CN105363474A - 一种防治雾霾的组合物 - Google Patents

一种防治雾霾的组合物 Download PDF

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CN105363474A
CN105363474A CN201510780598.5A CN201510780598A CN105363474A CN 105363474 A CN105363474 A CN 105363474A CN 201510780598 A CN201510780598 A CN 201510780598A CN 105363474 A CN105363474 A CN 105363474A
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唐靖岚
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Wuxi Qingyang Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防治雾霾的组合物，所述组合物如下组分，A)6％-20％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈钴钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Co:K为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1)；B)3％-8％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1)，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；C)余量的活性炭。本发明所述的组合物可以在封闭场馆布置或喷涂于建筑物外观，能够对大范围的雾霾起到良好的防治效果。

Description

一种防治雾霾的组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及组合物技术领域，具体涉及一种防治雾霾的组合物。
背景技术
雾霾天气是一种大气污染状态，雾霾是对大气中各种悬浮颗粒物含量超标的笼统表述，尤其是PM2.5(空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物)被认为是造成雾霾天气的“元凶”。
雾是由大量悬浮在近地面空气中的微小水滴或冰晶组成的气溶胶系统。多出现于秋冬季节，是近地面层空气中水汽凝结(或凝华)的产物。雾的存在会降低空气透明度，使能见度恶化，如果目标物的水平能见度降低到1000米以内，就将悬浮在近地面空气中的水汽凝结(或凝华)物的天气现象称为雾(Fog)。
霾，也称灰霾(烟雾)空气中的灰尘、硫酸、硝酸、有机碳氢化合物等粒子也能使大气混浊。将目标物的水平能见度在1000-10000米的这种现象称为轻雾或霭(Mist)。形成雾时大气湿度应该是饱和的(如有大量凝结核存在时，相对湿度不一定达到100％就可能出现饱和)。由于液态水或冰晶组成的雾散射的光与波长关系不大，因而雾看起来呈乳白色或青白色和灰色。二氧化硫、氮氧化物和可吸入颗粒物是雾霾的主要组成。
2013年，“雾霾”成为年度关键词。这一年的1月，4次雾霾过程笼罩30个省(区、市)，在北京，仅有5天不是雾霾天。有报告显示，中国最大的500个城市中，只有不到1％的城市达到世界卫生组织推荐的空气质量标准，与此同时，世界上污染最严重的10个城市有7个在中国。
雾霾对人体产生的危害如下：
(1)对呼吸系统的影响
霾的组成成分非常复杂,包括数百种大气化学颗粒物质。其中有害健康的主要是直径小于10微米的气溶胶粒子，如矿物颗粒物、海盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机气溶胶粒子、燃料和汽车废气等，它能直接进入并粘附在人体呼吸道和肺泡中。尤其是亚微米粒子会分别沉积于上、下呼吸道和肺泡中，引起急性鼻炎和急性支气管炎等病症。对于支气管哮喘、慢性支气管炎、阻塞性肺气肿和慢性阻塞性肺疾病等慢性呼吸系统疾病患者，雾霾天气可使病情急性发作或急性加重。如果长期处于这种环境还会诱发肺癌。
(2)对心血管系统的影响
雾霾天对人体心脑血管疾病的影响也很严重，会阻碍正常的血液循环，导致心血管病、高血压、冠心病、脑溢血，可能诱发心绞痛、心肌梗塞、心力衰竭等，使慢性支气管炎出现肺源性心脏病等。
另外，浓雾天气压比较低，人会产生一种烦躁的感觉，血压自然会有所增高。再一方面雾天往往气温较低，一些高血压、冠心病患者从温暖的室内突然走到寒冷的室外，血管热胀冷缩，也可使血压升高，导致中风、心肌梗死的发生。所以心脑血病患者一定要按时服药小心应对。
(3)雾霾天气还可导致近地层紫外线的减弱，使空气中的传染性病菌的活性增强，传染病增多。
(4)不利于儿童成长。由于雾天日照减少，儿童紫外线照射不足，体内维生素D生成不足，对钙的吸收大大减少，严重的会引起婴儿佝偻病、儿童生长减慢。
(5)影响心理健康
专家指出，持续大雾天对人的心理和身体都有影响，从心理上说，大雾天会给人造成沉闷、压抑的感受，会刺激或者加剧心理抑郁的状态。此外，由于雾天光线较弱及导致的低气压，有些人在雾天会产生精神懒散、情绪低落的现象。
(6)影响生殖能力
有研究表明，长期暴露于高浓度污染的空气中的人群，其精子在体外受精时的成功率可能会降低。研究人员还发现了有毒空气和男性生育能力下降之间的关联。
2013年11月5日，中国社会科学院、中国气象局联合发布的《气候变化绿皮书：应对气候变化报告(2013)》指出，近50年来中国雾霾天气总体呈增加趋势。其中，雾日数呈明显减少，霾日数明显增加，且持续性霾过程增加显著。
目前，对雾霾的防治措施，仅仅是被动式的措施，比如采用口罩、净化器等形式。该应对方式只能被动应对雾霾。或只能小范围处理雾霾，不能大范围处理雾霾。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种防治雾霾的组合物，该组合物可以大范围布置，能够快速去除雾霾。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种防治雾霾的组合物，所述组合物包括如下组分，
A)6％-20％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈钴钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Co:K为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1)；
B)3％-8％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1)，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；
C)余量的活性炭；
本发明通过选取特定组分A和组分B，使得该组合物产生协同效应，该组合物对雾霾的防治有效率达到100％，同时活性高，便于布置，可以在封闭场馆布置或喷涂于建筑物外观，能够对大范围的雾霾起到良好的防治效果。
具体实施方式
本发明通过下述实施例对本发明的组合物进行说明。
实施例1
一种防治雾霾的组合物，所述组合物包括如下组分，
A)10％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈钴钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Co:K为1:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1；
B)5％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo的摩尔比为0.1:1:1:1，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；
C)余量的活性炭。
将所述组合物封装于小包，分散在房间四周，在PM2.5为300时开窗，使得室内PM2.5与室外相同，关闭门窗，1小时后测试PM2.5，其值仅为3。
对比例1
组分A含量15％，不含组分B，其余条件不变，1小时后的PM2.5值为48。
对比例2
组分B含量15％，不含组分A，其余条件不变，1小时后的PM2.5值为42。
上述实施例及对比例说明，单独的组分A和组分B，均达不到组分A和组分B联用的效果，说明本发明的组合物A和B组分之间存在特定的联系，其产生了协同效应。
申请人声明，本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的组合物，但本发明并不局限于上述组合物，即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细组合物才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，对本发明的任何改进，对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种防治雾霾的催化组合物，所述组合物包括如下组分，
A)6％-20％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈钴钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Co:K为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1)；
B)3％-8％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1)，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；
C)余量的活性炭。
CN201510780598.5A 2015-11-13 2015-11-13 一种防治雾霾的组合物 Withdrawn CN105363474A (zh)

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