CN105359467B

CN105359467B - Pass through the method and system of the end to end connection transmission packet of concentration

Info

Publication number: CN105359467B
Application number: CN201380077959.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋浩伟; 吴锦超; 梁允俊
Original assignee: Pismo Labs Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Pismo Labs Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2013-07-05
Filing date: 2013-07-05
Publication date: 2019-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-05
Also published as: GB2519864B; GB201418129D0; GB2519864A; WO2015001394A1; CN105359467A

Abstract

A kind of end to end connection by establishing concentration with the second communications router transmits the method and the first communications router of data packet to second communications router.The end to end connection of the concentration includes multiple end to end connection having been established.End to end connection has been established by first when meeting first condition and transmits data packet, and end to end connection has been established by second when meeting second condition and transmits data packet.Described first, which has been established end to end connection and described second, has been established the end to end connection that end to end connection belongs to the concentration.First communications router includes multiple network interfaces.

Description

Pass through the method and system of the end to end connection transmission packet of concentration

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to the fields of computer network.It more particularly relates to pass through first and second Multiple have been established end to end connection (established end-to-end connection) between communications router establish collection In end to end connection method and system.The invention further relates to what is implemented by the first communications router, based on whether Meet certain conditions, the method for transmitting data packet to the second communications router by the way that end to end connection specifically has been established.

Background technique

More wide area network (WAN) site-to-site vpn routers are to support to concentrate multiple interconnection (for example, for accessing The WAN connection of one or more remote private networks) bandwidth router.In some embodiments, each TCP/IP meeting Words are only routed to a WAN.In this configuration, single TCP file delivery session can only utilize a WAN in each terminal The bandwidth of connection.For example, VPN flow is routed in the session based on site-to-site Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection Multiple WAN connections between two websites (for example, website A and B).

In one embodiment, M × N number of tunnel is initially formed between WAN connection, wherein M and N is website respectively The number that A is connected with the WAN network of website B.Then application program TCP/IP session is routed via different tunnels.However, answering Although note that the session based on site-to-site vpn can for different sessions utilize different tunnels, this type Single download session in connection can only utilize a tunnel.

In order to improve the handling capacity of forms data transmission session, route pattern has been created to attempt for single TCP/IP meeting Words utilize multiple WAN connections.In some cases, implement channel bonding.For example, the website of the binding on more wan routers Into website VPN connection, the data from single TCP/IP session are distributed to multiple tunnels.In these arrangements, according to M × The corresponding upstream or downstream bandwidth in N number of tunnel utilizes the tunnel, and in the individual session sent via these tunnels The amount of data and each bandwidth in tunnel are distributed than proportionally.However, these solutions still fail in view of some tunnels Transmission data are not applied to because of one or more conditions.In addition, these solutions also do not consider some network interfaces not One or more conditions can be met, and therefore those network interfaces are not applied to transmission data.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the present invention provides through end to end connection will have been established be divided into first group that end to end connection and at least has been established One group non-first group has been established end to end connection to select to have been established the devices, systems, and methods of end to end connection, wherein first Group has been established end to end connection and meets all one or more conditions, and wherein at least one group non-first group has been established end and arrive End connection does not meet all one or more conditions.By using condition, the embodiment of the present invention can select to have met End to end connection has been established to transmit data packet without the use of undesirable and have been established end to end connection and transmit in condition Data packet.

According to one embodiment of present invention, when first, which has been established end to end connection, does not meet first condition, is used Two have been established end to end connection transmission data packet.According to one embodiment of present invention, when first has been established end to end connection symbol When closing fourth condition, reuses first and end to end connection has been established to transmit data packet and stop using second end has been established Data packet is transmitted to end connection.

According to one embodiment of present invention, fourth condition is more tightened up than first condition, to avoid fourth condition is being met But it does not meet and is converted between first condition, and cause first end to end connection and second has been established and end to end connection has been established It toggles.

According to one embodiment of present invention, if second has been established end to end connection and met second condition, make End to end connection has been established with second.

According to one embodiment of present invention, before end to end connection transmission data packet has been established using first in termination, Determined using third condition when first has been established end to end connection and fail to comply with first condition, when initialize, prepare or Starting second has been established end to end connection and is used for transmission data packet.

Detailed description of the invention

Figure 1A shows one network environment in multiple embodiments according to the present invention.

Figure 1B shows the system adjusted according to embodiment, is configured to by adjusting the tunnel during data transfer sessions Road bandwidth weighting pattern come optimize binding multiple bandwidth varyings connection handling capacity.

Fig. 2A illustrates the high-level flowchart of the operation of system, and which depict the handling capacities of the connection for improving binding Method.

Fig. 2 B is shown in which to be based at least partially on the modified weight distribution packet in tunnel after implementing method of weighting Embodiment.

Fig. 3 shows the class of the information that can be encapsulated in the IP packet transmitted according to one in multiple embodiments Type.

Fig. 4 how is shown according to one in multiple embodiments by established end to end connection point groups of tree Shape figure.

Fig. 5 is the schematic block diagrams according to one communications router in multiple embodiments.

Fig. 6 A is flow chart, and it illustrates being used to established end to end connection according to one in multiple embodiments One group of process being divided into group.

Fig. 6 B shows dividing established end to end connection based on multiple conditions according to one in multiple embodiments At multiple groups of process.

Fig. 6 C shows dividing established end to end connection based on multiple conditions according to one in multiple embodiments At multiple groups of process, wherein the multiple condition is all based on same metric standard.

Fig. 7 is shown according to the established end-to-end company of one multiple groups at communications router in multiple embodiments The classification connect.

Fig. 8 is the flow chart shown according to one process in multiple embodiments.

Fig. 9 is to show that end to end connection has been established according to what the selection of one in multiple embodiments was used for transmission data packet Process flow chart.

Figure 10 is the diagram of preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 11 is the process for showing the network interface that data packet is used for transmission according to the selection of one in multiple embodiments Flow chart.

Specific embodiment

Illustrate only to provide preferred illustrative embodiment and exemplary embodiment below, and is not intended to limit model of the invention It encloses, applicability or configuration.In fact it is preferred to which the following explanation of exemplary embodiment and exemplary embodiment will be for fields Technical staff provides the effective explanation for implementing preferred illustrative embodiment of the invention.It should be understood that not departing from such as in appended power The various change of the function and arrangement of element can be made in the case where the spirit and scope of the present invention described in sharp claim.

Also, it should be noted that embodiment can be described as process, process be portrayed as flow chart, flow chart, data flow diagram, Structure chart or block diagram.Although flow chart can describe the operations as sequential process, many operations can be in parallel or concurrently It executes.In addition, the sequence of operation can rearrange.When that operation is complete, process terminates, but process can have and not include Other step in figure.Process can be corresponding with method, function, step, subroutine, subprogram etc..When process and function When corresponding, terminate corresponding back to calling function or principal function with the function.

In addition, as herein disclosed, term " from storage device " and " main memory " can indicate for storing data One or more devices include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic ram, magnetic core storage, magnetic Disk storage media, optic storage medium, flash memory device and/or other machine-readable mediums for storing information.Art Language " machine-readable medium " is including but not limited to portable or fixed-storage device, optical storage, wireless channel and energy Enough store, contain or carry the various other media of instruction and/or data.Machine-readable medium can be by virtualizing come real It is existing, and can be virtual machine readable media, it include the virtual machine readable media in example based on cloud.

In addition, embodiment can be by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or any combination thereof To implement.When being implemented with software, firmware, middleware, or microcode, the program code or code segment for executing necessary task can be deposited Storage is for example storing in the machine-readable mediums such as media.Processing unit can execute necessary task.Processing unit can be CPU, ASIC semiconductor chip, semiconductor chip, logic unit, digital processing unit, analog processor, FPGA are able to carry out logic sum Any processor of arithmetic function.Code segment can indicate step, function, subprogram, program, routine, subroutine, module, soft Part packet, classification, or any combination of instruction, data structure or program statement.One code segment can be by transmitting and/or receiving Information, data, independent variable, parameter or memory content are coupled to another code segment or hardware circuit.Information, independent variable, parameter, Data etc. can via comprising any suitable ways such as Memory Sharing, message transmission, token passing, network transmission transmitting, Forwarding or transmission.Processing unit can be realized by virtualizing, and can be Virtual Processing Unit, be included in reality based on cloud Virtual Processing Unit in example.

Connection-oriented Protocol (for example, transmission control protocol (TCP)) or connectionless protocol can be used in end to end connection (for example, User Datagram Protocol (UDP)) transmits data packet.Well-known agreement for disposing end to end connection includes Level 2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP), Secure Shell (SSH) agreement, multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and the point-to-point tunnel of Microsoft Road agreement (PPTP).The connection of network interface is connected in optical fiber, Ethernet, ATM, frame relay, T1/E1.IPv4, IPv6, nothing The forms such as line technology, Wi-Fi, WiMax, high-speed packet access technology, 3GPP long term evolution (LTE).

Network interface can be virtual network interface, include the virtual network interface in example based on cloud.

Figure 1A shows one network environment in multiple embodiments according to the present invention.Communications router 106 and logical Believe that router 108 establishes the end to end connection 103 concentrated.The end to end connection 103 of concentration includes multiple established end-to-end Connection.Multiple established end to end connection are divided into multiple groups.In order to be better described, group 103A indicates first group and has been established End to end connection, group 103B indicate second group of established end to end connection, and organize 103C expression be not belonging to first group It establishes end to end connection or second group has been established all other of end to end connection and end to end connection has been established.Subsequent details herein In will be discussed in more detail and end to end connection will have been established be divided into group 103A, 103B or a 103C.Alternatively, multiple ends that have been established are arrived End connection is divided into multiple groups.

According to one in multiple embodiments, communications router 106 and 108 has one or more network interfaces.Communication Router 106 is established multiple via one or more network interfaces of one or more network interface and communications router 108 Described has been established end to end connection.

In one in various embodiments, after end to end connection has been established and is divided into group 103A, 103B and 103C, By communications router 106, according to the condition of the user of communications router 106, manufacturer or administrator setting, via different groups Have been established end to end connection transmission data packet.

In one in various embodiments, have been established end to end connection be divided into group 103A, 103B and/or 103C it Afterwards, by communications router 106, according to the condition of the user of communications router 106, manufacturer or administrator setting and packet Type transmits different types of packet via different groups of the end to end connection that has been established.

The end to end connection of concentration

Multiple end to end connection that have been established are concentrated, combined or bound together to form the end-to-end company of a concentration It connects, such as the end to end connection 103 of concentration.Those skilled in the art will understand that, there are various ways concentrating, combine or Bind it is multiple end to end connection has been established with formed one concentration end to end connection.The end to end connection of concentration is used it Session or application program are considered as an end to end connection.The end to end connection of concentration can be considered as tunnel, Virtual Private Network Or connection mode or connection-oriented connectionless-mode.For example, the end to end connection 103 concentrated is TCP connection.In another example In, the end to end connection 103 of concentration is UDP connection.In another example, the end to end connection of concentration is the collection in multiple tunnels In, and each tunnel links between communications router 106 and communications router 108.In another example, the end of concentration is arrived End connection 103 is vpn tunneling, including it is multiple end to end connection has been established, and end to end connection each has been established in communication lines By being linked between device 106 and communications router 108.

In general, the data envelope for being originated from transmitting host is attached at least one data packet by communications router 106.For convenient for It reads, the data packet from transmitting host is referred to as raw data packets.Transmitting host can pass through cable, wireless connection, near field Connection transmission is connected to communications router 106 by other network equipments.When the reception of communications router 108 has encapsulated original When the data packet of beginning data packet, raw data packets are decapsulated from the data packet and then will be original by communications router 108 Data forward a packet to receiving host or node.

