CN105370282A - High section trend wall-type fully mechanized caving mining method for large inclined super high seam - Google Patents
High section trend wall-type fully mechanized caving mining method for large inclined super high seam Download PDFInfo
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- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
Abstract
The invention discloses a high section trend wall-type fully mechanized caving mining method for a large inclined super high seam. The method conducts respective mining on a plurality of mining sections in the same section from top to bottom, and the mining process is as follows: first, determination of a coal face: the coal face of a mining section in the current mining section is determined; the coal face is a high section trend wall-type inclined coal face and is the actual mining face; the coal face is divided into a lower section coal face and an upper section coal face above the lower section coal face; and the lower section coal face is a polyline section coal face, and the upper section coal face is a linear section coal face; 2, determination of the height of the section; and 3, coal seam mining: a plurality of coal seam sections are mined respectively. The method of the invention has the advantages of simpleness, reasonable design, simple construction and high-efficiency safe and reliable mining process, and can effectively solve the problems of severe mining difficulty, low safety factor and incapability of efficient mining in the mining process of large inclined super high seam.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Coal Mining Technology field, especially relate to a kind of large inclined super high seam high section and move towards wall type and combine and put coal-mining method.
Background technology
Large inclined super high seam refers to inclination alpha=55 ° ~ 75 ° and thickness is the coal seam of more than 4.5m, and deposit more in the countries such as Russia, Ukraine, Poland and the western tax of China, particularly Xinjiang reserves are comparatively large, and exploitation difficulty is very big.For a long time, what the small-size coal mine exploiting this type of coal seam generally adopted is the non_mechanical coal-mining method that tradition falls behind, and Ru Luoduo, storage, step, lane are put, and there is the defects such as labour intensity is large, operating environment is poor, security incident is many, yield efficiency is low.Since the seventies in last century, medium size coal mine is progressively tested and is promoted wire saw and puppet inclined-plane of bowing and to incline flexible type shield coal-mining method (be called for short soft cover coal-mining method) in this type of coal seam, operating environment and safe condition make moderate progress, but the dead intractability of wire rope saw cramp is large, flexible shield support be not suitable with Coal Seam Thickness Change and transfer difficulty, just adopt and last excavating technology complicated, still there is the outstanding problems such as labour intensity is large, yield efficiency is low.Subsequently, some medium and small colliery is covered the defect that coal-mining method is not suitable with Coal Seam Thickness Change transform for soft, propose and test section dense coal-mining method and sloping platform rank coal-mining method, although this kind of coal-mining method makes moderate progress to Coal Seam Thickness Change compliance, still there is the same problems such as labour intensity is large, yield efficiency is low.Since the eighties in last century later stage, the particularly nineties, some middle and small scale coal mines test large inclined super high seam horizontal fragmentation slippage bracket or net grid support top-coal caving method, and labour intensity decreases, and safe condition and working environment make moderate progress; Particularly big-and-middle-sized colliery has tested large inclined super high seam horizontal fragmentation comprehensive mechanization coal caving mining method (be called for short to combine and put coal-mining method) successfully, and labour intensity significantly reduces, and safe condition and working environment obviously improve.But compared with moving towards longwell (more than 80m) coal-mining method with high inclination-angle (α=35 ° ~ 55 °) high seam, drivage ratio is high, yield efficiency is low.The subject matter that horizontal fragmentation coal-mining method exists is the dual restriction that face length is subject to coal seam thickness and inclination angle, and neglect long suddenly short, work plane is forced to frequently increase and decrease support, cannot normally advance.In recent years, some collieries are in order to improve large inclined super high seam horizontal fragmentation fully mechanized coal face output, test strengthens height of lift (namely large section is high) to strengthen the method for top coal thickness, although yield efficiency increasing degree is larger, but due to the formation of " multi strata arch ", height of lift increase is restricted, and working face layout increase is still limited.
