CN105388135A - Non-invasive laser scanning imaging method - Google Patents

Non-invasive laser scanning imaging method Download PDF

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CN105388135A
CN105388135A CN201510713840.7A CN201510713840A CN105388135A CN 105388135 A CN105388135 A CN 105388135A CN 201510713840 A CN201510713840 A CN 201510713840A CN 105388135 A CN105388135 A CN 105388135A
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matrix
laser scanning
imaging method
scanning imaging
fluorescence intensity
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CN105388135B (en
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金欣
胡逸夫
戴琼海
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Shenzhen Graduate School Tsinghua University
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Shenzhen Graduate School Tsinghua University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-invasive laser scanning imaging method. The non-invasive laser scanning imaging method comprises the following steps that a scanning angle matrix is divided into at least one division block; for one division block, N lasers which have the same intensity and wavelength but do not interfere mutually are attenuated and then simultaneously irradiate one point on a semi-transparent scattering layer to enable speckles generated by the lasers to penetrate through a fluorescent object to excite fluorescence, and the sum of the exited fluorescence intensity is recorded as an element value of a corresponding row of a column vector, wherein the lasers are attenuated through N elements of each row in a compression sensing measurement matrix; a fluorescence intensity matrix block corresponding to the division block is reconstructed according to the column vector and the compression sensing measurement matrix through a compression sensing signal reconstruction algorithm; all the obtained fluorescence intensity matrix blocks are spiced to obtain a complete fluorescence intensity matrix. According to the non-invasive laser scanning imaging method, the imaging data collecting time can be greatly shortened without influencing the imaging quality.

