CN105361855A - Method for effectively acquiring event-related magnetic field information in magnetoencephalogram signals - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法，步骤如下：（1）采集脑磁图数据并进行预处理；（2）建立时频原子库；（3）单通道匹配追踪算法建立线性组合；（4）多通道匹配追踪算法；（5）依靠所有通道的总能量残余决定迭代终止，获得信号分解后的原子；（6）去除代表伪迹噪声的原子，重新构建信号。本发明具有如下优点：（1）通过本发明对脑磁图信号进行后处理，可以极大的减少刺激次数，避免长时间的重复刺激使被扫描者产生疲劳而影响试验结果；（2）减少受试者训练量，降低对受试者的要求，扩大临床研究对受试者的选择范围；（3）减少数据采集时间，降低研究成本，有利于事件相关磁场的临床实际研究和推广应用。
The invention discloses a method for effectively obtaining event-related magnetic field information in a magnetoencephalogram signal, the steps are as follows: (1) collect magnetoencephalogram data and perform preprocessing; (2) establish a time-frequency atomic library; (3) single-channel The matching pursuit algorithm establishes a linear combination; (4) Multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm; (5) Rely on the total energy residual of all channels to determine the iteration termination, and obtain the atoms after signal decomposition; (6) Remove the atoms representing artifact noise and reconstruct Signal. The present invention has the following advantages: (1) The post-processing of the magnetoencephalogram signal by the present invention can greatly reduce the number of stimulations, avoiding long-term repeated stimulations to cause fatigue of the scanned person and affect the test results; (2) reduce The amount of training for subjects reduces the requirements for subjects and expands the selection of subjects for clinical research; (3) Reduces data collection time and research costs, which is conducive to clinical research and promotion of event-related magnetic fields.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及图像及信号处理技术领域，特别是涉及一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法。 The invention relates to the technical field of image and signal processing, in particular to a method for effectively acquiring event-related magnetic field information in magnetoencephalogram signals.
背景技术 Background technique
事件相关磁场（EventRelatedField,ERF）是指外加或内源的刺激作用于人体感觉系统或脑的某一部分的过程中，由给予刺激或撤消刺激而引起的外周神经系统和中枢神经系统在传递信息过程中产生的微弱磁场变化。在脑科学的研究中，事件相关磁场的应用非常广泛。目前，事件相关磁场已应用于神经科学研究、临床检查和手术、麻醉监护以及神经损伤评估等领域。 Event-related field (EventRelatedField, ERF) refers to the process of external or endogenous stimulation acting on the human sensory system or a certain part of the brain, and the process of transmitting information between the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system caused by the stimulation or withdrawal of stimulation. The weak magnetic field changes generated in the In the research of brain science, the application of event-related magnetic field is very extensive. At present, event-related magnetic fields have been used in neuroscience research, clinical examination and surgery, anesthesia monitoring, and nerve injury assessment and other fields.
实际应用中广泛采用的叠加平均法认为，需要对受试者进行多次的刺激，通过信号的平均来抵消噪声信号对微弱磁场信号的影响。一般来说，平均叠加方法需要大约50-100次左右的刺激，并对响应信号进行评价，才能获得较理想的ERF信号这导致的直接后果就是，对受试者的扫描承受力要求很高，长时间的重复刺激会使神经系统产生疲劳而影响试验结果。这样的数据采集和后处理方式，耗时耗力且对可靠性有影响，不利于临床实际研究和推广应用。 The superposition average method widely used in practical applications believes that the subject needs to be stimulated multiple times, and the influence of the noise signal on the weak magnetic field signal is offset by the average of the signal. Generally speaking, the average superposition method requires about 50-100 stimulations and evaluates the response signal to obtain an ideal ERF signal. The direct consequence of this is that the scanning tolerance of the subjects is very high. Repeated stimulation for a long time will fatigue the nervous system and affect the test results. Such data collection and post-processing methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive and have an impact on reliability, which is not conducive to clinical research and popularization.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法，能够解决现有数据采集及后处理方式存在的上述问题。 The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for effectively obtaining event-related magnetic field information in magnetoencephalogram signals, which can solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing data collection and post-processing methods.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法，包括如下步骤： In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for effectively obtaining event-related magnetic field information in magnetoencephalogram signals, including the following steps:
（1）采集脑磁图数据并进行预处理； (1) Acquisition and preprocessing of MEG data;
（2）建立时频原子库：由一个经过调制的高斯窗函数构成Gabor原子，通过对单个Gabor原子进行伸缩、平移和调制变换，生成时频原子库；其中，所述高斯窗函数为： (2) Establish a time-frequency atomic library: a Gabor atom is composed of a modulated Gaussian window function, and a time-frequency atomic library is generated by performing stretching, translation and modulation transformation on a single Gabor atom; wherein, the Gaussian window function is:
， ,
式中，s、u、v、N分别为尺度因子、位移因子、频率因子和信号长度；为时频参数； In the formula, s, u, v, N are scale factor, displacement factor, frequency factor and signal length respectively; is the time-frequency parameter;
（3）通过单通道匹配追踪算法，把转化入希尔伯特空间H的脑磁图单通道信号f从过完备库中迭代选择出时频原子，形成线性组合； (3) Through the single-channel matching pursuit algorithm, the magnetoencephalogram single-channel signal f transformed into the Hilbert space H is passed through the complete library The time-frequency atoms are iteratively selected in the middle to form a linear combination;
（4）对步骤（3）中所述的单通道算法进行扩展，形成多通道匹配追踪算法，即把n个单通道脑磁图信号线性分解成的组合； (4) Extend the single-channel algorithm described in step (3) to form a multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm, that is, to combine n single-channel magnetoencephalogram signals linearly decomposed into The combination;
（5）迭代终止后所有通道的总能量及新的信号： (5) The total energy and new signal of all channels after the iteration is terminated:
第M步迭代后： After the Mth iteration:
， ,
当时，迭代终止； when When , the iteration terminates;
此时，脑磁图单通道信号最终分解为： At this point, the MEG single-channel signal is finally decomposed into:
通道的能量为：； The energy of the channel is: ;
（6）去除代表伪迹噪声的原子。 (6) Remove atoms representing artifact noise.
