CN105371282A - low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and combustion method - Google Patents
low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105371282A CN105371282A CN201510909477.6A CN201510909477A CN105371282A CN 105371282 A CN105371282 A CN 105371282A CN 201510909477 A CN201510909477 A CN 201510909477A CN 105371282 A CN105371282 A CN 105371282A
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- incinerator
- flue
- air channel
- air
- flue gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and a combustion method. The garbage incinerator comprises a garbage incinerator grate and a flue, wherein the garbage incinerator grate is positioned in a hearth; and the flue is positioned above the front end of the garbage incinerator grate. The garbage incinerator is characterized by further comprising a first extraction opening and a main air duct pipe; the first extraction opening is formed above the hearth at the tail end of the garbage incinerator; the two ends of the main air duct pipe are respectively communicated with the first extraction opening and the flue; and a cyclone separator is also arranged at one end, close to the first extraction opening, of the main air duct pipe, and is used for purifying flue gas extracted from the first extraction opening and spraying the purified flue gas in the flue. The low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and the combustion method have the advantages that (1) the discharges of NOX and flying ash generated by the incinerator are reduced synchronously; and (2) the dust content in the flue of a low-nitrogen combustion system and a draught fan is reduced greatly, so that the possibilities of dust collection and wear are low, and the service life of the low-nitrogen combustion system is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of waste incineration, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of incinerator and combustion method of low nitrogen burning, relate more specifically to a kind ofly reduce incinerator NOx emission and the incinerator outlet method of fly ash emission and device can be reduced, belong to waste incineration and generating electricity field.
Background technology
In the use procedure of domestic waste incineration row, the effect of feed fire grate is very crucial, its reliability directly affects the reliability of whole incinerator or even whole burning power plant, thus have impact on domestic rubbish disposal ability and the economic benefit of whole burning power plant.
Existing waste incineration many employings mechanical garbage incinerator, the incinerator shown in Fig. 1 is just one wherein.As shown in Figure 1, described incinerator comprises charging aperture 101, feed fire grate 102, the fire grate 103 for waste incineration being positioned at burner hearth, the First air air feed system 104 being positioned at transmit bed bottom, the Secondary Air air feed system 105 being positioned at furnace throat portion and slag extractor 106.In addition, incinerator also comprise be positioned at above described fire grate 103, the flue of charging aperture 101 front end, for discharging flue gas.Rubbish pours described incinerator into from charging aperture, entered by rubbish described in the reciprocating effect of feed fire grate on the siege in described incinerator and burn, described in described dryer section, rubbish is dried, is dewatered, described rubbish mainly burns at described burning zone, rubbish through after-flame section has burnt totally, remaining slag enters slag extractor afterwards, is discharged out of the furnace by slag extractor.Wherein said First air is sent into from the air compartment bottom described transmit bed, and described Secondary Air is sent into from the furnace throat portion of described incinerator.
A large amount of nitrogen oxide (NO can be produced in Refuse Incineration Process
x), nitrogen oxide (NO
x) be pernicious gas, it is larger to the harm of human body and environment.Existing reduction NO
xdischarge major technique master have SNCR and SCR, its principle by reducing agent by the NO in flue gas
xbe reduced to nitrogen, but it can not suppress NO the process of burning from source in incinerator
xproduce, and need to supplement reducing agent or catalyst constantly, operating cost is higher.
In addition, low-NO_x combustion technology is a kind of denitration in the stove technology, and its method by control combustion technique suppresses NO
xthe generation in incinerator.In stove, denitrogenation is compared with SNCR and SCR, have be widely used, the advantage such as structure is simple, economical and effective, but low-NO_x combustion technology is mainly used in the denitration of coal-burning boiler.In field of waste incineration, existing low-NO_x combustion technology is mainly flue gas recirculating technique, namely from waste heat boiler go out after or flue gas purification system go out a certain amount of flue gas of rear extraction, by the nozzle in burner hearth by the flue gas of extraction again denitration enter burner hearth, to reduce the oxygen content in burner hearth, thus the NO produced in suppression combustion process
xbut this technical equipment cost is high, and operation and maintenance cost is high.
Although can also by extracting the gas of burner hearth afterbody in prior art, and sprayed into first flue in incinerator exit, with the generation of control NOx, but adopt and the flying dust in incinerator can be extracted in the lump in this way, thus there is the risk increasing boiler export flue gas flying dust amount.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of incinerator, effectively solve the stuck problem of pusher dolly, make the distribution of house refuse on fire grate more even simultaneously, improve combustion efficiency.
