CN1053855C

CN1053855C - Hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine

Info

Publication number: CN1053855C
Application number: CN96109114A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李英春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-07-22
Filing date: 1996-07-22
Publication date: 2000-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2016-07-22
Also published as: CN1145841A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wheeled type hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine which is used for loosening and fastening king bolts and nuts, and the present invention is especially suitable for industries of cement products. The present invention comprises mechanical arms, a hydraulic wrench, a travel driving device, etc., wherein each of the mechanical arms is composed of two parallelogram mechanisms; the hydraulic wrench is arranged on the mechanical arms. The travel driving device can make the machine move to working positions. When the mechanical arms are pulled apart, the hydraulic wrench can freely adjust working radii, height and width in a certain range, the nuts can be loaded and unloaded, and screw bolt can be fastened and loosened. The present invention has the advantages of large working range, high speed and adjustable output torque; the screw bolt can be loosened and tightened to the state of the technological requirements.

Description

Hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine

The present invention relates to a kind of getting loose and fastening hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine of king-bolt, nut that be used for, be specially adapted to the cement products industry.

In the prior art, the mechanical removing nut machine (as Fig. 1) of cement products industry use is made up of frame I, fuselage II, travel driving unit III, actuating unit IV, rocking arm 10, spanner head main shaft 7 and spanner head 8.Travel driving unit and actuating

unit drive decelerator

2,5 with motor 1,4 respectively, reach road wheel 11 and spanner main shaft 7 by

chain

3,6 again, and entire machine constitutes a dolly and is installed on the fixing rail 12.Need drive dolly during removing nut and move on rail 12 and rotate rocking arm 10 spanner head 8 and nut are aligned, turning handle 9 moves down to top nut spanner head 8 again, the rotation nut that gets loose, and turning handle 9 lifts spanner head 8 then, finishes the nut that gets loose.Because rocking arm 10 centre of gyration OO ' are fixing nonadjustable to spanner head main shaft 7 centre-to-centre spacing, so this machine moves once on rail 12, can only unload a bolts, when cement products replacing kind just changes, the zone of action that turning handle 9 moves up and down spanner head 8 can not meet the demands, at this moment often adopt cushioning below the mould of making cement products,, make mold height identical by changing the height of pad; Sometimes the length of also changing spanner head 8 adapts to the height of cement products mould; Time-consuming like this, when producing the cement products of two different sizes simultaneously, change pad like this or change the spanner head too frequent.Former in addition removing nut machine is by machine driving, and moment of torsion is wayward, can not finish the fastening this bolt that torque demand is arranged, and also is difficult for realizing overload protection.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of both can be bolted to the moment of torsion that requires, again can demounting bolt, adapt to multiple different cement products height change, moving of car once can be finished the hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine of loading and unloading plurality of bolts.

The invention provides a kind of wheel type hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine (as Fig. 3), this machine comprises mechanical arm V, hydraulic spanner VI, travel driving unit III etc., above-mentioned mechanical arm adopts parallel-crank mechanism, big arm is by column cover 23, big

armed lever

6,7, upper plate 8 is by the little axle 4 hinged parallel-crank mechanism ABCD that form.Forearm is by upper plate 8, forearm bar 10,11, and lower plate 13 cuts with scissors by forming parallel-crank mechanism EFGH by little axle 4; Two hinge AB on its central post cover 23 are fixed hinge, and upper plate 8 is the public connecting rod of parallelogram.On big forearm, 5,9 balanced actions of balancing spring parts are housed respectively.On the lower plate 13 of forearm hydraulic spanner VI is installed, comprising hydraulic motor 16, shaft coupling 17, spanner head 18, electrical control also is housed on forearm lower plate 13 in addition turns round 12 and handle 14, whole mechanical arm V and hydraulic spanner VI are installed on the column, can be around column center O O ' revolution.

Above-mentioned forearm balancing spring parts comprise guide rod 65, cluster spring 64, and (see figure 5) is drawn back forearm, and in certain angle, under the effect of spring, but the forearm kept in balance makes and draws back and send back to forearm easily, flexibly.Above-mentioned big arm balancing spring parts 5 (see figure 6)s comprise cluster spring 56, guide rod 57, guide pin bushing 58, spring base 60, end cap 61, push rod 62, spring 59.When just drawing back big arm, the pressured softer spring 59 that contracts comes balance, and spring is when compression X1, end cap is pushed down the step a on the push rod, at this moment, transfers compression cluster spring 56 to and comes the big arm of balance, big arm can keep balance basically in the scope of pulling out, make big arm flexible operation.

Above-mentioned travel driving unit III comprises (see figure 7): hydraulic motor 51, axletree 50,

wheel

54,55 etc.When hydraulic motor rotates, power is passed to

wheel

54,55, drag complete machine and on the rail of workshop layout, move.

