CN105345123A - Double-direction precise hydraulic bar shearing machine and shearing method thereof - Google Patents
Double-direction precise hydraulic bar shearing machine and shearing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105345123A CN105345123A CN201510783561.8A CN201510783561A CN105345123A CN 105345123 A CN105345123 A CN 105345123A CN 201510783561 A CN201510783561 A CN 201510783561A CN 105345123 A CN105345123 A CN 105345123A
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D15/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves
- B23D15/12—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves characterised by drives or gearings therefor
- B23D15/14—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves characterised by drives or gearings therefor actuated by fluid or gas pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D15/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves
- B23D15/02—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves having both upper and lower moving blades
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-direction precise hydraulic bar shearing machine and a shearing method of the machine. At the beginning of shearing, a moon arc notch is cut in the radial left side of a bar, a gap is cut in the hard layer of the radial surface, stress concentration and slight bar lattice slippage are generated, a shear switch issues an order to an oil cylinder immediately, the motion direction is reversed to the leftward movement, a rear cutter shears off the bar along the gap, and for example, when low-carbon steel is shorn, the radial pressure skewness is small, and burrs are few; and if high-carbon alloy steel is shorn, the center portion cannot be torn off. The double-direction precise hydraulic bar shearing machine comprises a sliding block, a front cutter portion, a rear cutter portion, a shear depth adjusting portion and a spring device. The front cutter portion is used for centering and clamping the bar and is mounted on a front lathe, and the front cutter portion comprises a left wedge, a left cutter table, an oil cylinder, a right wedge, a right cutter table, a screw and blades.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sheared blank, a kind of two-way precise hydraulic bar shears and cutting method thereof are provided especially.
Background technology
At present both at home and abroad sheared blank all adopts unidirectional shearing, disposablely cuts off, and shear radial flattenings degree large, cross section out of plumb, burr is large, and special shearing high-carbon alloy steel such as GCr15 (bearing steel) there will be heart portion pressure break or tears.For addressing this problem, current bearing steel all heats rear shearing, and which not only improves the requirement (needing to be equipped with heating furnace) to production equipment, also makes electric consumption remain high (cutter cuts material 1000 tons of power consumptions 200,000 degree); If adopt sawing machine blanking, cutter cut 1000 tons, material then saw kerf loss steel reach more than 40 tons, waste huge.
Present inventor Wang Huai chapter applies for patent of invention on December 26th, 1997, title: bar compound cutting machine and combination shearing method (application number 97119859.4) thereof.This cutting machine adopts machine driving friction clutch, and from 1998 to 2013, successively two units manufactured experimently three, and common problem is, normal temperature is sheared ∮ less than 40 bearing steel and sheared unstable, sometimes occurs that heart portion tears.Inventor is again in application on January 13rd, 2000 utility model patent, and title: " composite precision automatic hydraulic clipping machine ", because mechanical bar compound is cut off, shear the φ 40GG15 heart portion problem of tearing and fail thoroughly to solve, this hydraulic shearer abandons test.
So far by test of many times, tearing its reason of analysis to heart portion has three aspects: first: friction clutch starts repeatedly by air pressure fluctuation and friction plate to be affected, and friction plate generates heat, because heating causes the coefficient of friction of friction plate to change, so that it is inaccurate to stop, and backward and forward, affects the preliminary shearing degree of depth; Second: front two clamping wedges are asynchronous, then change pan feeding center; 3rd: each cylinder piston front end screw rod is directly torqued into and affects part, and both concentricitys are uncontrollable.Because above-mentioned three kinds of reasons have a strong impact on the preliminary shearing degree of depth, shearing bearing steel core portion is therefore caused to tear.
Above three aspect problems improve owing to have employed all-hydraulic control executive mode and solve in this invention.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of two-way precise hydraulic bar shears and cutting method thereof, the method adopts double direction shear: just shear, month arc (or semicircle) otch is first cut to the left in bar footpath, make radial surface hard formation cut a breach, produce stress and concentrate and bar slightly slip, preliminary shearing cuts and closes oil cylinder of issuing an order immediately, direction of motion commutation moves to left, bar is cut off along breach by rear cutter, and as sheared mild steel, then its radial pressure degree of bias is little, burr is little; As sheared high-carbon alloy steel (as unannealed bearing steel), then its heart portion can not tear.
