CN105351442B - A Composite Inertia and Rubber Shock Absorber with Broadband Damping Performance - Google Patents

Abstract

An inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance, including a base connected to the foundation, a rubber-metal composite part, a top cover connected to mechanical equipment, and ball screw inerter components, etc., the ball screw inerter The components are placed inside the rubber-metal composite part and form a parallel support with it, including bolt A, rolling bearing, bolt B, bearing upper cover, rotating flywheel, lead screw nut, lead screw bolt, wherein the lead screw bolt and the lead screw nut pass through The balls form a rolling helical pair, and the rotating flywheel and bearings are sequentially set outward along the screw nut, wherein the inner ring of the bearing is set between the rotating flywheel and the screw nut, and the outer ring is set between the base and the upper cover plate of the bearing. In the present invention, the ball screw inerter assembly with excellent low-frequency vibration damping performance is placed inside the rubber-metal composite part and forms a parallel support with it. The structure is compact and has wide-band vibration damping performance, especially for low-frequency vibrations such as the moment of start-stop of the control equipment, and the swing of the support foundation. Vibration effect is remarkable.

Description

A Composite Inertia and Rubber Shock Absorber with Broadband Damping Performance

technical field

The invention relates to a vibration reduction and noise reduction component, in particular to an inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration reduction performance, belonging to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction.

Background technique

Mechanical equipment will inevitably vibrate during operation, and an important method to control vibration is vibration isolation. In recent years, the vibration isolation technology of mechanical equipment has been developed to a certain extent, and most of them are single-layer vibration isolation, double-layer vibration isolation and floating raft vibration isolation. However, no matter what kind of vibration isolation method, the simplest vibration isolator is used as the basic device. There are many kinds of vibration isolators, such as rubber vibration isolator, spring vibration isolator and air vibration isolator. Among them, the rubber isolator is the most used, but the rubber isolator has many unavoidable shortcomings, such as the static compression of the rubber isolator should not be too large, and the vibration damping effect of the low frequency (such as below 10Hz) is not good. ideal etc. Therefore, rubber vibration isolators are not suitable for vibration isolation of mechanical equipment dominated by low-frequency excitation.

The application number is 201510094130.0, and the invention patent titled "Rubber Vibration Isolator for Rail Transit Floating Slab Track Bed Vibration Isolation System" discloses a rubber vibration isolator for rail traffic floating slab track bed vibration isolation system. It includes the upper cover plate, upper iron parts, rubber parts, lower iron parts, lower seat plate, iron core, limit bolts and locking screw plugs; the iron core is set in the rubber parts and vulcanized into one with the rubber parts to improve the rubber The stiffness and strength of the vibration isolator in all directions are improved, and the bearing capacity and fatigue resistance are improved. However, the rubber vibration isolation method in this invention patent is the same as the principle of ordinary rubber vibration isolators, and the vibration reduction effect on low-frequency vibration is not obvious.

The application number is 201220527293.5, and the utility model patent titled "An Integrative Shock Absorber Device with Inerter and Damping Coaxial in Series" discloses an integrated shock absorber device in which the Inerter and damping are in series. On the piston rod of the traditional damping shock absorber, the ball screw inerter working chamber is coaxially integrated. This structure designs the inerter element and damping element in series as an equivalent new shock absorber device. It solves the space arrangement problem of the inerter and the damping series in the passive mechanical network structure of the vehicle suspension, and has the characteristics of improving reliability and saving energy. However, since the vibration damping device is a series system of the inerter element and the damping element, the vibration isolation mainly depends on absorbing and consuming the energy generated by the vibration through the elastic deformation of the rubber parts, and the vibration isolation capability is limited. When the interference frequency is lower than 10Hz, the rubber parts are difficult to produce effective vibration isolation due to the limitation of their own physical properties. These defects will directly affect the stability of the working state of the equipment and affect the application range of rubber vibration isolators.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems and defects of the low-frequency vibration isolation ability of the rubber vibration isolator mentioned above, and improve the vibration damping effect of the medium and high frequencies at the same time, and provide a kind of inertial and rubber composite vibration damper with broadband vibration damping performance.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention realizes the purpose and takes is:

An inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance, including a base 5 connected to the foundation, a rubber-metal composite 8, a top cover 10 connected to mechanical equipment 19, and a ball screw inertial container assembly; its characteristics That is: the ball screw container assembly includes bolt A3, rolling bearing 4, bolt B7, bearing upper cover plate 9, rotating flywheel 11, screw nut 15 and screw bolt 17; wherein the middle part of the screw bolt 17 is provided with A section of screw thread for placing the ball 18, the upper and lower ends of the screw thread extend to be provided with a polished rod section and a common thread section respectively, and the polished rod section at the upper end of the screw bolt 17 passes through the top cover 10 successively from bottom to top to set Some central holes and installation holes of mechanical equipment 19 are fixedly connected with the common threaded section at the upper end of the screw bolt 17 by using a large nut 13, and the polished rod section at the lower end of the screw bolt 17 passes through the central hole provided by the base 5. The bolt chassis 1 is fixedly connected with the ordinary threaded section at the lower end of the screw bolt 17, and the screw thread in the middle of the screw bolt 17 is inserted into the screw nut 15 with a flange at the lower end through the ball 18 placed on the screw screw thread in the middle of the screw screw bolt 17. The rotating flywheel 11 and the rolling bearing 4 whose outer circle is a stepped cylinder with large, medium and small diameters are sequentially set outward on the 15, wherein the screw nut 15 adopts the above-mentioned The bolt A3 is connected with the rotating flywheel 11; the inner ring of the rolling bearing 4 is embedded in the groove formed between the small-diameter outer circle of the rotating flywheel 11 and the flange of the screw nut 15, and the outer ring is embedded in the In the large step hole provided on the base 5, the bearing upper cover plate 9 is provided on the same level end surface of the base 5 and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 4; several holes are evenly arranged on the bearing upper cover plate 9, and the The bolt B7 is connected with the base 5; the rubber-metal composite part 8 is a truncated conical member with a conical central hole, and is fitted on the outer conical surface of the base 5 through the conical central hole. The rubber-metal composite part The outer cone of 8 is inserted in the conical counterbore that the top cover 10 is provided with.

The polished rod section at the upper end of the threaded screw bolt 17 passes through the center hole of the top cover 10 and the installation hole of the mechanical equipment 19 from bottom to top, and there are gaskets A12 and B14 respectively at both ends.

A rubber piece 2 is also inlaid between the polished rod section at the lower end of the screw bolt 17 and the center hole of the base 5 .

The upper end of the screw bolt 17 is also provided with a dustproof cap 16 .

The number of said several holes is 6.

The middle screw thread section of the screw bolt 17 and the thread surface of the inner hole of the screw nut 15 are also coated with a wear-resistant and anti-corrosion protective layer.

The balls 18 are high-strength metal balls or wear-resistant non-metal balls, the high-strength metal balls are zirconium balls or 30Cr balls, and the wear-resistant non-metal balls are ceramic balls or carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite balls.

The base 5 is provided with a flange at the lower end of the outer circle, and the flange is provided with a number of bolt holes 6 for connecting with the foundation. The frustum of a stepped counterbore.

In specific implementation, the rotating flywheel 11 and the screw nut 15 can be combined into one integral part for manufacture.

Working principle: When the vibration isolator is disturbed by the mechanical equipment 19, the top cover will drive the screw bolt 17 to move up and down together, so that the screw nut 15 drives the rotating flywheel 11 to move together, and the rotating flywheel 11 stored rotational energy It is related to the moment of inertia J and the rotational angular velocity ω of the rotating flywheel 11, and is proportional to its moment of inertia and to the square of the rotational angular velocity. And the rotational angular velocity of the rotating flywheel 11 The pitch p of the screw bolt 17 and the relative speed of the screw bolt 17 related. The higher the vibration frequency is, the higher the rotational angular velocity of the rotating flywheel 11 is, and the more rotational kinetic energy is stored in the rotating flywheel 11 . By changing the moment of inertia of the rotating flywheel 11 and the pitch of the lead screw bolt 17, the ability of the rotating flywheel 11 to store rotational kinetic energy can be adjusted. In the case of a certain mass of the rotating flywheel 11, its moment of inertia should be increased as much as possible to improve its storage capacity. . For the rotating flywheel 11 rotating at high speed, since the kinetic energy of the rotating motion is hundreds of times of the translational kinetic energy generated when it vibrates, the rotating flywheel 11 with a smaller mass can greatly absorb the energy of vibration, especially the low-frequency vibration. generated energy. Therefore, the inerter plays a role of mass amplification to some extent, and the rotating flywheel 11 of a few kilograms will realize the effect of an equivalent mass of several hundred kilograms or even several tons, thereby effectively absorbing the energy generated by the vibration of the mechanical equipment 19, Especially the energy generated by low frequency vibrations.

