CN105355867A - Hard carbon negative electrode material for high-performance lithium ion power battery, and preparation method and application of hard carbon negative electrode material - Google Patents
Hard carbon negative electrode material for high-performance lithium ion power battery, and preparation method and application of hard carbon negative electrode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105355867A CN105355867A CN201510682587.3A CN201510682587A CN105355867A CN 105355867 A CN105355867 A CN 105355867A CN 201510682587 A CN201510682587 A CN 201510682587A CN 105355867 A CN105355867 A CN 105355867A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a hard carbon negative electrode material for a high-performance lithium ion power battery, and a preparation method and application of the hard carbon negative electrode material, belonging to the field of electrochemistry. The hard carbon negative electrode material disclosed by the invention is doped with phosphorus, the mass ratio of a phosphorus precursor to a hard carbon precursor is (8-11):6, the hard carbon precursor is phenolic resin, the phosphorus precursor is phosphoric acid, and the particle size of the hard carbon negative electrode material ranges from 10 to 50 micrometers. The rate performance of the hard carbon negative electrode material disclosed by the invention is obviously improved, and the hard carbon negative electrode material has wide research prospect in the field of actual application of the power battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical field, particularly a kind of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, its preparation method and application thereof.
Background technology
Graphite cathode material specific capacity reaches the limit of, can not meet lasting large current discharging capability etc. required by large-sized power battery.Therefore industry also starts sight to be invested non-graphite material, such as hard carbon and other non-carbon material.Hard carbon cathode material has the plurality of advantages such as fast charging and discharging performance apparently higher than the specific capacity of graphite negative electrodes material, stable cycle performance and excellence, and the hard carbon material therefore developing high magnification capacity becomes the study hotspot in this field.
Scientific research personnel is is researching and developing new lithium cell cathode material.The patent of invention that publication number is " CN102820455 " discloses a kind of lithium ion battery hard carbon cathode material and preparation method thereof.In this invention, be doped with silicon and phosphorus in described hard carbon cathode material, silicon precursor: phosphorus presoma: the mass ratio of hard carbon presoma is 1:0.1-5:5-30.This negative material significantly improves the discharge capacity first (reaching 550.8mAh/g) of negative material, first charge-discharge efficiency (reaching 80.9%) and coulombic efficiency first, and significantly reduces irreversible capacity.
Development of new hard carbon cathode material is this area urgent problem to promote battery performance further.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, its preparation method and application thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, be doped with phosphorus in described hard carbon cathode material, the mass ratio of phosphorus presoma and hard carbon presoma is 8-11:6, and described hard carbon presoma is phenolic resins, and described phosphorus presoma is phosphoric acid; The particle size range of described hard carbon cathode material is 10-50 micron.
Preferably, the mass ratio of phosphorus presoma and hard carbon presoma is 9-10:6.
The preparation method of described high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, comprise step: phenolic resins is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, phosphoric acid is added in filtrate, then the ethanol in filtrate is dried and remove, gained solid sample is placed in tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 0.5-10 DEG C/min, charing 1-10h is carried out under 800-1500 °, sample after charing in ball mill with 300-800r/min ball milling 5-10h, then cross 200-600 mesh sieve, obtain hard carbon cathode material.
Preferably, the preparation method of described high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, carbonization temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and carbonization time is 3-5h.
Preferably, the preparation method of described high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, the sample after charing in ball mill with 500-600r/min ball milling 6-7h.
The application of described high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material in lithium cell cathode material.
Described high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, as the application process of cathode of lithium battery, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) prepare some Copper Foils, Copper Foil is placed in dilute hydrochloric acid solution ultrasonic cleaning 3-5min, then Copper Foil is placed in acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning 3-5min; From acetone soln, take out Copper Foil, use deionized water and alcohol washes respectively, drying is weighed;
2) take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as the polyvinylidene fluoride solution that solvent configures 80-200mg/mL, be 90-95:1-3:2-8 mixing in mass ratio by hard carbon cathode material, carbon black, polyvinylidene fluoride, grinding makes it mix, and prepares electrode slurry;
3) electrode slurry of preparation is uniformly coated on the Copper Foil processed, vacuumize at 100-120 DEG C, obtained electrode slice;
4) with the Copper Foil processed, the electrode slice prepared by step 3) is encased up and down, be put in smooth, rigidity, clean mould, make type at the pressure of 8-12Mpa, then in the glove box of applying argon gas, assemble button half-cell.
