A kind of preparation method of silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material, belong to photocatalysis and answer
Condensation material preparation field.
Background technology
TiO2It is the catalyst of heterogeneous catalytic reaction, valence-band level is deeper, has nontoxic a, corrosion resistance, high stability, instead
Answer mild condition, to organic matter degradation non-selectivity, mineralising in water pollutant thoroughly, non-secondary pollution, it is cheap the advantages that, be public
The photochemical catalyst for the most practical application foreground recognized.In processing sewage, improve drinking water quality, control atmosphere pollution, clean room
Interior air, catalyzing hydrolysis hydrogen manufacturing, sterilize and prepare solar energy sensitized cells etc. and be all widely used.Particularly protected in environment
In terms of shield, TiO2It is even more to present wide application prospect as photochemical catalyst.
But TiO2 photosensitized reaction is confined to ultraviolet region, this occupies the 5% of solar spectrum, further, since light
The height in raw electronics and hole pair recombination rate again, so as to limit TiO2 photocatalytic activity and application prospect.Therefore, extension is inhaled
The separation for receiving scope and promotion photo-generated carrier is to strengthen two big effective measures of TiO2 photocatalytic activities.Then it is scientific and technological both at home and abroad
Worker begins one's study doping vario-property to construct hetero-junctions to improve TiO2 photocatalytic activity, and why construction hetero-junctions is by joyous
Meet be because it can not only improve the performance of single material, and can introduce homogenous material without property.But only office
It is limited to synthesize binary composite, trielement composite material just started to be studied by people in recent years.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material, attempts
A kind of synthetic method of trielement composite material, while cadmium sulfide, silver are added in titanium dioxide, CdS energy gaps are smaller,
Its band-gap energy is 2.5 eV, compound with the eV TiO2 of band-gap energy 3.2, when excitation energy is not enough to excite the TiO2 in photochemical catalyst
When, CdS can be but excited, because TiO2 conduction bands are higher than CdS so that electronics caused by being stimulated on CdS is more easy to move to TiO2
On conduction band, caused hole is excited to remain in CdS valence band, migration of this electronics from CdS to TiO2 is advantageous to point of electric charge
From.When with the light irradiations of enough excitation energies, simultaneously electron transition occurs for CdS and TiO2, and due to energy level difference, electronics gathers
Collect the conduction band in TiO2(CB), and void coalescence is in CdS valence band(VB), light induced electron and hole can freely with surface
Adsorbate swaps the separation of charge effect that CdS/TiO2 improves system.Other Ag+Doping to change TiO2 surfaces clean
Cleanliness and add surface defect.The Ag being entrained on TiO2 + , receive electronics under light illumination and be reduced to simple substance Ag.Metal
Ag constitutes substantial amounts of micro cell on TiO2 surfaces, illumination excite anode from electronics caused by rear TiO2 surfaces to micro cell (
Ag) migrate, and hole then stays in anode (TiO2) surface, thus also achieves efficiently separating for electronics and hole.Therefore should
Composite has excellent photocatalysis performance, prepares the superior catalysis material of combination property.
A kind of preparation method of silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material, specific method are as follows:
(1)CdO/TiO2Preparation:
1.0g triblock copolymer pluronic P123 is weighed, is dissolved in 15ml absolute ethyl alcohols, stirs at room temperature
0.5h is mixed, is then ultrasonically treated 10min, is P123/EtOH mixed solutions, meanwhile, 3.2ml concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise to 4.0g
Tetra-n-butyl titanate in, and add Cd (NO3)2·4H2O, make obtained CdO/TiO2Mass ratio be 1%, 2%, 4% or 8%,
Mixed after P123/EtOH mixed solutions stirring 0.5h with above-mentioned solution, stir at least 3h at room temperature, the sol solution of synthesis is fallen
Enter in a unlimited culture dish, holding ambient humidity, light and temperature is 50%-60%, stands 2-4 weeks at room temperature, treats that it is changed into wet powder
Afterwards, ground after calcining 4h at 200 DEG C, powder is flowed back in pH11-12 ethylenediamine solution 48h, temperature is maintained at 125
DEG C, pH regulations finish in 11-12, backflow, filter and are washed with deionized, by product in 60 DEG C of dry 10h, finally, by institute
Obtain powder first to grind, then the N at 350 DEG C2Middle calcining 3h, 2h is then calcined in air at 500 DEG C and produces CdO/TiO2;
(2) CdS/TiO2The preparation of middle composite granule:
Use Na2S·9H2O is made into 100ml0.2mol/L Na2S solution, weigh CdO/TiO prepared by 0.6g2, it is dispersed in
100mlNa2In S solution, 6h is stirred at room temperature.Finally filter, by gained powder in 80 DEG C of dry 10h, produced by grinding
Middle composite granule;
(3)The preparation of silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material:
Weigh the made CdS/TiO of 0.3g2, 0.0094gAgNO3It is added in three-necked flask so that Ag/(CdO/TiO2)
Mass ratio be 2%, while add 45ml H2O and 5ml CH3OH, by above-mentioned solution high-purity Ar or N2Purify away O2, purification
After 30min, UV, visible light light source irradiation 1h is opened, is then centrifuged for and 80 DEG C of dry 10h will be deposited in obtaining silver-colored/cadmium sulfide/dioxy
Change titanium composite photocatalyst material.