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤（2）中，所述单个Gabor原子变换方法为：调整常数使得；将时频参数按以下方法变换以离散化：，，，，，，，相位。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the single Gabor atom transformation method is: adjusting the constant make ; the time-frequency parameter Transform to discretize as follows: , , , , , , , phase .
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤（3）中，所述单通道匹配追踪算法为： In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the single-channel matching pursuit algorithm is:
令为次迭代分解出的原子，第0次迭代的剩余量为，第次迭代的剩余量为，则单通道匹配追踪算法如下表示： make for Atoms decomposed by iteration 0, the remainder of iteration 0 is , No. The remainder of the iteration is , then the single-channel matching pursuit algorithm is expressed as follows:
， ,
其中，为与之间的内积。 in, for and Inner product between.
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤（4）中，所述多通道匹配追踪算法为：令通道l第0次迭代的剩余量为，第次迭代的剩余量为，则多通道匹配追踪算法为： In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (4), the multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm is as follows: Let the remaining amount of the 0th iteration of channel l be , No. The remainder of the iteration is , then the multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm is:
。 .
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤（6）中，所述伪迹噪声原子包括： In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (6), the artifact noise atom includes:
①位移因子在刺激前，尺度因子小于1.5倍振荡调制周期，持续时间小于100ms的原子； ① Atoms whose displacement factor is less than 1.5 times the oscillation modulation period before stimulation, and whose duration is less than 100ms;
②尺度因子大于5倍振荡调制周期，持续整个时间段的原子。 ② Atoms whose scale factor is greater than 5 times the oscillation modulation period and last for the entire time period.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明是一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法，具有如下优点： The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is a method for effectively obtaining event-related magnetic field information in magnetoencephalogram signals, and has the following advantages:
（1）通过本发明对脑磁图信号进行后处理，可以极大的减少刺激次数，避免长时间的重复刺激使被试者产生疲劳而影响试验结果； (1) The post-processing of magnetoencephalogram signals by the present invention can greatly reduce the number of stimulations, avoiding long-term repeated stimulations to make the subjects fatigue and affect the test results;
（2）减少受试者训练量，降低对受试者的要求，扩大临床研究对受试者的选择范围； (2) Reduce the amount of training for subjects, reduce the requirements for subjects, and expand the selection of subjects for clinical research;
（3）减少数据采集时间，降低研究成本，有利于事件相关磁场信息的临床实际研究和推广应用。 (3) Reduce data acquisition time, reduce research costs, and facilitate clinical research and popularization of event-related magnetic field information.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法的流程图； Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for effectively obtaining event-related magnetic field information in a magnetoencephalogram signal of the present invention;
图2是本发明的方法和传统平均叠加法处理的结果对比图。 Fig. 2 is a comparison chart of the results processed by the method of the present invention and the traditional average superposition method.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so as to define the protection scope of the present invention more clearly.
