CN105375126A - Lightning protection grounding system of communication base station - Google Patents
Lightning protection grounding system of communication base station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105375126A CN105375126A CN201510847618.6A CN201510847618A CN105375126A CN 105375126 A CN105375126 A CN 105375126A CN 201510847618 A CN201510847618 A CN 201510847618A CN 105375126 A CN105375126 A CN 105375126A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lightning
- base station
- communication base
- tower mast
- lightning protection
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
- H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
- H01T19/04—Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a lightning protection grounding system of a communication base station. The lightning protection grounding system comprises a lightning rod, a grounding down lead, grounding bodies and a tower mast which is used for supporting the lightning rod and the machine room of the communication base station. The tower mast and maintenance platforms fixed on the tower mast are made of polyurethane material with additional arrangement of fibers. The lightning rod is installed at the top part of the tower mast. The grounding down lead penetrates through the center of the tower mast through the bottom part of the lightning rod and is connected with the grounding bodies which are embedded in the ground. According to the lightning protection grounding system of the communication base station, direct lightning and inductive lightning can be effectively resisted so that the lightning protection effect is great.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication base station system, more particularly, relate to a kind of lightning protection earthing system of communication base station.
Background technology
In prior art, along with the fast development telecommunication apparatus of electronic technology is miniaturized, usually adopt large scale integrated circuit.Its supply power voltage drops to a few volt by tens volts, and its information current transmitted has milliampere level to drop to microampere order, and this makes the lightning withstand level of digital communication equipment greatly reduce, and interference is to external world more responsive.Communication base station belongs to horizon communication simultaneously, and its communication all must be contained on the very high hilltop.Under normal conditions, the primary communication device of communication base station, particularly antenna equipment, be in the environment of very severe viewed from lightning protection angle, the chance of being struck by lightning is more.Therefore, the lightning protection anti-interference problem of communication base station microelectronic device is considered on ground of how suiting measures to local conditions comprehensively, the major issue faced when being and solving communication base station design and running.
Researcher has carried out a large amount of research work to the invasion mode of thunder and lightning on the impact of microelectronic device and damage to crops caused by thunder.Particularly, thunder and lightning can be divided into pollution, interference and harm to the influence degree of microelectronic device, and the main path of damage to crops caused by thunder invasion comprises: the direct lightning strike overvoltage on the overhead transmission line that lightning overvoltage during thunderbolt microwave antenna steel tower, microwave station are powered and induction overvoltage.In addition, the strong magnetic field produced around when thunder and lightning flows into ground near be struck by lightning microwave station steel tower or microwave station, will jeopardize microelectronic device in machine room.According to operating experience, when the systematic protection adopting effective anti-direct thunder system to combine with by " shunt--all press--shield--ground connection--interface protection ", can effectively prevent damage to crops caused by thunder from occurring.
Although existing communication base station lightning protection earthing system is gradually improved, but still there is following defect and deficiency in these lightning protection earthing systems.
1) in the station of communication base station, holder tower mast generally has single-pipe tower, three pipe tower or angle steel towers, and it is highly general all within 50 meters, adds the height of lightning rod 2 ~ 4m, is easy to be struck by lightning.In this case, this lightning rod is lightning arrester is also thunder carrying-off device.
2), after lightning rod is struck by lightning, huge lightning current by earth electrode earth impedance produces very high potential drop, thus causes flashover.
3) protected object in lightning rod protection scope generally can not be recruited and is struck by lightning.But, because in thunderbolt station, holder tower mast is made of metal, itself be an extraordinary natural grounding substance, when thunderbolt masthead, the diverting coefficient of waveguide or cable is respectively 0.1136 and 0.085, and the impulse current of about 10% be had to be flowed in machine room by waveguide.
4) on tower mast, be usually also provided with inspection platform, the outer rim railing of inspection platform add and hangs with transmission and transmitting antenna; When being struck by lightning, the atmospheric over-voltage gap between the metal outer of waveguide or cable or electric wire and metal tower mast is less.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the problems referred to above of the prior art, proposes a kind of lightning protection earthing system of communication base station.
The technical scheme solving technical problem of the present invention is: the lightning protection earthing system providing a kind of communication base station, comprises lightning rod, down conductor, earth electrode and the tower mast for the machine room that supports lightning rod and communication base station; Described tower mast and the inspection platform be fixed on described tower mast are made by the polyurethane material being added with fiber; Described lightning rod is installed on described tower mast top, and described down conductor passes the center of described tower mast through the bottom of described lightning rod, and is connected with the described earth electrode be embedded in below ground.
