CN105357768B - A kind of implementation method of Wireless Multi-Channel MAC protocol - Google Patents
A kind of implementation method of Wireless Multi-Channel MAC protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN105357768B CN105357768B CN201410411950.3A CN201410411950A CN105357768B CN 105357768 B CN105357768 B CN 105357768B CN 201410411950 A CN201410411950 A CN 201410411950A CN 105357768 B CN105357768 B CN 105357768B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wireless communication fields, relate more specifically to wireless ad hoc network (also referred to as mobile peer-to-peer network, wireless AD HOC networks etc.) in the implementation method of MAC sublayer (MAC layer) agreement of wireless channel that communicates between each node, carrier wave need not be intercepted before node transmission data or whether channel is idle, it can directly transmit, allow have conflict when sharing each node transmission data of same radio frequency band in wireless ad hoc network, a kind of new transmission mechanism is used in scheme to control within the scope of acceptable the probability of this conflict, it is unlikely to influence the correct recovery for receiving data, to in the case where not needing Base communication facility, two two intercommunicatings may be implemented in wireless ad hoc network between each node, it is one-to-many, the modes such as multi-to-multi freely communicate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication fields, relate more specifically to wireless ad hoc network (also referred to as mobile peer-to-peer network, nothing
Line AD HOC networks etc.) in the realization of MAC sublayer (MAC layer) agreement of wireless channel that communicates between each node
Method.
Background technology
Wireless ad hoc network is collectively constituted by multiple terminal nodes with transceiver, the communication between them
The support of fixed network infrastructure (such as base station or hot spot) is not needed to, each terminal node can be with less radio-frequency model
Enclose other interior node direct communications.Wireless medium is shared by multiple network nodes, it is therefore desirable to which a kind of mechanism controls
Access to medium, this is to be responsible for realizing by the data link layer in OSI Reference Model, as shown in figure.According to IEEE
802 reference models, data link layer are further divided into logical link control sublayer and MAC sublayer (MAC layer),
MAC layer is directly executed in the last layer of physical layer, it can be considered that medium is controlled by this layer.The major function of MAC layer
It is to determine when a node can access share medium, and solve the potential competition being likely to occur between node punching
It is prominent.
Existing wireless self-networking mac-layer protocol can be divided into two classes according to the mode that its control accesses medium：It is uncontested
Medium access protocol and medium access protocol competition-based.
1) in uncontested medium access protocol, each node uniquely uses distributed wireless medium resource, main at present
It will be there are three types of mode：The first is frequency division multiplexing (FDMA), and different nodes can only occupy the different frequency bands distributed and send
Data avoid interfering with each other；Second is time division multiplexing (TDMA), allows multiple nodes to use same frequency band, but they make
With different Periodic time windows, so entire or localized network needs frame synchronization；The third is code division multiplexing, and different nodes use
Different coding modes simultaneously accesses to wireless medium, if these codings are orthogonal, may be implemented in identical frequency band
On multichannel communication multiple telecommunication.
2) medium access protocol competition-based is there is provided a kind of reduction collision frequency and the mechanism restored from collision,
Node is allowed to occupy access medium by competing.Generally popular MAC protocol competition-based is that (carrier sense is more by CSMA
Road accesses), whether node intercepts channel first before transmitting the data idle.Variant CSMA/CD including it is (with conflict inspection
Survey) and CSMA/CA (with conflict avoidance).
Applied to wireless self-networking, there are mainly three types of technologies at present：Wi-Fi, ZigBee and bluetooth (BT).Wi-Fi's
Standard is IEEE 802.11, and IEEE 802.11 is built upon on CSMA/CA protocol basis, is detectd first before node transmission data
Listen channel whether idle.ZigBee is the trade name of standard IEEE 802.15.4 technologies, the letter of IEEE 802.15.4 standards
Road access way is also to use carrier sense multiple access access (CSMA/CA) mechanism of exempting to conflict.Bluetooth (BT) be by Ericsson, IBM,
The short distance wireless communication technology standard that INTEL, Nokia, 5 company of Toshiba joint are formulated, is to use time division duplex (TDD)
Mode avoids conflicting, and in a blueteeth network node, one of them undertakes communication master node roles, other be from node,
Host node is responsible for providing network clocking synchronizing signal, and determines the communication channel for arranging each node.
It is an object of the present invention to which carrier wave need not be intercepted before node transmission data or whether channel is idle, Ke Yizhi
It receives and sends, allows have conflict when sharing each node transmission data of same radio frequency band in wireless ad hoc network.In scheme of the invention
It uses a kind of transmission mechanism of innovation to control within the scope of acceptable the probability of this conflict, is unlikely to influence
The correct recovery of data is received, thus in the case where not needing Base communication facility, in wireless ad hoc network between each node
The modes such as two two intercommunicatings, one-to-many, multi-to-multi may be implemented freely to communicate.
Invention content
Figure two show a node module functional block diagram in wireless self-networking, and ENB signals are for controlling radio frequency letter in figure
Number transmitting-receiving switching, when ENB signals are effective, this node module sends signal, transmission data, and other times this nodes is in and connects
Receive data mode.How main contents that ENB signal be exactly the present invention are generated.
As shown in Figure 3, each node in wireless self-networking generates period identical frame signal, each frame serial number
It identifies, then each frame is divided into N number of time slot, it must be prime number (prime number), such system channel number that the solution of the present invention, which requires N,
Amount maximum value is N, and the timeslot number (Ts) of each channel occupancy is related to frame number (F), is not to occupy fixed time slot, channel
It is determined by following equation in the time slot that each frame occupies：
Ts=(S*F) Mod N (formula one)
In formula：Ts--- timeslot numbers, value range：0~N-1.