Closely during the last ten years, thick coal seam with big inclination longwall full-mechanized mining technique technology reaches its maturity, achieve good safety and economy benefit, wherein thick coal seam with big inclination refers to inclination alpha=35 ° ~ 55 ° and thickness is the coal seam of 1.3m ~ 3.5m, and it is 80m ~ 150m that longwell refers to face length.Meanwhile, thickness is that the face in steep thick coal seam longwell mining height workface technology of 3.5m ~ 4.5m also achieves successfully in succession.Thickness is that the high inclination-angle super high seam incline cut and fill stoping longwell top coal caving mining of more than 4.5m wins initial success, but increases along with seam inclination and work plane lengthens, and top coal controls difficulty greatly, and it is particularly serious that the easy unstability of support falls the problem of frame.When particularly coal seam is loose, top coal leaks and emits aggravation and tilt upward rapid expansion along work plane, and cause support group to slide group and fall, working surface production is paralysed, and greatly, potential safety hazard increases severely, and resumes production abnormal difficult for process roof fall and the accident of falling frame difficulty.Owing to emitting the sliding also bulk deposition that rolls of caving coal cannot release in goaf, work plane bottom, cause top coals' recovery ratio extremely low.Because coal wall length is generally more than 80m, work plane manipulation is very big with management difficulty, and along with the increasing of length, difficulty is abnormal big, often causes work plane normally to produce.
As can be seen here, the safety and high efficiency of large inclined super high seam is pendent technical barrier always.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, wall type is comprehensive puts coal-mining method to provide a kind of large inclined super high seam high section to move towards, its method is simple, reasonable in design, easy construction and production efficiency is high, recovery process is safe and reliable, effectively can solve that the exploitation difficulty existed in large inclined super high seam recovery process is large, safety factor is low, can not realize the problems such as high-efficiency mining.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of large inclined super high seam high section is moved towards wall type and combined and put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: exploit large inclined super high seam same stage in be furnished with multiple coal mining section from top to bottom, be installed with between neighbouring two described coal mining sections for the protection of or the segment protection coal column of isolation, the top and the bottom of each described coal mining section are respectively arranged with tailgate and haulage way along the bearing of large inclined super high seam; The coal-face structure of multiple described coal mining section is all identical and its section high H is all identical, and the high H of section of described coal mining section is the vertical height of this coal mining section; When large inclined super high seam is exploited, from top to bottom successively multiple described coal mining section is exploited respectively; To when in large inclined super high seam, a stage exploits, recovery process is as follows:
Step one, coal-face are determined: determine the coal-face of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase;
Described coal-face is that high section moves towards wall type work plane, and it is the slanting face and it is the actual exploitation work plane of described coal mining section of bowing that described high section moves towards wall type work plane; Described coal-face is divided into hypomere work plane and is positioned at the epimere work plane above described hypomere work plane, and described hypomere work plane is arranged as broken line work plane, and described epimere work plane is straightway work plane; The length L=L1+L2 of described coal-face and L >=80m, wherein L1 is the length of epimere work plane, and L2 is the length of described hypomere work plane;
Angle between described coal-face and horizontal plane is that puppet is bowed inclination angle of inclined plane β and β≤55 °, the angle between the bearing of described coal-face and large inclined super high seam for moving towards angle γ, wherein
α is the inclination angle of large inclined super high seam;
Described hypomere work plane is spliced from bottom to up by multiple work plane sections, multiple described work plane sections is straightway work plane and it is along laying from front to back, the length of described work plane sections is 5m ~ 20m, and the length L2 of described hypomere work plane is the length sum of multiple described work plane sections; Angle between multiple described work plane sections and horizontal plane increases from front to back gradually; The coal seam thickness of described large inclined super high seam is larger, and the length of described work plane sections is larger; The described puppet inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows is larger, and the length of described hypomere work plane is less;
The work plane sections being positioned at foot in multiple described work plane sections is bottom-working surface sections, the work plane sections being positioned at topmost in multiple described work plane sections is top work surface sections, and described bottom-working surface sections is positioned on front side of described top work surface sections; Described haulage way is positioned at the bottom of described bottom-working surface sections, and described tailgate is positioned at the top of described epimere work plane;
Step 2, section are high to be determined: according to the coal-face structure of described coal mining section determined in step one, determines the high H of section of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase; Wherein, H=H1+H2, H1 are the vertical height of described epimere work plane and H1=L1 × sin β, H2 are the vertical height of described hypomere work plane and H2=L2 × sin β;
Step 3, seam mining: from top to bottom exploit respectively the multiple described coal mining section in current institute mining phase, process is as follows:
Step 301, the first coal mining section exploitation: with coal-face determined in step one for reality exploitation work plane and with the bearing of large inclined super high seam for direction of propulsion, exploiting the first coal mining section being positioned at topmost in current institute mining phase;