Description

A kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method
[technical field]
The present invention relates to biomedical imaging field, be specifically related to a kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method.
[background technology]
In the field such as medical imaging, industrial detection, often need to carry out imaging using the foundation as analyzing and diagnosing and detection to the such as micro-structure such as biological tissue cell, industrial chip.But due to these image forming mediums translucent scattering layer often, traditional formation method based on geometrical optics is no longer applicable, except non-demolition scattering layer or the material injecting associated image in scattering layer, but these means easily damage observed object.In recent years, a kind of non-intrusion type formation method based on laser speckle scanning is suggested, it can obtain being hidden under the prerequisite not destroying scattering layer scattering layer object behind clearly as.In this approach, beam of laser is mapped to the fixed position of scattering layer, forms laser speckle and be radiated in the plane at fluorescent object place under scattering process.Drop on fluorescence that the speckle on fluorescent object inspires and be reflected back toward scattering layer and collected, that the fluorescent intensity collected is added up and as the total fluorescence volume of laser under this incident angle.Scanned one by one according to the angle in scanning angle matrix by laser, can obtain corresponding fluorescence intensity matrix, each element value namely in fluorescence intensity matrix is that laser is according to the total fluorescence volume under the angle incidence of corresponding element in scanning angle matrix.Finally can utilize Phase Retrieve Algorithm from fluorescence intensity matrix, recover the picture of object.In this traditional method, in order to obtain good imaging effect, the size of scan matrix needs enough large, therefore need total number of angles of laser scanning huge, and because fluorescence signal is more weak in practice, need the time shutter of strengthening fluorescent collecting device, finally make the acquisition time of total imaging data very very long.Because long laser irradiates, easily cause the infringement of tested article, therefore must reduce scanning complexity, reduce sweep time.
Figure 1 shows that traditional non-intrusion type imaging device schematic diagram based on laser speckle scanning, comprise translucent scattering layer 1, fluorescent object 2, translucent scattering layer 3 and optical filter 4.When beam of laser vertically injects scattering layer, form speckle pattern in fluorescent object place plane (being designated as u-v plane), be designated as S (u, v).When laser is with (θ=(θ into θ angle with normal x, θ y)) incident time, " memory effect " that speckle exists makes the speckle in now u-v plane just translation occur, and pattern does not change substantially, i.e. now S '=S (u-d 1θ x, v-d 1θ y).Thus at total fluorescence volume of fluorescent collecting end be:
I(θ)＝∫∫O(u,v)S(u-d 1θ x,v-d 1θ y)dudv＝[O*S](θ)。
Incident laser is scanned one by one according to the angle on scanning angle matrix Θ, record the total fluorescence volume under each incident angle, final formation fluorescence intensity matrix I, then, utilizes Phase Retrieve Algorithm to recover to obtain the image of described fluorescent object from described fluorescence intensity matrix-block.
[summary of the invention]
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method, to shorten the time of image-forming data acquisition.
A kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method, comprises the steps:
Scanning angle matrix trace inequality is at least one piecemeal by S1;
S2, for a certain piecemeal, by identical for N beam intensity, wavelength is identical but mutual incoherent laser respectively through decay after, incide the same point on translucent scattering layer simultaneously, the speckle making N restraint laser generation inspires fluorescence through fluorescent object, and the summation recording the fluorescence intensity inspired is column vector y m × 1the element value of corresponding row; Wherein, compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ is utilized successively m × Nin every a line N number of element respectively to N restraint laser carry out described decay, N is the element number of described piecemeal, and M is compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × Nline number, N restraints the element that the incident angle of laser is respectively corresponding in described piecemeal, and M is less than N;
S3, according to described column vector y m × 1with compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × N, utilize compressed sensing signal reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct fluorescence intensity matrix-block corresponding to described piecemeal;
The all fluorescence intensity matrix-blocks obtained are spliced, obtain complete fluorescence intensity matrix by S4.
In one embodiment, described compression calculation matrix Φ m × Nfor non-negative stochastic matrix.
In one embodiment, described compression calculation matrix Φ m × Nfor the numerical matrix of setting.
In one embodiment,
Φ m × N=(G m × N-g min1 m × N)/(g max-g min), wherein, G m × Nfor gaussian random matrix, 1 m × Nfor matrix, g minand g maxbe respectively G m × Nleast member and greatest member;
In one embodiment,
In step s3, fluorescence intensity matrix-block wherein,
ξ ^ K × 1 = argmin | | ξ K × 1 | | 1 , Meet:
Wherein, for the rarefaction representation dictionary for non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging of precondition, ξ k × 1for the coefficient vector of K × 1, unvec is a function column vector being deformed into matrix according to the preferential order of row.
In one embodiment,
In step s 2, the spatial light modulator for realizing described decay is placed between LASER Light Source and translucent scattering layer, every beam of laser that described LASER Light Source is sent all penetrates described spatial light modulator, and the transmittance in region corresponding with jth Shu Jiguang in described spatial light modulator is φ i,j, wherein, φ i,jfor compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × Ni-th row jth row element.
