CN105357766A - Method for allocating train wireless network channels - Google Patents
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- CN105357766A CN105357766A CN201510629200.8A CN201510629200A CN105357766A CN 105357766 A CN105357766 A CN 105357766A CN 201510629200 A CN201510629200 A CN 201510629200A CN 105357766 A CN105357766 A CN 105357766A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for allocating train wireless network channels. The method is suitable for multi-hop WiFi systems with multiple-AP (access points) connected in series based on an IEEE 802.11ac protocol in train compartments, and can reasonably allocate all AP working channels, to minimize co-channel and adjacent channel interferences among all AP working channels (frequency points) and maximize system throughput. Meanwhile, the present invention also comprises a deployment solution for all equipment of the WiFi systems in the train compartments, namely, a gateway node and train-ground wireless communication equipment are deployed in the center of a train and are used for the communication between the train and each ground base station; 1-2 APs are deployed in each compartment and are used for carrying access demands of multiple users in the train; and wireless connection is made among the compartments by utilizing wireless relays, and wired connection is adopted among the APs in the compartments and the compartment wireless relays. In this way, a single gateway is deployed for each train to reduce the deployment cost of the WiFi train systems in the train. Meanwhile, the introduction of the wireless relays among the compartments is convenient for the automatic marshalling of trains, without transformation of existing old-type trains.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, described wireless network, except based on except the WiFi of IEEE802.11ac and train WiFi special screne, the frequency be also applicable to based on the Wireless Heterogeneous Networks of 802.11 agreements, radio sensing network, wireless personal area network is disposed.
Background technology
Along with the lifting at full speed of mobile terminal kind and traffic carrying capacity, the cordless communication network of high-throughput becomes problem demanding prompt solution.Although existing 3G and 4G mobile network can greatly meet consumers' demand, in vehicles of common, the Consumer's Experience of legacy cellular network users greatly can reduce along with the particularity of scene.For this reason, current bus and high-speed railway all start progressively introduce easy deployment, business unloading that the WiFi system of low cost accesses as legacy cellular net or supplement technology.At present, railway transport of passengers is the prevailing traffic mode of movement of population, passenger's wireless access business mostly comparatively is the streaming media service such as the Audio and Video that real-time is lower, throughput demand is higher, and rationally disposing train-installed WiFi system just becomes a kind of means meeting passenger's business demand, improve the competitiveness of railway transport of passengers.
At present, in order to reduce the radio interference level in intensive WiFi network between different terminals, and improve the overall throughput performance of cordless communication network, Chinese scholars proposes the channel assignment scheme of a lot of WiFi system, wherein a part of scheme adopts static channel allocation method, and namely each AP activates the channel of rear steady job in setting in advance.Different static channel allocation methods has respective limitation, such as, some is only applicable to small-sized WiFi network and is not suitable for intensive WiFi network, and the working channel interval selected by other static allocation is not limited, and there is the shortcoming that channel spacing is too little, interference is higher.On the other hand, for different communication scenes and business demand, do not consider that transmitted power and channel width are on the impact of systematic function.
In existing scheme, the information [3] such as with good grounds real-time radio transmitting channel state information [1], business queuing state [2], snr of received signal, received signal strength indicator (RSSI), adjusts transmitted power or the working channel of AP in real time.This kind of dynamic channel allocation schemes needs to carry out Signalling exchange continually between AP and point of termination station (Station, STA); In addition, need to adjust transmitted power and switch operating channel continually, these all can cause user to access the problems such as unstable and service disconnection system.
By finding the retrieval of existing patent and correlation technique, the frequency point allocation method of existing many APWiFi system comprises:
(1) document [4] proposes the channel selecting method of a kind of home network based on 802.11b agreement (as Fig. 1), a router is placed in room 3, connect the multiple AP in room 1/2/4 by wired mode, then provide wireless access by AP to STA.