S---- channel numbers, value range：0~N-1.
0~R-1 rotation numbers can also be used in F---- frame numbers, the serial number since 0, and R takes the multiple of N.
N---- prime numbers, by it is determined that the number of timeslots and channel quantity of system.
* ----multiplication operator.
Mod---- modulo operators, the remainder of round numbers division.
The present invention claims the frame signals of each node in network by respective local clock source (generally selecting TCXO) production
Raw, system can tolerate frame circular error caused by each different clocks source, not require the Phase synchronization of frame signal, each
Node can since any position header signal and mark frame serial number.
Each node is effective to control ENB in the time slot that every frame occupancy is generated by formula one, sends signal, transmission data.
The present invention claims N must take prime number, ensure that the probability that any two node occupies time slot time of origin conflict is 1/N, can be with
Error of transmission data caused by correcting the conflict by suitable error correcting code and interleaving technology.
The present invention program is compared with existing wireless MAC protocols technology：, load need not be intercepted before node transmission data at first point
Whether wave or channel are idle, are directly transmitted in determining time slot.Second point, although carrier wave need not be intercepted before node transmission data
Or channel, but the receiving channel of node has grasped the occupancy situation of surroundings nodes channel in real time, when can adjust the transmission of this node
The length of gap, QoS controls easy to implement.Thirdly, remove the whole network and synchronize requirement, it is of the invention especially when number of nodes is big
Scheme is with the obvious advantage.It 4th point, is easy to solve the problems, such as concealed terminal and exposed terminal.5th point, multihop network easy to implement.
Description of the drawings：
802 reference model comparison schematic diagram of one OSI communication protocols hierarchical mode of figure and IEEE；
Two wireless self-networking interior joint communication module functional block diagram of figure；
The schematic diagram of frame and time slot defined in three present invention of figure；
The table explanation of four each channel of figure occupied time slot in different frame positions.
The schematic diagram of five each channel of figure occupied time slot in different frame positions.
Specific embodiment：
Below by taking N=7 as an example, the detailed of time slot is occupied in each frame come calculation specifications different channels with above-mentioned formula one
The table of situation, figure four shows that 7 channels occupied timeslot number, each timeslot number in different frame positions are to use following equation
Two calculate acquisition：
Ts=(S*F) Mod 7 (formula two)
In formula：The table left side first row channel number of S---- figures four, numerical value totally 7 channels from 0 to 6.
The first row frame number above the table of F---- figures four, the serial number since 0 can also be used from 0 to 6
Rotation number.
Figure five be with the details of figure more 7 channels of visual representation occupied time slot in different frame positions, can
To become apparent from the conflict situations in time for finding out each channel.
Figure four and the frame head for each channel that figure five is illustrated are synchronous alignment, are unwanted, N=7 in practical application, 7
It is prime number, ensure that the probability that any two node occupies time slot time of origin conflict is 1/7, suitable error correcting code can be passed through
Correctly restore data with interleaving technology.
For each node there are one sendaisle and multiple receiving channels, the moment knows the situation of occupying of other channels, root
The task amount of transmission data is needed according to local node, the time that can suitably adjust local node transmission data occupancy time slot is long
It is short.These adjustment are all premised on occupying the probability of time slot time of origin conflict and cannot influence to receive the correct recovery of data.
In conclusion the present invention solves the wireless of current wireless self-organizing network nodes using a kind of method cleverly innovated
Some difficult points that MAC protocol encounters in practical applications, meet the demand of system.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of implementation method of Wireless Multi-Channel MAC protocol, it is characterised in that：
Each node in wireless self-networking generates period identical frame signal, and each frame is identified with serial number, then each
Frame is divided into N number of time slot, it is desirable that N is prime number, and the timeslot number Ts of the channel occupancy of each node is related to frame number F, and channel is each
The time slot that frame occupies is determined by following equation：
Ts=(S*F) Mod N (formula one)
In formula：Ts---- timeslot numbers, value range：0-N-1；
S---- channel numbers, value range：0-N-1；
F---- frame numbers, the serial number since 0 also use 0-R-1 rotation numbers, R to take the multiple of N；
N---- prime numbers, by it is determined that the number of timeslots and channel quantity of system；
* ----multiplication operator；
Mod---- modulo operators, the remainder of round numbers division；
Each node occupies the time slot generated by formula one in every frame and sends signal, transmission data, other times to control
Node, which is in, receives data mode.
2. the implementation method of Wireless Multi-Channel MAC protocol as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：There are one each nodes
Sendaisle and multiple receiving channels, what the moment knew other channels occupies situation, needs transmission data according to local node
Task amount, can adjust local node transmission data occupy time slot time length, to realize QoS controls.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101369942A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-02-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Method for guaranteeing communication time slot expansion of short distance wireless sensing network |
| CN101925132A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2010-12-22 | 陈冬岩 | Novel multi-channel medium access control method of wireless sensing network |
| WO2012013473A1 (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-02 | Abb Research Ltd | Wireless communication method and system with collision avoidance protocol |
| CN103747006A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-23 | 沈阳化工大学 | Medium access control method of wireless control network |
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2014
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101369942A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-02-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Method for guaranteeing communication time slot expansion of short distance wireless sensing network |
| WO2012013473A1 (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-02 | Abb Research Ltd | Wireless communication method and system with collision avoidance protocol |
| CN101925132A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2010-12-22 | 陈冬岩 | Novel multi-channel medium access control method of wireless sensing network |
| CN103747006A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-23 | 沈阳化工大学 | Medium access control method of wireless control network |
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