From Figure of description 1, composite catalyzing material produced by the present invention is inhaled in UV-vis DRS spectrogram
Receive wavelength and reach 500nm.
Advantages of the present invention:The present invention is from the angle of composite, and by silver, cadmium sulfide is compounded in one with titanium dioxide
Rise, prepare a kind of catalysis material.This composite photocatalyst material is compared with pure titinium dioxide, in UV-vis DRS light
In spectrogram, absorbing wavelength is more than 400nm.With higher refraction coefficient and stable physical and chemical performance, and anti-chemistry and
Photoetch, photocatalytic activity are higher.Therefore, the composite in photocatalytic water, sterilize and prepare solar energy sensitized cells etc.,
Particularly in terms of environmental protection, have broad application prospects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the UV-vis DRS spectrogram of composite catalyzing material produced by the present invention.
Reference:
Fig. 2 is the CdS/TiO of four different proportions corresponding to embodiment 1-42Intermediate product and CdS and TiO2Photocatalysis
Effect.
Reference:
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1)CdO/TiO2Preparation:
1.0g triblock copolymer pluronic P123 is weighed, is dissolved in 15ml absolute ethyl alcohols, stirs at room temperature
0.5h is mixed, is then ultrasonically treated 10min, is P123/EtOH mixed solutions, meanwhile, 3.2ml concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise to 4.0g
Tetra-n-butyl titanate in, and add 0.0225g Cd (NO3)2·4H2O, make obtained CdO/TiO2Mass ratio be 1%,
Mixed after P123/EtOH mixed solutions stirring 0.5h with above-mentioned solution, stir at least 3h at room temperature.The sol solution of synthesis is fallen
Enter in a unlimited culture dish, holding ambient humidity, light and temperature is 50%-60%, stands 2-4 weeks at room temperature, treats that it is changed into wet powder
Afterwards, ground after calcining 4h at 200 DEG C, powder is flowed back in pH11-12 ethylenediamine solution 48h, temperature is maintained at 125
DEG C, pH regulations finish in 11-12, backflow, filter and are washed with deionized, by product in 60 DEG C of dry 10h, finally, by institute
Obtain powder first to grind, then the N at 350 DEG C2Middle calcining 3h, 2h is then calcined in air at 500 DEG C and produces CdO/TiO2;
(2)CdS/TiO2The preparation of middle composite granule:
With 0.0112g Na2S·9H2O is made into 100ml0.2mol/L Na2S solution, weigh CdO/ prepared by 0.6g
TiO2, it is dispersed in 100mlNa2In S solution, 6h is stirred energetically at room temperature.Finally filter, by gained powder in 80 DEG C of dryings
10h, CdS/TiO is produced by grinding2Middle composite granule;Take 50mgCdS/TiO2It is used for the 50ml that degrades under simulated solar irradiation
10PPm methyl orange solution, after 75min, degradation rate is up to 60%;
(3)The preparation of silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material:
Weigh the made CdS/TiO of 0.3g2, 0.0094gAgNO3It is added in three-necked flask, while adds 45ml H2O and
5ml CH3OH, by above-mentioned solution high-purity Ar or N2Purify away O2, after purifying 30min, UV, visible light light source irradiation 1h is opened,
It is then centrifuged for and 80 DEG C of dry 10h will be deposited in obtaining silver-colored/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material.
Embodiment 2
CdO/TiO2Preparation with step in embodiment 1(1), add 0.0451g Cd (NO3)2·4H2O, make obtained
CdO/TiO2Mass ratio be 2%;Weigh CdO/TiO prepared by 0.6g2, CdS/TiO2Middle composite granule preparation method is the same as real
Apply step in example 1(2), with 0.0224g Na2S·9H2O is made into 100ml0.2mol/L Na2S solution, prepares CdS/TiO2
Middle composite granule, takes 50mgCdS/TiO2Methyl orange solution under simulated solar irradiation for the 50ml 10PPm that degrade, 75min
Afterwards, degradation rate is up to 98.6%.
Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
CdO/TiO2Preparation with step in embodiment 1(1), add 0.0902g Cd (NO3)2·4H2O, make obtained
CdO/TiO2Mass ratio be 4%;Weigh CdO/TiO prepared by 0.6g2, CdS/TiO2Middle composite granule preparation method is the same as real
Apply step in example 1(2), with 0.0449g Na2S·9H2O is made into 100ml0.2mol/L Na2S solution, prepares CdS/TiO2
Middle composite granule, takes 50mgCdS/TiO2Methyl orange solution under simulated solar irradiation for the 50ml 10PPm that degrade, 75min
Afterwards, degradation rate is up to 73.7%.
Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
CdO/TiO2Preparation with step in embodiment 1(1), add 0.1803g Cd (NO3)2·4H2O, make obtained
CdO/TiO2Mass ratio be 8%;Weigh CdO/TiO prepared by 0.6g2, CdS/TiO2Middle composite granule preparation method is the same as real
Apply step in example 1(2), with 0.0898g Na2S·9H2O is made into 100ml0.2mol/L Na2S solution, prepares CdS/TiO2
Middle composite granule, takes 50mgCdS/TiO2Methyl orange solution under simulated solar irradiation for the 50ml 10PPm that degrade, 75min
Afterwards, degradation rate is up to 89.2%.
Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
The preparation of object of reference cadmium sulfide
(1)Weigh 2.4018g Na2S·9H2O and 3.0848g Cd (NO3)2·4H2O is respectively placed in 50 mL beaker
Add appropriate amount of deionized water dissolving.
(2)By Cd (NO3)2·4H2O solution is placed in oil bath pan, the stirring reaction 30min at 100 DEG C.
(3)Then by Na2S·9H2O solution is added dropwise to Cd (NO3)2·4H2In O solution, and the stirring reaction at 100 DEG C
30min, makeWithFully reaction.
(4)Room temperature is subsequently cooled to, is centrifuged, and is washed respectively 2 times with ethanol and deionized water, obtained product exists
70Lower dry 10h, grinds and produces CdS powder.
Object of reference TiO2Preparation
(1)1.0g triblock copolymer pluronic P123 is weighed, is dissolved in 15ml absolute ethyl alcohols, at room temperature
0.5h is stirred, is then ultrasonically treated 10min.
(2)3.2ml concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise in 4.0g tetra-n-butyl titanate TBOT solution.P123/EtOH is mixed
Mixed after solution stirring 0.5h with above-mentioned solution, stir at least 3h energetically at room temperature.
(3)The sol solution of synthesis is poured into a unlimited culture dish, it is 50% to keep ambient humidity, light and temperature --- 60%, in
Standing for several weeks at room temperature.After it is changed into wet powder, calcining 4h carrys out rock-steady structure at 200 DEG C.
(4)Grind afterwards, powder is flowed back in ethylenediamine solution 48h, temperature is maintained at 125 DEG C, and PH regulations exist
11——12.Backflow finishes, and filters and is washed with deionized, by product in 60 DEG C of dry 10h.
(5)Then, gained powder is first ground, then the N at 350 DEG C2Middle calcining 3h makes meso-hole structure stable.
(6)Finally, 2h is calcined in air at 500 DEG C to remove organic formwork and improve crystallinity.
The CdS/TiO of four different proportions corresponding to embodiment 1-42Intermediate product and CdS and TiO2Photocatalysis effect,
As shown in Figure of description 2, the CdS/TiO of prepared four different proportions2In intermediate product, 2%CdS/TiO2Photocatalysis
Effect is best, better than CdS and TiO2。
Using the best 2%CdS/TiO of photocatalysis effect2Prepare silver/cadmium sulfide/titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material:
Weigh the made 2%CdS/TiO of 0.3g2, by 0.0094gAgNO3It is added in three-necked flask so that Ag/(CdO/
TiO2)Mass ratio be 2%, while add 45ml H2O and 5ml CH3OH, by above-mentioned solution high-purity Ar or N2Purify away O2,
After purifying 30min, UV, visible light light source irradiation 1h is opened.Be then centrifuged for and will be deposited in 80 DEG C of dry 10h obtain silver-colored/cadmium sulfide/
Titanic oxide composite photochemical catalyst material.Take 50mg cadmium sulfides/titanium dioxide CdS/TiO2It is used to degrade under simulated solar irradiation
50ml 10PPm methyl orange solution, after 75min, degradation rate is up to 71.1%.