When current exploited coal mining section is exploited, the inclination alpha of large inclined super high seam is changed into puppet and to bow inclination angle of inclined plane β; And in recovery process, adopt force piece to carry out synchronous supporting to reality exploitation work plane;
Step 302, next coal mining section are exploited: according to the method described in step 301, exploit the described coal mining section of the next one in current institute mining phase;
Step 303, repetition step 302, until complete the recovery process of all coal mining sections in current institute mining phase.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: in step one, the inclination angle of each described work plane sections is the angle between this work plane sections and horizontal plane, the inclination angle of described bottom-working surface sections is 5 ° ~ 15 °, the inclination angle of described top work surface sections than puppet bow inclination angle of inclined plane β little 5 ° ~ 15 °, the inclination angle of each work plane sections in described hypomere work plane except described top work surface sections is all little 5 ° than the inclination angle of Adjacent Working Face sections on rear side of it ~ 15 °.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section is moved towards wall type and is combined and put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: in the work plane of hypomere described in step one, the quantity of included work plane sections is not less than three; The described puppet inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows is larger, and in described hypomere work plane, the quantity of included work plane sections is fewer.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: haulage way described in step one is laid along the top board of large inclined super high seam, described tailgate is laid along the base plate of large inclined super high seam, and haulage way and tailgate are all positioned at large inclined super high seam.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when described first coal mining section being exploited in step 301 and when the described coal mining section of the next one being exploited in step 302, coal-winning machine all along the from up to down coal cutting of described coal-face and bottom-up empty cutter return;
In recovery process, when adopting force piece to carry out synchronous supporting to reality exploitation work plane, carry out moving frame and pushing and sliding according to bottom-up order.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when exploiting described first coal mining section in step 301, process is as follows:
Step 3011, tunnel are got through: in the top and the bottom of described first coal mining section, get through tailgate and haulage way respectively;
The upper and lower end support of step 3012, work plane: tailgate described in step 3011 and haulage way are got through in process, adopts face end hydraulic support synchronously to carry out supporting respectively to the upper and lower termination of coal-face of described first coal mining section;
Step 3013, coal seam back production: adopt conventional seam mining method, back production is carried out to described first coal mining section.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when exploiting the described coal mining section of the next one in step 302, adopt whole caving method to carry out Sub-Level Caving.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when exploiting the described coal mining section of the next one in step 302, process is as follows:
Step 3021, tunnel are got through: in the top and the bottom of current exploited coal mining section, get through tailgate and haulage way respectively;
The upper and lower end support of step 3022, work plane: tailgate described in step 3021 and haulage way are got through in process, adopts face end hydraulic support synchronously to carry out supporting respectively to the upper and lower termination of coal-face of current exploited coal mining section;
Step 3023, coal seam back production: adopt conventional seam mining method, back production is carried out to current exploited coal mining section;
Step 3024, top coal caving: top coal caving is carried out to current exploited coal mining section; in recovery process, segment protection coal column is all across falling, and makes the goaf at current exploited coal mining section rear and above it, goaf of adjacent coal mining section is interconnected.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when described first coal mining section being exploited in step 301, not Sub-Level Caving or there is not toppling over, glide or sting frame at force piece prerequisite under carry out controlling Sub-Level Caving.
Above-mentioned large inclined super high seam high section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: force piece described in step 301 is caving roof coal hydraulic support.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, simple, the reasonable in design and easy construction of method step, it is convenient to realize.
2, coal-face reasonable in design, is divided into epimere work plane and hypomere work plane; And, coal-face is arranged by the puppet inclined-plane work plane that inclines of bowing, the exploitation work plane of exploited large inclined super high seam is converted to the puppet puppet of inclination angle of inclined plane β inclined-plane of bowing of bowing by the theoretical work face of true dip angle α to incline after work plane, large inclined super high seam is significantly reduced, effectively reduce the work plane gradient, alleviate top-coal control to glide, thus considerably reduce the exploitation difficulty of large inclined super high seam, considerably reduce danger coefficient existing in large inclined super high seam recovery process.Wherein, epimere work plane is straightway work plane and angle between itself and horizontal plane is puppet bows inclination angle of inclined plane β.Hypomere work plane is broken line work plane, this broken line work plane can make full use of the special thick condition in coal seam, traditional work plane hypomere is changed into broken line by straightway, the inclination angle of each work plane sections increases to the work plane gradient (i.e. puppet bow inclination angle of inclined plane β) gradually by 0 °, the upper end of broken line work plane is connected with epimere work plane and its lower end is work plane lower end, the lower end that this broken line structure greatly simplifies work plane hypomere straight line form is combined and is put the supporting complexity of lectotype selection, the bottom basic point of work plane tilting section bracket stable can be provided simultaneously, and Rolling Stone pendant thing speed can be cushioned guarantee that lower safety outlet is not compromised.