Preferably, described high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material is as the application process of cathode of lithium battery, and in step 1), the diameter of Copper Foil is 8mm, and thickness is 10-20 micron.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The preparation method of hard carbon cathode material of the present invention is simple, and mild condition is controlled.The hard carbon cathode material of preparation, chemical property is good.Hard carbon cathode material is as ion cathode material lithium, and high rate performance significantly improves, and has Research Prospects widely in electrokinetic cell practical application area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the embodiment of the present invention 4 gained hard carbon cathode material;
Fig. 2 is comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and the embodiment 4 gained negative material cycle performance curve chart as battery during cathode of lithium battery;
Fig. 3 is the high rate performance curve of the embodiment of the present invention 4 gained hard carbon cathode material.
Embodiment
Comparative example 1
Take 30g phenolic resins stirring and dissolving in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, under the condition stirred, in filtrate, add 30g phosphoric acid; Dry in 80 ° of C baking ovens.Dried sample is put into tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, at 1200 DEG C, carries out charing 5h, the sample after charing with 800r/min ball milling 5h, is then crossed 600 mesh sieves, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.
Comparative example 2
Take 30g phenolic resins stirring and dissolving in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, under the condition stirred, in filtrate, add 10g phosphoric acid; Dry in 80 ° of C baking ovens.Dried sample is put into tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, at 1200 DEG C, carries out charing 5h, the sample after charing with 800r/min ball milling 5h, is then crossed 600 mesh sieves, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.
Embodiment 1
Take 30g phenolic resins stirring and dissolving in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, under the condition stirred, in filtrate, add 40g phosphoric acid; Dry in 50 ° of C baking ovens.Dried sample is put into tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, at 800 DEG C, carries out charing 8h, the sample after charing with 300r/min ball milling 8h, is then crossed 300 mesh sieves, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.
Embodiment 2
Take 30g phenolic resins stirring and dissolving in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, under the condition stirred, in filtrate, add 55g phosphoric acid; Dry in 80 ° of C baking ovens.Dried sample is put into tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, at 1000 DEG C, carries out charing 5h, the sample after charing with 400r/min ball milling 6h, is then crossed 400 mesh sieves, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.
Embodiment 3
Take 30g phenolic resins stirring and dissolving in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, under the condition stirred, in filtrate, add 45g phosphoric acid; Dry in 80 ° of C baking ovens.Dried sample is put into tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, at 1200 DEG C, carries out charing 5h, the sample after charing with 800r/min ball milling 5h, is then crossed 600 mesh sieves, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.
Embodiment 4
Take 30g phenolic resins stirring and dissolving in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, under the condition stirred, in filtrate, add 43g phosphoric acid; Dry in 80 ° of C baking ovens.Dried sample is put into tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, at 1000 DEG C, carries out charing 5h, the sample after charing with 400r/min ball milling 10h, is then crossed 400 mesh sieves, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.The SEM figure of gained hard carbon cathode material as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 5
1) prepare diameter be 8mm, thickness be 15um Copper Foil several; Copper Foil is placed in dilute hydrochloric acid solution ultrasonic cleaning 3-5min, then Copper Foil is placed in acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning 3-5min; From acetone soln, take out Copper Foil, use deionized water and alcohol washes respectively, then dry, weigh;
2) take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as the polyvinylidene fluoride solution that solvent configures 100mg/mL, be 93:2:5 mixing in mass ratio by hard carbon cathode material, carbon black, polyvinylidene fluoride, grinding makes it mix, and prepares electrode slurry;
3) electrode slurry of preparation is uniformly coated on the Copper Foil processed, vacuumize 24h at 110 DEG C, obtained electrode slice;
4) with the Copper Foil processed, the electrode slice prepared by step 3) is encased up and down, be put in smooth, rigidity, clean mould, make type at the pressure of 10Mpa, then in the glove box of applying argon gas, assemble button half-cell.
