CN105374598A - Manufacturing method for coarse oxide particle silver-based electric contact materials - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for coarse oxide particle silver-based electric contact materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN105374598A CN105374598A CN201510745369.XA CN201510745369A CN105374598A CN 105374598 A CN105374598 A CN 105374598A CN 201510745369 A CN201510745369 A CN 201510745369A CN 105374598 A CN105374598 A CN 105374598A
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- powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H49/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of relays or parts thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method for coarse oxide particle silver-based electric contact materials. The method comprises steps of melting, atomization, briquetting, block blank oxidation, ingotting, sintering and hot treatment. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of powder briquetting and block blank oxidation, block blanks with proper density are acquired, oxidation is realized in a certain aerobic environment, the method is different from the routine atomization technology through which pulverization powder is oxidized directly in the air. According to the method, in combination with the proper oxidation step, the powder briquetting step is added to the routine powder oxidation process, a diffusion speed of oxygen into the powder is reduced, so Sn in the block blanks is enabled to diffuse more completely to the surface of the powder, core formation and growth are realized, and thereby the coarse oxide is formed. The wire materials with relatively low hardness are acquired finally, electrical performance of the wire materials is substantially better than that of materials manufactured through the routine manufacturing technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical material, specifically refer to a kind of preparation method of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material.
Background technology
Tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material is ep-type material, is that non-environmental protection silver is oxidized every one of main substitution material, is widely used in the relay fields such as industry, household electrical appliances, automobile.The method preparing tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material has internal oxidation, atomization, powder metallurgic method, chemical method etc., and wherein atomization is one of preparation method comparatively commonly used.Adopt the contact material oxide particle prepared of the method tiny, be evenly distributed, there are good wear resistance, stability etc.
By pertinent literature, the Patents of tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material prepared by the employing atomization process retrieved is as follows:
(1) patent CN102312119A, a kind of preparation method of tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material;
(2) patent CN103184384A, a kind of preparation method of Composite silver stannic oxide electric contact material;
(3) patent CN103639232A, a kind of preparation method of AgSnO2 wire.
Patent (1) adopts the method for melting-atomization-briquetting-extruding-drawing (rolling)-oxidation to prepare tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material, slider material uniform composition, stablize, hardness high high without the poor zoneofoxidation in center of conventional internal oxidition, density.
Patent (2) provides a kind of preparation method of Composite silver stannic oxide electric contact material, the method comprises Sn and mixes → be atomized into alloy powder → screening → controlled atmosphere swirling powder oxidation → finished product with Addition ofelements, the method is applicable to the preparation of the tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material compared with fine grain tin oxide particle, and can ensure that tin oxide particle and associated additives are evenly distributed in silver matrix.
Patent (3) makes Ag alloyed powder, then with SnO by the atomization of Ag+ additive
2powder mixes, and obtain finished silk material through briquetting, sintering, hot extrusion, drawing processing, AgSnO2 wire obtained by this method has SnO
2the advantages such as particle and trace mineral supplement distribution is more even, materials processing function admirable, electric performance stablity.
But, above-mentioned document does not all relate to the preparation method of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material, this patent is by obtaining the compact of certain porosity, and coordinate certain oxidation technology parameter, obtain thick oxide particle, thus reduce contact hardness, improve the stability of contact and improve arc resistant scaling loss performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming and defect existed to overcome prior art, and a kind of preparation method of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material is provided, the tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material that the oxide particle obtained by said method is thick, significantly can reduce the hardness of material, improve the stability of slider material contact and improve the arc resistant scaling loss performance of slider material.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1: silver ingot, tin slab, additive are put into mid-frequency melting furnace melting, then pours middle casting ladle into, by hydraulic atomized obtained AgSn powder;
Step 2: the powder after step 1 being processed, is pressed into compact, the density 60-80% of compact;
Step 3: the compact of step 2 is oxidized under aerobic environment, is specially: first under air conditions, temperature 500-650 DEG C, oxidization time 3-8h; Then, at oxygen pressure 0.5-2Mpa, temperature 650-850 DEG C, oxidation 5-10h;
Step 4: by the compact briquetting after the oxidation of step 3;
Step 5: the spindle sintering after step 4 being processed, multiple pressure, be then thermally processed into a material.
