CN105372283A - Device for on-line measurement of soluble impurities in sodium - Google Patents
Device for on-line measurement of soluble impurities in sodium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105372283A CN105372283A CN201510881566.4A CN201510881566A CN105372283A CN 105372283 A CN105372283 A CN 105372283A CN 201510881566 A CN201510881566 A CN 201510881566A CN 105372283 A CN105372283 A CN 105372283A
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/12—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of critical point; of other phase change
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于材料分析的装置，特别涉及一种在线测量钠中可溶性杂质的装置。The invention relates to a device for material analysis, in particular to a device for online measurement of soluble impurities in sodium.
背景技术Background technique
在快中子反应堆钠回路、钠试验回路等回路中，为了运行安全或达到特定实验目的，获知钠中可溶性杂质的浓度十分重要。In fast neutron reactor sodium loops, sodium test loops and other loops, it is very important to know the concentration of soluble impurities in sodium for operational safety or to achieve specific experimental purposes.
目前，国际上有关机构对钠回路中可溶性杂质浓度的分析方法公开甚少，较少涉及所采用的分析装置，难以构成可供参考的有效技术方案。At present, the relevant international institutions disclose little about the analysis methods for the concentration of soluble impurities in the sodium circuit, and few involve the analysis devices used, so it is difficult to form an effective technical solution for reference.
而国内的钠回路中可溶性杂质浓度的分析方法主要依靠离线取样方式对所取样品进行逐一分析。由于离线取样本身容易引入较多误差，而且耗时至少两天，因此远不能满足钠回路中可溶性杂质浓度的分析需要。However, domestic analysis methods for the concentration of soluble impurities in the sodium circuit mainly rely on off-line sampling to analyze the samples taken one by one. Since the offline sampling itself is easy to introduce more errors and takes at least two days, it is far from meeting the analysis needs of the concentration of soluble impurities in the sodium circuit.
除此之外，洪顺章等研制过一种自动阻塞计(参见：洪顺章，张忠等，“测定钠中杂质的自动阻塞计的研制”，原子能科学技术，1994，28(1)：62-67。)，该自动阻塞计采用“中心杆式”结构，能够实现钠回路中可溶性杂质浓度的在线分析。其主要工作原理为：在测量时，封闭中心孔，让钠流通过4个小孔；不测量时打开中心孔，使钠流通过中心孔，其缺点是含有可动机械部件，容易卡住，可靠性低，同时其流量不稳定，测量准确度不高。In addition, Hong Shunzhang et al. have developed an automatic blockage meter (referring to: Hong Shunzhang, Zhang Zhong, etc., "Development of an automatic blockage meter for measuring impurities in sodium", Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 1994, 28 (1): 62-67 .), the automatic blockage meter adopts a "central rod" structure, which can realize the online analysis of the concentration of soluble impurities in the sodium circuit. Its main working principle is: when measuring, close the central hole and let the sodium flow pass through the 4 small holes; open the central hole when not measuring, so that the sodium flow passes through the central hole. The disadvantage is that it contains movable mechanical parts, which are easy to get stuck. The reliability is low, and its flow is unstable at the same time, and the measurement accuracy is not high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决现有钠回路中可溶性杂质浓度分析装置存在的可靠性低、准确度不高等问题，本发明提供了一种在线测量钠中可溶性杂质的装置。In order to solve the problems of low reliability and low accuracy existing in the soluble impurity concentration analysis device in the sodium circuit, the invention provides a device for online measurement of the soluble impurity in sodium.
该装置包括过滤器、溢流阀、换热器、流量计和冷却风机；所述过滤器的入口与取样管路相连通，过滤器的出口通过管路分别与换热器的入口、溢流阀的入口相连通；所述换热器的出口通过管路与流量计的入口相连通；所述流量计的出口与回流管路相连通；所述溢流阀的出口与回流管路相连通；所述换热器为套管式结构，其外管两端封闭，内管由外管一封闭端开口处伸入外管内部且不与外管另一封闭端接触，内管与外管连接处采用密封连接，内管伸出外管外部的部分形成换热器出口，换热器出口端的外管外壁上设有换热器入口；换热器上远离其出口的封闭端为冷却端，该冷却端设有测温装置。The device includes a filter, an overflow valve, a heat exchanger, a flow meter and a cooling fan; the inlet of the filter is connected with the sampling pipeline, and the outlet of the filter is respectively connected with the inlet and the overflow of the heat exchanger through the pipeline. The inlet of the valve is connected; the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the flowmeter through a pipeline; the outlet of the flowmeter is connected with the return pipeline; the outlet of the overflow valve is connected with the return pipeline ; The heat exchanger is a casing structure, the two ends of the outer tube are closed, the inner tube extends into the inside of the outer tube from the opening of one closed end of the outer tube and does not contact the other closed end of the outer tube, and the inner tube and the outer tube The connection adopts a sealed connection, the part of the inner tube protruding from the outer tube forms the outlet of the heat exchanger, and the outer wall of the outer tube at the outlet end of the heat exchanger is provided with an inlet of the heat exchanger; the closed end of the heat exchanger away from the outlet is the cooling end, The cooling end is provided with a temperature measuring device.