Lithium battery is made respectively with comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and embodiment 4 gained hard carbon cathode material; Utilize LAND battery test system, with the multiplying power of 1C, charge-discharge performance test (result as shown in Figure 2) is carried out to three batteries, compared for the battery performance of the hard carbon cathode material of comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and embodiment 4 under same test condition, as can be seen from the figure, the hard carbon cathode material of embodiment 4 is under 1C multiplying power after 50 circulations, and capacity is 273mAhg
-1, efficiency is 75.45% first; And the hard carbon cathode material of comparative example 1 under 1C multiplying power 50 times circulation after, capacity is 239mAhg
-1, efficiency is 61.42% first; The hard carbon cathode material of comparative example 2 is under 1C multiplying power after 50 circulations, and capacity is 234mAhg
-1, efficiency is 69.45% first.Therefore, gained hard carbon cathode material of the present invention has better capacity retention energy and coulombic efficiency.
Fig. 3 be embodiment 4 gained hard carbon cathode material different multiplying performance curve.As can be seen from the figure this hard carbon cathode material under the multiplying power of 1C through 100 times circulation after capacity be 257mAhg
-1, under the multiplying power of 2C, after 200 circulations, capacity is 235mAhg
-1, under the multiplying power of 5C, after 225 circulations, capacity is 189mAhg
-1, compared with conventional graphite negative material, there is better high rate charge-discharge performance, be applicable to being applied to power battery cathode material.
Claims (8)
1. a high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, it is characterized in that: in described hard carbon cathode material, be doped with phosphorus, the mass ratio of phosphorus presoma and hard carbon presoma is 8-11:6, and described hard carbon presoma is phenolic resins, and described phosphorus presoma is phosphoric acid; The particle size range of described hard carbon cathode material is 10-50 micron.
2. high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of phosphorus presoma and hard carbon presoma is 9-10:6.
3. the preparation method of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise step: phenolic resins is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, filter out impurities, phosphoric acid is added in filtrate, then the ethanol in filtrate is dried and remove, gained solid sample is placed in tube furnace, under an argon atmosphere with the heating rate of 0.5-10 DEG C/min, charing 1-10h is carried out under 800-1500 °, sample after charing with 300-800r/min ball milling 5-10h, is then crossed 200-600 mesh sieve, is obtained hard carbon cathode material in ball mill.
4. the preparation method of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: carbonization temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, carbonization time is 3-5h.
5. the preparation method of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the sample after charing in ball mill with 500-600r/min ball milling 6-7h.
6. the application of high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material in lithium cell cathode material as claimed in claim 1.
7. high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, as the application process of cathode of lithium battery, is characterized in that as claimed in claim 1, comprises step:
1) prepare some Copper Foils, Copper Foil is placed in dilute hydrochloric acid solution ultrasonic cleaning 3-5min, then Copper Foil is placed in acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning 3-5min; From acetone soln, take out Copper Foil, use deionized water and alcohol washes respectively, drying is weighed;
2) take 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE as the polyvinylidene fluoride solution that solvent configures 80-200mg/mL, be 90-95:1-3:2-8 mixing in mass ratio by hard carbon cathode material, carbon black, polyvinylidene fluoride, grinding makes it mix, and prepares electrode slurry;
3) electrode slurry of preparation is uniformly coated on the Copper Foil processed, vacuumize at 100-120 DEG C, obtained electrode slice;
4) with the Copper Foil processed, the electrode slice prepared by step 3) is encased up and down, be put in smooth, rigidity, clean mould, make type at the pressure of 8-12Mpa, then in the glove box of applying argon gas, assemble button half-cell.
8. high-performance lithium ion electrokinetic cell hard carbon cathode material, as the application process of cathode of lithium battery, is characterized in that as claimed in claim 7: in step 1), the diameter of Copper Foil is 8mm, and thickness is 10-20 micron.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108899542A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江众泰汽车制造有限公司 | A kind of hard carbon cathode material, preparation method and application |
| CN108963260A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-07 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of lithium battery hard carbon composite negative pole material |
| CN114430038A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-03 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Fast-charging hard carbon negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108899542A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江众泰汽车制造有限公司 | A kind of hard carbon cathode material, preparation method and application |
| CN108963260A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-07 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of lithium battery hard carbon composite negative pole material |
| CN114430038A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-03 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Fast-charging hard carbon negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114430038B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-10-20 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Quick-charging hard carbon anode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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