Background technology
Certified mobile radio antenna is with radiator or radiator device work, and described radiator or radiator device such as can be launched with two polarizations perpendicular to one another and/or receive.
Have nothing to do therewith, mobile radio antenna often can adjust with the radiation angle departed from horizontal orientation in its main radiation direction, and described radiation angle preferably can change remote controlledly.
Considering the lasting expansion of mobile radio telephone network, also when being provided in other frequency ranges the new vehicular radio launched and/or receive, the position existed, especially identical mast preferably being considered for network configuration.
This causes base station, the doubling of antenna equipment and other desired infrastructure component.
Additionally, mounting cost due to must corresponding defence increase wind load and improve.
In order to described wireless aerial can be used for transmitting and receiving radio signal simultaneously, known equally, can duplex mobile radio system in, use corresponding filter interconnection circuit (duplexing directional filter (Duplexweichen)) comprehensively to transmit and receive branch road.
Because there is not the decoupling zero between transmitting and receiving signal on interconnection point, therefore high filter cost is required, to be separated from each other and additionally to guarantee glitch-free operation for all emitting and receiving equipments existed in position by transmitting and receiving signal.
Owing to may utilizing for the identical current feed circuit of antenna and spending determined size by filter, duplexing directional filter is generally encased in mobile telephone base station.
In order to arrive certain simplification here, it is known that when by interpolation second antenna equipment and the second base station expansion vehicular radio, as far as possible jointly utilize the current feed circuit (feed line is shared) between base station and antenna.
Such as known in principle, two antenna systems comprising radiator element that is applicable, that be separated synthetically are placed in common housing (radome).Radiation angle can regulate independently for each antenna system.
Each antenna equipment is configured with corresponding base station at this.This causes low installation and infrastructure costs in principle.
Also known in order to realize further simplification here, in antenna equipment, use the radiator element in broadband, additional mobile radio system can be covered by the antenna equipment installed, and other antenna equipment need not be installed.
Like this, when using the radiator element in broadband, often require, for the independent changeable radiation angle adjustment of each mobile radio system when not by being impossible when filtering that is additional, frequency band selection.
In order to the advantage of the radiator element in broadband can be utilized and the independently radiation that simultaneously can realize the mobile phone service for connecting reduces, be connected with corresponding duplexer filter in the upstream of radiator element or downstream.This should and must consider or meet following condition:
-different frequency bands is interconnected on common interface.
-for the phase place of the definition of each multiband combiner.
-can realize using the radiator element in broadband, what described radiator element had a mobile radio signal for existing on the first and second interfaces can the radiation angle of independent regulation.
-antenna integrated multiband the combiner that is connected wire accurately by phase place and the phase place with cooperation comes radiator element and the phase shifter of fusing broadband, for the mobile radio signal adjusting and exist on the first and second interfaces that has a down dip independently.
But in order to not only make the loss added minimize in transmit direction but also in receive direction, also discretely and from it removably, namely usually near antenna, module hereinafter referred to as remote radio heads (RRH) can be set at mast with radio server.
It is substantially born transmitting and receiving and strengthens and have carrier (Carrier) modulation of the i/q signal transmitted by the interface of optics.Communication between radio server and the remote radio heads RRH that separately close antenna is arranged on mast is carried out preferably by the interface of optics.
Being interconnected/being separated of transmitting and receiving signal utilizes duplexing directional filter (duplexer) to realize equally usually in remote radio heads RRH.
Another known step launch and accept unit (such as with remote radio heads, RRH form) and antenna equipment is merged in a common housing.Here can imagine from launch and accept unit until a large amount of embodiments of the integrated integrated level of the optics of radiator element initiatively.
Summary of the invention
On this basis, task of the present invention is, a kind of antenna of the improvement run for double frequency-band or multiband is provided, when it runs multiple mobile radio system on a position, provides the decoupling zero that each emitting and receiving equipment (base station) is required (isolation) with enough degree.At this, structure still should design on the whole as far as possible simply.Should particularly also can realize in the antenna of so-called active comprising integrated launch and accept unit (integrated remote radio heads, AIR in such as antenna) according to advantage of the present invention.
This task solves according to the feature provided in claim 1 according to the present invention.The favourable design of the present invention provides in the dependent claims.
Must be called completely surprisingly, within the scope of this invention, a position can realize double frequency-band or multiband antenna (therefore it run in multiple frequency band) without problems, described double frequency-band or multiband antenna have the sufficiently high decoupling zero (isolation) between each frequency band, and realize in the general structure of this simplification that can not expect relative to prior art on the whole.
Even stopband attenuation may be reduced within the scope of this invention at this.
This is possible in the following way, namely, at antenna side in order to bandwidth assignment is to each radiator (or radiator to) filter (multiband combiner) of selecting of service band respectively, described filter has carried out (certain) preliminary election (buffer action) based on its filter characteristic in different frequency ranges.