3, high section is moved towards wall type work plane and is arranged along puppet direction of inclining, inclined-plane of bowing and have following advantage: the length of horizontal fragmentation fully mechanized coal face both can have been avoided on the one hand to cause frequently increasing and decreasing the difficulty of support by the dual restriction at coal seam thickness and inclination angle, can eliminate again " multi strata arch " that large section high top coal is formed, lay a good foundation for augmenting section height reduces drivage ratio, in same stage, the section of each coal mining section is tall and big; Avoid the threat that incline cut and fill stoping top-coal caving method lower leaf exploitation is subject to higher slice erecting dense individual props breaking roof and remaining dynamic pressure (the intensity very large duration is long sometimes) on the other hand.
4, coal-mining method is simple, and adopt conventional coal-mining method, coal-winning machine is along work plane from up to down coal cutting, and bottom-up empty cutter returns; Bottom-up pushing and sliding of trying to stop people from fighting each other; Whole caving method management top board.
5, result of use is good, economical and social benefit is remarkable, the technical advantage of putting with horizontal section top coal caving is combined based on face in steep thick coal seam longwell, both are carried out organic integration, give full play to the advantage of the two, effectively can be applicable to the safety and high efficiency of large inclined super high seam, and ensure that work plane normally advances and keeps the safety in production.
In sum, the inventive method is simple, reasonable in design, easy construction and production efficiency is high, recovery process is safe and reliable, effectively can solve that the exploitation difficulty existed in large inclined super high seam recovery process is large, safety factor is low, can not realize the problems such as high-efficiency mining.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is method flow block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 the present invention determine the installation position schematic diagram of coal-face.
Fig. 3 is the installation position schematic diagram of coal mining section in same stage of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is coal-face of the present invention and the tunnel installation position schematic diagram along bearing.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of coal-face of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-segment protection coal column; 2-tailgate; 3-haulage way;
4-epimere work plane; 5-work plane sections; 6-large inclined super high seam;
7-first coal mining section; 8-the second coal mining section.
Detailed description of the invention
The large inclined super high seam height of one as shown in Figure 1 section move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, exploit large inclined super high seam 6 same stage in be furnished with multiple coal mining section from top to bottom, the segment protection coal column 1 being installed with between neighbouring two described coal mining sections for the protection of or isolating, the top and the bottom of each described coal mining section are respectively arranged with tailgate 2 and haulage way 3 along the bearing of large inclined super high seam 6, refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4; The coal-face structure of multiple described coal mining section is all identical and its section high H is all identical, and the high H of section of described coal mining section is the vertical height of this coal mining section; When large inclined super high seam 6 is exploited, from top to bottom successively multiple described coal mining section is exploited respectively; To when in large inclined super high seam 6, a stage exploits, recovery process is as follows:
Step one, coal-face are determined: determine the coal-face of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase;
Described coal-face is that high section moves towards wall type work plane, and it is the slanting face and it is the actual exploitation work plane of described coal mining section of bowing that described high section moves towards wall type work plane; As shown in Figure 4, described coal-face is divided into hypomere work plane and is positioned at the epimere work plane 4 above described hypomere work plane, and described hypomere work plane is arranged as broken line work plane, and described epimere work plane 4 is straightway work plane; The length L=L1+L2 of described coal-face and L >=80m, wherein L1 is the length of epimere work plane 4, and L2 is the length of described hypomere work plane;
As shown in Figure 2, the angle between described coal-face and horizontal plane is that puppet is bowed inclination angle of inclined plane β and β≤55 °, the angle between the bearing of described coal-face and large inclined super high seam 6 for moving towards angle γ, wherein
α is the inclination angle of large inclined super high seam 6;