The present invention is in order to solve problems of the prior art, provide a kind of incinerator of low nitrogen burning, comprise the garbage incinerator fire grate being positioned at burner hearth and the flue be positioned at above described garbage incinerator fire grate front end, it is characterized in that, described incinerator also comprises the first bleeding point and air channel supervisor;
Wherein, described first bleeding point is arranged at the top of described incinerator end burner hearth, the two ends of described air channel supervisor are communicated with described first bleeding point and described flue respectively, the upper one end near described first bleeding point of described air channel supervisor is also provided with cyclone separator, for purifying the flue gas that extracts from described first bleeding point and being injected to described flue.
Alternatively, the described air channel supervisor near described flue one end is divided into two air channel arms, and described two air channel arms are communicated with the both sides of described flue respectively.
Alternatively, described air channel arm is connected with the nozzle header being arranged on described flue both sides by the 3rd MOD, and wherein, described nozzle header is also provided with nozzle, and described nozzle inserts in described flue.
Alternatively, the described nozzle in two described air channel arms is equally spaced to be arranged in respective described nozzle header and in the described flue of relative insertion.
Alternatively, described incinerator also comprises the overfire air jet being positioned at furnace throat portion, and the nozzle in the arm of wherein said air channel is positioned at the top of described overfire air jet.
Alternatively, the flue sectional area at the nozzle place in the arm of described air channel is less than the flue sectional area at described overfire air jet place.
Present invention also offers a kind of combustion method based on above-mentioned incinerator, comprise the following steps:
Step S1: open blower fan in Refuse Incineration Process, enters air channel supervisor to make the flue gas extracted from described first bleeding point of described incinerator afterbody;
Step S2: described flue gas is sprayed in described cyclone separator through described air channel supervisor, gas solid separation is carried out to described flue gas, removes the flying dust in described flue gas;
Step S3: spray in described flue by the described flue gas after purification, mix with the flue gas in described flue, to reduce the oxygen content in this region, suppresses NO
xgeneration and the part NO that reduces
x.
Alternatively, in the process excess air coefficient in described incinerator is controlled in the scope of 1.4 ~ 1.65, and the ratio of First air and Secondary Air is 8:2.
Alternatively, the amount of described flue gas extracted from described first bleeding point in described step S1 is 25% ~ 35% of First air air quantity.
Alternatively, in described step S1 and described step S2, in described air channel supervisor, the flow velocity of described flue gas is 15m/s ~ 20m/s; Described flue gas flow rate in the first bleeding point described in described step S1 is less than 10m/s.
Alternatively, described method is also further comprising the steps: when described incinerator breaks down, close the first MOD on the supervisor of described air channel, open the second MOD on air supervisor simultaneously, to make the air in boiler room enter main air duct from the second bleeding point, and spray into described flue through nozzle.
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of low nitrogen burning method and device of incinerator, low nitrogen burning system improvement method and the device of described a kind of incinerator extract a certain amount of flue gas from incinerator afterbody, after being filtered by cyclone separator, the first flue is sprayed into, to reduce the content of incinerator exit NOx and flying dust by nozzle.
The advantage of apparatus and method of the present invention is:
1) reduce NOX and the fly ash emission amount of incinerator generation simultaneously;
2) greatly reduce the dust content in low nitrogen burning system flue and blower fan, make it not easily dust stratification and wearing and tearing, extend the life-span that system uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Following accompanying drawing of the present invention in this as a part of the present invention for understanding the present invention.Shown in the drawings of embodiments of the invention and description thereof, be used for explaining device of the present invention and principle.In the accompanying drawings,
The structure chart of incinerator in Fig. 1 prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the incinerator of low nitrogen burning of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing identifies
101, charging aperture 102, feed fire grate
103, fire grate 104, First air air feed system
105, Secondary Air air feed system 106, slag extractor
1, incinerator 2, first bleeding point
3, the first MOD 4, second MOD
5, the second bleeding point 6, Venturi meter
7, cyclone separator 8, blower fan
9, temperature sensor 10, pressure sensor
11, the 3rd MOD 12, nozzle header
13, nozzle 14, overfire air jet
Detailed description of the invention
In the following description, a large amount of concrete details is given to provide more thorough understanding of the invention.But, it is obvious to the skilled person that the present invention can be implemented without the need to these details one or more.In other example, in order to avoid obscuring with the present invention, technical characteristics more well known in the art are not described.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, by following description, detailed step is proposed, to explain sewage plant sludge modification drying method for treating and the sewage plant sludge treatment system of the present invention's proposition.Obviously, execution of the present invention is not limited to the specific details that those skilled in the art has the knack of.Preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows, but except these are described in detail, the present invention can also have other embodiments.