Calculate interference power according to the interfering signal power that the interchannel coefficient correlation factor (CRC) and channel receive in document, and the channel selecting total interference minimum is as the new working channel activating AP.The interfering signal power that the interference power calculated on given channel equals discernible all AP on all channels add and, that is:
Wherein:
P
n_INTrepresent given channel n interfering signal power;
X represents channel number;
M
xthe quantity of the AP that channel x can identify;
P
kxrepresent discernible AP on channel x
kinterfering signal power;
CRC
zrepresent the coefficient correlation of interfering signal power and destination channel echo signal power on other channels;
Z represents channel spacing, Z=n-x.
(2), in current research, the dynamic adjustments for wireless channel interference mainly contains two kinds of modes: dynamic adjustments transmitted power and working channel bandwidth.
By can realize the adjustment of coverage to the dynamic adjustments of AP transmitted power, and then reach the object disturbed and avoid.Propose the method that AP holds transmitted power dynamic adjustments in document [5], the method takies situation based on wireless link, presets minimum and maximum channel occupancy situation.When there being Wireless Data Transmission, in one section of Measuring Time, more now channel occupancy situation and the maximum channel set in advance take the size of situation, if be greater than maximum channel to take situation, that is business demand is comparatively large, then increase the transmitted power of AP, improve systematic function further.Otherwise, itself and minimum channel duty ratio are compared, if be less than minimum channel to take situation, then reduce the transmitted power of AP end, make the interference of other AP that it is large to traffic carrying capacity, channel occupancy is serious minimum.If channel occupancy situation is between minimum and maximum value, then through-put power does not change.
Dynamic channel width distribution method is also a kind of common method of interference coordination, proposes a kind of dynamic frequency selection method of the channel binding mechanism based on 802.11ac in document [6].Set excellent channel threshold value in the method, the channel prior that channel quality is better than threshold value uses.The a certain excellent channel of AP prioritizing selection is as working channel, and when certain channel transmission quality declines, method carries out the adjustment of bandwidth of operation again according to channel situation.Such as have the channel idle of multiple 80MHz, then the channel that therefrom choose channel quality is better than threshold value transmits, and just can carry out channel bonding, the channel of this 80MHz carries out transfer of data when volume of transmitted data is larger; If wherein certain or some 20MHz channels is not idle, there is no 80MHz channel idle, then find the idle channel of 40MHz, by that analogy, finally just consider the channel of single 20MHz.This method needs to consider the quality of channel own and surrounding channel idle two kinds of factors simultaneously.
(3) document [7] summarizes the future developing trend of high-speed railway radio communication key technology, and proposes as railer provides railer's wireless communication system based on WiFi.Existing high speed passenger train is the WiFi system based on 802.11n agreement in novel motor train unit (totally 4 joint compartments) deploy, often save compartment and all have respective gateway node, steady job is on non-conterminous 40MHz channel (as Fig. 2).This deployment way can be deployed in the few novel motor train unit of compartment number with the interference of less adjacent frequency.
In above-mentioned prior art (1), when calculating interfering signal power, the transmitted power of each interfering AP of direct use, there is no the signal intensity attenuation considering to produce due to physical distance, and speed train cars junction car door has larger attenuation to interference signal, and be not suitable for scene of the present invention; When allocated channel, all channel numbers all can be used to distribute to AP and use, and do not accomplish good isolation, disturb larger with frequency and adjacent frequency between channel; Relative to 802.11ac agreement, the number of channel of 802.11b consensus standard is less, and non-overlapped channel number is less.In addition, 802.11b only has the channel width of 20MHz, and compared to 802.11ac, channel width is selected dumb; Only for when there being the AP newly added in network, selecting its best effort channel, but not considering that new AP adds the impact other having been activated to AP, again overall network not planned; This channel allocation technique belongs to the static channel allocation scheme of home network, and for different traffic carrying capacitys and channel condition, under not considering different operating bandwidth, channel assignment scheme is for the impact of throughput of system performance.