Can to require in the selection needed for whole vehicular radio in (insulation request) to be considered together by these preliminary elections of antenna integrated multiband combiner and therefore helpful, usually must completely can significantly minimizing (such as decreasing until 20-40dB) in the part range determined by the filter specifications of duplexing directional filter realization integrated in base station (or the remote radio heads taken off).
Although become known for the antenna of double frequency-band operation in principle equally from WO02/07254A1.Described aerial array has a series of simple beam for this reason.Each output of single radiator that can run in two frequency bands is configured with diplexer at this, and the frequency band wherein existed on the interface of radiator side exists on the interface of feeding network side, with being separated at least two sub-bands.In order to obtain about the enough stopband attenuations relative to other frequency band ranges one or more, be provided with multistage filter construction.Except forming the diplexer of the first filter construction for obtaining stopband attenuation, following filter is additionally set, described filter be arranged on corresponding feeding network joint or also arrange with being connected to its upstream or be also arranged on be connected to feeding network joint downstream current feed circuit section in, described current feed circuit section guides to the first diplexer seen in feeding network side.
In other words, only should be in the design of first open source literature, when the stopband attenuation of deficiency, arbitrary position is accessed additional filter for improvement isolation, and more precisely feeding network joint upstream or in feeding network joint downstream in any suitable position of the diplexer upstream mentioned.
The present invention to this based on diverse design.
The present invention is based on the design of the solution of an overall conception, consider all components in double frequency-band or multiband antenna array simultaneously.Enough decoupling zeros (that is the enough isolation between described frequency band) between said at least two frequency bands or frequency band range just can should realize by means of only for the structure of such aerial array and the component needed in the scope of aerial array of operation, and without the need to the additional measure for improving stopband attenuation (isolation).Like this will be applied to whole frequency band range in addition for the undesirable additional measure improving stopband attenuation, aerial array about a frequency band with described frequency band range transmitting and receiving run in run.
Namely demonstrate within the scope of this invention, when considering the investigation of this overall conception it is possible that than generally required and lower design constructs at each selection requirement arranged in element.
In other words, drawn according to advantage of the present invention by the overall consideration of the structure to double frequency-band or multiband antenna.So the combination can passing through the selection index system of the integrated multiband combiner of antenna and launch and accept filter (such as base station duplex filter) within the scope of this invention at this ensures, obtain required overall selection requirement.This remarkable minimizing finally causing the filter for Base Transmitter receiving filter (duplexer filter) to spend within the scope of this invention.In addition the minimizing passing through decay thus on duplexer filter also becomes possibility.
The Power Processing of the last improvement of double filter is within the scope of this invention possible, and utilizes the resonator (filter circuit) of lesser amt more precisely.This is especially useful in the situation of antenna initiatively, also can be implemented in the larger distance of the component arranged in antenna initiatively thus, finally also can improve cooling thus.
In addition by reducing the quantity of resonator that is the amount of filtered electrical way, the thermal losses of duplexing directional filter reduces.In addition the maximum transmitting power transmitted raises.
Embodiment
Below first with reference to figure 1, wherein schematically describe the aerial array 1 with many dipole antennas 3, wherein, only mark and draw uppermost and nethermost dipole antenna specifically and only imply the dipole antenna be in therebetween.Following dipole antenna can be related at this in principle, described dipole antenna only in plane of polarization radiation and reception or be such as configured to dual-polarization, the radiator of circular polarization or elliptical polarization.The radiator of the so-called X polarization of frequent use or dipole antenna 3, it is along two plane of polarization perpendicular to one another transmitting and receiving, wherein, these planes relative to vertical line and/or horizontal line angle ground at 45 ° directed.
Shown in Figure 1 be partly also generally called that the dipole antenna 3 of radiator is fed respectively by multichannel directional filter 7 below, described multichannel directional filter is configured to binary channels directional filter in the illustrated embodiment, because aerial array transmits and receives in two frequency bands.Also mention double frequency-band combiner 7 particularly here, wherein usually can relate to multiband combiner 7, if aerial array should run in more than two frequency bands.
Should schematically show in FIG, finally can arrange n dipole antenna, wherein n is natural number.Correspondingly arrange n double frequency-band combiner 7 and n wire 11a (for transmission band A) as n transmission line 11b (namely for transmission band B), relevant distributor network 9a or 9b is connected with corresponding duplexing combiner 7 by it.
It is such for constructing according to Fig. 1, namely, flow to radiator 3 at the first frequency band, the tranmitting frequency Tx be called for short in frequency band A by the distribution network 9a being in left side in Fig. 1, and flow to radiator in the middle frequency that is that launch or that receive of the second frequency band staggered therewith (being called for short frequency band B) by the distribution network 9b being in the right in FIG or be sent to base station from radiator.