Described hypomere work plane is spliced from bottom to up by multiple work plane sections 5, multiple described work plane sections 5 is straightway work plane and it is along laying from front to back, the length of described work plane sections 5 is 5m ~ 20m, and the length L2 of described hypomere work plane is the length sum of multiple described work plane sections 5; Angle between multiple described work plane sections 5 and horizontal plane increases from front to back gradually; The coal seam thickness of described large inclined super high seam 6 is larger, and the length of described work plane sections 5 is larger; The described puppet inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows is larger, and the length of described hypomere work plane is less;
The work plane sections 5 being positioned at foot in multiple described work plane sections 5 is bottom-working surface sections, the work plane sections 5 being positioned at topmost in multiple described work plane sections 5 is top work surface sections, and described bottom-working surface sections is positioned on front side of described top work surface sections; Described haulage way 3 is positioned at the bottom of described bottom-working surface sections, and described tailgate 2 is positioned at the top of described epimere work plane;
Step 2, section are high to be determined: according to the coal-face structure of described coal mining section determined in step one, determines the high H of section of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase; Wherein, H=H1+H2, H1 are the vertical height of described epimere work plane 4 and H1=L1 × sin β, H2 are the vertical height of described hypomere work plane and H2=L2 × sin β;
Step 3, seam mining: from top to bottom exploit respectively the multiple described coal mining section in current institute mining phase, process is as follows:
Step 301, the first coal mining section exploitation: with coal-face determined in step one for reality exploitation work plane and with the bearing of large inclined super high seam 6 for direction of propulsion, exploiting the first coal mining section being positioned at topmost in current institute mining phase;
When current exploited coal mining section is exploited, the inclination alpha of large inclined super high seam 6 is changed into puppet and to bow inclination angle of inclined plane β; And in recovery process, adopt force piece to carry out synchronous supporting to reality exploitation work plane;
Step 302, next coal mining section are exploited: according to the method described in step 301, exploit the described coal mining section of the next one in current institute mining phase;
Step 303, repetition step 302, until complete the recovery process of all coal mining sections in current institute mining phase.
In the present embodiment, in current institute mining phase, the quantity of described coal mining section is two, the second coal mining section 8 that two described coal mining sections are respectively first coal mining section 7 (i.e. described first coal mining section) and are positioned at below first coal mining section 7.
During actual exploitation, can according to specific needs, the quantity of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase be adjusted accordingly.
In the present embodiment, described large inclined super high seam 6 is inclination alpha=55 ° ~ 75 ° and coal seam thickness is the coal seam of more than 4.5m.
As shown in Figure 2, angle between coal-face described in step one (i.e. described puppet bow inclined-plane to incline work plane) and the theoretical work face of described large inclined super high seam 6 is 90 ° of-γ, and the angle between described large-inclination-angle coal bed theoretical work face and horizontal plane is true dip angle and true dip angle is seam inclination α.The length L1 of described epimere work plane 4 is the tilt length of epimere work plane 4, and the length of described work plane sections 5 is the tilt length of this work plane sections 5.In Fig. 2, plane residing for triangle ABD is described coal-face (i.e. described puppet bow inclined-plane to incline work plane), plane residing for triangle ABD is the theoretical work face of large inclined super high seam 6, ∠ ACB is true dip angle and seam inclination α, ∠ ADB is that puppet is bowed inclination angle of inclined plane β, ∠ ADC is described coal-face (i.e. described puppet bow inclined-plane to incline work plane) and the angle (abbreviation moves towards angle γ) in bearing direction, DC direction be coal-face move towards direction of propulsion, CA direction is the incline direction in sampling work face.In actual recovery process, move towards angle γ and be greater than 40 °.Puppet is bowed the length L of inclination angle of inclined plane β according to seam inclination α and described coal-face, and in the downslide considering drag conveyor, the factor such as the amount of altering is determined.
In the present embodiment, the length L=80m ~ 150m of described coal-face.
During practice of construction, can according to specific needs, the length L of described coal-face and the size of the pseudo-inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows be adjusted accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, in step one, the inclination angle of each described work plane sections 5 is the angle between this work plane sections 5 and horizontal plane, the inclination angle of described bottom-working surface sections is 5 ° ~ 15 °, the inclination angle of described top work surface sections than puppet bow inclination angle of inclined plane β little 5 ° ~ 15 °, the inclination angle of each work plane sections 5 in described hypomere work plane except described top work surface sections is all little 5 ° than the inclination angle of Adjacent Working Face sections 5 on rear side of it ~ 15 °.