In above-mentioned prior art (2), there is time delay in redistributing of channel, and the Link State of institute's foundation may exist expired problem; When channel switches, need the STA connected to disconnect, so very easily cause the problems such as access instability, service disconnection and loss of data.
In above-mentioned prior art (3), along with marshalling the increasing of compartment number, in order often to save compartment, independently to dispose gateway cost higher; For cost-saving, reduce gateway deployment number, need to introduce wired connection cable between the cars, and wired connection cable is not easy to bullet train and automatically organizes into groups; The correlation technique of 802.11n agreement possibly cannot meet the online demand of intensive user in compartment, this deployment scheme is only applicable to the less situation of railway car number, if compartment increased number, frequency point allocation also can be thereupon intensive, can cause with frequency and the aggravation of adjacent frequency disturbed condition.
List of references
[1]ETSIstandardEN301893V1.7.0,BroadbandRadioAccessNetworks(BRAN)；5GHzhighperformanceRLAN；HarmonizedENcoveringtheessentialrequirementsofarticle3.2oftheR&TTEDirective,2012.
[2]L.Georgiadis,M.Neely,andL.Tassiulas,Resourceallocationandcrosslayercontrolinwirelessnetworks,FoundationsandTrendsinNetworking,vol.1,no.1,pp.1-144,Apr.2006
[3]VivekShrivastava,DheerajAgrawal,AruneshMishra,SumanBanerjeeandTamerNadeem.UnderstandingthelimitationsoftransmitpowercontrolforindoorWLANs.InProc.ACMIMC,SanDiego,USA,October2007.
[4]DolińskaI.,MasiukiewiczA.,
G.,ChannelSelectioninHome802.11StandardNetworks,The10thInternationalConferenceonDigitalTechnologies,pp.57-63,978-1-4799-3303-7/14/
[5]CarlosGandarillas.Carlos
Dynamic,Transmit-PowerControlforWiFiAccessPointsBasedonWirelessLinkOccupancy,IEEEWirelessCommunicationsandNetworkingConferrence,Track1(PHYandFundamentals),2014
[6] poplar is suitable. Tian Wenlong, and based on the channel binding mechanism of IEEE802.11ac, laser magazine, 2014:35 (8): 46-48
[7] Fang Xuming, Cui Yaping, Yan Li, Song Hao, the evolution of high-speed rail mobile communication system key technology and development, electronics and information journal, 2015,37 (1): 226-235
Summary of the invention
In view of the above existing program of statement or the deficiency of correlation technique, the present invention is directed to the special screne (but being not limited to this scene) of train WiFi, propose a kind of channel selecting method based on 802.11ac agreement, formulate channel assignment scheme according to parameters such as disposing between the number of AP, AP physical distance, available channel number, transmitted power size, working channel amount of bandwidth.
According to China to three of 5GHz frequency range planning, total bandwidth available is 580MHz.Consider that situation supported by physical device, the present invention will carry out the channel allocation of railway car WiFi system on 5150 ~ 5350MHz, 5725 ~ 5850MHz frequency band (as Fig. 3).As shown in table 1.
Table 1 is the channel number under different bandwidth.