The present invention specifically provides a kind of two-way precise hydraulic bar shears, comprise, slide block 40, front cutter part, rear cutter part, shears degree of depth adjustment member, spring assembly 51, front cutter part is used for centering and the clamping of bar, and be arranged on external crucible 7, front cutter part comprises left wedge 2, left cutter platform 3, oil cylinder, right wedge 5, right cutter platform 6, screw rod 11, blade 12; Wherein, the cross section of left cutter platform 3 and right cutter platform 6 is right-angled trapezium, mutually parallel setting, and its relative one side is plane, plane is respectively provided with a blade 12, and another side contacts with the inclined-plane of left wedge 2, right wedge 5 respectively; Right wedge 5 connects right oil cylinder 401 by right screw rod 1101, and left wedge 2 connects left oil cylinder 402 by left screw rod 1102;
Two oil cylinders are used for controlling left wedge 2, the rising of right wedge 5 and decline respectively, right oil cylinder 401 drives the right responsible location to blade 12, plug and charge bar of wedge 5 by right screw rod 1101, and left oil cylinder 402 drives the responsible clamping to blade 12, plug and charge bar of left wedge 2 by left screw rod 1102.
Left wedge 2 is 30mm with screw adjustment stroke distance to a declared goal B, and it is 10mm that right wedge 5 adjusts descending stroke distance to a declared goal A with right screw rod 1101.
Rear cutter part, for carrying out cutting off of bar, is arranged on slide block 40 li, and rear cutter part comprises framework 21, rear cutter platform 22, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23, master cylinder 24, right plunger 25, back shaft 26, left plunger 27, left blade 28, right blade 29; Wherein, left blade 28 is fixed on slide block 40, and right blade 29 is fixed on rear cutter platform 22, and rear cutter platform 22 is connected with rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23, and rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 is fixed on framework 21; Cut off wedge 30 to fill between rear cutter platform 22 and framework 21, rear cutter platform 22, framework 21 and slide block 40 can be made integral; Master cylinder 24 is loaded on front and back lathe bed by back shaft 26, and master cylinder 24 two ends are respectively provided with right plunger 25 and left plunger 27, moves left and right for promoting slide block 40;
Shear degree of depth adjustment member be used for the adjustment of preliminary shearing cutting depth and cut off Traffic control system, comprise electric switch 31, preliminary shearing fixed contact 32, cut off fixed contact 33, preliminary shearing fixed contact 32 and cut off fixed contact 33 and be fixed on outside rear lathe bed by support 34; Wherein electric switch 31 is fixedly linked by connecting rod and slide block 40, and its two ends, left and right are respectively provided with a contact; Cut off fixed contact 33 and be fixed on electric switch 31 left side, preliminary shearing fixed contact 32 is fixed on the right of electric switch 31, when slide block 40 is with driving electrical switch 31 to slide and is made its contact right encounter preliminary shearing fixed contact 32, the stop motion of right plunger 25, left plunger 27 promotes slide block 40 and moves to left, until cut off by bar, the left contact of electric switch 31 is encountered and is cut off fixed contact 33, master cylinder 24 fuel cut-off.Spring assembly 51, for slide block 40 being back into feeding center after cutting off bar, is arranged on the support plate 52 of external crucible 7;
External crucible part and rear bed part are erect and are arranged in parallel, and left cutter platform 3 and the space that right cutter platform 6 is formed and left blade 28 corresponding with the space that right blade 29 is formed; Shear the degree of depth to have been come by push rod in the space C regulated in electric switch 31 between push rod and preliminary shearing fixed contact 32 and electric switch 31 and the space D cut off between fixed contact 33.
Respectively being provided with one determines block 9 below for described left wedge 2, right wedge 5, determines block 9 and is fixed on external crucible 7; Left wedge 2 bottom is provided with screw 1, for limiting left wedge 2 shift length downwards; Block 9 of determining under right wedge 5 is provided with through hole, screw rod 11 screws in right wedge 5 lower end through this through hole, be positioned at the screw rod 11 determining block 9 top and be provided with top nut 8, be positioned at the screw rod 11 determining block 9 bottom and be provided with lower nut 10, for limiting the upper and lower displacement distance of right wedge 5.