There are various ways to be encapsulated into raw data packets in the data packet by sending by communications router 106.Really It says with cutting, known two layers and/or Layer 3 Tunneling Protocol can be used (for example, Level 2 Tunnel Protocol in communications router 106 (L2TP) and generic route encapsulation (GRE) agreement) between its logical endpoints tunnel transmit raw data packets.In the case, One or more tunnel headers it is preposition in data packet properly to transmit the data packet along virtual circuit.Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) agreement may be used as tunneling mechanism, for establishing the network-based of two layers of virtual circuit or three layers by IP network VPN。

TCP, UDP or other communication protocols can be used as the communication that end to end connection has been established in communications router 106 Agreement.The maximum challenge faced when using the end to end connection of concentration first is that will have been established among end to end connection The data packet rearrangement received, because the data packet received may disorderly reach communications router 108.If communication The data packet received is early transmitted to very much receiving host by router 108, then receiving host may not yet receive those Data packet be considered as lost data packets, even if those data packets eventually reach.A kind of method for overcoming this to challenge is when communication When router 106 transmits data packet to communications router 108, communications router 106 is one sequence number of each allocation of packets. Communications router 108 is then able to that data packet is resequenced according to the sequence number.

There may be one or more end to end connection concentrated between communications router 106 and communications router 108. End to end connection has been established with its own in the end to end connection of each concentration.For example, the end to end connection of first concentration There can be ten to have been established end to end connection, and the end to end connection of second concentration can have that there are five have been established end-to-end company It connects.End-to-end company cannot has been established using identical in first end to end connection concentrated and the end to end connection of second concentration It connects.

Fig. 5 is the communications router (for example, communications router 106) of one in multiple embodiments according to the present invention Schematic block diagrams.Communications router 106 include processing unit 502, main memory 503, system bus 504, from storage device 505 and multiple network interfaces 506.Processing unit 502 and main memory 503 are connected to each other directly.System bus 504 will be handled Unit 502 is directly or indirectly connected to from storage device 505 and multiple network interfaces 506.It is allowed using system bus 504 logical Believe the modularity with higher of router 106.Processing unit 502 is coupled to from storage device 505 and multiple by system bus 504 Network interface 506.System bus 504 can be any of multiple types bus structures, total comprising memory bus, periphery Line and local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.It stores from storage device 505 and is executed by processing unit 502 Program instruction.From the further storage condition of storage device 505, depended on wherein end to end connection will have been established and be divided into different groups It is whether eligible that end to end connection has been established.

Fig. 4 be show according to one in multiple embodiments that end to end connection how will have been established will be point groups of tree-like Figure.Have been established end to end connection 400 indicate between two network nodes (for example, communications router 106 and 108) it is all Establish end to end connection.Meet and the end to end connection that has been established of condition in the first set is assigned to first group end has been established and arrives In end connection 410.It does not meet and end to end connection quilt has been established by be assigned to condition that first group has been established end to end connection 410 It assigns to non-first group and end to end connection 420 has been established.In a variant, end to end connection 420 into one has been established for non-first group Step is divided into second group and end to end connection 421 has been established and end to end connection 422 has been established in non-first/second group.Not meeting will The end to end connection that has been established for being assigned to the condition that second group has been established end to end connection 421 has been assigned to non-first/second group Establish end to end connection 422.In a variant, end to end connection does not have been established by non-first group and has been further separated into second group It establishes end to end connection 421 and end to end connection 422 has been established in non-first/second group.Therefore second group of omission has been established end and arrives End connection 421.

It is divided into different groups in order to which end to end connection will have been established, communications router determination has been established whether end to end connection accords with Close certain conditions.According to one in multiple embodiments, classify will pass through and belong to a certain group end-to-end company has been established The certain form of packet of transmission is connect, and transmits other types of packet using the end to end connection that has been established in other groups.According to more One in a embodiment, once completing classification, just group is classified, so that using having one group of highest level to have been established End to end connection transmits the data packet with highest priority.

In one in embodiments of the invention, when had been established at first group in end to end connection there are it is multiple When establishing end to end connection, it is distributed among end to end connection using load-balancing technique or any other permission in multiple have been established And the technology of data packet is transmitted, distributed data packet has been established among end to end connection in first group multiple and by the multiple End to end connection transmission data packet has been established.It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that there are many technologies come using it is multiple Establish end to end connection transmission data packet.Distributed data in end to end connection can also have been established at other groups using same technique Packet.

Figure 1B shows the system 100 adjusted according to embodiment, is configured to by adjusting during data transfer sessions Tunnel bandwidth weighting pattern come optimize binding multiple bandwidth varyings connection handling capacity.System 100 includes multiple websites 102 With 104, each website includes at least one communications router 106 and 108.Communications router 106 and 108 can be implemented as more Wan router supports the bandwidth for concentrating multiple internet connections.Communications router 106 and 108 is connected via network 110.Net Network 110 may include local area network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN), wide area network (WAN), wireless network, public switch telephone network (PSTN), Internet, intranet, extranet etc..

Website 102 and router 106 may include M connection 112, and website 104 and router 108 may include N number of Connection 114.Connection 112 and 114 is the data connection for transmitting information in the network 110 between website 102 and 104.? In shown embodiment, M is equal to 3 and N and is equal to 2；However, these values can be according to required router and configuration change.Even Connecing 112 can have similar or different bandwidth capacity with 114.In addition, connection 112 and 114 may include different types of WAN connection, such as the connection of WiFi, cable, DSL, T1,3G, 4G, satellite etc..It shall yet further be noted that website 102 and website 104 can be by It is considered both transmitter or receiver, and can implements on another website about functional discussion of either site. In other words, system 100 may be embodied as symmetrical network.

Fig. 2A illustrates the high-level flowchart of the operation of system 100, and which depict handling up for the connection for improving binding The method 200 of amount.It will be appreciated that the sequence etc. of the concrete function provided in Fig. 2A, function is intended that concept according to the present invention Exemplary operation.Therefore, concepts herein can be implemented with the mode different from the mode of shown embodiment.

At the square 201 of shown embodiment, when established between router 102 and 104 binding connection (such as By the site-to-site vpn connection for implementing binding) when, M × N number of virtual channel 116 can be created.Virtual channel 116 is corresponding In the unique arrangement of the network connection composition of the network connection and website 104 of website 102.

The end to end connection 103 of concentration is equivalent to M × N number of virtual channel 116, because router 106 and 108 concentrates M × N A virtual channel 116 is to form the end to end connection 103 concentrated.M × N number of virtual channel 116 be divided into group 103A, 103B and 103C。

It is tunnel determination and/or distribution default-weight at the square 202 of shown embodiment.In order to determine default Weight, embodiment exchange the uplink and downlink bandwidth data of connection 112 and 114 between website 102 and 104.Use this bandwidth Data can calculate default-weight according to following: assuming that the downlink bandwidth of connection 1 to the m of website 102 be d1, d2 ..., Dm, and the upstream bandwidth of connection 1 to the n of website 104 be u1, u1 ..., un；The connection of the connection X and website 104 of website 102 The default-weight in the tunnel between Y can be defined as DW (x, y), wherein DW (x, y)=dxuy.

Calculate default-weight using above method, if connection 112-1 to 112-3 be with 10M/6M, 8M/4M and The WAN connection of more wan routers of corresponding upstream bandwidth/downlink bandwidth of 6M/6M, and connecting 114-1 to 114-2 is to have The WAN of more wan routers of 7M/5M upstream bandwidth/downlink bandwidth corresponding with 9M/3M's is connected, then each tunnel is corresponding Default-weight will be as follows:

Table 0001

For website 102	For website 104
		DW (1,1)=6*7=42	DW (1,1)=5*10=50
DW (1,2)=6*9=54	DW (1,2)=5*8=40
		DW (2,1)=4*7=28	DW (1,3)=5*6=30
DW (2,2)=4*9=36	DW (2,1)=3*10=30
		DW (3,1)=6*7=42	DW (2,2)=3*8=24
DW (3,2)=6*9=54	DW (2,3)=3*6=18

It should be noted that it is conceivable that other modes for calculating default-weight, and be only the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention above The example of scheme.It should be noted that many different weighting patterns can be used to define the initial bandwidth in tunnel.For example, it may be possible to uncommon The up-link capacity of downlink capacity and transmitting station that receiving station is used only is hoped to weight the tunnel on a direction.For characterizing Any weighting pattern of tunnel capacity at the mechanism of the connection of binding can be used for the purpose of the present invention.

It, will be according to effective weight EW (x, y) when sending website 104 for the routing of packet slave site 102 according to embodiment Ratio packet is distributed to tunnel.Initially, effective weight of embodiment is set equal to default-weight, EW (x, y)=DW (x, Y), and if the bandwidth in tunnel 116 is remained unchanged from initial setting up, for packet be distributed, effective weight be for Packet distribution is optimal.However, if user is in having the TCP session that there are the one or more tunnels for abandoning packet loss just via tying up File is downloaded in fixed network connection, then the entire throughput of the session will drastically decline.The situation, this be partly because It will be held for discarded packets and continue that TCP is caused to retransmit, and the flow control of TCP will maintain lower throughput, even if without discarded packets Tunnel is not fully occupied.

A kind of effective means for improving handling capacity, which can be, avoids such packet loss.For doing so, in illustrated implementation At the square 203 of example, when the embodiment of the present invention is just undergoing increasing or decreasing for packet loss to distinguish in tunnel.In square At 204, embodiment is further used for modifying the effective weight for just undergoing or having been subjected to the tunnel of packet loss change.It can be continuous Ground monitors or monitors based on the specific time period packet loss information.Once it is determined that tunnel is just undergoing unacceptable packet loss (square 204-1), at square 204-2, shown embodiment just reduces effective weight in tunnel.In some embodiments, It is unacceptable to might mean that packet loss is non-zero quantity, and other embodiments can determine that unacceptable ratio is except predetermined Any ratio other than adopted threshold value.Embodiment in stepwise fashion, in a continuous manner, with the raising with packet loss at a multiple proportions Example ground the modes such as reduces and implements these reductions.When being reduced in a manner of gradual, embodiment can continue to monitor tunnel To optimize implemented reduced amount.

Heartbeat packet can be sent by each tunnel via router 106 or router 108 to establish or monitor tunnel 116.It in some embodiments, will will be described when receiving terminal when failing to receive heartbeat packet from tunnel for a period of time Downlink is regarded in tunnel as and the tunnel will not be used for routing traffic.It is received if heartbeat packet starts again at, it can be with It re-establishes the tunnel and is weighted together with other tunnels.It is dropped in tunnel and the tunnel in all packets as a result, In the case that effective weight in road is reduced to zero, embodiment can use heartbeat packet to monitor and re-establish connection.

In addition, when all or part of tunnel restoration its respective bandwidth, for example, determining that packet loss reduces (square 204- 3) when, shown embodiment is used to improve effective weight (square 204-4) in such tunnel so as to sufficiently or more fully sharp With the bandwidth.Some embodiments improve effective weight in tunnel until restoring accurately effective weight using pre- fixed step size.Its Its embodiment proportionally improves effective weight with the bandwidth with newest measurement, and the bandwidth of newest measurement can correspond to newest measurement Packet loss.In addition, embodiment can improve effective weight in tunnel based on predetermined linear or index proportion.