Should be understood that, " comprise " when using term in this manual and/or " comprising " time, it indicates exists described feature, entirety, step, operation, element and/or assembly, but does not get rid of existence or additional other features one or more, entirety, step, operation, element, assembly and/or their combination.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is in order to solve problems of the prior art, provide a kind of incinerator of low nitrogen burning, described incinerator comprises incinerator 1, first bleeding point 2, first MOD 3, second MOD 4, second bleeding point 5, Venturi meter 6, air channel supervisor, cyclone separator 7, blower fan 8, temperature sensor 9, pressure sensor 10, the 3rd MOD 11, nozzle header 12, nozzle 13 and overfire air jet 14.
Be further described incinerator of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, described incinerator at least comprises charging aperture, feed fire grate, the fire grate for waste incineration being positioned at burner hearth, the First air air feed system being positioned at transmit bed bottom, the Secondary Air air feed system being positioned at furnace throat portion and slag extractor first in the present invention.In addition, incinerator also comprise be positioned at above described fire grate, the flue of charging aperture front end, for discharging flue gas.Described incinerator can also comprise the parts of other routines, does not repeat them here.
Further, in the present invention in order to realize efficient low nitrogen burning, described incinerator also comprises the first bleeding point 2 and air channel supervisor; Wherein, described first bleeding point 2 is arranged at the top of described incinerator end burner hearth, the two ends of described air channel supervisor are communicated with described first bleeding point 2 and described flue respectively, described air channel supervisor is also provided with cyclone separator 7 and blower fan 8, for purifying the flue gas that extracts from described first bleeding point and being injected to described flue.
Wherein, described cyclone separator 7 is for the separation of gas-solid system or liquid-solid system.Described cyclone separator 7 tangentially introduces by air-flow the rotary motion caused, and makes to have to get rid of compared with the solid particle of Great inertia centrifugal force or drop to separate to outside wall surface.Cyclonic separation is that a kind of flying dust reliably removes technique.According to operating experience in the past, the flue-gas temperature of incinerator afterbody is substantially lower than 550 DEG C, at this temperature, flying dust in flue gas is in solid state shape, gas phase wherein can be separated with solid phase by cyclone separator by the flue gas extracted from incinerator afterbody, thus reaches the effect removing flying dust in flue gas.
Alternatively, describedly in this application to refer in the front end of described blower fan 8 or described first MOD 3 on the supervisor of air channel along the front end along blower fan 8 described on flow of flue gas direction or described first MOD 3 in described air channel supervisor.
Alternatively, the described air channel supervisor near described flue one end is divided into two air channel arms, and described two air channel arms are communicated with the both sides of described flue respectively.Described air channel arm is connected with the nozzle header 12 being arranged on described flue both sides by the 3rd MOD 11, and wherein, described nozzle header 12 is also provided with nozzle 13, and described nozzle inserts described flue.
Further, the described nozzle 13 in described two air channel arms is equally spaced to be arranged in respective described nozzle header 12 and in the described flue of relative insertion.
Alternatively, described incinerator also comprises the overfire air jet 14 being positioned at furnace throat portion, and the nozzle in the arm of wherein said air channel is positioned at the top of described overfire air jet.Further, the flue sectional area at the nozzle place in the arm of described air channel is less than the flue sectional area at described overfire air jet place.
Alternatively, described incinerator also comprises to be responsible for described air channel the air be communicated with and to be responsible for, and wherein, described air supervisor is connected to by the second MOD 4 on the second bleeding point 5 of being arranged in boiler room.Further, described air supervisor is responsible for the described air channel in the first MOD 3 exit and is communicated with.
Alternatively, described air channel supervisor is also provided with Venturi meter.
Alternatively, described air channel supervisor is also provided with temperature sensor 9 and/or pressure sensor 10.Further, described temperature sensor 9 is arranged on the described air channel supervisor of described fans entrance front end, and described pressure sensor 10 is arranged on the described air channel supervisor of described fan outlet.