At the same time, the elastic potential energy stored in the deformation of the rubber-metal composite 8 It is related to the stiffness k of the rubber-metal composite 8 and the relative displacement Δx between the top cover 10 and the base 5, the greater the relative displacement between the top cover 10 and the base 5, the more elastic potential energy stored in the deformation of the rubber-metal composite 8 , through the internal damping effect of the rubber-metal composite part 8, the elastic potential energy is continuously converted into damping heat energy, thereby consuming the vibration energy. resilience.

The energy absorbed by the inertia composite shock absorber of the present invention is the sum of the elastic potential energy stored by the elastic deformation of the rubber-metal composite part 8 and the rotational kinetic energy stored by the rotating flywheel 11, namely U+E. The low-frequency vibration generated when the mechanical equipment 19 is working, the vibration energy is mainly converted into rotational kinetic energy through the rotation of the rotating flywheel 11; the high-frequency vibration generated when the mechanical equipment 19 is working, the vibration energy is mainly converted into elastic potential energy through the elastic deformation of the rubber-metal composite part 8 , thus greatly improving the damping effect of the shock absorber.

The innovation of this invention is to cleverly use the internal space of ordinary rubber vibration isolators to design a mechanical screw nut inerter structure to absorb low-frequency vibration energy. This mechanical screw nut inerter has a compact structure and good vibration reduction effect , so it has a good development prospect.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the ball screw inerter assembly.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of the top cover.

Figure 4 is a top view of the top cover.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the screw nut.

Fig. 6 is a top view of the screw nut.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the base.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the rotating flywheel.

Fig. 9 is a top view of the rotating flywheel.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the screw bolt.

In the figure: 1 is the bolt chassis, 2 is the rubber part, 3 is the bolt A, 4 is the rolling bearing, 5 is the base, 6 is the bolt hole, 7 is the bolt B, 8 is the rubber-metal composite part, 9 is the upper cover plate of the bearing, 10 is the top cover, 11 is the rotating flywheel, 12 is the gasket A, 13 is the big nut, 14 is the gasket B, 15 is the screw nut, 16 is the dust cap, 17 is the screw bolt, 18 is the ball, 19 for mechanical equipment.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples of implementation, the present invention will be further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific implementation cases described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, it is an inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a base 5 connected to the foundation, a rubber-metal composite 8, and mechanical equipment 19 Connected top cover 10 and ball screw container assembly; it is characterized in that: the ball screw container assembly (see Figure 2) includes bolt A3, rolling bearing 4, bolt B7, bearing upper cover plate 9, rotating flywheel 11 ( See Fig. 8 and Fig. 9), lead screw nut 15 (see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) and lead screw bolt 17; Wherein said lead screw bolt 17 (see Fig. 10) middle part is provided with a section and is used to arrange the pitch of ball 18 as The screw thread of P, the upper and lower ends of the screw thread are respectively provided with a polished rod section and a common thread section in turn, and the polished rod section at the upper end of the screw bolt 17 passes through the top cover 10 from bottom to top successively. The diameter provided is: D1, the central hole (see Figure 3 and Figure 4) with a thickness of H and the installation hole of the mechanical equipment 19 are fixedly connected with the ordinary threaded section at the upper end of the screw bolt 17 by using a large nut 13, and the polished rod section at the lower end of the screw bolt 17 passes through all of them. The central hole (see Fig. 7) provided with the base 5 is fixedly connected with the ordinary threaded section at the lower end of the screw bolt 17 by using the bolt chassis 1, and the screw thread in the middle of the screw bolt 17 is interspersed with the ball 18 placed therein. In the screw nut 15 with a flange at the lower end and a central hole with a diameter of D3 and a pitch of P, the screw nut 15 is sequentially fitted with stepped cylinders with large, medium and small diameters on the outer circle and the center The rotating flywheel 11 with a hole diameter of D6 and the rolling bearing 4, wherein the screw nut 15 uses the bolt A3 with a diameter of D2 to connect with the rotating flywheel 11 through several holes provided on the end surface of the flange. The gap between the rotating flywheel 11 and the top cover 10 is 5-15 mm; the inner ring of the rolling bearing 4 is embedded in the concave hole formed between the small diameter outer circle of the rotating flywheel 11 and the flange of the screw nut 15. In the groove, the outer ring is embedded in the large step hole provided on the base 5, and the bearing upper cover plate 9 is provided on the same level end surface of the base 5 and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 4; A number of holes are evenly arranged, and the bolt B7 is used to connect with the base 5; the rubber-metal composite part 8 is a truncated conical member with a conical central hole, and is set on the base 5 through the conical central hole. On the outer conical surface of the rubber-metal composite part 8, the outer cone of the rubber-metal composite part 8 is inserted into the conical counterbore provided on the top cover 10.