After the effective weight for adjusting tunnel, or after determining without adjusting, in the square of shown embodiment The weighting pattern of more new system at 205.This update may include any treated information of storage, use in further processing This type of information operates system not.For example, can be used to about the processing that square 205 carries out whithin a period of time to weighting Mode is averaged to alleviate and the extremely associated mistake of high transient state.Furthermore, it is possible on the system 100 using updated Information is distributed with the packet for modifying data transfer sessions, as discussed about Fig. 2 B.System 100 can be in entire data transfer sessions In constantly or periodically continue implementation steps 203 to 205.

Fig. 2 B is shown in which to be at least partially based on the modified weight distribution in tunnel after implementing method of weighting 200 The embodiment of packet.Specifically, the square 206 of shown embodiment according to the operation by method 200 is determining to add Across the tunnel distribution packet of power mode.In some embodiments, this distribution will change in entire data transfer sessions, therefore Fig. 2 B Step can repeat to show.Some embodiments change packet distribution in the more new system at square 205 every time.In addition, square 205 can So that being periodically carried out change in response to threshold value of certain loss ratios change etc..It will be appreciated that passing through the operation of method 200 Determining weight and identified weight is applied to packet distribution at square 206 can have different periodicity.For example, side Method 200 can be used to provide the update of weighting pattern information using relatively short iterative cycles, and the distribution wrapped then use compared with Long iterative cycles are changed to be based on such weighting pattern information.

In order to monitor the bandwidth in each tunnel 116, some embodiments of the present invention are transmitted with various Information encapsulations are each IP packet.Fig. 3 shows an example embodiment, and exhibition illustrates that the information encapsulated in the IP packet transmitted can be encapsulated into The example embodiment of 300 type.Version field 302 can contain the information and protocol type of the protocol version about being utilized Field 303 can contain the protocol type of the packet of net load.In general, the value of this field will correspond to the Ethernet protocol of packet Type.However, other value can define in other documents.Tunnel ID field 304 can be 32 bit fields and can contain There is the identifier to identify the current tunnel of IP packet.Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) initialization vector field 306 can be 32 Field and the initialization vector of AES encryption can be contained.Global sequence's field 308 can be 32 bit fields and can contain There is sequence number, the sequence number is used to when each packet in the packet for being used for each session has occurred from their corresponding tunnel When by it is described it is each packet resequence as sequence appropriate.Every tunnel sequence-number field 310 can be 32 bit fields, can be with table Show the sequence number for distributing to each packet that specific tunnel is transmitted to by routing.Payload field 312 after AES encryption can be used to Transmit the net load of IP packet.

Every tunnel sequence number discussed herein above can be used to monitor the discarded packets in tunnel.In one embodiment, it connects The router received in terminal calculates the discarded packets in each tunnel in f seconds every by monitoring every tunnel sequence number of the packet received Rate DR (x, y).DR (x, y) can be characterized as in a cycle f, and the sequence number number for missing loss increases divided by sequence number Amount.The length of period f can change, and in one embodiment, and f is equal to 5 seconds.

Also other methods can be used to monitor packet loss, such as: transmitter can periodically notify receive terminal its Through how many packet had sent；Transmitter sends heartbeat packet to terminal is received every one section of fixed time period；And receiving terminal can To assess whole discarding by the loss ratio for monitoring heartbeat packet, by obtaining loss ratio figure etc. from physical interface/device/layer Rate.

Loss ratio, effective weight or other band merits in specific tunnel can be fed back to transmission router by receiving terminal. When transmitter receives the information about packet loss, some embodiments reduce the effective of tunnel by EW (x, y) DR (x, y) Weight EW (x, y).Other measurement marks EW (x, y) DR (x, y) can be used to reduce effective weight EW (x, y) in tunnel.? Other metrics can be used to modify effective weight in tunnel.In some embodiments, transmitter can receive feedback, and have Effect weight can be reduced by being more than or less than the numerical value of abandoning packet rate.This can be configured according to the specific needs of communication system Class changes variable.Above example indicates metric, attempts effective weight in tunnel being reduced to a weight, to prevent into one Step abandons packet loss, while maximizing the module of the weight of the amount of bandwidth available in tunnel.Any measurement for finding this balance Value is all preferred.

Fig. 6 A is flow chart, and it illustrates arriving for end will have been established for one in multiple embodiments according to the present invention One group of the process that end connection is divided into multiple groups.Embodiment in order to better understand checks Fig. 6 A in conjunction with Fig. 5.In step 601 In, processing unit 502 is from from 505 search condition of storage device.Whether classification is examined based on end to end connection has been established meeting The condition that rope arrives.

In step 602, processing unit 502 determines having been established between communications router 106 and communications router 108 Whether end to end connection is eligible.

If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, meets all conditions in step 602, in step End to end connection has been established in 603 belong to first group and end to end connection has been established.

If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, to be met at least one condition but be not in step 602 End to end connection has been established then end to end connection has been established in step 604 and belongs to second group in all conditions.

If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, meets one or more specified conditions in step 602 But end to end connection has been established then end to end connection has been established in step 604 and belongs to second group in not all condition.

In a variant, if in step 602 processing unit 502 determine have been established end to end connection do not meet it is any End to end connection has been established then end to end connection has been established in step 605 and belongs to non-first/second group in condition.Belong to non- The end to end connection that has been established of first/second group is not belonging to first group or second group end to end connection has been established.

In a variant, there is no second group to have been established end to end connection, omits step 604.If in step 602 Processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, does not meet all conditions, then end to end connection has been established in step 605 Belong to non-first/second group.

In a variant, a condition only is retrieved from from storage device 505 in step 601.If in step 602 Middle processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, meets the condition, then end to end connection has been established in step 603 Belong to first group and end to end connection has been established.If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, not to be inconsistent in step 602 The condition is closed, end to end connection has been established then end to end connection has been established in step 605 and belongs to non-first/second group. Step 604 is omitted, because there is only a conditions.

When condition is related with performance metrics, test data is sent to communication by using end to end connection has been established Router 108 carries out the determination in step 602.The content of test data can be at least partially based on data packet content, with Interior perhaps one or more benchmark tests that machine generates.The time cycle for sending test data is preferably less than ten seconds, because The number of the test data sent in ten seconds is enough to determine the performance in most of networks, such as two-way time, time delay and packet loss.

Alternatively, instead of using test data, by sending data packet, error correction/detection packet, management packet or health examination bag To complete the determination in step 602.Health examination bag is sent for safeguarding established end to end connection and to check The state of the end to end connection of foundation.When the determination being directed in step 602 transmits number via each established end to end connection When according to packet, after completing classification, end to end connection transmission data packet only has been established via specific group.In various embodiments In one, reported from 108 receptivity of communications router, and the performance report is to the established end to end connection of determination Whether with performance related condition is met.Can by it is multiple have been established end to end connection successively, one by one, with group, synchronization or several Synchronously transmitting test data.In a variant, the determination in step 602, which is at least partially based on, is stored in from storage device The analysis content of information or the information in 505.Alternatively, step is completed by using historical data or History Performance Data Determination in 602.History data store is in from storage device 505.Usage history data have been established in step 602 to determine The example of the whether qualified situation of end to end connection is, when the condition is based on using module.For example, if A certain limitation has not yet been reached in the use for establishing end to end connection, then its is eligible, and if its use have reached or Close to a certain limitation, then its is ineligible.Therefore need to monitor service condition and using the data of service condition as going through History data are stored in from storage device 505.

In a variant, by point-to-point protocol (PPP), frame relay protocol, address resolution protocol (ARP) or it is any its Its data link layer protocol sends test data using bis- layers of packet of OSI.Alternatively, pass through transmission control protocol (TCP), number of users Test data is sent using Internet protocol (IP) packet according to datagram protocol (UDP) or Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).If End to end connection has been established using LTE protocol, then sending test data using 1 type or 2 type LTE frames.Alternatively, using ether Net frame sends test data.Alternatively, the Fonnat part of test data based on the condition and established end retrieved To the communication protocol of end connection.

In one in various embodiments, the scoring that end to end connection has been established is calculated based on eligible.It is built Vertical end to end connection has to comply with the condition of minimal amount to belong to one group and end to end connection to have been established.Minimal amount can lead to User, manufacturer or the administrator of communications router 106 are crossed to predefine.For example, end-to-end company has been established there are five conditions It is three that the minimal amount that first group has been established the condition met required for end to end connection will be belonged to by, which connecing,.If processing unit 502 determine that end to end connection, which has been established, meets at least three conditions, has been established then end to end connection has been established and belongs to first group End to end connection.If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, does not meet at least three conditions, has been established end Belong to non-first group to end connection and end to end connection has been established.In a variant, end to end connection, which has been established, will belong to second The minimal amount that the condition met required for end to end connection has been established in group is two.If the determination of processing unit 502 has been established End to end connection does not meet at least three conditions, but end to end connection has been established and meets at least two conditions, then having been established End to end connection belongs to second group and end to end connection has been established.There are multiple technologies to have been established end to end connection and to belong to apply The combination of the condition met required for a certain group.The user of communications router 106, manufacturer or network administrator's root can be passed through Combination is configured according to their preference.For users it is beneficial that capableing of the various combination of configuration condition, because not sympathizing with Different characteristic may be needed in shape has been established end to end connection.

Alternatively, weight is distributed for condition to calculate the scoring that end to end connection has been established.Being completed according to scoring will It establishes end to end connection and is divided into group.For example, there are three conditions, that is, first condition, second condition and third condition.It distributes to The weight of first condition, second condition and third condition is 50,30 and 20 respectively.If end to end connection has been established only Meet first condition, then its scoring is 50.If end to end connection, which has been established, only meets second condition, scoring is 30.If end to end connection, which has been established, only meets third condition, scoring is 20.If end to end connection has been established Meet first condition and second condition, then its scoring is 80.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets first condition and Three conditions, then its scoring is 70.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets second condition and third condition, scoring It is 50.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets all three conditions, scoring is 100.Belong to first group it is built Minimum scoring is 50 needed for vertical end to end connection.Therefore, if processing unit 502 according to weight determine have been established it is end-to-end The scoring of connection is at least 50, and end to end connection has been established then end to end connection has been established and belongs to first group.Weight by with To emphasize certain conditions.

In a variant, it is divided into the multiple minimum scores of multiple groups of configurations for end to end connection will have been established, has been established The score of end to end connection is calculated according to the weight of its condition met.Each group is assigned corresponding minimum scoring, In the scoring of end to end connection have been established must be over or described to belong to equal to the corresponding minimum scoring for distributing to one group Group.For example, distributing 70,60,50 and 40 respectively as respectively right for first group, second group, third group and the 4th group The minimum score answered.If end to end connection has been established with 70 or the scoring higher than 70, belong to first group.Class As, if end to end connection, which has been established, to be had between 60 to seven ten, between 50 to six ten or 40 to five ten Between scoring, then it is belonging respectively to second group, third group or the 4th group.

When meeting than other conditions when meeting more important for some specified conditions, user can be the specified conditions point With more Gao Quanchong.Higher priority is provided for the condition by distributing higher weight for prior condition, while endless Ignore not too important other conditions entirely.

In a variant, when having been established end to end connection there are multiple, and for having been established in end to end connection One when being classified, end to end connection has been established without using other to transmit data in communications router 106.This can reduce it The interference of end to end connection has been established in it, and therefore more acurrate and be more effectively carried out classification.Alternatively, when for having been established One in end to end connection when being classified, communications router 106, which continues to use, other has been established end to end connection to transmit Data packet.Therefore, just stop the transmission of data packet until completing classification, and therefore communications router 106 participates in transmission always Data packet.This is favourable, since it may ensure that interruption is not present in the transmission of data packet whenever being classified.