In an embodiment, described lightning protection earthing system comprises multiple described earth electrode, and multiple described earth electrode is distributed in the surrounding of described tower mast radially.
Preferably, the quantity of described earth electrode is 4,6 or 8.
In an embodiment, the lightning protection earthing system of described communication base station also comprises the earthing module be connected with described earth electrode.
In an embodiment, the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station also comprises antenna holder, and the guardrail outer rim that described antenna holder is arranged on described inspection platform is arranged, and added being provided with of described antenna holder is transmitted and transmitting antenna.
Preferably, described inspection platform is carried additionally between the metal parts of the waveguide of transmission and transmitting antenna, cable or electric wire and described down conductor and be provided with gap.
In an embodiment, described machine room is set up on described tower mast, and is provided with default distance with ground.
In an embodiment, the lightning protection earthing system of described communication base station, also comprises floating ground module; Described floating ground module installation in described machine room, and is connected with the shell of described waveguide, cable or electric wire.
Implement the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station of the present invention, its beneficial effect is:
1) adopt lightning rod can neutralize the thundercloud of the little quantity of electric charge, the thunder and lightning also can dredging large charge amount flows into ground.
2) transmission of the guardrail outer rim erection of inspection platform and transmitting antenna and machine room are all within the scope of the shielding angle that lightning rod is very little.When lightning stroke rate, the impulse current in antenna, waveguide, cable inflow machine room can be reduced.
3) tower mast, inspection platform and guardrail are insulator, and its outer rim erection transmission and there is larger physics and clearance for insulation between transmitting antenna and down conductor, direct thunder and induced lightening can be resisted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the distribution schematic diagram of the earth electrode in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the protection range schematic diagram of single lightning rod;
Fig. 4 shows umbrella insulation protection district of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the overall structure of the lightning protection earthing system 100 of the communication base station in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this lightning protection earthing system 100 comprises lightning rod 110, down conductor 120, earth electrode 130 and the tower mast 140 for the machine room 200 that supports lightning rod and communication base station.Wherein, lightning rod 110 is arranged on the top of tower mast 140, this air terminal length about 2 ~ 5m.Tower mast 140 is tubular structure, and down conductor 120 passes the center of tower mast 140 through the bottom of lightning rod 110, and is reliably connected with the earth electrode 130 being embedded in below, ground (non-label) subsequently.
Fig. 2 shows the distribution schematic diagram of the earth electrode in one embodiment of the invention.Include 4 earth electrodes 130 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, this earth electrode 130 is symmetrically distributed in the surrounding of tower mast 140 radially, promptly to carry lightning current to all directions are instantaneous.But, according to other embodiments of the invention, according to the soil of tower mast 140 installation site and weather condition (intensity of lightning current), the quantity of earth electrode 130 can be arranged to 6,8 or other quantity, with in time by defeated for lightning current walk.These earth electrodes 130 are preferred symmetrical around tower mast 140.
In addition, earthing module 150 can also be set according to the soil regime of tower mast 140 installation site.See figures.1.and.2, this earthing module 150 is connected with earth electrode 140, for absorb fast unnecessary do not have defeated walk lightning current.In the present embodiment, earthing module 150 preferably by metal or nonmetally can be made, and it is mainly selected according to the resistivity size of the soil of tower mast 140 installation site.
Further as shown in Figure 1, the machine room 200 of communication base station is set up on tower mast 140, and distance ground is provided with default distance.The inspection platform of communication base station is fixed on tower mast 140, and the guardrail outer rim of inspection platform is also fixedly installed antenna holder 400.Antenna holder 400 is added is provided with transmission needed for various communication and transmitting antenna (not shown).Holding wire is then introduced in machine room along the outer wall of tower mast 140 by waveguide (not shown) or cable.Wherein, in the present embodiment, distance between this machine room 200 and ground is preferably 5 ~ 10m, and is provided with two inspection platforms (first inspection platform 301 and the second inspection platform 302) tower mast 140 is added, and these two inspection platforms are arranged along the length direction interval of tower mast 140.Wherein, the first inspection platform 301 is preferably 5 ~ 6m with the spacing on lightning rod top, and the distance between the second inspection platform 302 and lightning rod top is preferably 10 ~ 11m.