Certainly, also can make the hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine (see figure 8) install the IV of steering mechanism and walk on the ground not at workshop layout rail.The travel driving unit (see figure 9) just adopts two hydraulic motors 25,26 like this, respectively power is passed to a pair of gear shaft 31,32 of coaxial arrangement, disconnects in the middle of this axle to gear.This drives structure had both realized the two-wheel driving, can obtain desired differential action again.Above-mentioned steering mechanism's IV (see figure 10) comprises: steering wheel 35, steering box 37, pull bar 39, stub 44,45, deflecting roller 47,48, axletree 46 etc., direction of operating dish 35 through steering box 37 connecting rods, stub, makes two deflecting roller deflections, realizes turning to.

Advantage of the present invention is:

One, this machine adopts hydraulic control, and output torque is adjustable, not only can get loose bolt, and can be the state that is tightened to technological requirement on the bolt, and can realize overload protection.

Two, this machine adopts the mechanical arm of parallel-crank mechanism, can arbitrarily change work range, highly in certain scope; The complete machine motion once can be finished the loading and unloading plurality of bolts; The needs that can adapt to the cement products loading and unloading bolt of differing heights.

Three, long-pending little, in light weight, the flexible operation of this body, convenience, handling speed is fast.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is an existing mechanical removing nut machine schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the present invention hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine.

Fig. 3 is the working condition chart of the first embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine.

Fig. 4 is the mechanical arm retaining mechanism of first embodiment.

Fig. 5 is the forearm balancing spring parts of the mechanical arm of first embodiment.

Fig. 6 is the big arm balancing spring parts of the mechanical arm of first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is the travel driving unit of first embodiment

Fig. 8 is the working condition chart of the second embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine.

Fig. 9 is the travel driving unit of second embodiment.

Figure 10 is the steering mechanism of second embodiment.

It shown in the accompanying drawing 2 hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine of first embodiment.Complete machine constitutes a dolly, is installed in operation on the rail of arranging in the workshop.It comprises: frame I, fuselage II, travel driving unit III mechanical arm V, hydraulic spanner VI.Pedal is housed on the fuselage, can operates this machine by button box 2 and run to the operating position, the pedal of adorning on this machine can be arranged as figure in addition, also can all arrange pedal (not illustrating in the drawings) around car

Accompanying drawing 3 is depicted as hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine, and its back is equipped with mechanical arm and hydraulic spanner.Mechanical arm comprises: big arm, forearm, column, big arm spring balancing parts and forearm spring balancing parts.Hydraulic spanner comprises: carriage 15, hydraulic motor 16, crosshead shoe shaft coupling 17, spanner head 18.The big arm of mechanical arm is by column 22, column cover 23, big

armed lever

6,7 and upper plate 8.Be hinged to parallel-crank mechanism ABCD by little axle 4.Forearm is by upper plate 8, forearm bar 10,11, lower plate 13.Be hinged to parallel-crank mechanism EFGH by little axle 4.Two hinge A, B that its central post puts are fixed hinge, and upper plate 8 is the public connecting rod of parallelogram.On column cover 23, be arranged with fulcrum M, on big armed lever 6, be arranged with fulcrum N, between M and N, be separately installed with two big arm balancing spring parts 5.On upper plate 8, be arranged with fulcrum P, be arranged with fulcrum Q on the forearm bar 11, two forearm balancing spring parts 9 are installed between P and Q.In drawing back the mechanical arm process, the balance of big forearm is finished balanced action by balancing spring parts separately respectively.Be fixed with carriage 15 on the forearm connecting plate 13, hydraulic motor 16 is housed on the carriage 15, connect with crosshead shoe shaft coupling 17 between hydraulic motor 16 and the spanner head 18.Handle 14 and electric button box 12 also are installed on the forearm connecting plate 13.When handle 14 draws back mechanical arm, no matter how two parallel four limit row mechanisms change, total maintenance hydraulic spanner vertically downward, the column cover 23 of solid mechanical arm can be around column 22 center steerings, and in allowed limits, hydraulic spanner can arbitrarily be adjusted work range easily, height is to adapt to different height, different far and near bolt loading and unloading, when time spent not can be sent mechanical arm back to the original position (see figure 2), turning handle 21 (see figure 4)s, thread bush 19 and little cover 20 can be

column

22 and 23 lockings of column cover.