Described wedge 30 of cutting off comprises support 3001, supporting plate 3002, oil cylinder A3003, wedge 3004, oil cylinder B3005, suspension bracket 3006, support 3001 is vertically fixed on supporting plate 3002, wedge 3004 is connected with support 3001 by oil cylinder A3003, and oil cylinder A3003 and wedge 3004 hold up by supporting plate 3002; Oil cylinder B3005 is fixed on framework 21 by suspension bracket 3006, and oil cylinder B3005 is connected with rear cutter platform 22, for controlling the distance between rear cutter platform 22 and framework 21; After oil cylinder B3005 promotes, cutter platform 22 is away from after framework 21, and oil cylinder A3003 can promote wedge 3004 and moves and fill in the space between rear cutter platform 22 and framework 21.
Described spring assembly 51 comprises spring 5101, push rod 5102, end cover 5103, nut 5104, nut 5104, end cover 5103, support plate 52, spring 5101, push rod 5102 successively backward cutter part near being enclosed within push rod 5102.
Described space C length is not more than space D length.Described space C length is less than space D length.
A kind of sheared blank method, comprises the steps:
1, the centering of equipment: get standard size plug and be placed between blade 12, start right oil cylinder 401 and left oil cylinder 402, right oil cylinder 401 drives right wedge 5 to rise, right wedge 5 promotes right cutter platform 6 and the blade 12 be positioned on right cutter platform 6 moves to left, make blade 12 and the seamless laminating of plug, the demarcation center of this equipment is arrived to plug center, right oil cylinder 401 quits work, the distance of block 9 upper surface and top nut 8 lower surface is determined in adjustment is simultaneously distance to a declared goal A, the upper surface of adjustment lower nut 10 fit with block 9 lower surface, while top nut 8 and lower nut 10 fastening; Left oil cylinder 402 drives left wedge 2 to rise, and left wedge 2 promotes left cutter platform 3 and moves to right, and is firmly clamped by plug; Adjustment screw 1 top and left wedge 2 lower plane distance are distance to a declared goal B; Complete the centering of plug in front cutter part;
2, rear cutter centering: after current cutter centering adjustment, with front cutter, plug 14 is clipped, plug 14 front end is inserted in the space that left blade 28 and right blade 29 formed, and then promotes slide block 40 to left blade 28 with spring assembly 51 and moves to right and to fit with plug; After nut 5104 front end and end cover 5103 are fitted, fixed by nut 5104, this position is pan feeding center; The centering of finishing equipment, takes out plug, puts into and waits to shear charge bar;
3, the preliminary shearing of bar: spring assembly 51 promotes slide block 40 to pan feeding center, wait that shearing charge bar delivers between left blade 28 and right blade 29, the electric switch 31 of stock stop contact starts, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 is energized, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 promotes rear cutter platform 22 and moves, and rear cutter platform 22 drives right blade 29 slowly to fit and waits to shear charge bar; Cut off wedge 30 to insert in the space that rear cutter platform 22 and slide block 40 formed, make rear cutter platform 22, framework 21 and slide block 40 form an entirety; Start master cylinder 24, right plunger 25 promotes slide block 40 and moves to right, and carries out preliminary shearing;
3, the shearing of bar: slide block 40 is with driving electrical switch 31 to move to right, when the right contact of electric switch 31 is to preliminary shearing fixed contact 32, the stop motion of right plunger 25, preliminary shearing terminates, and simultaneously left plunger 27 promotes slide block 40 and moves to left, and is cut off by bar;
Slide block playbacks: after being cut off by bar, and the left contact of electric switch 31 is encountered and cut off fixed contact 33, master cylinder 24 fuel cut-off, slide block 40 is pushed back parking original position by spring assembly 51, will cut off wedge 30 simultaneously and exit, now, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 commutates backhaul, is pulled open by rear cutter platform 22;
4, complete a shearing work, next shearing work repeats above-mentioned steps.