In a variant, to having been established after end to end connection classifies, periodically or specific thing is occurring It is reclassified when part.If the end to end connection that has been established from one group has become to meet more or less conditions, that It is described end to end connection has been established to be assigned to another group.This allows communications router 106 to select when network environment changes It selects and end to end connection suitably has been established.This especially more attaches most importance to for the end to end connection that has been established carried by wireless technology It wants, because the change of physical environment may also change network performance.Specifically, end to end connection has been established whether to determination It has to move to another group or time cycle for being able to maintain in described group is in the range of two seconds to two minutes.For having used The time cycle that end to end connection has been established of line connection, which is preferably greater than directed to, has been established end-to-end company using wireless connection The time cycle connect, because the end to end connection that has been established using wireless connection is usually subjected to more evolutions.Reclassify progress Must be more frequent, end to end connection can will more early has been established in communications router 106 when detecting qualified variation Another group is moved to from one group.It reclassifies and carries out more infrequently, the amount of the test bag of required transmission is fewer.

In order to be illustrated, end to end connection has been established can meet at it for belonging to first group of item in second group Belong to first group when part.Similarly, when the end to end connection that has been established in first group fails or stop to meet for belonging to first When the condition of group, end to end connection has been established described in removal from first group.Then, if described have been established end to end connection symbol Close for belonging to second group of condition, then it is described end to end connection have been established be subordinated to first group end to end connection change has been established End to end connection has been established at belonging to second group.If the end to end connection that has been established is not met for the item for belonging to second group Part, then it is described end to end connection has been established and is subordinated to first group end to end connection has been established become to belong to non-first/second group End to end connection has been established.Similarly, the end to end connection that has been established in non-first/second group meets at it and belongs to first group Become to belong to first group when condition.Similarly, the end to end connection that has been established in non-first/second group meets for belonging at it Second group of condition is not met still to be become to belong to second group for when belonging to first group of condition.Similarly, if second group In the end to end connection that has been established fail or stop to meet for condition needed for belonging to second group, then it becomes to belong to non-the One/the second group.Therefore, the end to end connection that has been established for belonging to second group or non-first/second group executes backup or failure transfer (failover) function.

Fig. 6 B shows end to end connection will have been established based on multiple conditions be divided into according to one in multiple embodiments Multiple groups of process, wherein the multiple condition is all based on identical module.For example, when the multiple condition is based on packet Prolong, is performance metrics.The multiple condition 502 retrieves through the processing unit from from storage device 505.In order to more preferable Ground explanation, the multiple condition include first condition, second condition, third condition, fourth condition and fifth condition.If when packet Prolong and be respectively smaller than 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, 40ms and 50ms, then corresponding with first, second, third, fourth and fifth Part.Multiple groups include first group, second group, third group, the 4th group, the 5th group and undesirable group.In step 611, The determination of processing unit 502 has been established whether end to end connection meets fifth condition, more precisely, whether packet delay is less than 50ms.If end to end connection, which has been established, does not meet fifth condition, more precisely, if packet delay is not less than 50ms, End to end connection has been established in step 621 and belongs to undesirable group.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets Article 5 Part, more precisely, in step 612, the determination of processing unit 502 has been established end-to-end if packet delay is less than 50ms Whether connection meets fourth condition, more precisely, whether packet delay is less than 40ms.If end to end connection has been established not meet Fourth condition, more precisely, end to end connection has been established in step 622 and belongs to if packet delay is not less than 40ms 5th group.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets fourth condition, more precisely, if packet delay is less than 40ms, In step 613, the determination of processing unit 502 has been established whether end to end connection meets third condition, more precisely, packet delay is It is no to be less than 30ms.If end to end connection, which has been established, does not meet third condition, more precisely, if packet delay is not less than 30ms, then end to end connection has been established in step 623 belongs to the 4th group.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets Article 3 Part, more precisely, in step 614, the determination of processing unit 502 has been established end-to-end if packet delay is less than 30ms Whether connection meets second condition, more precisely, whether packet delay is less than 20ms.If end to end connection has been established not meet Second condition, more precisely, end to end connection has been established in step 624 and belongs to if packet delay is not less than 20ms Third group.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets second condition, more precisely, if packet delay is less than 20ms, In step 615, the determination of processing unit 502 has been established whether end to end connection meets first condition, more precisely, packet delay is It is no to be less than 10ms.If end to end connection, which has been established, does not meet first condition, more precisely, if packet delay is not less than 10ms, then end to end connection has been established in step 625 belongs to second group.If end to end connection, which has been established, meets first Part, more precisely, end to end connection has been established in step 626 and belongs to first group if packet delay is less than 10ms.

Alternatively, the process of Fig. 6 B of implementing, such as other property are can be used based on multiple conditions in addition to packet delay Energy module uses price, IP address range or any other module that can be used to implement multiple threshold values.

The step of Fig. 6 B can successively, it is synchronous or be almost synchronously carried out.The sequence of the step can be different from Fig. 6 B In illustrated sequence.

Fig. 6 C shows end to end connection will have been established based on multiple conditions be divided into according to one in multiple embodiments Multiple groups of process.The multiple condition is stored in from storage device 505.For purposes of illustration, multiple conditions include the One condition, second condition, third condition, fourth condition and fifth condition.End to end connection has been established by multiple in act 630 It is divided into multiple groups.End to end connection has been established meet first condition if processing unit 502 determines, it is described end has been established to arrive End connection belongs to first group 631.If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, meets second condition, described End to end connection has been established and belongs to second group 632.If processing unit 502 determines that end to end connection, which has been established, meets Article 3 Part has been established end to end connection and belongs to third group 633 then described.If end to end connection has been established in the determination of processing unit 502 Meet fourth condition, end to end connection has been established belongs to the 4th group 634 then described.If the determination of processing unit 502 has been established End to end connection meets fifth condition, end to end connection has been established belongs to the 5th group 635 then described.

In a variant, multiple conditions are based on multiple modules, criterion and/or parameter.For example, first condition is based on Position, second condition are based on the time, and third condition is based on User Identity, and fourth condition is based on safety and and Article 5 Part is based on communication protocol.If it is more than one that the condition that end to end connection meets, which has been established, the group that may belong to can be with More than one.Alternatively, multiple conditions are based on same metric standard, criterion or parameter but multiple threshold values.For example, the multiple Condition is based on handling capacity, is performance metrics.If the throughput value of end to end connection has been established in the first range, Meet first condition.Similarly, if having been established the throughput value of end to end connection respectively second, third, the 4th and the 5th In range, then meet second, third, the 4th or fifth condition.More precisely, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth model Enclose whole differences.In another alternative solution, multiple conditions based on the part in addition to handling capacity can be used to implement to scheme The process of 6C, for example, other performance module, using price, IP address range or can be used to implement multiple numerical thresholds Any other module, criterion or parameter.

In one in various embodiments, it will be had been established based on the combination that the condition that end to end connection is met has been established End to end connection is divided into multiple groups.For example, the end to end connection that has been established for meeting the first and second conditions belongs to one group.Meet One, second and the end to end connection that has been established of third condition belong to another group.Similarly, meet the end-to-end of other conditional combinations Connection belongs to other groups.It is needing specific end to end connection has been established to transmit certain number using meet specified conditions combination According to type packet when, there are multiple groups end to end connection has been established be advantageous, wherein can be used for wrapping detection (comprising depth Packet detection) various technologies detect the packet of specific data type.

In one in various embodiments, arrived based on the incongruent condition of end to end connection institute having been established end will have been established End connection is assigned in a certain group.For example, condition is the User Identity based on specified first user.Determining that end, which has been established, to be arrived When the user of end connection is not the first user, end to end connection has been established and belongs to first group.End to end connection has been established in determination User when being the first user, end to end connection has been established and is not belonging to first group.

In one in various embodiments, multiple end to end connection that have been established are being divided by communications router 106 After group, it is not used to end to end connection has been established being maintained and not be disconnected for transmission data packet.In some communication protocols In, it is not used to transmission packet in certain a period of time if end to end connection has been established, end-to-end company has been established described in disconnection It connects.In order to avoid in this way, end to end connection transmission maintenance packet, health examination bag or management packet has been established to maintain by described The state that end to end connection is established has been established described in end to end connection and holding in described have been established.This ensures logical whenever needing Cross communications router using it is described end to end connection has been established come when transmitting data packet, may be used in and do not suffer from it is slow.

The description of condition:

In one in various embodiments, end will have been established based on end to end connection having been established whether meeting certain conditions It is divided into different groups to end connection.The condition is selected from the group that is made of the following contents: performance metrics, service provider, Position, uses price, safety, User Identity, Internet protocol (IP) address range, communication protocol, communication skill at the time Art, application program and device.Performance metrics can based on handling capacity, error rate, packet delay, packet jitter, symbol shake, Service quality, the bit error rate, packet error rate, frame error ratio, abandons packet rate, queueing delay, two-way time, capacity, signal electricity at bandwidth One or more of flat, interference level, bandwidth delay product, switching delay time, signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio.

Service provider:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on the service provider that end to end connection has been established. For example, service provider A provides more reliable service than service provider B.So condition may be such that if had been established End to end connection is from service provider A, then its is eligible.It is attributed to reliability, cost or performance, user can compare In other service providers more preferred service provider A.

Use module:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on for the use limitation that end to end connection has been established Use module.For example, meeting item if the use that end to end connection has been established has not yet been reached using limitation Part, and if its use has reached or limits close to using, it is ineligible.As long as being used below a certain threshold Value, most of service providers just collect the very low price of every gigabit, and become to be above a certain threshold value in use When, every gigabit price increases.Therefore, by be equal to a certain threshold value using limitation, end is had been established into use and is arrived The cost of end connection is maintained at budgetary.

Position:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on position.For example, when communications router 106 is in When a certain position, using it is some have been established end to end connection may than other that end to end connection has been established is more preferable.These are more excellent The end to end connection of choosing is eligible.It is advantageous with location-based condition, because some end to end connection that have been established can With in certain positions it is further preferred that this higher signal for being mainly due to have been established end to end connection in certain positions is strong Degree.In another example, when to be in a certain position end-to-end using having been established using the first of LTE protocol for communications router 106 When connection, and when end to end connection has been established using the second of Wi-Fi connection being made available by certain described some position, base In the position, communications router 106, which can have been established end to end connection from first and be switched to second, has been established end to end connection And execute network shunt.Therefore, in certain positions, first has been established that end to end connection is ineligible and second has been established End to end connection is eligible.

Time:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on the time.For example, in one day sometime Place, it is some have been established end to end connection may than other that end to end connection has been established is more preferable.These preferred end-to-end companies It connects eligible.This embodiment, which is utilized, has been established the cost of end to end connection, performance and reliable in peak period and non-peak period The difference of property.

Use price:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on using price.If end-to-end using having been established The price of connection is more than the price limit of user, then it is ineligible that end to end connection has been established.If using end has been established It is equal to or less than the price limit of user to the price of end connection, then it is eligible that end to end connection has been established.Price is set It is beneficial that limitation, which has using the user for the cost budgeting that end to end connection has been established those,.For example, the price of user limits System is every gigabit $ 10.Therefore, if the use of the price that end to end connection has been established being more than every gigabit $ 10, It establishes that end to end connection is ineligible, and if is less than or equal to every gigabit ratio using the price that end to end connection has been established Special $ 10, then it is eligible that end to end connection has been established.