During practice of construction, the length of other each work plane sections except described top work surface sections and described bottom-working surface sections and inclination angle allow minimum bend degree and are convenient to put the factors such as coal comprehensively to determine according to the facade of support height and width, Scraper Conveyor in Mining Face.
In the present embodiment, in the work plane of hypomere described in step one, the quantity of included work plane sections 5 is not less than three; The described puppet inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows is larger, and in described hypomere work plane, the quantity of included work plane sections 5 is fewer.
Further, in the work plane of hypomere described in step one, the quantity of included work plane sections 5 is 3 to 5.
During actual exploitation, can according to specific needs, the quantity of work plane sections 5 included in described hypomere work plane and the length of each work plane sections 5 be adjusted accordingly.
As shown in the above, according to the difference of seam inclination α (or puppet bow inclination angle of inclined plane β) and coal seam thickness, in described hypomere work plane, included work plane sections 5 designs; Under same coal seam inclination alpha condition, along with the increase of coal seam thickness, the length of work plane sections 5 increases thereupon; Under same coal seam thickness condition, along with the increase of seam inclination α (or puppet bow inclination angle of inclined plane β), in the length L2 of described hypomere work plane and described hypomere work plane, the quantity of included work plane sections 5 reduces.
In the present embodiment, haulage way 3 described in step one is laid along the top board of large inclined super high seam 6, and described tailgate 2 is laid along the base plate of large inclined super high seam 6, and haulage way 3 and tailgate 2 are all positioned at large inclined super high seam 6.
Wherein, described high section " the high section " moved towards in wall type work plane refer to mine described in the step 2 high H of section of section is that large section is high.
In the present embodiment, H1 is 1.5 times ~ 3 times of H2.
In the present embodiment, when described first coal mining section being exploited in step 301 and when the described coal mining section of the next one being exploited in step 302, coal-winning machine all along the from up to down coal cutting of described coal-face and bottom-up empty cutter return;
In recovery process, when adopting force piece to carry out synchronous supporting to reality exploitation work plane, carry out moving frame and pushing and sliding according to bottom-up order.
Wherein, pushing and sliding refer to and use pushing and sliding oil cylinder forwardly to be advanced by drag conveyor; Moving that frame refers to is mobile described force piece.
In the present embodiment, when exploiting described first coal mining section in step 301, process is as follows:
Step 3011, tunnel are got through: in the top and the bottom of described first coal mining section, get through tailgate 2 and haulage way 3 respectively;
The upper and lower end support of step 3012, work plane: tailgate 2 described in step 3011 and haulage way 3 are got through in process, adopts face end hydraulic support synchronously to carry out supporting respectively to the upper and lower termination of coal-face of described first coal mining section;
Step 3013, coal seam back production: adopt conventional seam mining method, back production is carried out to described first coal mining section.
In the present embodiment, when exploiting the described coal mining section of the next one in step 302, whole caving method is adopted to carry out Sub-Level Caving.
Further, when exploiting the described coal mining section of the next one in step 302, process is as follows:
Step 3021, tunnel are got through: in the top and the bottom of current exploited coal mining section, get through tailgate 2 and haulage way 3 respectively;
The upper and lower end support of step 3022, work plane: tailgate 2 described in step 3021 and haulage way 3 are got through in process, adopts face end hydraulic support synchronously to carry out supporting respectively to the upper and lower termination of coal-face of current exploited coal mining section;
Step 3023, coal seam back production: adopt conventional seam mining method, back production is carried out to current exploited coal mining section;
Step 3024, top coal caving: top coal caving is carried out to current exploited coal mining section; in recovery process, segment protection coal column 1 is all across falling, and makes the goaf at current exploited coal mining section rear and above it, goaf of adjacent coal mining section is interconnected.
Thus, actual when exploiting, described segment protection coal column 1 is temporary protection coal column, plays temporary support effect.The thickness of described segment protection coal column 1 can be caving in time after should guaranteeing to be positioned at the next one coal mining section back production below it and goaf of upper and lower two coal mining sections is communicated with; to release the coal that a coal mining section goaf is detained; and make the cavity above next coal mining section is moved, eliminate gas and assemble herein.
In the present embodiment; in step 3023 in exploitation process; reduce the width of the segment protection coal column 1 between current exploited coal mining section and goaf, coal mining section rear adjacent above it, reduce or eliminate the supporting role of segment protection coal column 1 pair of coal-face top board under controlled conditions.
