CN105372708B - Compact thin reservoir prediction method based on equal geological time - Google Patents
Compact thin reservoir prediction method based on equal geological time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a compact thin reservoir prediction method based on equal geological time, which comprises the following steps: carrying out amplitude preservation processing on seismic data containing PP waves and PS waves; combining the full wavetrain logging data to carry out the level interpretation of the large set of mark layers; performing reflection isochronism judgment to obtain geologic time reflection horizons such as a large set of mark layer horizons of PP waves and PS waves; interpolating the equal geologic time reflecting layer positions to obtain PP wave and PS wave target layer thin layer reflecting layer positions at equal geologic time; establishing an initial walking data body; respectively carrying out data alignment on the PP wave and PS wave division offset data, and distributing errors to the initial travel time data volume to obtain a final travel time data volume; and under the constraint of the thin layer reflection position of the PP wave target layer and the thin layer reflection position of the PS wave target layer at the same geological time, performing pre-stack joint inversion on the aligned PP wave division offset data and PS wave division offset data, and predicting by matching with a rock physics interpretation gauge plate to obtain a prediction result of a compact thin reservoir.
Description
Technical field
It is espespecially a kind of based on the thin tight reservoir prediction for waiting Geologic Time the present invention relates to field of petroleum geophysical exploration
Method.
Background technology
With deepening continuously for seismic exploration extent, exploration targets progressively turns to the low hole of thin interbed, hypotonic compact reservoir, and
Key areas as oil-gas exploration, therefore, thin interbed compact reservoir Predicting Technique turn into the important research in domestic and international each oil field
Problem.The reservoir that thickness is less than 1/4 wavelength is typically called thin reservoir, current thin reservoir seismic prediction method has two classes, a class
It is to use poststack seismic attributes analysis, the inverting of poststack seismic data, visualization technology means；Another kind of is using prestack category
The technological means such as property, prestack inversion.
Because thin tight reservoir and country rock wave impedance difference are small, effective reservoir prediction difficulty is big, and gas pay thickness is relative
Relatively thin (<10m), the relatively poor (permeability of physical property<2×10-3μm2), reservoir cross directional variations are big, and earthquake prediction difficulty is big, reservoir
Forecasting Methodology technological means turns to prestack, or even many wave technologies from poststack.Simultaneously because explaining relatively thin purpose reservoir layer
Position is extremely difficult, when being predicted using above two method, and layer position substantially uses drift layer position.In this case,
Some local " when wearing " can be than more serious, then utilizes the reservoir prediction result of the layer position constraint " when wearing ", can exist than larger
Error.
The content of the invention
To solve the forecasting problem of thin tight reservoir, the defect for overcoming restraint layer position " when wearing " to exist, the present invention is based on folded
Preceding many ripple data (PP ripple+PS wave seismic datas), using the constraint of the Geologic Time layer position such as relative, carry out prestack PP+PS simultaneously
Inverting, effective reservoir prediction is carried out to realize to thin tight reservoir.
Thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology proposed by the present invention based on grade Geologic Time, including：Step 1, to including PP ripples
And the geological data of PS ripples carries out relative amplitude preserved processing, the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-division offset distance numbers of prestack trace gather are obtained
According to；Step 2, full wave train log data is combined, the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-division offset distance numbers obtained respectively to step 1
According to big set mark explain position layer by layer, obtaining the big set marks of PP ripples, the big set reference lamina of data and PS ripples is explained in position layer by layer
Explain data in layer position；Step 3, the big set mark of data and PS ripples is explained in position to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Position explains that data carry out reflection isochronism and judged layer by layer, obtains judged result, and carries out layer position and change repeatedly, obtains PP ripples and PS
The big set mark of ripple layer by layer the Geologic Time reflecting layer such as position position；Step 4, Geologic Time reflecting layer position is waited using what step 3 was obtained
The PP ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position and PS ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position of the Geologic Times such as interpolation acquisition；Step 5, utilize
What step 4 was obtained waits the PP ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position constraint of Geologic Time, based on PP wavelength-divisions offset data in step 1
Carry out prestack inversion and obtain P- and S-wave velocity than data volume, set up number when initially walking than data volume according to the P- and S-wave velocity
According to body；Step 6, the big set mark of data and PS ripples position layer by layer is explained in position to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained according to step 2 layer by layer
Explain that data carry out alignment of data to the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-divisions offset data respectively, and error is distributed
Onto the initial Traveltime data body, final Traveltime data body is obtained, it is further that PP wavelength-divisions is inclined using final Traveltime data body
Move and carry out alignment of data away from data and PS wavelength-divisions offset data；Step 7, the PP ripple mesh for waiting Geologic Time obtained in step 4
Layer thin bed reflection layer position and the thin bed reflection of PS ripple target zones layer position constraint under, to the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS ripples
Divide offset data to carry out prestack joint inversion, and coordinate rock physicses interpretation template to be predicted, obtain thin tight reservoir
Predict the outcome.