Safety:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on safety.If end to end connection has been established not Enough safety, or the security protocol used in end to end connection had been established is not the preferred security protocol of user, then built Vertical end to end connection is ineligible.In order to obtain the authenticity, complete of the data packet by the way that end to end connection transmission has been established Property and confidentiality, with safety have been established end to end connection with safety be extremely important.The complete performance of data packet The accuracy and consistency of the enough information for maintaining and ensuring to provide in data packet.The information provided in data packet in order to prevent is let out It leaks to unwarranted individual or system, it is also necessary to the confidentiality of data packet.For example, condition is that end to end connection has been established is necessary Use Encryption Standard AES 192.If end to end connection has been established to encrypt using AES 128, or use appointing in addition to AES 192 What encryption standard, then end to end connection had been established is ineligible.If end to end connection has been established to add using AES 192 It is close, then it is eligible that end to end connection has been established.Alternatively, it is mentioned if encryption standard used in end to end connection has been established For than the higher security measure of AES 192, such as AES 256, then end to end connection, which has been established, also complies with condition.

User Identity:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on User Identity.For example, using end has been established User's checking is needed to end connection.According to the identity of user, can retain for certain user certain established end-to-end Connection.If it is using the user of communications router 106 to remain established end to end connection, then this have been established it is end-to-end It connects eligible.Having more than one user, (wherein each user, which may have to use, has been established end to end connection not Same preference) communications router in setting have the condition based on User Identity be advantageous.

IP address range:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on IP address range.For example, specifying one in condition Block of IP addresses, in this case, if established end to end connection be not belonging in communications router 106 and IP address it is described Between the network interface of IP address range, then described, that end to end connection has been established is ineligible.If described established End to end connection between the network interface that communications router 106 and IP address belong to the IP address range, then it is described It is eligible to establish end to end connection.

Communication protocol:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on communication protocol.Communication protocol is comprising in PPP, frame After agreement, ARP and IP, such as TCP, UDP ICMP.For example, the desired use of user has been established end to end connection and passes through specific communications Agreement transmits the data packet of a certain type.If end to end connection, which has been established, uses the special communication protocol, described It is eligible that end to end connection has been established.If the end to end connection that has been established does not use the special communication protocol, It is described that end to end connection has been established is ineligible.For example, the desired use of user has been established end to end connection and is used for transmission PPP number According to packet.If end to end connection has been established using PPP, it is eligible that end to end connection has been established.If end has been established to arrive End connection does not use PPP, then it is ineligible that end to end connection has been established.

The communication technology:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on the communication technology.The communication technology include wireless technology, Wi-Fi, WiMax, high-speed packet access technology, 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) etc..For example, user want use have been established it is end-to-end The data packet of a certain type is transmitted in connection by particular communication technology.If have been established end to end connection use it is described specific logical Letter technology, then described, that end to end connection has been established is eligible.If the end to end connection that has been established is without using the spy Determine the communication technology, that end to end connection has been established is ineligible then described.For purposes of illustration, user wants using built Vertical end to end connection transmits data packet by 3GPP LTE technology.Therefore, if end to end connection, which has been established, uses 3GPP LTE, then described, that end to end connection has been established is eligible.Due to the different characteristic of different communication technology, certain communication technologys Some special characteristics help to realize using the purpose of end to end connection has been established, therefore the condition based on the communication technology is set It is advantageous.

Application program:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on application program.For example, user wants using built Data packet is transferred to a certain application by vertical end to end connection.If end to end connection has been established suitable for a certain application It uses, then described, that end to end connection has been established is eligible.Alternatively, end to end connection has been established when known one to be suitable for A certain in application, as long as end to end connection, which has been established, described in the desired use of user is transferred to a certain application, institute for data packet It states and end to end connection has been established with regard to eligible.

Device:

In one in various embodiments, condition is at least partially based on device.For example, user wants as Establish end to end connection: it is formed between the network interface using the specific type modem of specific model.If Establishing end to end connection is formed between the network interface using the specific type modem of specific model, then institute State that end to end connection has been established is eligible.Performance, use in the specific type modem of the specific model Price or better reliability, and want more suitable for transmission user through the data packet class that end to end connection transmission has been established In the case where type, this is favourable.For example, user wants to modulate using by Verizon (Verizon) wireless 4G LTE USB What demodulator 551L was established has been established end to end connection.Communications router 106 is connected to prestige if end to end connection has been established Auspicious gloomy (Verizon) is wireless 4G LTE USB Modem 551L, then it is eligible that end to end connection has been established.Another In example, user, which wants to use to utilize, is subscribed to special services provider or the subscriber identity module with special services plan (SIM) that blocks has been established end to end connection.If end to end connection has been established to use from the special services provider or tool There is the SIM card of special services planning, that end to end connection has been established is eligible then described.This is associated with SIM card Cost and reliability in terms of be advantageous.

The classification of group:

In one in embodiments of the invention, it is divided into different groups (for example, when end to end connection will have been established One group, second group and non-first/second group) when, it is prioritized with grade for different component using the group with higher level In have been established end to end connection transmission packet.This priority ordering is important, so that being used according to the preference of user with higher End to end connection has been established to send data packet in grade and best features.End-to-end company has been established using with lower grade Fetch the other types of packet of transmission, such as management packet, error correction packets and all non-data packets.Therefore, built with higher level Vertical end to end connection is preserved for data packet, and their capacity is not filled by other types of packet.Alternatively, due to one A little administrators may think that management packet and error correction packets should have the priority identical or even higher with data packet, therefore have End to end connection has been established also to transmit other types of packet in higher level.Belong to specifically organize multiple have been established it is end-to-end Connection has same levels.In a variant, first group of grade that end to end connection has been established is highest.Non- first group The grade of end to end connection has been established lower than first group for the grade for establishing end to end connection.End has been established if there is second group to arrive End connection, then second group of grade that end to end connection has been established is second high.End-to-end company has been established in non-first/second group The grade connect is minimum.

Alternatively, there are multiple groups, and end to end connection has been established, wherein it is based on that end to end connection, which has been established, in the multiple groups Establish end to end connection meet or incongruent condition and create.Fig. 6 B and Fig. 6 C, which have been shown in particular, how will have been established End to end connection is divided into multiple groups.

In a variant, communications router 106 has been established end to end connection using only first group and is transferred to data packet Communications router 108.When the capacity that first group has been established end to end connection is full, data packet is transmitted later.Communication lines by End to end connection has been established until first group with enough capacity for the waiting of device 106, and end then has been established using first group and arrives Data packet is transferred to communications router 108 by end connection.Doing so can be there are many reason.For example, first group has been established end and arrives End connection than second group or non-first/second group that end to end connection has been established is more reliable and faster.Therefore, due to first group The reliability and speed of end to end connection are established, user, which can choose, has been established end to end connection using first group to transmit always Data packet.

Alternatively, communications router 106 has been established end to end connection using only first group and data packet is transferred to communication lines By device 108.When the capacity that first group has been established end to end connection is full, communications router 106 is built using non-first group Data packet is transferred to communications router 108 by vertical end to end connection.

Alternatively, communications router 106 has been established end to end connection using only first group and data packet is transferred to communication lines By device 108.When the capacity that first group has been established end to end connection is full, communications router 106 is had been established using second group Data packet is transferred to communications router 108 by end to end connection.It is also full that the capacity of end to end connection has been established when second group When, the capacity that end to end connection has been established until first group or second group can use just transmission data packet.Communications router 106 waits End to end connection has been established until first group or second group with enough capacity, and is then had been established using first group end-to-end Data packet is transferred to communications router 108 by connection.It should be noted that the capacity that end to end connection only has been established at first group remains as End to end connection just has been established using second group when full.

Alternatively, when the capacity for having been established end to end connection when first group is full, communications router 106 uses second group End to end connection has been established, data packet is transferred to communications router 108.The capacity of end to end connection has been established when second group When being full, communications router 106 using non-first/second group have been established end to end connection by data packet be transferred to communication lines by Device 108.Non- first/second group have been established end to end connection include non-first group have been established end to end connection and it is non-second group it is built Vertical end to end connection.

In one in various embodiments, by the condition that end to end connection has been established and is met according to it in second group To be classified.First group has been established that end to end connection meets all conditions and end to end connection has been established not in non-first/second group Meet any condition.However, second group has been established end to end connection and meets some conditions but do not meet all conditions.Therefore, Second group include there are some features end to end connection has been established, wherein it is each that end-to-end company has been established for the same terms Connecing may meet or may not meet.Since end to end connection has been established with different characteristic, because being each in second group End to end connection allocation level has been established to be advantageous, allows to be used according to the preference of user built with higher level Vertical end to end connection wraps to transmit.

Fig. 7 shows point that end to end connection has been established according to one multiple groups at communications router in embodiment Grade.Classification is stored in from storage device 505 and 502 implementation through the processing unit.Hierarchical table 700 lists multiple groups and they Respective level.In a variant, consider classification 720.According to classification 720, first group 711, second group 712, third group 713, it is assigned the first estate, the second grade, the tertiary gradient, fourth estate and the 5th etc. respectively for the 4th group 714 and the 5th group 715 Grade.Classification can be configured by the user or network administrator of communications router.Therefore in another variant, when consideration is classified When 730, first group 711, second group 712, third group 713, the 4th group 714 and the 5th group 715 are assigned the second grade, respectively Three grades, the first estate, the fourth estate and the 5th grade.It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that in order to be prioritized using tool Have in the group of higher level and end to end connection transmission packet has been established, it is advantageous that end to end connection allocation level, which has been established, for every group 's.It should also be clear that different user can have difference preference, therefore, show two in hierarchical table 700 when for group allocation level The classification of seed type is classified 720 and classification 730, for illustration purposes only.

Transmission

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, a kind of number is directed to when end to end connection having been established failing to comply with According to type condition when, communications router 106 does not have been established end to end connection transmission and belongs to the data type by described Data packet, but still through the data packet that end to end connection transmission has been established and is not belonging to the data type.To pass Defeated a certain type data packets but not all type data packets have been established end to end connection belong to second group have been established it is end-to-end Connection.

End to end connection has been established using second group to transmit the mode of data packet and can help to improve data packet transporting Can, because not all have been established end-to-end network performance having the same.For example, some end to end connection that have been established have more Long time delay, some end to end connection that have been established are wrapped with less abandoning.The condition met depending on end to end connection has been established, It has been established one group that end to end connection can belong to suitable for one kind data packet but not be suitable for another kind of data packet and end has been established It is connected to end.For example, second group with high time delay has been established end to end connection and is suitable for belonging to the data of file transmission application Packet, but be unsuitable for belonging to the data packet of voice communication.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, communications router 106, which persistently monitors second group end has been established, to be arrived Whether any of end connection, which becomes eligible to belong to first group because meeting all conditions, has been established end to end connection Or it becomes eligible to because failing to comply with other conditions to belong to non-first/second group and end to end connection has been established.It will be built Vertical end to end connection, which end to end connection has been established from second group moves on to first group end to end connection has been established, can improve concentration The overall network performance of end to end connection, because communications router 106 has in the first set more has been established end-to-end company It connects and available transmits data packet.To have been established end to end connection had been established from second group end to end connection move on to non-first/ Second group has been established the overall network performance that end to end connection can also improve the end to end connection of concentration, because of communications router 106 do not transmit data packet by the end to end connection that has been established in non-first/second group, to reduce data packet packet loss, number It other influences according to packet delay, data package jitter and improperly.