所述过滤器的出口处设有总流量计为优选。It is preferred that the outlet of the filter is provided with a total flow meter.
所述冷却端的外壁上设有冷却翅片为优选。Preferably, cooling fins are provided on the outer wall of the cooling end.
所述测温装置优选为热电偶。The temperature measuring device is preferably a thermocouple.
本发明通过对由钠管路引出的液钠流进行冷却的方式，利用液钠中的可溶性杂质(主要包括Na2O和NaH等)在较低温度时易于析出的特点，令其在特定部位冷却析出，使该部位的流路截面降低形成阻碍，降低该流路的流量，而流量降低时该特定部位的温度即可反映出液钠中的可溶性杂质总含量。液钠中的可溶性杂质总含量也可以采用综合性可溶性杂质(以氧含量计)来表示，具体数据计算可以采用下述公式(1)。The present invention cools the liquid sodium flow drawn from the sodium pipeline, and utilizes the characteristics that soluble impurities in liquid sodium (mainly including Na2O and NaH, etc.) Cooling and precipitation will reduce the cross-section of the flow path at this part to form an obstacle and reduce the flow rate of the flow path. When the flow rate decreases, the temperature of the specific part can reflect the total content of soluble impurities in the liquid sodium. The total content of soluble impurities in liquid sodium can also be represented by comprehensive soluble impurities (in terms of oxygen content), and the specific data can be calculated using the following formula (1).
lgc＝6.2571-2444.5/T(1)lgc=6.2571-2444.5/T(1)
其中：c为综合性可溶性杂质含量(以氧含量计)，单位为10-6g/g；T为钠中可溶性杂质开始冷却析出时的温度，单位为K。Wherein: c is the comprehensive soluble impurity content (in terms of oxygen content), the unit is 10 -6 g/g; T is the temperature when the soluble impurities in sodium begin to cool and precipitate, and the unit is K.
本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质装置首先以过滤器对钠中可能存在的固体颗粒状杂质进行过滤，避免影响测量；溢流阀能够确保进入换热器的钠流量恒定，保证了设备工作过程中的稳定；换热器出口的流量计用于检测钠流量的变化；换热器用于钠流的冷却，以及进入的热钠与离开的冷钠之间的换热；热电偶用于钠温的测量；风机用于换热器冷却端的冷却。The device for online measurement of soluble impurities in sodium first uses a filter to filter solid particulate impurities that may exist in sodium to avoid affecting the measurement; the overflow valve can ensure that the flow of sodium entering the heat exchanger is constant, ensuring the working process of the equipment The flowmeter at the outlet of the heat exchanger is used to detect the change of the sodium flow; the heat exchanger is used for the cooling of the sodium flow, and the heat exchange between the incoming hot sodium and the outgoing cold sodium; the thermocouple is used for the sodium temperature The measurement; the fan is used for the cooling of the cooling end of the heat exchanger.
综上所述，本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质装置能够较好的实现钠回路中可溶性杂质浓度的在线分析。由于未采用可动部件，因此工作过程稳定可靠，不易发生堵塞，具有很高的可靠性。所采用的在线分析方式分析速度快，测量全过程可控制在0.5小时内，操作便捷，避免了离线取样带来的误差及样品浪费，能够及时、准确获得钠回路中的可溶性杂质浓度，为钠回路的运行提供实时的数据参考。To sum up, the device for online measurement of soluble impurities in sodium according to the present invention can better realize the online analysis of the concentration of soluble impurities in the sodium circuit. Since no moving parts are used, the working process is stable and reliable, and it is not easy to be blocked, and has high reliability. The online analysis method adopted has a fast analysis speed, the whole measurement process can be controlled within 0.5 hours, the operation is convenient, the error and sample waste caused by offline sampling are avoided, and the concentration of soluble impurities in the sodium circuit can be obtained timely and accurately. The operation of the loop provides real-time data reference.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质装置示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an on-line measuring device for soluble impurities in sodium of the present invention.
图2本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质装置换热器剖面图。Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the heat exchanger of the device for on-line measurement of soluble impurities in sodium of the present invention.