Further, in step 1, the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS ripples of the prestack trace gather of more than 3 are at least obtained
Divide offset data.
Further, in step 3, data and PS ripples are explained in position to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Position explains that data carry out reflection isochronism and judged to big set mark layer by layer, obtains judged result, and carries out layer position and change repeatedly, obtains
The big set mark of PP ripples and PS ripples layer by layer the Geologic Time reflecting layer such as position position, including：Step 31, the PP ripples obtained to step 2
Position explains that the big set mark position explanation layer by layer data of data and PS ripples carry out small echo frequency dividing respectively to big set mark layer by layer, to small wavelength-division
Data after frequency carry out earthquake inclination angle estimation, obtain the inclination angle of high and low frequency；Step 32, when the inclination angle difference of high and low frequency is higher than or
During equal to threshold value, layer position is modified, and recalculates the inclination angle of high and low frequency, when the inclination angle difference of high and low frequency is less than threshold value
When, when judgement seismic reflection axle is grade, and under the control that isochronism is analyzed, the big set mark of acquisition PP ripples and PS ripples is layer by layer
The Geologic Time reflecting layer such as position position.
The thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology based on grade Geologic Time of the present invention can be in PP+PS points of offset distance data of earthquake
On the basis of, earthquake isochronism analytical technology is introduced, layer position " when wearing " problem of target zone thin layer is solved, and the geology such as utilizes
The constraint of the layer position of time, carries out prestack PP+PS Simultaneous Inversions, can further obtain precision and the higher elasticity ginseng of resolution ratio
Number body, is explained with reference to rock physicses interpretation template, so as to improve the ability and well prognosis of the thin reservoir prediction of earthquake
Success rate, is particularly suitable for use in the prediction of fine and close gas field thin reservoir.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, not
Constitute limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart based on the thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology for waiting Geologic Time of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 for the big set mark of PP, PS point offset data of a specific embodiment of the invention, show layer by layer by position explanation results
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 overlaps schematic diagram for the PP wavelength-division offset distance sections of a specific embodiment of the invention with the poor body in inclination angle.
Fig. 4 is a specific embodiment of the invention in geology such as the target zones that interpolation is obtained on the basis of isochronism analysis
Interbed position schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are respectively the elastic parameter knot of the prestack PP+PS joint inversions acquisition of a specific embodiment of the invention
Fruit and intersection result schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Coordinate diagram and presently preferred embodiments of the present invention below, the present invention is expanded on further to reach predetermined goal of the invention institute
The technological means taken.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart based on the thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology for waiting Geologic Time of one embodiment of the invention.Such as Fig. 1
Shown, this method includes：
1st, it is a kind of based on etc. Geologic Time thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology, it is characterised in that this method includes：
Step 1, relative amplitude preserved processing is carried out to the geological data for involving PS ripples comprising PP, obtains the PP wavelength-divisions skew of prestack trace gather
Away from data and PS wavelength-division offset datas.Wherein, the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and n of n (n >=3) individual prestack trace gather are at least obtained
The PS ripples (converted wave) of (n >=3) individual prestack trace gather point offset data.
Step 2, full wave train log data is combined, the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-divisions obtained respectively to step 1 is inclined
Move the big set mark away from data to explain position layer by layer, obtaining the big set marks of PP ripples, the big set of data and PS ripples is explained in position layer by layer
Data are explained in position to mark layer by layer.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 divides the big set mark position explanation layer by layer of offset data for PP, PS of a specific embodiment
Result schematic diagram.Using full wave train log data, PP and PS points of offset datas, and explanation of seismic axis of reflection respectively are demarcated respectively
Position is respectively q5_PP, tc2_PP and q5_PS, tc2_PS to the relatively continuous big set mark for being preferably easy to follow the trail of layer by layer.