While it is important that communications router 106 does not have been established end by non-first/second group and arrives for certain applications Data packet is transferred to communications router 108 from communications router 106 by end connection, but communications router 106 should be allowed to make End to end connection has been established for other application with second group, so that end to end connection has been established without using non-first/second group Strict demand be able to loosely, to improve data packet performance.

For use TCP for communication application, it is multiple built in the end to end connection for belonging to first group of concentration The entirety for the end to end connection that the data packet packet loss in a connection in vertical end to end connection can negatively affect concentration is handled up Amount.This is because being dispersed in by the data packet that communications router 106 is transferred to a TCP session of communications router 108 One group has been established among end to end connection.Therefore, when the end to end connection that has been established for belonging to first group becomes to belong to non-the first/the Two groups when end to end connection has been established, communications router 106 should not be end-to-end by belonging to having been established for non-first/second group Connection transmission data packet.

Packet detection

According to one in multiple embodiments, it is distributed according to three kinds of classifications (that is, data packet, management packet and error correction packets) Packet.In an alternative solution, the distribution wrapped by wrapping detection, wherein the content wrapped is detected to determine that they are data Packet, management packet or error correction packets.In another alternative solution, for being originated from the packet of communications router 106, such as management packet, no Need to wrap detection to determine classification belonging to the packet.

Data packet is to carry to need that end to end connection has been established via at least one to be transferred to communication from communications router 106 The packet of the information of router 108.Data packet, which can be originated from communications router 106 or can be originated from, is connected to communications router 106 Host or node.The destination of data packet is communications router 108 or the host and/or section for being connected to communications router 108 Point.

Management packet is to be created by communications router 106, and concentrate via end to end connection transmission has been established to manage End to end connection packet.Management packet includes routing packet, switching packet, health examination bag, maintenance packet, performance report packet and management Other types of packet needed for the end to end connection of concentration.Management information is used to facilitating communications router 106, including manages built Vertical end to end connection manages the end to end connection concentrated, tests the performance of end to end connection and communicate with communications router 108 End to end connection has been established with coordinated management.Management information can use the piggybacking data in one or more data packets, or can be with It is transmitted as one or more independent data packets.

Error correction packets be transmitted by communications router 106 be transferred to communication to correct or detect from communications router 106 The packet of any mistake in the data packet of router 108.Error correction packets include forward error correction (FEC) packet, automatic repeat request (ARQ) Packet, parity code check packet etc..

According to preferred embodiment, end to end connection transmission data packet has been established using first group.First group has been established end and arrives End, which is connected to others and has been established, has highest level among end to end connection.Therefore, according to the preference of user, first group built Vertical end to end connection is best suited for transmission data packet.End to end connection has been established using second group or non-first/second group is built Vertical end to end connection transfer management packet, error correction packets.End to end connection has been established using non-first group and/or non-first/second group The benefit of transfer management packet and error correction packets is first group and end to end connection has been established is retained for data packet, and has higher Capacity can be used for transmitting data packet.Moreover it is preferred that using from be used for transmission data packet that end to end connection has been established is different End to end connection transmission error correction packets have been established, so that identical mistake is not present in error correction packets.

In one in various embodiments, if first group of capacity for having been established end to end connection be it is full, use Second group has been established end to end connection transmission data packet.In one in various embodiments, if first group has been established end and arrives End connection and second group of capacity for having been established end to end connection be it is full, then end-to-end company has been established using non-first/second group Connect transmission data packet.

In one in various embodiments, if first group has been established end to end connection with enough capacity for passing The defeated non-data packet in addition to data packet, then have been established end to end connection transfer management packet using first group.In multiple embodiments In one in, using first group have been established end to end connection transmission be used for user's checking management packet.For example, being passed using file It send the end to end connection that has been established of agreement (FTP) to need user's checking, therefore, end to end connection has been established using first group and transmits Verification information.

In one in various embodiments, data packet be distributed on multiple established end to end connection in one group it In, and transmitted using technology described in Fig. 2A and 2B by the way that end to end connection has been established.

Failure transfer

Illustrated classification in one and Fig. 4 in multiple embodiments of the invention according to described in Fig. 8, when belonging to End to end connection failure has been established in first group of one or more and the other end to end connection that have been established for belonging to first group do not have There is enough capacity come when transmitting data packet, communications router 106 has been established end-to-end using the one or more for belonging to second group Connection is to transmit data packet.Therefore, belong to second group of the end to end connection that has been established and execute backup or failover functionality.Belong to There are many possibilities for first group of the reason of end to end connection is without enough capacity that have been established.For example, the number of data packet is too Greatly.In another example, belong to first group and end to end connection has been established because disconnecting or device fails due tos fails, because End to end connection has been established described in this to interrupt and cannot be assigned to again in first group.Although belonging to second group of the end that has been established to arrive Hold connection performance may not as good as being had been established those of in first group end to end connection is good, but belong to second group and end have been established Overhead provision is capable of providing to end connection to be used for transmission data packet.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, first end to end connection has been established is belong to first group unique One has been established end to end connection.End to end connection has been established by first in step 801 and transmits data packet.If in step The number detected in end to end connection has been established first within the first time predefined period in the determination of processing unit 502 in 802 The first predefined number for abandoning packet or packet loss less than data packet according to the number of packet abandoning packet or packet loss, then continuing in step 801 End to end connection has been established by first and transmits data packet.When processing unit 502 is all in the first time predefined in step 802 In phase when first has been established the data packet abandoning packet or packet loss for detecting at least the first predefined number in end to end connection, in step In rapid 803, " warm-up " packet of end to end connection transmission is had been established by belonging to the second of second group in communications router 106.If Processing unit 502 is determined to have been established in end to end connection within the second time predefined period first and be detected in step 804 Data packet abandon packet or packet loss number less than data packet abandon packet or packet loss the second predefined number, then in step 801 It continues through first and end to end connection transmission data packet has been established.When processing unit 502 in step 804 is when second is predefined Between in the period first have been established detected in end to end connection the second at least other predefined number data packet abandon packet or When packet loss, in step 805, communications router 106 begins through second and end to end connection transmission data packet has been established.In third After the time predefined period, in step 806, communications router 106 test first have been established the performance of end to end connection with Check whether there are still the abandoning packets or packet loss of at least third predefined number within the 4th time predefined period.If First has been established the abandoning packet or packet loss that end to end connection does not undergo at least third predefined number in four time predefined periods, that Communications router 106, which starts to reuse first, in step 807 has been established end to end connection transmission data packet, and in step Stop using second end to end connection transmission data packet has been established in rapid 808.If processing unit 502 is in step 806 It is had been established in four time predefined periods first and detects that the data packet of at least third predefined number is abandoned in end to end connection Packet or packet loss, then continuing through second in step 805 has been established end to end connection transmission data packet.Importantly, into Allow before row step 806 by the third time predefined period, so that end to end connection has been established using first and uses Second switching having been established between end to end connection will not too frequently, because too frequent switching may be decreased overall performance.One In a modification, omits step 808 and communications router continues through second and end to end connection transmission data packet has been established (more really Say with cutting, it is " warm-up " packet), so that second have been established end to end connection holding work.Carry out to the Period Process of Fig. 8.

End to end connection has been established to help sufficiently to enable second in time using " warm-up " packet in step 803.Due to Different link service providers disposes different mechanism to handle the data packet from inactive connection, therefore, works as data packet When starting to be transmitted using the established end to end connection of inactive connection by these, it is slow that these connections may be undergone. Equally, heterogeneous networks adapter manufacturer can dispose different technologies when managing inactive network interface.For example, being used as network The radio modem of a part of interface or network interface can be switched to after not receiving for a long time or not transmitting packet Energy-saving mode or sleep pattern.In order to reduce data packet slow probability experienced, " warm-up " packet of the transmission of communications router 106 So that connection becomes to work.This to for establishing end to end connection wireless connection (for example, using satellite, 3G, LTE and The connection of cellular technologies) it is especially even more important." warm-up " packet can contain data or can be health examination bag.Should for The different communication technology and agreement for establishing end to end connection adjust the size and frequency for sending " warm-up " packet.

In step 803 transmit it is " warm-up " packet another object is that test second have been established end to end connection whether still in Mode of operation and still fall within second group.It is not at mode of operation if second has been established end to end connection or should not be retained in second In group, then the third that selection belongs to second group in step 803 has been established end to end connection and is surveyed with " warm-up " packet to it Examination.

Abandon packet or packet loss by the manufacturer of communications router 106, administrator or user setup data packet first makes a reservation for Adopted number, data packet abandon the second predefined number and data packet the abandoning packet of packet or packet loss or the third predefined number of packet loss. These predefined numbers can be same or different.In a preferred embodiment, data packet abandons the first of packet or packet loss Predefined first number is less than five, and the second predefined first number of data packet abandoning packet or packet loss is less than ten, data Packet abandons predefined first number of third of packet or packet loss less than five.Predefined number is smaller, and end to end connection has been established Performance requirement is stringenter, because the number for the packet for allowing to abandon or lose is smaller.

Made a reservation for by the manufacturer of communications router 106, administrator or user setting the first time predefined period, second Adopted time cycle, third time predefined period and the 4th time predefined period.These time predefined periods can be phase It is same or different.First time predefined period, the second time predefined period, third time predefined period and the 4th are pre- The definition time cycle is longer, and the performance requirement that end to end connection has been established is stringenter, because of permitted abandoning packet rate or packet loss Rate is smaller.

Illustrated classification in one and Fig. 4 in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, communications router 106 pass through First has been established end to end connection transmission data packet.It end to end connection has been established can not retain in the first set general when first Rate reach predefined thresholds or first end to end connection has been established will be by from when first group of removal, communications router 106 passes through category Second in second group has been established " warm-up " packet of end to end connection transmission.It end to end connection has been established no longer is retained in when first When in one group, communications router 106 begins through second and end to end connection transmission data packet has been established.In the time predefined period Later, when first have been established end to end connection again at first group when, communications router 106, which reuses first end has been established, to be arrived End connection transmits data packet and stops using second end to end connection transmission data packet has been established.

Communications router 106 determines that first has been established end to end connection based on the degree close to the condition for violating first group Whether probability in the first set can be retained.For example, first group of condition is average delay respectively lower than 50ms, average packet loss Rate does not have data transmission between 5 points and 6 points in 2,000 packets lower than a packet and in the afternoon.For the mesh of explanation , when first, which has been established end to end connection, undergoes in ten seconds from 40 milliseconds of average delays for rising to 48 milliseconds, depend on The methodology of probability is calculated, probability can rise to extremely high value.In the case, end has been established by second in communications router 106 It is wrapped to end connection transmission is " warm-up ", because first has been established end to end connection and may be removed from first group shortly after.Together Sample is 4 58 timesharing in afternoon when the time for purposes of illustration, and communications router 106 has been established end-to-end by second " warm-up " packet of connection transmission has been established whether end to end connection still falls within second group to test second.It is arrived if second has been established end End connection still falls within second group, then communications router 106 has begun through second at the time just probably 5 in the afternoon End to end connection transmission data packet is established, because first does not meet first group when end to end connection has been established by 5 in the afternoon Condition.

It one in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, end to end connection has been established is no longer belong to second group simultaneously when second And when being also not belonging to first group, second, which has been established end to end connection, is either destroyed or is assigned to non-first/second group.Cause This, communications router 106 by belong to second group of other one or more have been established end to end connection transmit another " heat Body " packet has been established which can be used in the case that end to end connection no longer retains in the first set is built first to determine Vertical end to end connection.In the case where end to end connection not having been established more belonging to second group, communications router 106 passes through category End to end connection has been established in the one or more of non-first/second group and transmits another " warm-up " packet.Due to having determined that second End to end connection has been established to be destroyed or in non-first/second group, it is other with determination using " warm-up " packet when spending the time to When the quality and/or state of end to end connection has been established, determine that the time window that end to end connection has been established in which can be used Mouth can reduce.