Further setting is described silver ingot, the weight percentages of components of tin slab, additive is: Ag84-89%; Sn10-15%; Surplus is additive.
Further setting to be described described additive be in Co, V, Cr, Nb, Sb, Zn, Sr, Ti, La, Ir any four kinds or any more than four kinds.
Further setting is the compact briquetting pressure 100-200MPa being pressed into compact in described step 2.
Further setting is that the briquetting of described step 4 is of a size of Ф 80-90mm, pressure 30-40MPa.Sintering parameter is 800-850 DEG C, insulation 5-10h.Then pressure is of a size of Ф 82-92mm, pressure 40-60MPa again.
Further setting is the extruding heating-up temperature of described step 5 is 830-900 DEG C, temperature retention time 5-8h, silk material diameter 2-4mm.
Innovation Mechanism of the present invention is: in conventional atomization process, introduce compact pressing step, suitable porosity is obtained by the density adjusting compact, and coordinate certain oxidation technology parameter, thus reduce powder oxidation rate, oxide fully can be grown up by forming core, obtain the tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material that oxide is thick.
The present invention is in the tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material of the thick oxide particle of preparation, committed step is that powder is pressed into compact and oxidation, by obtaining suitable density compact, being oxidized in suitable aerobic environment, being different from conventional atomization process the step being atomized powder and being directly oxidized in atmosphere.
In conventional AgSn powder oxidizing process, AgSn alloy powder has large specific area and chemism and higher volume percentage of GB, Sn and oxygen diffuse through crystal boundary and dislocation short circuit diffusion admittance carries out, oxide-rich tissue is formed at powder edge, because oxidation rate is fast, the oxide of formation material hardness that is tiny, that obtain high (about 100HV-120HV).
Increase briquetting step in conventional powder oxidizing process in the present invention, reduce the speed of oxygen to powder diffusion inside, thus make the Sn of compact inside can be diffused into powder surface, grain nucleation and growth more fully, thus obtain thick oxide.Simultaneously, because the Sn of compact inside is to powder edge-diffusion, formation oxide, powder volume increases, and the hole of compact inside reduces in a large number, causes oxygen to be difficult to be diffused into compact inside, oxidation difficulty, therefore, in oxidizing process, increase high oxygen pressure oxidation step, by suitable pressurization, make oxygen can fully be diffused into compact inside, and significantly not increasing the diffusion velocity of oxygen, such compact inside can obtain thick oxide particle.Final acquisition hardness number is about the silk material finished product of 80HV.
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; only be used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention, the technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of foregoing invention to the present invention.
embodiment one:
(1) silver ingot, tin slab, additive are put into mid-frequency melting furnace melting, composition proportion be Ag84Sn15Co0.1V0.1Cr0.1Nb0.1Sb0.6(by weight percentage), then pour middle casting ladle into, by hydraulic atomized obtained AgSn powder, powder particle mean size is 5-15 micron;
(2) by powder briquetting, pressure 200Mpa, compact density is 80%;
(3) compact is oxidized under aerobic environment, first under air, temperature 500 DEG C of conditions, is oxidized 8h; Then, under oxygen pressure 2Mpa, temperature 650 DEG C of conditions, 10h is oxidized;
(4) the compact briquetting after oxidation, briquetting is of a size of Ф 80mm, pressure 30MPa;
(5) sintered by spindle, press again, sintering parameter is 800 DEG C, insulation 10h, and multiple pressure is of a size of Ф 82mm, pressure 40Mpa.Then be thermally processed into a material, extruding heating-up temperature is 830 DEG C, temperature retention time 8h, silk material diameter 2mm.
