-altitude area can adapt to the corona current measurement work under the shading condition of the high-altitude area, the internal temperature of a remote terminal system is controllable, the stable operation of the measuring system is ensured, and the working time of the system is prolonged as much as possible through program control;
2. according to the high-voltage direct current line corona current measuring system for the high-altitude area, the shell of the remote terminal system heats the heat-insulating layer, the number of heating modules is reduced, and the energy consumption of the measuring system is reduced;
3. the corona current measuring system for the high-voltage direct current line in the high-altitude area adopts the optical fiber to transmit the measured data, and is not easily influenced by the external complex electromagnetic environment.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1: the structural schematic diagram of a corona current measuring system of a high-voltage direct-current line used in a high-altitude area in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2: the temperature control module in the embodiment of the invention is in a schematic structure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment of the corona current measurement system for the high-voltage direct current line in the high-altitude area, provided by the invention, is shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following steps: the corona current measurement system includes a remote terminal system and a local terminal system.
Remote terminal system
The remote terminal system is arranged on the side of the high-altitude direct-current transmission line and used for collecting corona current of the high-altitude direct-current transmission line. The remote terminal system comprises a corona current acquisition module, a humidity detection module, a temperature control module and an optical fiber transmission module which are respectively connected with the comprehensive control processing module.
1. Corona current collecting module
The corona current acquisition module in this embodiment includes the wide frequency domain corona current sensor of extra-high voltage direct current circuit, gathers direct current circuit's corona current signal.
2. Temperature control module
The temperature control module is mainly used for ensuring the regulation of the internal temperature of the remote terminal system under the extremely cold condition and ensuring that the temperature of the remote terminal system is suitable for normal work of other modules, particularly power supply modules. As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature control module comprises a temperature sensor, a temperature integrated control module, a heating module and a heat preservation and insulation sealing layer.
(1) Temperature sensor
In this embodiment, the temperature sensor collects the temperature signal T inside the remote terminal system and sends the temperature signal T to the temperature integrated control module.
(2) Temperature integrated control module
In this embodiment, the temperature integrated control module drives the heating module to heat according to the temperature signal T and the temperature control target instruction issued by the integrated control processing module.
(3) Heating module
In this embodiment, the heating module employs a direct-current heating pipe. The direct-current heating pipe can be directly powered by a direct-current power supply of the system and works according to the instruction of the temperature comprehensive control module. The heating pipe has a high heating gear and a low heating gear, and is simple to control. Meanwhile, the heating module can also adopt resistance wire heating or other modes such as xenon lamp heating and the like. Wherein,
the power output gears of the heating module comprise a high heating gear and a low heating gear:
① when the temperature signal T > ThWhen the temperature is detected, the temperature comprehensive control module does not send a heating instruction to the heating module;
② when the temperature signal T isl＜T＜ThWhen the temperature control module is started, the temperature comprehensive control module sends a low-grade heating instruction to the heating module;
③ when the temperature signal T is less than TlWhen the temperature control module is started, the temperature comprehensive control module sends a high heating gear instruction to the heating module;
wherein, ThAnd TlRespectively a preset upper temperature limit and a preset lower temperature limit.
In this embodiment, T is seth5 ℃ and Tl＝-5℃。
(4) Heat-preserving and heat-insulating sealing layer
In the embodiment, the heat preservation and insulation sealing layer is arranged; the insulating heat seal layer is disposed inside a housing of the remote terminal system. The heat preservation and insulation sealing layer is made of heat preservation and insulation materials, so that better environmental adaptability can be provided, the use of a temperature control module is reduced, the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced, and the working time is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the medium temperature control module drives the heating module to heat according to the received temperature control target instruction and the temperature signal, that is, the closed-loop automatic control program is adopted to complete temperature adjustment.
3. Humidity detection module
The humidity detection module in this embodiment includes a humidity sensor and a humidity measurement board. Wherein,
and the humidity sensor is used for acquiring a humidity signal inside the remote terminal system and sending the humidity signal to the humidity measuring plate.
The humidity measurement board converts the analog quantity of the humidity signal measured by the humidity sensor into digital quantity, and then the digital quantity is directly connected to the comprehensive control processing module, and the comprehensive control processing module sends the humidity value and the corona current signal to the local terminal system through the optical fiber.
4. Integrated control processing module
In this embodiment, the integrated control processing module is configured to receive output signals of the corona current collecting module, the humidity detecting module, and the temperature control module, perform data conversion on the output signals, and finally transmit the data-converted electrical signals to the optical fiber transmission module to be converted into optical signals, so as to transmit the optical signals to the local terminal system through the optical fiber transmission module, and perform power supply control on each module.
Second, local terminal system
The local terminal system is arranged in the superior control center and comprises a data comprehensive processing platform. The comprehensive control processing module is connected with the data comprehensive processing platform through an optical fiber. The data comprehensive processing platform restores the received electric signals into corona current data, temperature detection data and humidity detection data, and realizes the processing of the corona current data and the temperature control of a remote terminal system.
The data comprehensive processing platform in the embodiment comprises a storage module and a man-machine display module;
the method comprises the following steps: and the storage module is used for storing the corona current signal, the temperature signal and the humidity signal which are sent by the remote terminal system.
Secondly, the step of: and the man-machine display module is used for displaying the corona current signal, the temperature signal and the humidity signal and controlling the temperature of the remote terminal system.
In this embodiment, the remote end subsystem and the local end subsystem both include optical fiber insulators, so that the two are connected through optical fibers.