| Channel width | 20MHz | 40MHz | 80MHz |
| Channel number | 15 | 7 | 3 |
On these two sections of frequency bands, the available channel number under different channels bandwidth, only has 15 not overlapped channels (20MHz) at the most.And the network configuration of the railway car WiFi system shown in Fig. 4, the total frequency points of required distribution reaches 15, belongs to the intensive WiFi network of AP.Therefore reasonable distribution need be carried out to each AP and the right working channel of relaying, farthest reduce with frequently and adjacent frequency disturb, elevator system throughput.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
A kind of train radio network channel distribution method, for providing Channel assignment on the train communication equipment of the WiFi system based on 802.11ac agreement of selected deployment, formulate channel assignment scheme according to parameters such as disposing between the number of AP, AP physical distance, available channel number, transmitted power size, working channel amount of bandwidth, comprise following step:
(1) according to the geographical position of AP, as from headstock to the tailstock, be followed successively by each AP and number.And all AP are joined in the AP set A of channel to be allocated.Then be the identical working channel of all AP initialization, and calculate total interference that each AP is subject to, as the interference weight of each AP;
(2) according to the interference weight of each AP, the AP in set A to be allocated is sorted, choose the AP node that interference is maximum, set its priority the highest.For the AP that interference weight is equal, then choose AP sequence number minimum, set its priority the highest;
(3) the highest to priority AP, calculate it when being operated in any available channel, the same frequency received and the total interference value of adjacent frequency, be subject to the minimum channel allocation of total interference to this AP as its working channel, and transferred to from set A to be allocated by this AP and distribute set Q; If in set to be allocated, still have surplus element, then repeat (2), otherwise, perform (4).
(4) if the interference weight of each AP tends towards stability in system, then method terminates; Otherwise, empty and distribute set Q, all AP are joined in set A to be allocated, and repeats (2).
The integral way that the deployment employing AP of the train WiFi system of the technical program and via node combine.Adopt following mode determination Wireless Communication Equipment physical location:
(1) dispose gateway and vehicle-ground wireless communication equipment in train central authorities, be responsible for communicating between train with ground base station;
(2) often save compartment and dispose 1 ~ 2 AP, be responsible for the access demand of carrying compartment internal user;
(3) take wireless relay to carrying out wireless connections between compartment, error correction amplification forwarding is carried out to signal;
(4) AP in compartment and pass through wired connection between compartment relaying.
Method for channel allocation of the present invention is based on 802.11ac standard, can according to the parameter such as different numbers, available channel number, transmitted power size, working channel amount of bandwidth of the AP disposed, minimum model is disturbed to formulate channel assignment scheme, for each AP and relaying are to carrying out channel allocation according to frequency and adjacent frequency.Core methed flow process as shown in Figure 5, according to the standard channel selecting disturbed condition minimum, is often taken turns after distributing all AP and via node working channel, to disturbing the channel allocation of maximum node again to optimize in system, until method is stablized.
When train WiFi system is disposed, adopt wireless relay nodes to carry out wireless connections between compartment, be convenient to compartment like this and automatically organize into groups.
When train WiFi system is disposed, also consider the concurrent storm problem of opposing access, the present invention also can introduce two AP and dispose, and carries out the adjustment of relevant work bandwidth sum working channel.
Before WiFi system is disposed on the spot, according to the relevant parameter of real network, for each AP and relaying are to formulation channel assignment scheme.In solution formulation and after implementing, no longer each AP and the right working channel of relaying and channel width are adjusted.Like this, while not needing extra master controller, can effectively avoid channel adjustment frequently and the time delay brought and user access the problems such as unstable.
When carrying out frequency point allocation, based on 802.11ac agreement, more channel and bandwidth of operation (20MHz/40MHz/80MHz/160MHz) can be provided to select, and by selecting " non-overlapped " channel (under the 20MHz bandwidth of such as Fig. 1, select No. 36 channels and No. 40 channels) carry out good channel isolation at frequency domain, reduce the overlapping degree of adjacent channel, and then reduce adjacent frequency interference.
For cost-saving, reduce and dispose difficulty, at train, central authorities dispose a gateway transmitting-receiving node and vehicle-ground wireless communication equipment, often save interior and dispose 1 ~ 2 AP, provide the coverage of maximum about 35m, to meet the access demand often saving interior user.For meeting the demand that railroad train is organized into groups automatically, introducing wireless relay, realizing wireless connections by between compartment.Simultaneously in the technical program, each AP is identical with the bandwidth of operation of via node, only distinguishes the transmitted power of AP and via node according to respective coverage requirement.The present invention only disposes gateway and vehicle-ground wireless communication equipment in train central authorities, often saves compartment and disposes 1 ~ 2 AP, adopt wireless relay to carry out wireless connections between compartment, and the AP often in joint compartment and the relaying in this compartment adopt wired connection.First, the lower deployment cost of train WiFi system is which decreased; Secondly, be convenient to train and automatically organize into groups.