In actual recovery process, emit caving coal mainly to concentrate and be deposited in the goaf of described hypomere work plane hypomere, thus will release at any time, what emphasis will release coal-face lower end rear portion emits caving coal.Herein, adopt multi rack one group of face end support and caving roof coal hydraulic support can realize many places order or interval carry out more take turns and put coal, and adopt lengthened tail part elevating conveyor to be transported by the coal that this coal mining section puts down.
In the present embodiment, when carrying out the upper and lower end support of work plane in step 3012 neutralization procedure 3022, the described face end hydraulic support adopted is the special end timbering support in colliery.Wherein, work plane upper end is carried out to the upper end hydraulic support of supporting, reliable supporting tailgate 2 and institute speed can go back to the trigonum of coal-face intersection, and can ensure that ventilation, pedestrian and haul are unimpeded.Work plane lower end is carried out to the lower end hydraulic support of supporting, can reliable supporting be ensured, and can ensure to emit putting down smoothly of caving coal to transport with coordinating elevating conveyor, also will ensure to ventilate, pedestrian is unimpeded.
In the present embodiment, when described first coal mining section being exploited in step 301, not Sub-Level Caving or there is not toppling over, glide or sting frame at force piece prerequisite under carry out controlling Sub-Level Caving.
In the present embodiment, force piece described in step 301 is caving roof coal hydraulic support.
Thus, face timbering adopts the caving roof coal hydraulic support being applicable to heavy grade work plane, and anti-skid is reliable, can sliding advance of support.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the technology of the present invention essence any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a large inclined super high seam high section is moved towards wall type and is combined and put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: exploit large inclined super high seam (6) same stage in be furnished with multiple coal mining section from top to bottom, be installed with between neighbouring two described coal mining sections for the protection of or the segment protection coal column (1) of isolation, the top and the bottom of each described coal mining section are respectively arranged with tailgate (2) and haulage way (3) along the bearing of large inclined super high seam (6); The coal-face structure of multiple described coal mining section is all identical and its section high H is all identical, and the high H of section of described coal mining section is the vertical height of this coal mining section; When large inclined super high seam (6) is exploited, from top to bottom successively multiple described coal mining section is exploited respectively; To when in large inclined super high seam (6), a stage exploits, recovery process is as follows:
Step one, coal-face are determined: determine the coal-face of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase;
Described coal-face is that high section moves towards wall type work plane, and it is the slanting face and it is the actual exploitation work plane of described coal mining section of bowing that described high section moves towards wall type work plane; Described coal-face is divided into hypomere work plane and is positioned at the epimere work plane (4) above described hypomere work plane, and described hypomere work plane is arranged as broken line work plane, and described epimere work plane (4) is straightway work plane; The length L=L1+L2 of described coal-face and L >=80m, wherein L1 is the length of epimere work plane (4), and L2 is the length of described hypomere work plane;
Angle between described coal-face and horizontal plane is that puppet is bowed inclination angle of inclined plane β and β≤55 °, the angle between the bearing of described coal-face and large inclined super high seam (6) for moving towards angle γ, wherein
α is the inclination angle of large inclined super high seam (6);
Described hypomere work plane is spliced from bottom to up by multiple work plane sections (5), multiple described work plane sections (5) is straightway work plane and it is along laying from front to back, the length of described work plane sections (5) is 5m ~ 20m, and the length L2 of described hypomere work plane is the length sum of multiple described work plane sections (5); Angle between multiple described work plane sections (5) and horizontal plane increases from front to back gradually; The coal seam thickness of described large inclined super high seam (6) is larger, and the length of described work plane sections (5) is larger; The described puppet inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows is larger, and the length of described hypomere work plane is less;
The work plane sections (5) being positioned at foot in multiple described work plane sections (5) is bottom-working surface sections, the work plane sections (5) being positioned at topmost in multiple described work plane sections (5) is top work surface sections, and described bottom-working surface sections is positioned on front side of described top work surface sections; Described haulage way (3) is positioned at the bottom of described bottom-working surface sections, and described tailgate (2) is positioned at the top of described epimere work plane;
Step 2, section are high to be determined: according to the coal-face structure of described coal mining section determined in step one, determines the high H of section of described coal mining section in current institute mining phase; Wherein, H=H1+H2, H1 are the vertical height of described epimere work plane (4) and H1=L1 × sin β, H2 are the vertical height of described hypomere work plane and H2=L2 × sin β;
Step 3, seam mining: from top to bottom exploit respectively the multiple described coal mining section in current institute mining phase, process is as follows:
Step 301, the first coal mining section exploitation: with coal-face determined in step one for reality exploitation work plane and with the bearing of large inclined super high seam (6) for direction of propulsion, exploiting the first coal mining section being positioned at topmost in current institute mining phase;
When current exploited coal mining section is exploited, the inclination alpha of large inclined super high seam (6) is changed into puppet and to bow inclination angle of inclined plane β; And in recovery process, adopt force piece to carry out synchronous supporting to reality exploitation work plane;
Step 302, next coal mining section are exploited: according to the method described in step 301, exploit the described coal mining section of the next one in current institute mining phase;
Step 303, repetition step 302, until complete the recovery process of all coal mining sections in current institute mining phase.