Finally, it should be noted that: the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510685694.1A CN105388351A (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2015-10-21 | HVDC line corona current measuring system used in high-altitude area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510685694.1A CN105388351A (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2015-10-21 | HVDC line corona current measuring system used in high-altitude area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105388351A true CN105388351A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
Family
ID=55420849
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510685694.1A Pending CN105388351A (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2015-10-21 | HVDC line corona current measuring system used in high-altitude area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105388351A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254230A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-22 | 海南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of drawer type intelligentized control method corona unit and control method |
| CN116953451A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-27 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Test system and test method for negative polarity corona discharge |
| CN117347681A (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-01-05 | 中铁武汉电气化设计研究院有限公司 | DC resistance tester |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201004258Y (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-01-09 | 辛东升 | Leakage cable guard system |
| CN201134163Y (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-10-15 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A corona current measuring device |
| CN103034269A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 天津瑞能电气有限公司 | Temperature and humidity control device used for low temperature plateau type wind turbine generator variable pitch system |
| CN103116056A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2013-05-22 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-voltage direct current broadband domain corona current measurement system |
| CN103440002A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 黑龙江大学 | Remote-operated one-chip microcomputer system for executing heating control |
| CN203786181U (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-08-20 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | On-line monitoring system capable of monitoring grounding current of transformer core in extremely low temperature environment |
| CN204241993U (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-04-01 | 山东斯坦福机电设备有限公司 | Self-control thermostatic switch board |
-
2015
- 2015-10-21 CN CN201510685694.1A patent/CN105388351A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201004258Y (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-01-09 | 辛东升 | Leakage cable guard system |
| CN201134163Y (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-10-15 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A corona current measuring device |
| CN103116056A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2013-05-22 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-voltage direct current broadband domain corona current measurement system |
| CN103034269A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 天津瑞能电气有限公司 | Temperature and humidity control device used for low temperature plateau type wind turbine generator variable pitch system |
| CN103440002A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 黑龙江大学 | Remote-operated one-chip microcomputer system for executing heating control |
| CN203786181U (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-08-20 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | On-line monitoring system capable of monitoring grounding current of transformer core in extremely low temperature environment |
| CN204241993U (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-04-01 | 山东斯坦福机电设备有限公司 | Self-control thermostatic switch board |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254230A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-22 | 海南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of drawer type intelligentized control method corona unit and control method |
| CN116953451A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-27 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Test system and test method for negative polarity corona discharge |
| CN117347681A (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-01-05 | 中铁武汉电气化设计研究院有限公司 | DC resistance tester |
| CN117347681B (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-02-13 | 中铁武汉电气化设计研究院有限公司 | DC resistance tester |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN201247079Y (en) | On-line monitoring device for transmission line | |
| CN202928616U (en) | Transmission line conducting wire icing and galloping on-line monitoring system | |
| CN202612005U (en) | Intelligent deicer of wind velocity indicator for wind generation set | |
| CN106226603B (en) | Corona loss measurement system and method for high-voltage alternating-current transmission line | |
| CN103488140A (en) | On-line touring system of power transmission line | |
| CN202748054U (en) | Power line ice coating on-line monitoring system | |
| CN203811762U (en) | Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) partial discharge monitoring apparatus | |
| CN110988627A (en) | Ultraviolet on-line remote real-time monitoring device for abnormal discharge of power transmission and transformation equipment | |
| CN105388351A (en) | HVDC line corona current measuring system used in high-altitude area | |
| CN202928617U (en) | Transmission line conducting wire icing and galloping on-line monitoring unit | |
| CN105207160A (en) | Resonance deicing device and deicing method for electric power facilities | |
| CN101852825B (en) | A broadband on-line measuring system for corona current of high voltage transmission line | |
| CN206497167U (en) | A kind of electric transmission line isolator leakage current monitoring system based on big-dipper satellite | |
| CN204228204U (en) | A kind of powerline ice-covering on-Line Monitor Device | |
| CN202353096U (en) | Ultrahigh voltage power transmission line remote inspection system | |
| CN115296724B (en) | RDSS-based Beidou communication unmanned area online monitoring system | |
| CN210835297U (en) | Little meteorological monitoring terminal of transmission of electricity tower based on wireless many hops are from network deployment | |
| CN109188092A (en) | Soil dynamic resistance characteristic test method under a kind of different temperatures | |
| CN204439130U (en) | A kind of transmission line status on-line monitoring system | |
| CN209512923U (en) | A kind of visual movable icing on-line monitoring equipment, system and power transmission tower | |
| CN207820091U (en) | A kind of transmission line of electricity takes electric various visual angles monitoring device online | |
| CN204228205U (en) | A kind of insulator leakage current and haze synchronous measuring apparatus | |
| CN202582599U (en) | Photovoltaic power station environment monitoring device integrating solar irradiation apparatus and ultrasonic wave wind speed and direction meter | |
| CN208209624U (en) | A kind of conductor galloping monitoring device | |
| CN207820034U (en) | A kind of transmission line of electricity blocking multifunctional monitoring device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Liu Yuanqing Inventor after: Lv Jianxun Inventor after: Lu Jiayu Inventor after: Yuan Haiwen Inventor after: Liu Hongyu Inventor after: Xin Encheng Inventor after: Wang Qiang Inventor before: Liu Yuanqing Inventor before: Lv Jianxun Inventor before: Lu Jiayu Inventor before: Yuan Haiwen Inventor before: Liu Hongyu Inventor before: Xin Encheng |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20170310 Address after: 100192 Beijing city Haidian District Qinghe small Camp Road No. 15 Applicant after: China Electric Power Research Institute Applicant after: Beihang University Applicant after: State Grid Corporation of China Applicant after: STATE GRID SHANXI ELECTRIC POWER CO., LTD. Address before: 100192 Beijing city Haidian District Qinghe small Camp Road No. 15 Applicant before: China Electric Power Research Institute Applicant before: Beihang University Applicant before: State Grid Corporation of China |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160309 |