In one embodiment,
G m × Neach element be the independent stochastic variable with Gaussian distribution, average is 0, and variance is 1/M.
In one embodiment,
Described compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × Nfor normalized compressed sensing calculation matrix.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes the method for compressed sensing, by simultaneously incident multiple laser, and modulate according to the light intensity of calculation matrix to every beam of laser, record the total fluorescence volume under each modulation scheme.Then can rebuild fluorescence intensity matrix according to restructing algorithm, and eventually pass through the picture that phase recovery obtains object.This will shorten the acquisition time of imaging data greatly, and does not affect the quality of imaging simultaneously.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of existing non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method;
Fig. 2 is the system schematic of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Below the preferred embodiment of invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method of embodiment, comprises the steps:
S1, is divided into some " piecemeal " (size are b × b) by the scanning angle matrix Θ obtained by classic method corresponding to fluorescence intensity matrix I.
S2, for any one scanning angle partitioning of matrix Θ block(b × b), by from Different Light, intensity is identical, wavelength is identical, non-interference (speckle formed after translucent scattering layer to make every Shu Jiguang can intensity superposition and there is not mutual interference) b 2shu Jiguang incides the same point on translucent scattering layer simultaneously, and its incident angle meets Θ completely blockincident angle.Galvanometer can be used to carry out the incident angle of the every Shu Jiguang of programming Control, and ensure that incidence point is constant in conjunction with 4F system;
S3, placement space photomodulator (SLM) 5 between LASER Light Source and translucent scattering layer, makes every beam of laser all penetrate SLM.According to the calculation matrix Φ decided in advance m × N(wherein N=b 2, M < N) in every a line (with i-th behavior example, i=1,2 ..., M) numerical value (φ i, 1, φ i, 2..., φ i,N) regulate the corresponding transmittance in the region of SLM of every beam of laser, i.e. jth Shu Jiguang x kthe transmittance in corresponding region is φ i,j(transmittance that as shown in Figure 2, jth-1 is restrainted and jth+1 bundle is corresponding is respectively φ i, j-1and φ i, j+1), and record now total fluorescence volume and be in order to obtain calculation matrix Φ m × N, first can generate the gaussian random matrix G of a same size m × N(its each element is the independent stochastic variable with Gaussian distribution, and average is 0, and variance is 1/M).Last Φ m × N=(G m × N-g min1 m × N)/(g max-g min), wherein g minand g maxbe respectively matrix G m × Nleast member and greatest member, 1 m × Nfor the matrix of M × N; According to Φ m × Nchange SLM transmittance distribution M time after can obtain scanning angle matrix-block Θ blockcorresponding total fluorescence intensity vector y m × 1.For each piecemeal, classic method needs to gather N (=b 2) fluorescence intensity under individual different incidence angles degree, and in the present embodiment, only need transmittance M time (M < N) converting SLM can obtain enough information, under the same time shutter, save the time of (1-M/N) × 100%.
Calculation matrix Φ m × Nconcrete selection can use non-negative stochastic matrix etc., but the scope that the present invention is contained is not limited to this selection, and the calculation matrix meeting compressed sensing technical requirement of any non-negative can use.Normalized effect makes calculation matrix Φ m × Nelement between 0 to 1, like this can using each element value as light intensity attenuation degree (as 0 represent stop incident ray completely, namely light intensity all decays; 1 represents that namely light intensity does not decay completely by incident ray).
S4, solves and minimizes l as follows 1norm problem can obtain corresponding fluorescence intensity matrix-block
&xi; ^ K &times; 1 = arg min | | &xi; K &times; 1 | | 1 , Meet:
Wherein the complete dictionary of the mistake for non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging for precondition, ξ k × 1for the coefficient vector of K × 1, function unvec is a function column vector being deformed into matrix according to the preferential order of row.Wherein rarefaction representation dictionary training need first choose the representative object of some, then adopt classic method to obtain fluorescence intensity matrix I corresponding to these objects, and the fritter these matrixes being divided into b × b is used as the training set of sparse dictionary.K-SVD algorithm finally can be adopted to train for training set.
S5, is spliced into a complete fluorescence intensity matrix by all fluorescence intensity partitionings of matrix then Phase Retrieve Algorithm is utilized can to obtain the picture of object.
Specifically can adopt following steps:
1) auto-correlation calculating fluorescence intensity matrix is II=(O*S) (O*S)=(OO) * (SS), because the auto-correlation of speckle is peaking function, therefore has II ≈ OO; Wherein, S represents the speckle pattern of fluorescence, and O represents fluorescent object image.
2) do Fourier transform to auto-correlation can obtain
3) utilize HybridInput-Output algorithm can be from and recover fluorescent object image O in the priori conditions such as the nonnegativity of fluorescent object image O.
In certain embodiments, if conditions permit, namely can penetrate the laser identical with total scanning angle number (scanning angle entry of a matrix element sum) simultaneously, also can not piecemeal and just according to calculation matrix Φ m × Nmodulate the light intensity of all incident lasers, in such cases, scanning angle matrix can be regarded as and only divide a piecemeal.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.