For this reason corresponding distribution network 9, specifically utilize multiple wire 11a to be connected to the double frequency-band combiner 7 of each radiator 3 with configuring for the distribution network 9a of frequency band A.But depart from the embodiment ground illustrated, multiple radiator or the radiator group comprising multiple radiator also can be fed by each multichannel directional filter 7 (double frequency-band or multiband combiner 7).
As found out in addition by Fig. 1, corresponding distribution network 9, specifically distribution network 9a are connected with transmitting directional filter 15a by wire 13a, and described transmitting directional filter is also referred to as the duplexing combiner 15a for frequency band A.
Emission band A (Tx-A) flows to duplexing combiner 15,15a and flow to follow-up interface 15'a by wire 17'a, and the signal received by radiator 3 of frequency acceptance band A (Rx-A) provides for further process finally by duplexing combiner 15a, that is interface 15 " a and wire 17 " a.
Form the aerial array about the second frequency band B accordingly.
Such frequency band A can be such as the frequency band of GSM1800 (DCS), wherein transmits and receives frequency and is in the scope of 1710MHz to 1880MHz.There is the frequency range of 1710MHz to 1785MHz and corresponding emission band Tx-A has the frequency range of 1805MHz to 1880MHz at this frequency acceptance band Rx-A.
Second frequency band B can be such as UMTS frequency band, and it transmits in the scope of such as 1920MHz to 2170MHz.Receive frequency range Rx-B for frequency acceptance band B such as can be in the scope of 1920MHz to 1980MHz at this, and wherein emission band Tx-B is in the scope of 2110MHz to 2170MHz.
But other frequency bands arbitrary or frequency band combination can be converted and be implemented in the embodiment explained equally goodly.
By Fig. 2, now multichannel directional filter 7 is described, that is basic role mode of multiband combiner 7 (concrete double frequency-band combiner 7), and passing through and stop band attenuation DS more precisely about reference frequency f.
Combiner 7 constructs with stop band attenuation like this about passing through, make via distribution network 9a and wire 13a and 11a launch run in transmission partial-band (Tx-A) by radiator 3 and make receive run in the partial-band (Rx-A) that received by radiator by and whole frequency band B is prevented from, as in Fig. 2 this about frequency band A by solid line attenuation curve D1 described by.
On the contrary, make to transfer to the emission band (Tx-B) of radiator via distribution network 9b about frequency band B and the frequency acceptance band (Rx-B) received by radiator on the contrary does not pass through damply by wire 11b and 13b and in base station or the distribution network 9b between remote radio heads and radiator 13, whole frequency band A is made to be prevented from the contrary, as in Fig. 2, this puts by a dotted line expressed by D2.
By Fig. 3, for frequency band A describe about launch directional filter 15 that is about duplexing combiner 15 by characteristic and stopband attenuation.Equally again relative to frequency f, passing through and stop band attenuation of duplexing combiner 15 is described for the frequency band A that will transmit at this in figure 3.
Frequency band A is separated into the emission band Tx-A and frequency acceptance band Rx-A that are in each other and stagger as explained.Correspondingly, for emission band Tx-A and frequency acceptance band Rx-A these two partial frequency range by duplexing combiner 15a separately, thus interface 15'a and 15 " a relative to each other stops and isolates.It is such for being configured in this, makes emission band Tx-A (that is corresponding launch sub-band or frequency band A) from (such as remote radio heads or base station) reflector S-Tx-A and to be fed in wire 13a by the common interface 16a of duplexing combiner 15a by wire 17'a and interface 15'a and finally to flow to dipole antenna 3 by distribution network 9a and multichannel directional filter 7.On the contrary, the frequency acceptance band Rx-A received by dipole antenna 3 flows to the common interface 16a of duplexing combiner 15a by distribution network 9a and can be acted on by the stopband attenuation of duplexing combiner 15a be only a) flow to receiving branch that is receiver E-Rx-A for further process by path 17 " a (by output 15 ".
This is correspondingly illustrated by stopband attenuation curve D 11 and D12 in figure 3, and illustrates for frequency band A more precisely.
The relation that corresponding is about the second frequency band B and reflector S-Tx-B and receiver E-Rx-B, and this is describing with independent accompanying drawing.
Below with reference now to Fig. 4, wherein illustrate about passing through the overall resolving ideas with stop band attenuation relative to frequency f.
In the diagram at this frequency acceptance band Rx-A of frequency band A is marked and drawed to stopband attenuation curve D 11 (as shown in Figure 3) and marks and draws the total stopband attenuation curve D 1 about the stopband attenuation curve described in fig. 2 about total frequency band A in addition.In addition, frequency band about whole frequency band A or B is marked and drawed in the diagram and more precisely respectively about affiliated frequency acceptance band Rx-A and emission band Tx-A or Rx-B and the Tx-B that belong to same frequency band.