Step 3, the big set mark of data and PS ripples position layer by layer is explained in position to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Explain that data carry out reflection isochronism and judged, obtain judged result, and carry out layer position and change repeatedly, obtain the big of PP ripples and PS ripples
Cover the mark Geologic Time reflecting layer such as position position layer by layer.
Specifically, step 3 includes：
Step 31, the big set mark of data and PS ripples is explained layer by layer in position to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Position explains that data carry out small echo frequency dividing respectively, and the data after being divided to small echo carry out earthquake inclination angle estimation, obtains inclining for high and low frequency
Angle；
Step 32, when the inclination angle difference of high and low frequency is greater than or equal to threshold value, layer position is modified, and recalculates
The inclination angle of high and low frequency, when the inclination angle difference of high and low frequency is less than threshold value, it is when waiting to judge seismic reflection axle.With reference to Fig. 3 institutes
Show, Fig. 3 overlaps schematic diagram for the PP wavelength-division offset distance sections of a specific embodiment with the poor body in inclination angle.As can be seen from the figure q5_
PP, tc2_PP inclination angle difference are smaller, it is believed that during q5_PP, tc2_PP axis of reflection etc., can similarly analyze the layer position on PS wave profiles
Q5_PS, tc2_PS isochronism.Under the control that isochronism is analyzed, the big set mark of PP ripples and PS ripples position etc. layer by layer can be obtained
Geologic Time reflecting layer position.
Step 4, the PP ripple target zones for waiting the Geologic Times such as Geologic Time reflecting layer position interpolation acquisition obtained using step 3
Thin bed reflection layer position and PS ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position.
Specifically, analyzed by back obtain q5_PP, tc2_PP on PP point offset distance sections etc. Geologic Time layer
Position (being q5_PS, tc2_PS on PS points of offset distance sections), is abandoned in the past by translating tc2_PP or q5_PP (PS points of offset distances
On section for translation tc2_PS or q5_PS) obtain purpose of horizon h7_PP, h8_PP way because translation result it is a lot
When be " when wearing ", the present invention using etc. between Geologic Time layer position q5_PP, tc2_PP decile interpolation obtain layer position h7_PP,
H8_PP, so can as much as possible ensure the layer position obtained to wait Geologic Time.As shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 is a specific implementation
The Geologic Time layer such as target zone that interpolation is obtained on the basis of isochronism analysis of example position schematic diagram.Circled translation layer position is not
Target zone sand body can be included, and the grade Geologic Time layer position that interpolation is obtained can include the sand body of target zone.
Step 5, the PP ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position for waiting Geologic Time obtained using step 4 is constrained, based on step 1
Middle PP wavelength-divisions offset data carries out prestack inversion and obtains P- and S-wave velocity than data volume (Vp/Vs bodies), according to described longitudinal and transverse
Wave velocity sets up initial Traveltime data body than data volume.
Step 6, the big set mark of data and PS ripples is explained layer by layer in position to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained according to step 2 layer by layer
Position explains that data carry out alignment of data to the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-divisions offset data respectively, and error is divided
It is fitted on the initial Traveltime data body, final Traveltime data body is obtained, using final Traveltime data body further by PP wavelength-divisions
Offset data and PS wavelength-divisions offset data carry out alignment of data, PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-divisions after being alignd
Offset data.
Step 7, the PP ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position and the PS ripple target zone thin layers that wait Geologic Time obtained in step 4
Under the constraint of reflecting layer position, prestack joint is carried out to the PP wavelength-divisions offset data after the alignment and PS wavelength-divisions offset data
Inverting, and coordinate rock physicses interpretation template to be predicted, obtain predicting the outcome for thin tight reservoir.
Specifically, step 7 is point offset distance partial stack data using the individual PP ripples of m (m >=6) and PS ripples (when PP is walked),
Prestack PP+PS joint inversions are done in the case where waiting position constraint of Geologic Time layer.
With reference to shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are respectively that the prestack PP+PS joint inversions of a specific embodiment are obtained
The elastic parameter result and intersection result schematic diagram obtained.It can be seen that High Accuracy and High Resolution can be obtained by step 7
The elastic parameter body such as p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, Poisson's ratio of rate, and then intersecting for p-wave impedance and Poisson's ratio can be obtained
Body.Gas sand point in rock physicses template can be drawn a circle to approve with this, be then mapped on prestack PP+PS inverting sections and realize earthquake
Effective reservoir identification on section.
The thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology based on grade Geologic Time of the present invention can be in PP+PS points of offset distance data of earthquake
On the basis of, earthquake isochronism analytical technology is introduced, layer position " when wearing " problem of target zone thin layer is solved, and the geology such as utilizes
The constraint of the layer position of time, carries out prestack PP+PS Simultaneous Inversions, can further obtain precision and the higher elasticity ginseng of resolution ratio
Number body, is explained with reference to rock physicses interpretation template, so as to improve the ability and well prognosis of the thin reservoir prediction of earthquake
Success rate, is particularly suitable for use in the prediction of fine and close gas field thin reservoir.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out further in detail to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Scope is protected, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc. should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of based on the thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology for waiting Geologic Time, it is characterised in that this method includes：
Step 1, relative amplitude preserved processing is carried out to the geological data for involving PS ripples comprising PP, obtains the PP wavelength-division offset distance numbers of prestack trace gather
According to PS wavelength-division offset datas；
Step 2, full wave train log data is combined, the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-division offset distances obtained respectively to step 1
The big set mark of data is explained position layer by layer, and obtaining the big set marks of PP ripples, the big set mark of data and PS ripples is explained in position layer by layer
Data are explained in position layer by layer；
Step 3, position explains that position is explained layer by layer for the big set mark of data and PS ripples to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Data carry out reflection isochronism and judged, obtain judged result, and carry out layer position and change repeatedly, obtain the big set mark of PP ripples and PS ripples
Will layer by layer the Geologic Time reflecting layer such as position position；
Step 4, the PP ripple target zone thin layers for waiting the Geologic Times such as Geologic Time reflecting layer position interpolation acquisition obtained using step 3
Reflecting layer position and PS ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position；
Step 5, the PP ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position for waiting Geologic Time obtained using step 4 is constrained, based on PP in step 1
Wavelength-division offset data carries out prestack inversion and obtains P- and S-wave velocity than data volume, compares data volume according to the P- and S-wave velocity
Set up initial Traveltime data body；
Step 6, position explains that position is solved layer by layer for the big set mark of data and PS ripples to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained according to step 2 layer by layer
Release data and alignment of data is carried out to the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-divisions offset data respectively, and error is assigned to
On the initial Traveltime data body, final Traveltime data body is obtained, further PP wavelength-divisions are offset using final Traveltime data body
Alignment of data is carried out away from data and PS wavelength-divisions offset data, PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-divisions skew after being alignd
Away from data；
Step 7, the PP ripple target zones thin bed reflection layer position and the PS ripple target zone thin bed reflections that wait Geologic Time obtained in step 4
Under the constraint of layer position, prestack joint is carried out to the PP wavelength-divisions offset data after the alignment and PS wavelength-divisions offset data anti-
Drill, and coordinate rock physicses interpretation template to be predicted, obtain predicting the outcome for thin tight reservoir.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on the thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology for waiting Geologic Time, it is characterised in that in step 1,
At least obtain the PP wavelength-divisions offset data and PS wavelength-division offset datas of the prestack trace gather of more than 3.
3. it is according to claim 2 based on the thin tight reservoir Forecasting Methodology for waiting Geologic Time, it is characterised in that in step 3,
Position explains that the big set mark position explanation layer by layer data of data and PS ripples are carried out instead to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Isochronism judgement is penetrated, judged result is obtained, and carries out layer position and change repeatedly, the big set mark of PP ripples and PS ripples position etc. layer by layer is obtained
Geologic Time reflecting layer position, including：
Step 31, position explains that position is solved layer by layer for the big set mark of data and PS ripples to the big set mark of the PP ripples obtained to step 2 layer by layer
Release data and carry out small echo frequency dividing respectively, the data after being divided to small echo carry out earthquake inclination angle estimation, obtain the inclination angle of high and low frequency；
Step 32, when the inclination angle difference of high and low frequency is greater than or equal to threshold value, layer position is modified, and recalculates high and low
The inclination angle of frequency, when the inclination angle difference of high and low frequency is less than threshold value, when judgement seismic reflection axle is grade, and in isochronism analysis
Control under, obtain the big set mark of the PP ripples and PS ripples Geologic Time reflecting layer such as position position layer by layer.
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