The middle screw thread section of the screw bolt 17 and the thread surface of the inner hole of the screw nut 15 are also coated with a wear-resistant and anti-corrosion protective layer.

The balls 18 are high-strength metal balls or wear-resistant non-metal balls, the high-strength metal balls are zirconium balls or 30Cr balls, and the wear-resistant non-metal balls are ceramic balls or carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite balls.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10 , the polished rod section at the upper end of the screw bolt 17 passes through the center hole of the top cover 10 and the installation hole of the mechanical equipment 19 from bottom to top. Gasket B14.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a rubber part 2 is embedded between the polished rod section at the lower end of the screw bolt 17 and the center hole of the base 5 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , a dustproof cap 16 is provided on the upper end of the screw bolt 17 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , the number of the several holes is 6, and the hole diameter is D5.

As shown in Figure 7, the base 5 is provided with a flange at the lower end of the outer circle, and the flange is provided with 4 bolt holes 6 with a diameter of D4 for connecting with the foundation, which are 1 to 3 mm larger than the diameter of the screw bolt 11. The lower end of the center hole is provided with a counterbore with a diameter greater than the diameter of the bolt chassis 1, and the upper end is provided with a conical body with large, medium and small steps for counterbore, wherein, from top to bottom, the gap between the third step and the bolt A3 is 5 ~8mm.

As shown in Figure 1, the maximum allowable upward vibration displacement of the screw bolt 17 is the vertical distance between the bolt chassis 1 and the base 5, and the maximum downward vibration displacement is the vertical distance between the bolt chassis 1 and the installation foundation , in order to prevent the vibration displacement from being too large and the impulse generated by the vibration not to damage the vibration isolator, the maximum displacement of the up and down vibration should be 2-4 mm during design. Therefore, when installing between the upper end surface of the bolt chassis 1 and the base 5 To keep a gap of 3-6 mm, a gap of 3-6 mm should also be kept during installation between the lower end surface of the bolt chassis 1 and the foundation.

The assembly process is as follows: first install the screw nut 15 and the screw bolt 17, insert the rolling bearing 4 from the top of the screw bolt 17, then insert the bearing upper cover plate 9 from the top of the screw bolt 17, and then insert the rotating flywheel 11 is inserted from the top of the screw bolt 17, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing 4, the rotating flywheel 11 and the screw nut 15 are fixed with 6 bolts A3. Insert the above components into the base 5 on which the rubber part 2 has been installed, and fix the bearing upper cover plate 9 and the base 5 with 6 bolts B7. Put the rubber-metal composite part 8 on the base 5, insert the gasket A12 into the screw bolt 17 and adjust the height of the installation hole of the mechanical equipment 19, install the top cover 10 from the top of the screw bolt 17, and then put the gasket B14 is inserted into the top of the screw bolt 17, then the large nut 13 is screwed into the top of the screw bolt 17, and then the dust cap 16 is put on. Finally, the bolt chassis 1 is screwed into the bottom of the screw bolt 17 and fastened. This structure is more convenient for installation and disassembly.

The working principle of an inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance: when the mechanical equipment 19 works and generates vibration, the rubber-metal composite 8 and the rotating flywheel 11 work simultaneously. Assuming that the top cover 10 produces a displacement Δx due to the vibration of the mechanical device 19, its stored elastic potential energy k is the stiffness of the rubber-metal composite 8 . At the same time, the screw bolt 17 also produces a displacement Δx, and the rotating flywheel 11 is driven by the screw nut 15 to make it rotate. The rotational angular velocity of the screw nut 15 and the rotating flywheel 11 and the pitch p of the screw bolt 17 and the relative speed at both ends of the screw bolt 17 Related, the rotational kinetic energy stored by the rotating flywheel 11 J is the moment of inertia of the rotating flywheel 11 . The energy absorbed by the inertia composite shock absorber during operation is the sum of the elastic potential energy stored by the elastic deformation of the rubber-metal composite part 8 and the rotational kinetic energy stored by the rotating flywheel 11, namely U+E.