附图标记：1.过滤器，2.总流量计，3.溢流阀，4.流量计，5.换热器，6.冷却翅片，7.热电偶，8.冷却风机，9.换热器入口，10.换热器出口，11.外管，12.内管。Reference signs: 1. filter, 2. total flow meter, 3. overflow valve, 4. flow meter, 5. heat exchanger, 6. cooling fin, 7. thermocouple, 8. cooling fan, 9. Heat exchanger inlet, 10. Heat exchanger outlet, 11. Outer tube, 12. Inner tube.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式做进一步的说明。Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
如附图1-2所示，本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质的装置包括过滤器、溢流阀、换热器、流量计和冷却风机；所述过滤器的入口与取样管路相连通，过滤器的出口通过管路分别与换热器的入口、溢流阀的入口相连通；所述换热器的出口通过管路与流量计的入口相连通；所述流量计的出口与回流管路相连通；所述溢流阀的出口与回流管路相连通；所述换热器为套管式结构，其外管两端封闭，内管由外管一封闭端开口处伸入外管内部且不与外管另一封闭端接触，内管与外管连接处采用密封连接，内管伸出外管外部的部分形成换热器出口，换热器出口端的外管外壁上设有换热器入口；换热器上远离其出口的封闭端为冷却端，该冷却端设有测温装置。As shown in accompanying drawing 1-2, the device of online measurement sodium soluble impurity of the present invention comprises filter, overflow valve, heat exchanger, flowmeter and cooling fan; The inlet of described filter is communicated with sampling pipeline , the outlet of the filter communicates with the inlet of the heat exchanger and the inlet of the overflow valve through pipelines; the outlet of the heat exchanger communicates with the inlet of the flowmeter through pipelines; the outlet of the flowmeter communicates with the return flow The pipeline is connected; the outlet of the overflow valve is connected with the return pipeline; the heat exchanger is a casing structure, the two ends of the outer tube are closed, and the inner tube extends into the outer tube from the opening of the closed end of the outer tube. The inside of the tube is not in contact with the other closed end of the outer tube. The joint between the inner tube and the outer tube is sealed. The part of the inner tube protruding from the outer tube forms the outlet of the heat exchanger. The inlet of the heat exchanger; the closed end of the heat exchanger away from its outlet is the cooling end, and the cooling end is equipped with a temperature measuring device.
所述过滤器的出口处还可以设有总流量计；所述冷却端的外壁上可以设有冷却翅片；所述测温装置可以选用热电偶。The outlet of the filter can also be provided with a total flow meter; the outer wall of the cooling end can be provided with cooling fins; the temperature measuring device can be a thermocouple.
实施例2Example 2
将本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质的装置应用于某钠回路的可溶性杂质浓度的分析，其主要过程如下：Apply the device of the present invention for on-line measurement of soluble impurities in sodium to the analysis of the concentration of soluble impurities in a certain sodium circuit, the main process is as follows:
(一)对整个装置进行预热，使其温度上升至约200℃后，保持恒温。(1) Preheat the whole device, make its temperature rise to about 200°C, and then keep it at a constant temperature.
(二)由取样管路引入待分析钠流，并使通过总流量计的钠流量为0.5ˉ1m3/h。(2) Introduce the sodium flow to be analyzed from the sampling pipeline, and make the sodium flow through the total flow meter 0.5ˉ1m 3 /h.
(三)启动冷却风机对换热器冷却端进行冷却，使其温度缓慢平稳下降；待流量计的流量值开始下降时(为便于读取数据，此次选用下降至原始流量的98％)，记录测温装置的温度值，并关闭风机。(3) Start the cooling fan to cool the cooling end of the heat exchanger, so that the temperature drops slowly and steadily; when the flow value of the flowmeter starts to drop (in order to facilitate reading data, this selection drops to 98% of the original flow), Record the temperature value of the temperature measuring device and turn off the fan.
(四)将该温度值代入公式(1)，计算得出液钠中的综合性可溶性杂质含量。(4) Substitute this temperature value into formula (1), calculate the comprehensive soluble impurity content in the liquid sodium.
实际应用表明：本发明的在线测量钠中可溶性杂质装置工作过程稳定可靠，分析速度快，操作便捷，所得测量结果较为准确。Practical applications show that the online measuring device for soluble impurities in sodium has a stable and reliable working process, fast analysis speed, convenient operation and relatively accurate measurement results.
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| CN111707703A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A blockage meter capable of fast unblocking and a structure using the blockage meter |
| CN112763369A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Experimental device for impurity heterogeneous crystallization in sodium |
| CN115452886A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-09 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for content of soluble impurities in solution |
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| CN115452886A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-09 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for content of soluble impurities in solution |
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Application publication date: 20160302 |