Figure 5 shows that forearm balancing spring parts 9 comprise: little axle P, Q, guide pin bushing 63, guide rod 65, cluster spring 64, draw back forearm, in certain angular range, because the effect of cluster spring, forearm can keep balance substantially, makes to draw back and send back to forearm easily, flexibly.Figure 6 shows that big arm balancing spring parts 5 comprise: little axle M, N, cluster spring 56, guide rod 57, guide pin bushing 58, spring base 60, spring 59, end cap 61, push rod 62.When just drawing back big arm, big arm balance realizes by push rod 62 compression springs 59.When this spring 59 compression X1, end cap 61 is pushed down the step a on the push rod 62, at this moment, transfer compression cluster spring 56 to and come the big arm of balance, continue to draw back big arm, cluster spring 56 continues compression, is maximum angle together until guide rod 57 ends and push rod 62 ends withstand on, like this big arm by the process of vertically moving maximum angle in, big arm can keep balance basically.This structure cleverly makes when drawing back and regaining big arm flexibly, easily.

Shown in Figure 7 is the travel driving unit of hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine, it passes to power the gear 53 that is contained on the axletree 50 by the gear 52 that is contained on 51 of the hydraulic motors, when hydraulic motor rotated,

wheel

54,55 rotated, and drove complete machine operation on the rail of workshop layout.

Introduce the entire work process of the first embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine below.

Connect power supply, the people stands on the pedal, button on the action button platform, complete machine moves on rail, to the correct position parking of loading and unloading nut, the locking of mechanical arm is opened, with hand mechanical arm is drawn back, to six sides of last bolt, press the control knob hydraulic motor and rotate, can finish bolt fastening, get loose.

Accompanying drawing 8 is second embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine.It is directly to move on the ground, need not arrange rail in the workshop.The second embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine is equipped with steering mechanism, and its travel driving unit is also different with first embodiment.Figure 9 shows that the travel driving unit of the second embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine, it is connected with gear 27,28 respectively by hydraulic motor 25,26,27,28 of gears mesh with the gear 29 and 30 that is contained on driven shaft 31 and the driven shaft 32 respectively, driven shaft the 31, the 32nd, coaxial arrangement, and between gear 29 and 30, disconnect, driven shaft 31,32 is connected with wheel 34 with wheel 33 respectively, and wheel 33 and 34 rotates when hydraulic motor rotates, and drags the complete machine walking.

Figure 10 shows that the steering mechanism of the second embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine, comprise steering wheel, steering box, tie rod arm, deflecting roller.This mechanism is connected with frame by axle 46, when steering wheel rotation 35 steering spindles 36 along with rotation, steering box 37 drives pitman arms 38 swings, makes the right turn joint through steering linkage 39 and right tie rod arm 40 again and is contained in right turn wheel 48 on the right turn joint around stub 45 deflections.Right tie rod arm 40 makes left steering joint and left steering wheel 47 realize turning to same direction deflection around stub 44 through track rod 42 and left tie rod arm 43 simultaneously.

The course of work of the second embodiment hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine is: during walking, not only want the button on the action button platform, also want the direction of operating dish, complete machine is moved on the ground.Other operating process is identical with first embodiment, no longer repeats here.

Claims

1. wheel type hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine, it comprises: mechanical arm (V), hydraulic pressure wrench (VI), travel driving unit (III) etc.; It is characterized in that: above-mentioned mechanical arm adopts parallel four limit row mechanisms, and big arm is by column cover (23), big armed lever (6), (7), upper plate (8), forms parallel four limit row mechanisms (ABCD) by little axle (4) is hinged; Forearm by upper plate (8), little armed lever (10,11), lower plate (13) by little axle (4) hinged parallel-crank mechanism (EFGH) that forms; Two hinges (AB) on its central post cover (23) are fixed hinge, the public connecting rod of upper plate (8) parallelogram; On big forearm, balancing spring parts (5,9) are housed respectively and play balanced action; Hydraulic spanner (VI) is installed on the lower plate of forearm (13), comprising hydraulic motor (16), shaft coupling (17), spanner head (18), electrical control also is housed on forearm lower plate (13) in addition turns round (12) and handle (14), whole mechanical arm (V) and hydraulic spanner (VI) are installed on the column (22), can turn round around column center (OO '); Above-mentioned forearm spring members (9) comprises guide rod (65), cluster spring (64), and guide pin bushing (63), forearm spring members (9) one ends are connected with upper plate (8) by P, and the other end is connected with little armed lever (11) by Q; Above-mentioned big arm spring members (5) comprises cluster spring (56); Guide rod (57), guide pin bushing (58), spring base (60), end cap (61), push rod (62), spring (59), big arm spring members (5) one ends are connected with big armed lever (6) by N, and the other end is connected with column cover 23 by M.

2. hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: travel driving unit (III) is by fluid motor-driven.

3. hydraulic nut assembling and disassembling machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: pedal (1), button box 2 are housed on the fuselage.