请参阅图1和图2，本发明实施例包括： Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
本发明揭示了一种有效获取脑磁图信号中事件相关磁场信息的方法，建立时频原子库，对脑磁图数据扫描和标准处理后的数据进行多通道匹配追踪算法计算，去除伪迹原子，保留有意义的原子，进行信号重组，得到最终信号。如图1所示，具体步骤如下： The invention discloses a method for effectively obtaining event-related magnetic field information in magnetoencephalogram signals, establishing a time-frequency atomic library, performing multi-channel matching and tracking algorithm calculations on magnetoencephalogram data scans and standard processed data, and removing artifact atoms , retain meaningful atoms, perform signal recombination, and obtain the final signal. As shown in Figure 1, the specific steps are as follows:
（1）采集脑磁图数据并进行预处理； (1) Acquisition and preprocessing of MEG data;
（2）建立时频原子库：由一个经过调制的高斯窗函数构成Gabor原子，通过对单个Gabor原子进行伸缩、平移和调制变换，生成时频原子库；其中，所述高斯窗函数为： (2) Establish a time-frequency atomic library: a Gabor atom is composed of a modulated Gaussian window function, and a time-frequency atomic library is generated by performing stretching, translation and modulation transformation on a single Gabor atom; wherein, the Gaussian window function is:
， ,
式中，s、u、v、N分别为尺度因子、位移因子、频率因子和信号长度。通过调整常数使得 为时频参数；时频参数按以下方法变换以离散化：，，，，，，，相位。按照以上离散方式，以生成时频原子库，为时频参数的集合； In the formula, s, u, v, N are scale factor, displacement factor, frequency factor and signal length respectively. By adjusting the constant make is the time-frequency parameter; the time-frequency parameter Transform to discretize as follows: , , , , , , , phase . According to the above discrete method, to generate the time-frequency atomic library , is the time-frequency parameter collection of
（3）通过单通道匹配追踪算法，把转化入希尔伯特空间H的脑磁图单通道信号f从过完备库中迭代选择出时频原子，形成线性组合； (3) Through the single-channel matching pursuit algorithm, the magnetoencephalogram single-channel signal f transformed into the Hilbert space H is passed through the complete library The time-frequency atoms are iteratively selected in the middle to form a linear combination;
令为次迭代分解出的原子，第0次迭代的剩余量为，第次迭代的剩余量为，则单通道匹配追踪算法如下表示： make for Atoms decomposed by iteration 0, the remainder of iteration 0 is , No. The remainder of the iteration is , then the single-channel matching pursuit algorithm is expressed as follows:
， ,
其中，为与之间的内积； in, for and the inner product between;
（4）对步骤（3）中所述的单通道算法进行扩展，即多通道匹配追踪算法，把n个单通道脑磁图信号线性分解成的组合； (4) Extend the single-channel algorithm described in step (3), that is, the multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm, which takes n single-channel magnetoencephalogram signals linearly decomposed into The combination;
令通道l第0次迭代的剩余量为，第次迭代的剩余量为，则多通道匹配追踪算法为： Let the remaining amount of the 0th iteration of channel l be , No. The remainder of the iteration is , then the multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm is:
； ;
（5）迭代终止后所有通道的总能量及新的信号： (5) The total energy and new signal of all channels after the iteration is terminated:
第M步迭代后： After the Mth iteration:
， ,
当时，迭代终止； when When , the iteration terminates;
此时，脑磁图单通道信号最终分解为： At this point, the MEG single-channel signal is finally decomposed into:
通道的能量为：； The energy of the channel is: ;
（6）去除代表伪迹噪声的原子，所述伪迹噪声原子包括： (6) Remove atoms representing artifact noise, the artifact noise atoms include:
①位移因子在刺激前，尺度因子小于1.5倍振荡调制周期，持续时间小于100ms的原子； ① Atoms whose displacement factor is less than 1.5 times the oscillation modulation period before stimulation, and whose duration is less than 100ms;
②尺度因子大于5倍振荡调制周期，持续整个时间段的原子。 ② Atoms whose scale factor is greater than 5 times the oscillation modulation period and last for the entire time period.
利用本发明的方法和传统的平均叠加法对被试者进行测试并进行结果处理，具体如图2所示， Utilize method of the present invention and traditional average superposition method to test subject and carry out result processing, specifically as shown in Figure 2,
（a）对被试者进行100次同类型重复刺激，对采集到的脑磁图信号叠加平均后，获得的脑能量拓扑图； (a) Subjects were subjected to 100 repeated stimulations of the same type, and the brain energy topology map was obtained after superimposing and averaging the collected MEG signals;
（b）对被试者仅仅进行4次同类型重复刺激，对采集到的脑磁图信号叠加平均后，获得的脑能量拓扑图； (b) The topological map of brain energy obtained by superimposing and averaging the collected magnetoencephalogram signals after only 4 repeated stimulations of the same type were performed on the subjects;
（c）对被试者进行4次同类型重复刺激，经多通道匹配追踪算法处理后，获得的脑能量拓扑图。 (c) The brain energy topology map obtained after 4 repetitions of the same type of stimulation to the subject and processed by the multi-channel matching pursuit algorithm.
从图中可以发现，4次刺激下的脑磁图信号经过叠加平均后呈现的脑能量拓扑图存在明显的异常（图b）；而经过本发明的方法处理后，能量拓扑结果（图c）与典型100次刺激并进行叠加平均后得到的脑能量拓扑图基本一致。通过上述对比可知，本发明的方法能够在有限次刺激下有效的提取有意义的和刺激密切相关的事件相关磁场信息。 It can be seen from the figure that there is an obvious abnormality in the topological map of brain energy presented after the superposition and averaging of the magnetoencephalogram signals under the four stimulations (picture b); and after being processed by the method of the present invention, the result of the topological energy of the brain (picture c) It is basically consistent with the brain energy topology map obtained after typical 100 stimulations and superimposed average. It can be seen from the above comparison that the method of the present invention can effectively extract meaningful and stimulus-related event-related magnetic field information under a limited number of stimuli.
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。 The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies fields, are all included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention in the same way.
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