CN105384061B - 自动脱钩器及其脱钩方法 - Google Patents

自动脱钩器及其脱钩方法 Download PDF

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CN105384061B
CN105384061B CN201510907802.5A CN201510907802A CN105384061B CN 105384061 B CN105384061 B CN 105384061B CN 201510907802 A CN201510907802 A CN 201510907802A CN 105384061 B CN105384061 B CN 105384061B
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rope
minitype cylinder
brake lever
weight
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CN105384061A (zh
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齐秀丽
刘亮
李步明
孙玉杰
王汉文
李兆杰
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Shandong Senyu Precision Engineering Technology Co ltd
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SHANDONG SENYU HEAVY INDUSTRIAL Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/34—Crane hooks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种自动脱钩器及其脱钩方法，它包括一支架，支架的底端连接吊钩，支架的一侧设有竖直插孔，插孔中插入一段绳索，支架的顶端连接一微型气缸，支架的下部设有一横置的制动杠杆，制动杠杆的作用端挤压在钢丝绳上，制动杠杆的力端铰接在微型气缸的伸出端上；还包括一气动换向阀，气动换向阀与微型气缸的进出气嘴连接；微型气缸来回动作时，使绳索与支架卡紧在一起或使支架与绳索松开。本发明操作简单、效率高、耗气量低、运行安全，实现了重物自动脱钩，解决了人工近距离操作的人身安全问题。尤其在易燃易爆场合，实现远程操作，保证人身安全。

Description

自动脱钩器及其脱钩方法
技术领域
本发明涉及起重设备的配套部件。
背景技术
在一些起重场合、尤其是易燃易爆的起重场合，物体吊起后需要让其脱钩，以解决操作人员不方便卸载的问题；或者在一些起重试验场合，需要人为的让物体在升降过程中脱钩，以检验起重设备的安全保护性能。例如，气动平衡器是当今先进的轻小型起重设备，气动平衡器具有平衡物料重力的功能气动平衡器，由于高频率对较重物体进行快速搬运、定位、装配等操作，物体难免会脱离吊钩，为了检验设备安全保护的性能，检测重物万一从吊钩脱离时，制动器是否立即响应，达到制动的效果，需要将吊起后再瞬间进行脱落。传统的做法是用人工操作，这样会伤害到操作人员的人身安全。
发明内容
为了解决人工操作的人身安全问题，本发明提出一种自动脱钩器。
一种自动脱钩器，其特征在于，它包括一支架，支架的底端连接吊钩，支架的一侧设有竖直插孔，插孔中插入一段绳索，支架的顶端连接一微型气缸，支架的下部设有一横置的制动杠杆，制动杠杆的作用端挤压在钢丝绳上，制动杠杆的力端铰接在微型气缸的伸出端上；还包括一气动换向阀，气动换向阀与微型气缸的进出气嘴连接；微型气缸来回动作时，使绳索与支架卡紧在一起或使支架与绳索松开。
上述的绳索为尼龙绳或钢丝绳。
为了便于钢丝绳与起重机钩头连接，所述的绳索顶端设有吊环。
为了增加制动杠杆的力端的摩擦力，在制动杠杆的力端摩擦面上设有粗糙面或锯齿面或防滑垫。
使用时，将绳索上端吊钩挂起重机钩头上，吊钩勾在重物上，打开换向阀给微型气缸后端供气，使使绳索与支架卡紧在一起，操作起重机吊起重物，在上升过程中越拉越紧；当上升到一定需要的高度时，打开换向阀给微型气缸前端供气，使吊挂重物的支架与绳索松开，从而使重物在瞬间进行脱落。
本发明操作简单、效率高、耗气量低、运行安全，实现了重物自动脱钩，解决了人工近距离操作的人身安全问题。尤其在易燃易爆场合，实现远程操作，保证人身安全。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的示意图。
图例说明，1-绳索，2-支架，3-微型气缸，4-制动杠杆，5-吊钩，6-气动换向阀。
具体实施方式
参照附图进一步说明。如图1所示，一种自动脱钩器，它包括一支架2，支架2的底端连接吊钩5，支架2的一侧设有竖直插孔，插孔中插入一段绳索1，支架2的顶端连接一微型气缸3，支架的2下部设有一横置的制动杠杆4，制动杠杆4的作用端挤压在绳索上，制动杠杆4的力端铰接在微型气缸3的伸出端上；还包括一气动换向阀6，气动换向阀6与微型气缸3的进出气嘴连接；微型气缸3来回动作时，使绳索1与支架2卡紧在一起，或使支架2与绳索1松开。
上述的绳索1为尼龙绳或钢丝绳。
为了便于绳索与起重机钩头连接，所述的绳索顶端设有吊环。
为了增加制动杠杆4的力端的摩擦力，在制动杠杆的力端摩擦面上设有粗糙面或锯齿面或防滑垫。
上述的气动换向阀6由气控式二位二通阀和手动阀组成，具有断气保护的功、能，当无气源或者气路出现问题时，气缸3中的气体不会立即释放。
使用时，将绳索上端吊钩5挂起重机钩头上，吊钩5勾在重物上，操作换向阀6给微型气缸3后端供气，使绳索1与支架2卡紧在一起，操作起重机吊起重物，在上升过程中越拉越紧；当上升到一定需要的高度时，操作换向阀6给微型气缸3前端供气，使吊挂重物的支架2与绳索1松开，从而使重物在瞬间进行脱落。

Claims (4)

1.一种自动脱钩器，其特征在于，它包括一支架，支架的底端连接吊钩，支架的一侧设有竖直插孔，插孔中插入一段绳索，支架的顶端连接一微型气缸，支架的下部设有一横置的制动杠杆，制动杠杆的作用端挤压在钢丝绳上，制动杠杆的力端铰接在微型气缸的伸出端上；还包括一气动换向阀，气动换向阀与微型气缸的进出气嘴连接；微型气缸来回动作时，使绳索与支架卡紧在一起或使支架与绳索松开。
2.如权利要求1所述的自动脱钩器，其特征在于，所述的绳索顶端设有吊环。
3.如权利要求1所述的自动脱钩器，其特征在于，在制动杠杆的力端摩擦面上设有粗糙面或锯齿面或防滑垫。
4.一种利用权利要求1-3任一所述的自动脱钩器让起吊重物脱钩的方法，其特征在于，使用时，将绳索上端吊钩挂起重机钩头上，吊钩勾在重物上，打开换向阀给微型气缸后端供气，使绳索与支架卡紧在一起，操作起重机吊起重物，在上升过程中越拉越紧；当上升到一定需要的高度时，打开换向阀给微型气缸前端供气，使吊挂重物的支架与绳索松开，从而使重物在瞬间进行脱落。
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CN105746449B (zh) * 2016-05-12 2018-05-01 岱山县顺通电子仪器厂 蟹笼弹钩自动分离器
CN111590642A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-28 江苏京创先进电子科技有限公司 一种搬运机械手的安全防护方法及其搬运机械手
CN112455749A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-09 重庆德森诺科技有限公司 一种具备高速自动分装的刀型发簪布袋包装设备

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