When considering according to stop band attenuation according to the transmitting directional filter 15 of Fig. 3 of the stopband attenuation characteristic sum of the multichannel directional filter 7 of Fig. 2, so show that wherein complete attenuation D marks and draws in the diagram with dotted line according to Fig. 4 complete attenuation feature D.
In Figure 5, be complemented at Fig. 4 to emphasize, the spilling Y of stopband attenuation requirement is drawn according to complete attenuation function D, if consider stopband attenuation feature such as the frequency acceptance band A launched in directional filter 15 (duplexing combiner 15) only should and must be in the X of region, described region adds hacures in Figure 5 and marks and draws.
In other words within the scope of this invention it is possible that realize lower or more weak stop band attenuation (isolation characteristic) in double frequency-band or multiband combiner 7 and/or in duplexing combiner 15 (in the transmission path for frequency band A and in the transmission path for frequency band B).
Draw when observing following form according to consideration of the present invention, on the left side for emission band and frequency acceptance band Tx-A and Rx-A but also illustrates when considering frequency band A about multichannel directional filter (multiband combiner 7) and for the stopband attenuation of launching directional filter (duplexing combiner 15) with pass through characteristic for transmitting and receiving frequency band Tx-B and Rx-B respectively in the table.
Mean at this:
X: the passband of frequency band A
-: the stopband of frequency band A
=: stopband within the same frequency band, produces the raising of complete attenuation thus and/or such as becomes possibility to the minimizing of the requirement of launching directional filter.
If consider passing through and stop band attenuation of the distribution network 9b for running radiator in frequency band B being used for being in the right in FIG, then draw corresponding situation.
Can be found out for frequency band A by above-mentioned form, multichannel directional filter 7 and distribution network 9a not only do not make transmitting and frequency acceptance band Tx-A and Rx-A pass through and whole frequency band B is prevented from completely in distribution network 9a side for frequency band A damply.
The distribution network 9b that marks and draws the on the right in FIG situation about the second frequency band B is determined in the secondary series of above table.Draw thus, by double frequency-band combiner 7 make whole frequency band B by the interface 7b of double frequency-band combiner 7 and distribution network 9b transmitting run and also in reception runs by and whole frequency band A is completely blocked on this transmission stroke.
So draw in the 3rd row when considering the transmitting directional filter 15a in frequency band A, the input 15'a of the transmitting directional filter 15a in frequency band A make emission band Tx-A pass through and frequency acceptance band Rx-A is stoped, and make on the contrary at the second interface 15 " the frequency acceptance band Rx-A that the upper existence of a is received by radiator, and emission band Tx-B is stoped.
But duplexing combiner, that is transmitting directional filter 15 pass through based on this and stop band attenuation constructs like this, make stopband attenuation function also effective about whole frequency band B, thus there is the summation effect of stopband attenuation function here, because frequency band B causes the stopband attenuation function for the hope of the frequency band B in the distribution network of frequency band A eventually through the stopband attenuation function of multichannel directional filter 7 and the stopband attenuation function of transmitting directional filter 15 and contributes to this.
Corresponding is passing through and situation during attenuation in the distribution network considering frequency band B on the contrary.
About stopband attenuation, as its multichannel directional filter 7 (double frequency-band combiner) and to launch in directional filter 15 (duplexing combiner) realize, should be mentioned that, in the preferred form of implementation of one, the stopband attenuation of duplexing combiner 15,15a, 15b is greater than the stopband attenuation of multiband or double frequency-band combiner 7.Stopband attenuation preferably at least 5dB, especially at least 10dB, 15dB, 20dB, 30dB, 40dB, 50dB and at least 60dB of multiband combiner 7 should be greater than at the stopband attenuation of this duplexing combiner.
Corresponding transmitting and receiving apparatus as explained can when consider following in and feature realize, described aspect and feature at least provide the advantage of other local.
Therefore advantageously, preferably with logical formal construction multiband combiner 7 and/or duplexing combiner 15m15a, 15b.
At this, such as multichannel directional filter that is duplexing combiner 15,15a, 15b can realize with the frame mode of shielding when use three conductors with strip line techniques or with stripline technique at use two conductors can realize with open frame mode.At this in addition, multichannel directional filter that is duplexing combiner 15 can have matrix.
Prove advantageously equally, multichannel directional filter that is duplexing combiner 15, be in close proximity to radiator 3 in explained embodiment 15a, 15b.
In the embodiment explained, distribution network 9a, 9b of mentioning can also have variable phase shifter equally, to adjust the different angles that has a down dip (angle of depression (Absenkwinkel)) as known per se.