In the present embodiment, this tower mast 140 is the hollow structure of taper, and preferably adopts polyurethane material to be formed according to the mode of certain tapering by pultrusion and winding.Wherein, this tapering is preferably 1: 0,1: 50 or 1: 75.The vertical load that the wall thickness of tower mast 140, the number of plies and diameter can be born needed for it and horizontal load design.
Because polyurethane material has high strength, lightweight, corrosion-resistant, the advantage such as radioresistance, good insulation preformance, weather, and polyurethane material can keep 80-100 not aging.Therefore, the tower mast adopting polyurethane material obtained is longer for useful life, and its integrated cost is lower than steel tube tower.In addition, the additives such as fiber can also be added in polyurethane material, to improve its fire resistance, thermal stability, corrosion resistance and anti-radiation performance.Wherein, this fiber such as glass fibre, military rock fiber, Fypro, polyurethane fiber, carbon fiber etc.
In addition, preferably, the guardrail on inspection platform and inspection platform all preferably adopts the polyurethane material being added with fiber to make, and only has the waveguide for carrying additionally transmission and transmitting antenna, cable or electric wire to have metal parts.In actual installation, this waveguide, cable or electric wire extend to stretch in machine room 200 from the length direction along tower mast 140 being adjoined after antenna holder 400 is drawn this tower mast 140.Because down conductor 120 is positioned at the middle part of tower mast 140, therefore be provided with physical clearance between the metal parts of waveguide, cable or electric wire and down conductor 120, this physical clearance is at least made up of the external diameter of tower mast and metal parts and the distance between this waveguide, cable or electric wire.
In addition, because tower mast 140 and inspection platform are insulator, in the middle part of tower mast and waveguide, cable or electric wire inside be filled with air, and air is from as insulator, therefore, also has clearance for insulation between metal parts and down conductor.
Above-mentioned physical clearance and clearance for insulation are all very large, make to need great lightning current just can make gap breakdown.Therefore, due to the existence of this gap (physical clearance and clearance for insulation), make the lightning protection earthing system in the present embodiment can resist direct thunder and induced lightening.
In order to carry out lightning protection to machine room 200 internal unit, strengthening its lightning protection effect, in the present embodiment, being preferably also provided with floating ground module 160.This floating ground module 160 is arranged in machine room 200, and floating ground module 160 is connected with the shell of waveguide, cable or electric wire further, with the charge inducing of absorbing waveguides pipe, cable or electric wire.In addition, lightning protection device can also be set further in machine room 200, to improve the lightning protection properties of machine room 200.This lightning protection device can adopt lightning protection device well known in the prior art, and the present invention repeats no more.
Fig. 3 shows the protection range of single lightning rod.As shown in Figure 3, for only having for single lightning rod, lightning rod protection radius is on the ground calculated by following equation usually:
r＝1.5hP(1.1)
Wherein, r is the protection radius of lightning rod; H is the height of lightning rod; P is the influence coefficient of height.As h≤30m, P=1; As 30m < h≤120m,
and as h > 120m, then calculate P according to h=120m.
Further as shown in Figure 3, when protected object is in height h
xtime, lightning rod is at h
xprotection radius on horizontal plane is then calculated by following equation:
Work as h
xduring>=0.5h, r
x=(h-h
x) P=h
ap (1.2)
Work as h
xduring < 0.5h, r
x=(1.5h-2h
x) P (1.3)
Wherein, r
xfor lightning rod is at h
xprotection radius on horizontal plane; h
xfor protected object height; H
afor the effective depth of lightning rod.
The relation of machine room of the present invention and inspection platform and lightning rod protection scope is calculated below in conjunction with equation 1.1 ~ 1.3.
Particularly, suppose that the total height of lightning rod and tower mast is 50, air terminal length is 5 meters, and the first inspection platform is apart from 6 meters, lightning rod top (namely the distance at the first inspection platform and tower mast top is 1m); Second inspection platform is apart from 11 meters, lightning rod top (namely the distance at the second inspection platform and tower mast top is 6m), and machine room is apart from 45 meters, lightning rod top (namely the distance at machine room and tower mast top is 40m).
Then calculate known according to equation 1.1, lightning rod protection radius is on the ground 176m.For the first inspection platform and the second inspection platform, its respective h
xall be greater than 0.5h.Therefore, calculate known according to equation 1.2, the first inspection platform height h
xprotection radius on horizontal plane is 14m; And the second inspection platform height h
xprotection radius on horizontal plane is 26m.And for machine room, due to the h of machine room
xbe less than 0.5m, therefore can be calculated this machine room height h according to equation 1.3
xprotection radius on horizontal plane is 152m.