The present invention is based on 802.11ac agreement, compared to 802.11n, its bandwidth selection is more flexible, and channel number is more.When carrying out train WiFi deployment, by rational Channel Physical isolation by distance and the isolation of frequency domain frequency, can more effectively reduce with frequency and adjacent frequency interference.
The present invention is before the real work of train WiFi system, consider channel width and transmitted power to the impact of systematic function, the working channel that can require each AP and via node according to different available channel number, transmitted power etc., channel width carries out allocation optimum, to make the disturbed condition of integral train WiFi system minimum, throughput of system is the highest.
In the present invention, once the working channel of each AP of train WiFi system and via node, the parameter such as channel width and transmitted power is determined and after carrying out actual deployment, each system parameters is no longer changed, avoid it frequently to switch the terminal use caused and access instability, service terminal, the decline of the user experience quality that handover delay brings.
In the present invention, when carrying out train WiFi system channel and selecting, consider the sequential of train WiFi system real work, consider that the new AP that activates is on the impact activating AP, and after each takes turns optimization, the AP the poorest to disturbed condition in system is optimized again, after all AP all activate, and channel deployment scheme when choosing method is stablized.
The present invention is in above-mentioned bullet train deployment scheme, between railway car, via node is little due to coverage requirement, can adopt the short-range communication standard devices such as 802.11ad, further elevator system performance, reduce interference level between system cars, improve throughput of system.
Accompanying drawing is described as follows:
Fig. 1 is that the home network schematic diagram in technical background (1) is disposed based on train WiFi system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that certain bullet train WiFi in technical background (3) disposes.
Fig. 3 is the planning of China 5GHz frequency spectrum.
Fig. 4 disposes based on train WiFi system of the present invention
Fig. 5 often takes turns channel arrangement method in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.Specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
To lay down a definition explanation for the method for channel allocation of embodiment to the train WiFi system proposed in the present invention with the train WiFi system based on 802.11ac below.For convenience of describing content of the present invention clearly, for 8 joint train marshalling list, often 2 AP are disposed in joint compartment is that embodiment illustrates, as shown in Figure 3.The mode that the integral deployment employing AP of train WiFi system and wireless relay nodes combine.For cost-saving, reduce and dispose difficulty, at train, central authorities dispose a gateway transmitting-receiving node and train-ground communication equipment, and each interior disposes the coverage that 2 AP provide maximum 35m, can meet the access demand of interior user.For meeting the demand that railroad train is organized into groups automatically, introduce wireless relay by AP wireless connections between compartment.In the present invention simultaneously, each AP is identical with the bandwidth of operation of wireless relay nodes, only distinguishes the transmitted power of AP and wireless relay nodes according to respective coverage requirement.
In order to consider the attenuation to useful signal and interference signal of propagation channel between AP, the adjacent frequency suffered by single AP of train WiFi system and adopting with total interference model frequently:
Wherein:
I
mi: during node m configurating channel i, suffered same frequency and adjacent frequency are always disturbed;
RSSI
km: node m receives the signal strength signal intensity of interfering nodes k;
COIC
ij: during node m configurating channel i and interfering nodes k configurating channel j time channel overlap interference factor;
K: interfering nodes sum.