In above-mentioned sheared blank method, the charge bar of same size, specification is sheared, and only need complete the centering step of primary equipment, and bar is directly sheared according to setting size, without the need to repeating centering.Each shear time is no longer than 3 seconds.
Described distance to a declared goal B is not shorter than distance to a declared goal A.Concrete, described distance to a declared goal B is longer than distance to a declared goal A.A: B is 1: 2 ~ 5, and under nominal situation, A: B is 1: 3; General employing distance to a declared goal B is 30mm, and distance to a declared goal A is 10mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, bearing industry hot shearing power consumption problem is solved: traditional hot shearing method heats one ton of bar power consumption 200 degree, year blanking 1000 tons, then power consumption 200,000 degree.
2, solve sawing machine blanking waste problem: adopt sawing machine blanking, saw kerf 2.5mm, for bar diameter ∮ 50mm, year blanking 1,000,000, then waste bar more than 40 ton.
3, reduce production cost high, significantly increase work efficiency: traditional cutting method needs the outfit of heating furnace, heating etc. directly causes production cost to rise, inefficiency.
4, separate resolution portion and tear problem: the present invention utilizes front cutter to feel relieved and clamps (bar pan feeding center is accurate), adopt double direction shear method, preliminary shearing first cuts a half-circular cutouts, degree of depth ≈ bar diameter/18, then reverse along first sheared edge Cutting stick, again because bar clips by front and back cutter, during shearing, bar is not curved, radially bar is cut off, this double direction shear principle is: just shear, billet surface hard formation is cut a half-circular cutouts, produces stress and concentrate, the slightly displacement of bar lattice, oppositely cut off, the method can be separated resolution portion and be torn problem.
5, applied widely: various bar can be widely used in, divide preliminary shearing to steel alloys such as GCr15,42GrMo and cut off two steps and shear, solve the problem that heart portion tears.
6, for mild steel, the pressure degree of bias is little, and burr is little.
7, double direction shear principle, shear strength is less than unidirectional shearing (disposable shearing) power about 30%.
8, scissors clamping replaces front eccentric swage, and rear cutter clamping replaces rear support device, and in theory, front and back lathe bed is stressed is less than unidirectional shearing force more than 50%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is described in further details:
Cutter part-structure schematic diagram before Fig. 1 hydraulic pressure bar shears.
Fig. 2 hydraulic pressure bar shears structural representation.
Fig. 3 spring assembly generalized section.
Fig. 4 cuts off wedge generalized section.
Detailed description of the invention
Drawing reference numeral illustrates:
1 screw, 2 left wedges, 3 left cutter platforms, 401 right oil cylinders, 402 left oil cylinders, 5 right wedges, 6 right cutter platforms, 7 external crucibles, 8 top nuts, 9 determine block, 10 lower nuts, 11 screw rods, 12 blades, 13 bars, 14 plugs, 21 frameworks, cutter platform after 22, cutter platform oil cylinder after 23, 24 master cylinders, 25 right plungers, 26 back shafts, 27 left plungers, 28 left blades, 29 right blades, 30 cut off wedge, 31 electric switches, 32 preliminary shearing fixed contacts, 33 cut off fixed contact, 34 supports, 40 slide blocks, 51 spring assemblies, 52 support plates, , 1101 right screw rods, 1102 left screw rods, 3001 supports, 3002 supporting plates, 3003 oil cylinder A, 3004 wedges, 3005 oil cylinder B, 3006 suspension brackets, 5101 springs, 5102 push rods, 5103 end covers, 5104 nuts.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of two-way precise hydraulic bar shears and cutting method thereof, the method adopts double direction shear: just shear, month arc (or semicircle) otch is first cut to the left in bar footpath, make radial surface hard formation cut a breach, produce stress and concentrate and bar slightly slip, preliminary shearing cuts and closes oil cylinder of issuing an order immediately, direction of motion commutation moves to left, bar is cut off along breach by rear cutter, and as sheared mild steel, then its radial pressure degree of bias is little, burr is little; As sheared high-carbon alloy steel (as unannealed bearing steel), then its heart portion can not tear.