Therefore, obviously, all within the scope of the shielding angle that lightning rod 110 is very little (see Fig. 4), its lightning protection effect is better for the first inspection platform 301, second inspection platform 302 and machine room 200.As can be seen here, the lightning rod in one embodiment of the invention can realize the effective anti-direct thunder of communication base station.Lightning current can be attracted on the lightning rod of metal by this lightning rod, and in the importing ground of safety, thus avoids communication base station equipment and be struck by lightning.
Therefore; when adopting lightning protection earthing system of the present invention; because lightning rod can neutralize the thundercloud of the little quantity of electric charge; also the lightning current of large charge amount can be dredged; therefore, when being struck by lightning lightning rod, huge lightning current will be incorporated into underground by lightning rod and down conductor; and inspection platform, machine room are all in the scope that the shielding angle of lightning rod is very little, the communication base station of employing this kind of lightning protection earthing system anti-direct thunder effectively can be made.Although still there is very high potential drop in that case, and the metal parts generation flashover that lightning current causes neighbouring Electric and magnetic fields to produce strong sudden change causes carrying additionally the waveguide of transmission and transmitting antenna or cable, electric wire, but because tower mast, inspection platform and guardrail are made by the polyurethane material being added with fiber, its good insulating, lightning current can't be transferred in machine room by inspection platform and tower mast etc.In addition, again due to inspection platform is carried additionally physical clearance between the metal parts of transmission and the waveguide of transmitting antenna, cable or electric wire and down conductor and clearance for insulation very large, can effectively resist direct thunder and induced lightening.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.According to design of the present invention, the replacement scheme of other changes a lot of can be had.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a lightning protection earthing system for communication base station, is characterized in that, comprises lightning rod, down conductor, earth electrode and the tower mast for the machine room that supports lightning rod and communication base station; Described tower mast and the inspection platform be fixed on described tower mast are made by the polyurethane material being added with fiber; Described lightning rod is installed on described tower mast top, and described down conductor passes the center of described tower mast through the bottom of described lightning rod, and is connected with the described earth electrode be embedded in below ground.
2. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lightning protection earthing system comprises multiple described earth electrode, and multiple described earth electrode is distributed in the surrounding of described tower mast radially.
3. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the quantity of described earth electrode is 4,6 or 8.
4. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises the earthing module be connected with described earth electrode.
5. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises antenna holder, and the guardrail outer rim that described antenna holder is arranged on described inspection platform is arranged, and added being provided with of described antenna holder is transmitted and transmitting antenna.
6. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described inspection platform is carried additionally between the metal parts of the waveguide of transmission and transmitting antenna, cable or electric wire and described down conductor and is provided with gap.
7. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described machine room is set up on described tower mast, and is provided with default distance with ground.
8. the lightning protection earthing system of communication base station according to claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises floating ground module; Described floating ground module installation in described machine room, and is connected with the shell of described waveguide, cable or electric wire.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510847618.6A CN105375126B (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2015-11-27 | The lightning protection earthing system of communication base station |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510847618.6A CN105375126B (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2015-11-27 | The lightning protection earthing system of communication base station |
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| CN105375126A true CN105375126A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105375126B CN105375126B (en) | 2018-09-21 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111834920A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-27 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Lightning rod and wireless base station iron tower combined construction structure and grounding method thereof |
| CN112086861A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-15 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Transformer substation lightning rod capable of serving as 5G base station antenna tower |
| CN112421382A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Lightning rod device of composite material top mast and integration method |
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| CN103243957A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-14 | 陈国龙 | Communication tower with light weight and high strength |
| CN205303710U (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-06-08 | 胡广生 | Lightning grounding system of communication base station |
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| US20020140623A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-03 | Harrison John W. | Apparatus and method for increasing monopole capacity using internal strengthening |
| CN2721785Y (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-08-31 | 赵欣荣 | Scenery glass fiber reinforced plastic telecommunication tower |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111834920A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-27 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Lightning rod and wireless base station iron tower combined construction structure and grounding method thereof |
| CN112086861A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-15 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Transformer substation lightning rod capable of serving as 5G base station antenna tower |
| CN112421382A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Lightning rod device of composite material top mast and integration method |
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| CN105375126B (en) | 2018-09-21 |
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