Concrete channel allocation is as follows:
(1) according to the geographical position (as from headstock to the tailstock) of AP, be followed successively by each AP and number.And all AP are joined in the AP set A of channel to be allocated.Then be the identical working channel of all AP initialization, and calculate total interference that each AP is subject to, as the interference weight of each AP;
(2) according to the interference weight of each AP, the AP in set A to be allocated is sorted, choose the AP node that interference is maximum, set its priority the highest.For the AP that interference weight is equal, then choose AP sequence number minimum, set its priority the highest.
(3) be AP that priority is the highest, calculate it when being operated in any available channel, the same frequency received and the total interference value of adjacent frequency, be subject to the minimum channel allocation of total interference to this AP as its working channel, and transferred to from set A to be allocated by this AP and distribute set Q.If in set to be allocated, still have surplus element, then repeat (2), otherwise, perform (4).
(4) if the interference weight of each AP tends towards stability in system, then method terminates; Otherwise, empty and distribute set Q, all AP are joined in set A to be allocated, and repeats (2).
Adopt basic scheme of the present invention; when reality is implemented; the working channel that can require each AP and via node according to different available channel number, transmitted power etc.; channel width derives multiple different allocative decision; in every case be the technical scheme according to invention and inventive concept thereof; be equal to and replace and change, be all considered to belong to the protection range of the claim of invention.
Claims (4)
1. a train radio network channel distribution method, for providing Channel assignment on the train communication equipment of the WiFi system based on IEEE802.11ac agreement of selected deployment, according to disposing physical distance between the number of AP, AP, available channel number, transmitted power size, working channel amount of bandwidth parameter formulate channel assignment scheme, comprises following step:
(1) according to the geographical position of AP, as from headstock to the tailstock, be followed successively by each AP and number.And all AP are joined in the AP set A of channel to be allocated; Then, be the working channel that all AP initialization are identical, and calculate total interference that each AP is subject to, as the interference weight of each AP;
(2) according to the interference weight of each AP, the AP in set A to be allocated is sorted, choose the AP node that interference is maximum, set its priority the highest; For the AP that interference weight is equal, then choose AP sequence number minimum, set its priority the highest;
(3) the highest to priority AP, calculate it when being operated in any available channel, the same frequency received and the total interference value of adjacent frequency, be subject to the minimum channel allocation of total interference to this AP as its working channel, and transferred to from set A to be allocated by this AP and distribute set Q; If still have surplus element in set to be allocated, then repeat (2), otherwise, perform (4);
(4) if the interference weight of each AP tends towards stability in system, then method terminates; Otherwise, empty and distribute set Q, all AP are joined in set A to be allocated, and repeats (2).
2. train radio network channel distribution method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, total interference that each AP is subject to, and namely the same frequency of single AP other AP suffered and adjacent frequency are always disturbed and be characterized by:
Wherein:
I
mi: during node m configurating channel i, suffered same frequency and adjacent frequency are always disturbed;
RSSI
km: node m receives the signal strength signal intensity of interfering nodes k;
COIC
ij: during node m configurating channel i and interfering nodes k configurating channel j time channel overlap interference factor;
K: interfering nodes sum.
3. train radio network channel distribution method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the selected deployment of described equipment refers to by following mode determination Wireless Communication Equipment physical location:
(1) dispose gateway and vehicle-ground wireless communication equipment in train central authorities, be responsible for communicating between train with ground base station;
(2) often save compartment and dispose 1 ~ 2 AP, be responsible for the access demand of carrying compartment internal user;
(3) take wireless relay to carrying out wireless connections between compartment, error correction amplification forwarding is carried out to signal;
(4) AP in compartment and pass through wired connection between compartment relaying.
4. train WiFi system channel distribution method according to claim 1, its feature is: described wireless network, except based on except the WiFi of 802.11ac and the special screne of train WiFi, be also applicable to the channel allocation based on the Wireless Heterogeneous Networks of 802.11 agreements, radio sensing network, wireless personal area network.
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| CN112074014A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-11 | 北京升哲科技有限公司 | Channel selection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN113453239A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Channel resource allocation method and system, storage medium and electronic device |
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