(6) above-mentioned specification silk material system is broken into rivet, under inductive load, AC250V, 10A, logical 3s break 3s experimental condition, carry out electrical performance test.
embodiment two:
(1) silver ingot, tin slab, additive are put into mid-frequency melting furnace melting, composition proportion be Ag89Sn10Zn0.1Sr0.1Ti0.1La0.1Zr0.6(by weight percentage), then pour middle casting ladle into, by hydraulic atomized obtained AgSn powder, powder particle mean size is 5-15 micron;
(2) by powder briquetting, by powder briquetting, pressure 100Mpa, compact density is 60%;
(3) compact is oxidized under aerobic environment, first under air, temperature 650 DEG C of conditions, is oxidized 3h; Then, under oxygen pressure 0.5Mpa, temperature 850 DEG C of conditions, 5h is oxidized;
(4) the compact briquetting after oxidation, briquetting is of a size of Ф 90mm, pressure 40MPa;
(5) sintered by ingot blank, press again, sintering parameter is 850 DEG C, insulation 5h, and multiple pressure is of a size of Ф 92mm, pressure 60Mpa.Then spindle is thermally processed into a material.Extruding heating-up temperature is 900 DEG C, temperature retention time 5h, silk material diameter 4mm;
(6) above-mentioned specification silk material system is broken into rivet, under resistive load, DC14V, 25A, logical 3s break 3s experimental condition, carry out electrical performance test.
Being compared as follows shown in table of the physical property of silk material prepared by embodiment one, embodiment two and common process, electrical endurance test number of times.
Material oxidation composition granule of the present invention is thick, hardness is lower, and to improving the stability of contact in contact process, the effect of electric life number of times is remarkable.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1: silver ingot, tin slab, additive are put into mid-frequency melting furnace melting, then pours middle casting ladle into, by hydraulic atomized obtained AgSn powder;
Step 2: the powder after step 1 being processed, is pressed into compact, the density 60-80% of compact;
Step 3: the compact of step 2 is oxidized under aerobic environment, is specially: first under air conditions, temperature 500-650 DEG C, oxidization time 3-8h; Then, at oxygen pressure 0.5-2Mpa, temperature 650-850 DEG C, oxidation 5-10h;
Step 4: by the compact briquetting after the oxidation of step 3;
Step 5: the spindle sintering after step 4 being processed, multiple pressure, be then thermally processed into a material.
2. the preparation method of a kind of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight percentages of components of described silver ingot, tin slab, additive is: Ag84-89%; Sn10-15%; Surplus is additive.
3. the preparation method of a kind of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described additive is any four kinds or any more than four kinds in Co, V, Cr, Nb, Sb, Zn, Sr, Ti, La, Ir.
4. the preparation method of a kind of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the compact briquetting pressure being pressed into compact in described step 2 is 100-200MPa.
5. the preparation method of a kind of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the briquetting of described step 4 is of a size of Ф 80-90mm, pressure 30-40MPa, sintering parameter is 800-850 DEG C, insulation 5-10h, then pressure is of a size of Ф 82-92mm, pressure 40-60MPa again.
6. the preparation method of a kind of thick oxide particle silver-based electric contact material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the extruding heating-up temperature of described step 5 is 830-900 DEG C, temperature retention time 5-8h, silk material diameter 2-4mm.
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| CN201510745369.XA CN105374598A (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | Manufacturing method for coarse oxide particle silver-based electric contact materials |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107619962A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-23 | 常州道博化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of silver-based electric contact material |
| CN112475295A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-12 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Silver iron oxide electric contact material with oxide particles dispersed and distributed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112760513A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 宁波东大神乐电工合金有限公司 | Silver tin oxide electrical contact material and preparation process thereof |
| CN113122745A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-16 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide composite electric contact material |
| CN114086020A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-25 | 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide electric contact material based on spontaneous thermal oxidation process and product thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107619962A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-23 | 常州道博化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of silver-based electric contact material |
| CN112475295A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-12 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Silver iron oxide electric contact material with oxide particles dispersed and distributed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112760513A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 宁波东大神乐电工合金有限公司 | Silver tin oxide electrical contact material and preparation process thereof |
| CN113122745A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-16 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide composite electric contact material |
| CN113122745B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-29 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide composite electric contact material |
| CN114086020A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-25 | 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide electric contact material based on spontaneous thermal oxidation process and product thereof |
| CN114086020B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide electric contact material based on spontaneous thermal oxidation process and product thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160302 |