2. according to large inclined super high seam high section according to claim 1 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: in step one, the inclination angle of each described work plane sections (5) is the angle between this work plane sections (5) and horizontal plane, the inclination angle of described bottom-working surface sections is 5 ° ~ 15 °, the inclination angle of described top work surface sections than puppet bow inclination angle of inclined plane β little 5 ° ~ 15 °, the inclination angle of each work plane sections (5) in described hypomere work plane except described top work surface sections is all little 5 ° than the inclination angle of Adjacent Working Face sections (5) on rear side of it ~ and 15 °.
3. move towards wall type according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 to combine and put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: in the work plane of hypomere described in step one, the quantity of included work plane sections (5) is not less than three; The described puppet inclination angle of inclined plane β that bows is larger, and in described hypomere work plane, the quantity of included work plane sections (5) is fewer.
4. according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: haulage way described in step one (3) is laid along the top board of large inclined super high seam (6), described tailgate (2) is laid along the base plate of large inclined super high seam (6), and haulage way (3) and tailgate (2) are all positioned at large inclined super high seam (6).
5. according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when described first coal mining section being exploited in step 301 and when the described coal mining section of the next one being exploited in step 302, coal-winning machine all along the from up to down coal cutting of described coal-face and bottom-up empty cutter return;
In recovery process, when adopting force piece to carry out synchronous supporting to reality exploitation work plane, carry out moving frame and pushing and sliding according to bottom-up order.
6. according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when exploiting described first coal mining section in step 301, process is as follows:
Step 3011, tunnel are got through: in the top and the bottom of described first coal mining section, get through tailgate (2) and haulage way (3) respectively;
The upper and lower end support of step 3012, work plane: tailgate described in step 3011 (2) and haulage way (3) are got through in process, adopts face end hydraulic support synchronously to carry out supporting respectively to the upper and lower termination of coal-face of described first coal mining section;
Step 3013, coal seam back production: adopt conventional seam mining method, back production is carried out to described first coal mining section.
7. according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when exploiting the described coal mining section of the next one in step 302, adopt whole caving method to carry out Sub-Level Caving.
8. according to large inclined super high seam high section according to claim 7 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when exploiting the described coal mining section of the next one in step 302, process is as follows:
Step 3021, tunnel are got through: in the top and the bottom of current exploited coal mining section, get through tailgate (2) and haulage way (3) respectively;
The upper and lower end support of step 3022, work plane: tailgate described in step 3021 (2) and haulage way (3) are got through in process, adopts face end hydraulic support synchronously to carry out supporting respectively to the upper and lower termination of coal-face of current exploited coal mining section;
Step 3023, coal seam back production: adopt conventional seam mining method, back production is carried out to current exploited coal mining section;
Step 3024, top coal caving: top coal caving is carried out to current exploited coal mining section; in recovery process, segment protection coal column (1) is all across falling, and makes the goaf at current exploited coal mining section rear and above it, goaf of adjacent coal mining section is interconnected.
9. according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: when described first coal mining section being exploited in step 301, not Sub-Level Caving or there is not toppling over, glide or sting frame at force piece prerequisite under carry out controlling Sub-Level Caving.
10. according to the large inclined super high seam high section described in claim 1 or 2 move towards wall type combine put coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: force piece described in step 301 is caving roof coal hydraulic support.
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| CN105370282B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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