It can determine that first group has been established end to end connection by using above-described embodiment.

Fig. 9 is the flow chart shown according to one process in multiple embodiments.In step 901, it establishes and concentrates End to end connection.The end to end connection of concentration includes multiple end to end connection having been established.It is multiple that end to end connection packet has been established Include assign to first group have been established in end to end connection first end to end connection have been established and assigns to second group end has been established arrive Second in the connection of end has been established end to end connection.In step 902, processing unit 502 determines whether to meet first condition.Such as Fruit meets first condition, then end to end connection has been established by first in step 905 and transmit data packet.If not meeting first Then end to end connection transmission data packet has been established without using first in step 904 in condition.In step 903, processing unit 502 determine whether to meet second condition.If meeting second condition, end-to-end company has been established by second in step 907 Connect transmission data packet.If not meeting second condition, end to end connection transmission number has been established without using second in step 906 According to packet.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, after step 901 and determining whether to meet the first He Multiple end to end connection that have been established are divided into group before second condition.Classification is to determine that end to end connection has been established in which and answer It is grouped together.Therefore condition is suitable for belonging to same group all end to end connection has been established.In addition, same group has been established End to end connection can manage together.

In a variant, first condition and second condition are mutually exclusive.For example, meeting when not meeting second condition First condition, and when not meeting first condition, meet second condition.Therefore it is built or in step 905 to pass through first Vertical end to end connection transmits data packet or end to end connection transmission has been established by second in step 907.

Alternatively, first condition and second condition are uncorrelated.It is possible that meeting both first condition and second condition simultaneously. When meeting both first condition and second condition, both end to end connection have been established by first and second, are distributed wherein And transmit data packet.

Alternatively, first condition is related to second condition.Therefore whether qualified probability is met or is not met another One condition influences.

In a variant, when meeting first condition in step 902, by belonging to first group in step 905 It is all that end to end connection transmission data packet has been established, and when not meeting first condition in step 902, in step 904 Data packet is not transmitted by belonging to first group of any end to end connection that has been established.Similarly, when meeting second in step 903 When condition, data packet is transmitted by belonging to second group of all end to end connection that have been established in step 907, and when in step When not meeting second condition in 903, number is not transmitted by belonging to second group of any end to end connection that has been established in step 906 According to packet.

In a variant, first condition and second condition can be based on when using certain end to end connection has been established when institutes State certain performances that end to end connection has been established, certain service providers that end to end connection has been established, communications router 106 Position, the time on the same day, it is certain have been established end to end connection using price, it is certain have been established end to end connection safety assist View, User Identity, concentration end to end connection destination IP address range, certain the logical of end to end connection has been established Letter agreement, uses certain applications and use that end to end connection has been established at certain communication technologys that end to end connection has been established Certain devices that end to end connection has been established.

Network interface failure

Network interface with end to end connection

Illustrated classification in one and Fig. 4 in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, communications router 106 have Some in multiple network interfaces and the network interface are connected with end to end connection.Communications router 106 passes through first Connection establishes first using first network interface and end to end connection has been established.First has been established end to end connection through the processing unit 502 assign in first group.End to end connection has been established without other in communications router 106, can be by least but have The available possible end to end connection of one non-first network interface.It is arrived when end has been established in processing unit 502 determining first The probability that end connection can not retain in the first set have reached predefined thresholds, first have been established end to end connection will by from First group of removal or network interface cannot retain in the first set it is reported that may cause first and end to end connection has been established When at least one mistake, communications router 106 enables the second network interface and attempts to establish second end with communications router 108 It is connected to end.If the second end to end connection can be successfully set up and meet second group of condition, processing unit 502 Second end to end connection is assigned in second group.If the second end to end connection can not be successfully set up and/or can not meet Two groups of condition, then communications router 106 enables other non-first/second network interfaces, and which processing unit 502 determines A network interface can establish meet second group condition end to end connection.

Once in the presence of the end to end connection that has been established for the condition that can meet second group, communications router 106 is ready for It is had been established first and end to end connection transmission data packet has been established using described when end to end connection is no longer belong to first group.This reality It applies example and does not need to pre-establish second and end to end connection has been established.It replaces, cannot retain when the first end to end connection has High probability in the first set or will be not preserved in the first set when, establish second and end to end connection have been established.This embodiment subtracts The needs for sending packet by non-first network interface are lacked, and have made less using the company for being connected to non-first network interface It connects.

It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that there are many reasons, and network interface to be caused to report mistake, include connection event Barrier, modem failure, operating system failure, the decline of signal-to-noise ratio detected by modem etc..When network connects When mouth report mistake, it is likely that it will not be able to transfer and/or receive data packet and influence has been established end to end connection and passes through it The connection of foundation.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, due in this embodiment, end having been established there is only one and arrives End connection, therefore do not need with the end to end connection concentrated to keep that end to end connection has been established because this do not provide it is bright The size that can use net load can be reduced when aobvious improvement.Further, since a network interface is once used only, therefore to determine the The condition whether one has been established end to end connection can retain in the first set can also be used to determine whether using non-first net Network interface transmits all data packets, regardless of whether the destination of data packet is communications router 108.

For example, determining that the first network interface of communications router 106 will be used for transmission and receive in the first set data Packet, because it meets all conditions, and the second network interface determination will in the second set.When first network interface will be by from first When group removes, communications router 106 begins through the second network interface and sends " warm-up " packet to prepare the second network interface use In transmission data packet.When first network interface is from first group of removal, the second network interface can start to transmit and receive data Packet.When first network interface belongs to first group again, communications router 106 will be transmitted and be received using first network interface Data packet, and the second network interface is stopped using to transmit simultaneously received data packet.It can be as discussed in above-described embodiment End to end connection will have been established it is divided into different groups of similar modes and network interface is divided into first group and second group.

When communications router 106 does not use the second network interface transfers and received data packet, communications router 106 is remained to Enough using the second network interface transfers error correction packets, management packet, health examination bag and test bag.

Network interface without end to end connection

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, on the network interface of communication device rather than in end-to-end company It connects and classifies.Communication device can be router, interchanger, multiplexer, host or node.This schemes in Figure 11 Show, in order to better understand, checks Figure 11 in conjunction with Fig. 5, wherein figure 5 show the block diagrams of communication device.In step 1101, Data packet is ready to pass through communication device transfers.When processing unit 502 is determined for compliance with first condition in step 1102, in step Communication device uses first network interface transmission data packet in rapid 1105.When processing unit 502 is determined for compliance in step 1103 When second condition, communication device uses the second network data transmission interface packet in step 1107.In a variant, when in step Processing unit determines that first network interface transmission data still can be used in communication device when not meeting first condition in rapid 1102 Packet；When meeting first condition, communication device must use first network interface transmission data packet.Similarly, when in step Processing unit 502 determines that the second network data transmission interface still can be used in communication device when not meeting second condition in 1103 Packet；When meeting second condition, communication device must use the second network data transmission interface packet.In a variant, when Processing unit 502 determines that communication device stops using the first net in step 1104 when not meeting first condition in step 1102 Network interface transmission data packet, and same situation is also applied for second condition and the second network interface in a step 1106.

First condition second condition can be independent, incoherent, relying on or relevant.Pass through communication device Administrator, manufacturer or user configuration first condition and second condition.

When not meeting first condition, communication device stops using first network interface transmission data packet in step 1104 In the case where, if first network interface stops operation suddenly, the overall network performance of communication device will be adversely affected. Therefore, communication device should stop using first network adapter while can not adversely significantly affect overall network performance Transmit data packet.One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, communication device will will stop using first network at it The second network interface is set to get out transmission and received data packet when interface.Therefore, communication device will not meet first condition When get out the second network interface.It is assumed that first condition still conforms to after predefined a period of time or first condition is not inconsistent The probability of conjunction is decreased, and communication device is not intended to that the second network interface is kept to work, because keeping the second network interface meeting Increase power consumption and higher data is caused to use.

The process of Figure 11 is similar to the process of Fig. 9, only difference is that Fig. 9, which shows selection, has been used for transmission data packet The process of end to end connection is established, and Figure 11 shows the process that selection is used for transmission the network interface of data packet.

The previously described condition classified to end to end connection or network interface includes performance metrics, service Provider, using module, position, the time, use price, safety, User Identity, Internet protocol address model It encloses, communication protocol, the communication technology and application, may be used as the condition for network interface.For example, first condition is based on performance Module, so if first network interface or the network connection by first network interface bearing do not meet first condition, Then communication device does not further use first network interface.In another example, first condition is based on User Identity, only User by verifying could use first network interface.Therefore, communication device is originated from without using first network interface to transmit The data packet of non-authenticated user.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, enabling of the third condition to start the second network interface Journey.During enabling process, communication device starts the second network interface of enabling or is its " warm-up ".There are various ways to enable Second network interface.For example, the second network interface can be enabled by powering to the second network interface.In another example, By enabling the second network interface to communication network via the second network interface transfers packet, the packet can encapsulation of data, another Packet, management information, the interior perhaps predefined content generated at random.The purpose for enabling the second network interface is that the second network is allowed to connect Mouth when meeting first condition or is transmitting data packet when first network interface is stopped transmission data packet.

Third condition should be more tightened up than second condition, otherwise will meet third condition but not yet meet second Condition and lead to the situation that cannot enable the second network interface in time.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, when communication device has determined that it can reuse the first net When network interface transmission data packet, communication device will stop using the second network data transmission interface packet and begin to use the first net Network interface transmission data packet.Fourth condition is used to assess whether that first network interface can be reused to transmit data packet.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, condition, including first condition, second condition, third condition and Fourth condition can follow condition described in front portion of the invention.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, when communication device passes through a transmission data in network interface When, consolidated network interface or another network interface received data packet can be used in communication device.

Figure 10 is the diagram of preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention.At step 1001, communication device passes through first network Interface transmission data packet.At step 1002, processing unit 502 determines whether first network interface meets third condition, third Condition is the third predefined number that data packet abandons packet or packet loss within the third time predefined period.If meeting Article 3 Part, then communication device starts to start the second network interface at step 1003.Data packet abandons packet or the third of packet loss is predefined Number is in the range of a packet is to 100 packets.The third time predefined period is in the range of one second to one minute.Number The third predefined number for abandoning packet or packet loss according to packet is bigger, allows for more abandoning packet or packet loss.Another aspect third is predefined Time cycle is bigger, allows for fewer abandoning packet or packet loss.For purposes of illustration, the third predefined number of data packet packet loss Be five packet and the third time predefined period be ten seconds.Therefore, when there are meet the when six or more abandonings are wrapped in five seconds Three conditions.

At step 1004, processing unit 502 determines whether to meet second condition, i.e., detects in first network interface The second time predefined section in abandon packet or packet loss the second predefined number.If meeting second condition, in step Communication device begins to use the second network data transmission interface packet at 1005.In a variant, when communication device uses second When network data transmission interface packet, communication device stops using first network interface transmission data packet.Therefore, first can be based on Condition construction second condition makes second condition opposite with first condition.Therefore, when meeting first condition, Article 2 is not met Part, and when meeting second condition, do not meet first condition.For illustration purposes only, in first network interface packet loss The second predefined number be ten packet and the second time predefined period be ten seconds.Therefore, when less than in ten seconds There are meet second condition when ten abandonings are wrapped.First condition should be configured in ten seconds less than ten packet losses.Therefore, when communication fills It sets when stopping using first network interface transmission data packet, the second network interface can essentially simultaneously transmit data packet.