In of the present invention one particularly embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, first bleeding point 2 is by air channel supervisor's connection first MOD 3, first MOD 3 exports a point two-way, second MOD 4 of leading up to is connected to the second bleeding point 5 be arranged in boiler room, main air duct of separately leading up to is connected to civilian cyclone separator 7 entrance, cyclone separator 7 exports access Venturi meter 6, , Venturi meter 6 exports by air channel supervisor's connecting fan 8 entrance, the entrance front end pipeline of blower fan 8 is provided with temperature sensor 9, the pipeline that blower fan 8 exports is provided with pressure sensor 10, export from blower fan 8 the air channel supervisor connected and be divided into two-way, the nozzle header 12 being arranged on the first flue both sides is connected to respectively by the 3rd MOD 11, nozzle 13 is equidistantly arranged in nozzle header 12, the nozzle 13 of both sides positioned opposite and insert the first flue, and nozzle 13 position is arranged on overfire air jet more than 14.
When incinerator runs, first MOD 3 is opened, second MOD 4 is closed, operation opened by blower fan 10, the flue gas of incinerator 1 afterbody enters air channel supervisor, at this moment the flue gas flow extracted measured by Venturi meter 6, temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature extracting flue gas, the pressure of fan outlet measured by pressure sensor 10, flue gas enters header 12 by blower fan 8, the 3rd MOD 11, and the flue gas that incinerator 1 afterbody extracts sprays into by nozzle 13, and the flue gas sprayed into mixes with the flue gas of the first flue, reduce the oxygen content in this region, inhibit NO
xgeneration, and containing a certain amount of reducing gas in the flue gas of ejection, can by the NO of this area part
xbe reduced to N
2, thus reduce NO
xdischarge capacity.
Embodiment 2
Present invention also offers a kind of method for controlling combustion of incinerator of low nitrogen burning, said method comprising the steps of:
Step S1: open described blower fan in Refuse Incineration Process, enters air channel supervisor to make the flue gas extracted from described first bleeding point of described incinerator afterbody;
Step S2: described flue gas is sprayed in described cyclone separator through described air channel supervisor, gas solid separation is carried out to described flue gas, removes the flying dust in described flue gas;
Step S3: spray in described flue by the described flue gas after purification, mix with the flue gas in described flue, to reduce the oxygen content in this region, suppresses NO
xgeneration and the part NO that reduces
x.
The excess air coefficient of incinerator should control in the scope of 1.4 ~ 1.65 in the process, and the ratio of First air and Secondary Air is 8:2, and the exhaust gas volumn extracted from the first bleeding point 2 is 25% ~ 35% of First air air quantity (with Nm
3/ h unit is as the criterion).
Further, opened by the first MOD 3, the second MOD 4 is closed, operation opened by blower fan 10, the flue gas of incinerator 1 afterbody enters air channel supervisor, and described air channel supervisor's design flue gas flow rate is 15m/s ~ 20m/s, and the flue gas flow rate in the first bleeding point 2 is much smaller than 10m/s.
Now, the flue gas flow extracted measured by Venturi meter 6, temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature extracting flue gas, the pressure of fan outlet measured by pressure sensor 10, flue gas enters header 12 by blower fan 8, the 3rd MOD 11, the flue gas that incinerator 1 afterbody extracts sprays into by nozzle 13, nozzle 13 positioned opposite staggers arrangement, and need at the flue sectional area at nozzle 13 place the flue sectional area being less than overfire air jet 14 place, to increase the flue gas turbulent flow of 13 layers, nozzle, thus make the abundant after-flame of flue gas.The flue gas sprayed into mixes with the flue gas of the first flue, reduces the oxygen content in this region, inhibits NO
xgeneration, and containing a certain amount of reducing gas in the flue gas of ejection, can by the NO of this area part
xbe reduced to N
2, thus reduce NO
xdischarge capacity.
When this system jam; the temperature such as extracting flue gas is too high; or in extraction flue gas during the too high levels of carbon monoxide; should close low nitrogen burning system, simultaneously in order to protect nozzle 13, now the first MOD 3 is closed; second MOD 4 is opened; blower fan 8 underrun, in boiler room, air enters air channel supervisor from the second bleeding point 5, and a small amount of air that boiler room extracts is sprayed into the first flue by nozzle 13.