Vibration test results show that the energy absorbed by several kilograms of rotating flywheel 11 is equivalent to the energy absorbed by hundreds of kilograms or even several tons of mass translation, that is, the vibration energy of hundreds of kilograms or even several tons of mechanical equipment 19 is very small. A large part is absorbed by the rotating flywheel 11 which is only a few kilograms. Among them, most of the low-frequency vibration energy is absorbed by the rotating flywheel 11, especially the energy generated by the vibration below 10Hz, while the high-frequency vibration energy is absorbed by the rubber-metal composite part 8. The combination of the two has excellent vibration isolation effect, and because Flywheel 11 and rubber-metal composite part 8 are used in parallel, and the disturbing force that each part bears is relatively small, so the service life is also greatly improved.

The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention. Of course, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, any person skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance, including a base (5) connected to the foundation, a rubber-metal composite (8), and a top cover (10) connected to mechanical equipment (19) and ball screw container assembly; it is characterized in that: said ball screw container assembly includes bolt A (3), rolling bearing (4), bolt B (7), bearing upper cover plate (9), rotating flywheel (11 ), lead screw nut (15) and lead screw bolt (17); wherein the middle part of the lead screw bolt (17) is provided with a section of lead screw thread for placing balls (18), and the lead screw thread extends to the upper and lower ends respectively A polished rod section and a common threaded section are provided in turn, and the polished rod section at the upper end of the screw bolt (17) passes through the central hole provided on the top cover (10) and the mounting hole of the mechanical equipment (19) from bottom to top in sequence, using a large The nut (13) is fixedly connected with the ordinary threaded section at the upper end of the screw bolt (17), and the polished rod section at the lower end of the screw bolt (17) passes through the central hole provided with the base (5). The common thread section at the lower end of the screw bolt (17) is fixedly connected, and the ball (18) placed on the screw thread in the middle of the screw bolt (17) is inserted into the screw nut (15) with a flange at the lower end. , the screw nut (15) is sequentially fitted with the rotating flywheel (11) and the rolling bearing (4) whose outer circle is a stepped cylinder with a large, medium and small diameter, wherein the screw nut (15) passes through the convex Several holes provided on the edge end face are connected with the rotating flywheel (11) by the bolt A (3); the inner ring of the rolling bearing (4) is embedded in the small diameter outer circle of the rotating flywheel (11) and In the groove formed between the flanges of the screw nut (15), the outer ring is embedded in the large stepped hole provided on the base (5), and the outer ring of the base (5) and the rolling bearing (4) are The bearing upper cover plate (9) is arranged on the horizontal end surface; several holes are evenly arranged on the bearing upper cover plate (9), and the bolt B (7) is used to connect with the base (5); the rubber metal The composite part (8) is a truncated conical member with a conical central hole, which is set on the outer conical surface of the base (5) through the conical central hole, and the outer conical surface of the rubber-metal composite part (8) is inserted into the The top cover (10) is provided with a tapered counterbore; the upper polished rod section of the screw bolt (17) passes through the center hole of the top cover (10) and the installation hole of the vibration damping device in sequence from bottom to top. Gasket A (12) and gasket B (14) are also provided at the two ends of the two ends respectively; rubber parts (2 ); the upper end of the screw bolt (17) is also provided with a dust cap (16); the screw thread section in the middle of the screw bolt (17) and the inner hole thread surface of the screw nut (15) are also Plated with a wear-resistant and anti-corrosion protective layer. 2. The inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ball (18) is a high-strength metal ball or a wear-resistant non-metallic ball. 3. An inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance according to claim 2, characterized in that: the high-strength metal ball is a zirconium ball or a 30Cr ball. 4. The inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wear-resistant non-metallic balls are ceramic balls or carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material balls. 5. A compound inertial and rubber shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base (5) is provided with a flange at the lower end of the outer circle, and the flange is provided with A number of bolt holes (6) for connecting with the foundation, the lower end of the center hole is provided with a counterbore with a diameter greater than that of the bolt chassis (1), and the upper end is provided with a conical body with large, medium and small steps for counterbore. 6. A kind of inertial and rubber composite shock absorber with broadband vibration damping performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: said screw nut (15) passes through several holes provided on the end surface of the flange The number of holes that are evenly arranged on the upper cover plate (9) of the bearing is 6.