At step 1006, processing unit 502 determines whether that first network interface transmission data packet should be reused.If Meet fourth condition, thens follow the steps 1007 and 1008 again by first network interface transmission data packet and to stop using Second network data transmission interface packet.Fourth condition be first network interface detect in the 4th time predefined section 4th predefined number of packet loss.For illustration purposes only, it is in the 4th predefined number of first network interface packet loss Five packet and the 4th time predefined period be ten seconds.

In a variant, communication device should not almost execute step 1006 after step 1005.This is because It is possible that the network connection of first network interface is not yet stable.If the network connection of first network interface or network interface not Step 1006 is executed when stablizing, then communication device may use first network interface and use frequency between the second network interface It converts numerously.This may cause the significant adverse effect to performance.

In a variant, compared to first condition, fourth condition should not be too loose.Otherwise communication device can also Can experience continually converted between first network interface in use with stopping using.This may also cause to the significant unfavorable of performance It influences.

Condition is stored in from storage device 505, and through the processing unit 502 from from 505 search condition of storage device To determine whether network interface is eligible.First network interface and the second network interface are two in multiple network interfaces 506 It is a.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, processing unit 502, which passes through, determines that network interface institute is associated Whether access link, connection, network or end to end connection are eligible to determine whether network interface is eligible.For example, such as Really bar part is that network interface network delay experienced is necessarily less than two milliseconds, is connected then condition is equivalent to by network interface The network delay observed at the access link connect is less than two milliseconds.

Alert message

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, when end to end connection disengaging has been established or is added one group, or When end to end connection having been established stopping eligible, communications router 106 generates at least one alert message and the police It accuses message and is sent to predefined destination.Alert message can be Email, instant message, short message service (SMS), electricity Words calling, the message shown in webpage, the Pop-up message at webpage, alarm, sound, scintillation light, opening light emitting diode (LED) and other indicants that event has occurred can be used to refer to.Predefined destination can be e-mail address, IP Address, LED, loudspeaker, display screen, console, network node, host, mobile phone, laptop computer and police can be received Accuse any electronic device of message.For example, first at the communications router 106 has been established end to end connection and has been detached from first When group, the administrator of transmission SMS to communications router 106.In another example, first at communications router 106 is built When vertical end to end connection has been detached from first group, at least two alert messages are generated by communications router 106.Described at least two Alert message include the Pop-up message generated on webpage and be sent to communications router 106 user and/or administrator i.e. When message.In another example, first at communications router 106 has been established end to end connection and has rejoined first group When, the LED light on communications router 106, which will flash, to be had been established end to end connection with instruction first in several seconds and has rejoined first Group.

The input of condition

Condition can be input to communication by console, attachment device and/or moveable computer-readable storage medium In router 106.Exactly, console is series control platform, so that such as laptop passes through the series control platform Communications router 106 is connected to input, configuration, management and removes condition.Attachment device exactly passes through Ethernet cable It is connected to communications router 106.One end of Ethernet cable is connected to the other end of communications router 106 and Ethernet cable It is connected to network node, which provides the connection to other networks (including internet).Thus, for example, communication lines by The administrator of device 106 can log on on communications router 106 with input, configuration, management and removal condition.Alternatively, it connects Device be implement comprising LTE, WiFi, high-speed down link packet access (HSDPA) communication standard, Zigbee, UWB, 3G, WiMAX, The wireless connection of the wireless communication standard of bluetooth and GPRS etc..Moveable computer-readable storage medium includes fast-flash memory Card, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, secure digital (SD) card or allow to instruct upload to it is any on communications router 106 Moveable computer-readable storage medium.

One in multiple embodiments according to the present invention, when administrator is by connection access communications router 106, it is Administrator provides web interface, command line interface and/or Application Programming Interface (API).Therefore, remotely it can input or pass through Web interface, command line interface and/or API are in local input condition and condition can be stored in from storage device 505.

Claims

1. a kind of method for transmitting data packet to the second communications router by the first communications router comprising:

The end to end connection concentrated is established with second communications router, wherein the end to end connection of the concentration includes multiple End to end connection has been established；

The data packet that end to end connection transmits a session has been established by first when meeting first condition；

The data packet that end to end connection transmits one session has been established by second when meeting second condition；

Wherein first communications router is wan router more than one, including multiple network interfaces；

Wherein the end to end connection of the concentration is to be established by the multiple network interface, and end has been established including described first End to end connection has been established to end connection and described second；Wherein described first end to end connection has been established is by the multiple One of network interface of network interface is established；Wherein described second end to end connection has been established is by the multiple network One of network interface of interface is established；Wherein end to end connection has been established using difference to transmit in the session；Wherein institute First is stated end to end connection has been established, described second end to end connection has been established and the difference has been established end to end connection and all belongs to In the end to end connection of the concentration.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, further comprising:

According to first group of condition by it is the multiple end to end connection have been established be divided into multiple groups end to end connection has been established；

Wherein described first end to end connection has been established belongs to first group end to end connection has been established；

Also,

Wherein described second end to end connection has been established belongs to second group end to end connection has been established.

3. according to the method described in claim 1, further comprising:

Maintain described second end to end connection has been established；

Determine that first has been established end to end connection and can not retain probability in the first set, when the probability reaches predefined thresholds When:

The warm-up packet of end to end connection transmission has been established by described second；

It does not use first and end to end connection transmission data packet has been established；Also,

End to end connection transmission maintenance packet, health examination bag or management packet has been established by first.

4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein by via described second have been established end to end connection periodically to The second communications router transmission packet is to execute the maintenance.

5. according to the method described in claim 1, it further comprises having been established when meeting third condition by described second End to end connection transmission packet.

6. according to the method described in claim 5, wherein the packet is selected from the group being made of the following contents: error correction packets, management Packet and data packet；Wherein, the error correction packets are to be transmitted by an end to end connection, and this end to end connection is and transmits it Described in data packet it is different.

7. according to the method described in claim 5, making a reservation for wherein if had been established in end to end connection described first in third There is the packet loss of at least third predefined number in the adopted time cycle, then meets the third condition.

8. according to the method described in claim 1, it further comprises not meeting and/or the Article 2 in the first condition When part meets, at least one alert message is transmitted.

9. according to the method described in claim 1, making a reservation for wherein if had been established in end to end connection described first first There is the packet loss for being less than the first predefined number in the adopted time cycle, then meets the first condition.

10. according to the method described in claim 1, its further comprise if had been established in end to end connection described first, Meet fourth condition, then stops that end to end connection transmission data packet has been established by described second, and begin through described first End to end connection transmission data packet has been established.

11. according to the method described in claim 10, wherein if had been established in end to end connection described first, in advance the 4th The packet loss that there is at least the 4th predefined number in the time cycle is defined, then does not meet the fourth condition.

12. according to the method described in claim 9, wherein meet the second condition when not meeting the first condition, and The second condition is not met when meeting the first condition, and wherein if within the first time predefined period In the presence of the packet loss of at least described first predefined number, then meet the second condition.

13. according to claim 1, method described in 5 or 10, wherein the condition is selected from the group being made of the following contents: property Can module, service provider, using module, position, the time, using price, safety, User Identity, mutually Networking protocol address range, communication protocol, the communication technology, application and device.

14. according to the method for claim 13, wherein the performance metrics are selected from the group being made of the following contents: Handling capacity, error rate, packet delay, packet jitter, symbol shake, service quality, safety, overlay area, bandwidth, the bit error rate, packet Error rate, frame error ratio, abandon packet rate, queueing delay, two-way time, capacity, signal level, interference level, bandwidth delay product, Switching delay time, signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio.

15. according to claim 1, method described in 5 or 10, wherein from remote server remotely retrieving or from matchmaker is locally stored Body is locally retrieving the condition, and is received by web interface, Application Programming Interface (API), command line interface or console The condition.

16. the first communications router that one kind can transmit data packet to the second communications router comprising:

Multiple network interfaces,

At least one processing unit；

At least one main memory；

At least one can be executed from storage device, described be stored with from storage device by least one described processing unit to be used for The program instruction operated below:

17. the first communications router according to claim 16, wherein it is described at least one further deposited from storage device Containing can be executed by least one described processing unit with the program instruction for following operation:

Also,

18. the first communications router according to claim 16, wherein it is described at least one further deposited from storage device Containing can be executed by least one described processing unit with the program instruction for following operation:

Maintain described second end to end connection has been established.

19. the first communications router according to claim 18, wherein by the way that end-to-end company has been established via described second It connects and periodically sends packet to second communications router to execute the maintenance；Further include: determine that first has been established end and arrive End connection can not retain probability in the first set, when the probability reaches predefined thresholds:

20. the first communications router according to claim 16, wherein it is described at least one further deposited from storage device Containing can be executed by least one described processing unit with the program instruction for following operation: when meeting third condition, be led to It crosses described second and end to end connection transmission packet has been established.

21. the first communications router according to claim 20, wherein the packet is selected from the group being made of the following contents: Error correction packets, management packet and data packet；Wherein, the error correction packets are transmitted by end to end connection, and this end-to-end company Connect is that wherein the data packet is different from transmission.

22. the first communications router according to claim 20, wherein if end to end connection has been established described first In, in third time predefined cycle memory in the packet loss of at least third predefined number, then meet the third condition.

23. the first communications router according to claim 16, wherein it is described at least one further deposited from storage device Containing can be executed by least one described processing unit with the program instruction for following operation:

When the first condition is not met and/or the second condition meets, at least one alert message is transmitted.

24. the first communications router according to claim 16, wherein if end to end connection has been established described first In, in the first time predefined cycle memory in the packet loss for being less than the first predefined number, then meet the first condition.

25. the first communications router according to claim 16, wherein it is described at least one further deposited from storage device Containing can be executed by least one described processing unit with the program instruction for following operation: if had been established described first In end to end connection, meet fourth condition, then stops that end to end connection transmission data packet has been established by described second, and start End to end connection has been established by described first and transmits data packet.

26. the first communications router according to claim 25, wherein if end to end connection has been established described first In, in the 4th time predefined cycle memory in the packet loss of the 4th predefined number, then do not meet the fourth condition.

27. the first communications router according to claim 24, wherein meeting when not meeting the first condition described Second condition, and the second condition is not met when meeting the first condition, and wherein if built described first In vertical end to end connection, the first time predefined cycle memory at least described first predefined number packet loss, then Meet the second condition.

28. the first communications router described in 6,20 or 25 according to claim 1, wherein the condition is selected from by the following contents group At group: performance metrics, service provider, using module, position, the time, use price, safety, user Identity, Internet protocol address range, communication protocol, the communication technology, application and device.

29. the first communications router according to claim 28, wherein the performance metrics are selected from by the following contents The group of composition: handling capacity, error rate, packet delay, packet jitter, symbol shake, service quality, safety, overlay area, band Width, the bit error rate, packet error rate, frame error ratio, abandon packet rate, queueing delay, two-way time, capacity, signal level, interference level, Bandwidth delay product, switching delay time, signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio.

30. the first communications router described in 6,20 or 25 according to claim 1, wherein from remote server remotely retrieving or The condition is locally being retrieved from media are locally stored, and is passing through web interface, Application Programming Interface (API), command line interface Or console receives the condition.