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of low nitrogen burning method and device of incinerator, low nitrogen burning system improvement method and the device of described a kind of incinerator extract a certain amount of flue gas from incinerator afterbody, after being filtered by cyclone separator, the first flue is sprayed into, to reduce incinerator exit NO by nozzle
xwith the content of flying dust.
The advantage of apparatus and method of the present invention is:
1) reduce the NO that incinerator produces simultaneously
xwith fly ash emission amount;
2) greatly reduce the dust content in low nitrogen burning system flue and blower fan, make it not easily dust stratification and wearing and tearing, extend the life-span that system uses.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but should be understood that, above-described embodiment just for the object of illustrating and illustrate, and is not intended to the present invention to be limited in described scope of embodiments.In addition it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, more kinds of variants and modifications can also be made according to instruction of the present invention, within these variants and modifications all drop on the present invention's scope required for protection.Protection scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims and equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (11)
1. an incinerator for low nitrogen burning, comprises the garbage incinerator fire grate being positioned at burner hearth and the flue be positioned at above described garbage incinerator fire grate front end, it is characterized in that, described incinerator also comprises the first bleeding point and air channel supervisor;
Wherein, described first bleeding point is arranged at the top of described incinerator end burner hearth, the two ends of described air channel supervisor are communicated with described first bleeding point and described flue respectively, the upper one end near described first bleeding point of described air channel supervisor is also provided with cyclone separator, for purifying the flue gas that extracts from described first bleeding point and being injected to described flue.
2. incinerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described air channel supervisor near described flue one end is divided into two air channel arms, and described two air channel arms are communicated with the both sides of described flue respectively.
3. incinerator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described air channel arm is connected with the nozzle header being arranged on described flue both sides by the 3rd MOD, wherein, described nozzle header is also provided with nozzle, and described nozzle inserts in described flue.
4. incinerator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described nozzle in two described air channel arms is equally spaced to be arranged in respective described nozzle header and in the described flue of relative insertion.
5. incinerator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described incinerator also comprises the overfire air jet being positioned at furnace throat portion, and the nozzle in the arm of wherein said air channel is positioned at the top of described overfire air jet.
6. incinerator according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the flue sectional area at the nozzle place in the arm of described air channel is less than the flue sectional area at described overfire air jet place.
7., based on a combustion method for the incinerator described in claim 1 to 7, comprise the following steps:
Step S1: open blower fan in Refuse Incineration Process, enters air channel supervisor to make the flue gas extracted from described first bleeding point of described incinerator afterbody;
Step S2: described flue gas is sprayed in described cyclone separator through described air channel supervisor, gas solid separation is carried out to described flue gas, removes the flying dust in described flue gas;
Step S3: spray in described flue by the described flue gas after purification, mix with the flue gas in described flue, to reduce the oxygen content in this region, suppresses NO
xgeneration and the part NO that reduces
x.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, is controlled in the scope of 1.4 ~ 1.65 by excess air coefficient in described incinerator in the process, and the ratio of First air and Secondary Air is 8:2.
9. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the amount of described flue gas extracted from described first bleeding point in described step S1 is 25% ~ 35% of First air air quantity.
10. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described step S1 and described step S2, in described air channel supervisor, the flow velocity of described flue gas is 15m/s ~ 20m/s; Described flue gas flow rate in the first bleeding point described in described step S1 is less than 10m/s.
11. methods according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described method is also further comprising the steps: when described incinerator breaks down, close the first MOD on the supervisor of described air channel, open the second MOD on air supervisor simultaneously, to make the air in boiler room enter main air duct from the second bleeding point, and spray into described flue through nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510909477.6A CN105371282A (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and combustion method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510909477.6A CN105371282A (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and combustion method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105371282A true CN105371282A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
Family
ID=55373713
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510909477.6A Pending CN105371282A (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | low-nitrogen combustion garbage incinerator and combustion method |
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106402874A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-02-15 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Garbage incinerator |
| CN110056881A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-26 | 江苏利百川环保科技有限公司 | A kind of fire grate structure |
| CN113280351A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-20 | 中国天楹股份有限公司 | Flue gas recirculation system of household garbage incineration power plant |
| CN117231987A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2023-12-15 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Deep low-nitrogen combustion air distribution system suitable for garbage incinerator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117231987B (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-03-26 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Deep low-nitrogen combustion air distribution system suitable for garbage incinerator |
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Application publication date: 20160302 |