Claims (8)

1. a non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Scanning angle matrix trace inequality is at least one piecemeal by S1;
S2, for a certain piecemeal, by identical for N beam intensity, wavelength is identical but mutual incoherent laser respectively through decay after, incide the same point on translucent scattering layer simultaneously, the speckle making N restraint laser generation inspires fluorescence through fluorescent object, and the summation recording the fluorescence intensity inspired is column vector y m × 1the element value of corresponding row; Wherein, compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ is utilized successively m × Nin every a line N number of element respectively to N restraint laser carry out described decay, N is the element number of described piecemeal, and M is compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × Nline number, N restraints the element that the incident angle of laser is respectively corresponding in described piecemeal, and M is less than N;
S3, according to described column vector y m × 1with compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × N, utilize compressed sensing signal reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct fluorescence intensity matrix-block corresponding to described piecemeal;
The all fluorescence intensity matrix-blocks obtained are spliced, obtain complete fluorescence intensity matrix by S4.
2. non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described compression calculation matrix Φ m × Nfor non-negative stochastic matrix.
3. non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described compression calculation matrix Φ m × Nfor the numerical matrix of setting.
4. non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, Φ m × N=(G m × N-g min1 m × N)/(g max-g min), wherein, G m × Nfor gaussian random matrix, 1 m × Nfor matrix, g minand g maxbe respectively G m × Nleast member and greatest member.
5. non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step s3, and fluorescence intensity matrix-block wherein,
&xi; ^ K &times; 1 = arg m i n | | &xi; K &times; 1 | | 1 , Meet:
Wherein, for the rarefaction representation dictionary for non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging of precondition, ξ k × 1for the coefficient vector of K × 1, unvec is a function column vector being deformed into matrix according to the preferential order of row.
6. the non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that, in step s 2, the spatial light modulator for realizing described decay is placed between LASER Light Source and translucent scattering layer, every beam of laser that described LASER Light Source is sent all penetrates described spatial light modulator, and the transmittance in region corresponding with jth Shu Jiguang in described spatial light modulator is φ i,j, wherein, φ i,jfor compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × Ni-th row jth row element.
7. non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, G m × Neach element be the independent stochastic variable with Gaussian distribution, average is 0, and variance is 1/M.
8. the non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method as described in claim 2 or 4, is characterized in that, described compressed sensing calculation matrix Φ m × Nfor normalized compressed sensing calculation matrix.
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CN106053433A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-10-26 中国科学院光电研究院 Laser-induced spectrum analysis method and laser-induced spectrum analysis device based on optical modulation compression dimension reduction perception
CN106290285A (en) * 2016-09-20 2017-01-04 清华大学深圳研究生院 A kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method based on stochastical sampling
CN107121419A (en) * 2017-06-01 2017-09-01 清华大学深圳研究生院 A kind of non-intrusion type imaging method and device
CN107247332A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-13 清华大学深圳研究生院 It is a kind of to estimate that the non-intrusion type with deconvolution scatters imaging method based on speckle
CN111127315A (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-05-08 北京北科天绘科技有限公司 Super-resolution processing method, device and system for laser point cloud data and storage medium

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CN106290285A (en) * 2016-09-20 2017-01-04 清华大学深圳研究生院 A kind of non-intrusion type laser scanning imaging method based on stochastical sampling
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CN107247332A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-13 清华大学深圳研究生院 It is a kind of to estimate that the non-intrusion type with deconvolution scatters imaging method based on speckle
CN107247332B (en) * 2017-08-04 2019-11-08 清华大学深圳研究生院 A kind of non-intrusion type scattering imaging method based on speckle estimation and deconvolution
CN111127315A (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-05-08 北京北科天绘科技有限公司 Super-resolution processing method, device and system for laser point cloud data and storage medium
CN111127315B (en) * 2018-10-31 2023-07-21 北京北科天绘科技有限公司 Super-resolution processing method, device and system for laser point cloud data and storage medium

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