The present embodiment specifically provides a kind of two-way precise hydraulic bar shears, comprise, slide block 40, front cutter part, rear cutter part, shears degree of depth adjustment member, spring assembly 51, front cutter part is used for centering and the clamping of bar, and be arranged on external crucible 7, front cutter part comprises left wedge 2, left cutter platform 3, oil cylinder, right wedge 5, right cutter platform 6, screw rod 11, blade 12; Wherein, the cross section of left cutter platform 3 and right cutter platform 6 is right-angled trapezium, mutually parallel setting, and its relative one side is plane, plane is respectively provided with a blade 12, and another side contacts with the inclined-plane of left wedge 2, right wedge 5 respectively; Right wedge 5 connects right oil cylinder 401 by right screw rod 1101, and left wedge 2 connects left oil cylinder 402 by left screw rod 1102;
Two oil cylinders are used for controlling left wedge 2, the rising of right wedge 5 and decline respectively, right oil cylinder 401 drives the right responsible location to blade 12, plug 14 and charge bar 13 of wedge 5 by right screw rod 1101, and left oil cylinder 402 drives the responsible clamping to blade 12, plug 14 and charge bar 13 of left wedge 2 by left screw rod 1102.
Left wedge 2 is 30mm with screw adjustment stroke distance to a declared goal B, and it is 10mm that right wedge 5 adjusts descending stroke distance to a declared goal A with right screw rod 1101.
Rear cutter part, for carrying out cutting off of bar, is arranged on slide block 40 li, and rear cutter part comprises framework 21, rear cutter platform 22, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23, master cylinder 24, right plunger 25, back shaft 26, left plunger 27, left blade 28, right blade 29; Wherein, left blade 28 is fixed on slide block 40, and right blade 29 is fixed on rear cutter platform 22, and rear cutter platform 22 is connected with rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23, and rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 is fixed on framework 21; Cut off wedge 30 to fill between rear cutter platform 22 and framework 21, rear cutter platform 22, framework 21 and slide block 40 can be made integral; Master cylinder 24 is loaded on front and back lathe bed by back shaft 26, and master cylinder 24 two ends are respectively provided with right plunger 25 and left plunger 27, moves left and right for promoting slide block 40;
Shear degree of depth adjustment member be used for the adjustment of preliminary shearing cutting depth and cut off Traffic control system, comprise electric switch 31, preliminary shearing fixed contact 32, cut off fixed contact 33, preliminary shearing fixed contact 32 and cut off fixed contact 33 and be fixed on outside rear lathe bed by support 34; Wherein electric switch 31 is fixedly linked by connecting rod and slide block 40, and its two ends, left and right are respectively provided with a contact; Cut off fixed contact 33 and be fixed on electric switch 31 left side, preliminary shearing fixed contact 32 is fixed on the right of electric switch 31, when slide block 40 is with driving electrical switch 31 to slide and is made its contact right encounter preliminary shearing fixed contact 32, the stop motion of right plunger 25, left plunger 27 promotes slide block 40 and moves to left, until cut off by bar, the left contact of electric switch 31 is encountered and is cut off fixed contact 33, master cylinder 24 fuel cut-off.Spring assembly 51, for slide block 40 being back into feeding center after cutting off bar, is arranged on the support plate 52 of external crucible 7;
External crucible part and rear bed part are erect and are arranged in parallel, and left cutter platform 3 and the space that right cutter platform 6 is formed and left blade 28 corresponding with the space that right blade 29 is formed; Shear the degree of depth to have been come by push rod in the space C regulated in electric switch 31 between push rod and preliminary shearing fixed contact 32 and electric switch 31 and the space D cut off between fixed contact 33.
Respectively being provided with one determines block 9 below for described left wedge 2, right wedge 5, determines block 9 and is fixed on external crucible 7; Left wedge 2 bottom is provided with screw 1, for limiting left wedge 2 shift length downwards; Block 9 of determining under right wedge 5 is provided with through hole, screw rod 11 screws in right wedge 5 lower end through this through hole, be positioned at the screw rod 11 determining block 9 top and be provided with top nut 8, be positioned at the screw rod 11 determining block 9 bottom and be provided with lower nut 10, for limiting the upper and lower displacement distance of right wedge 5.
Described wedge 30 of cutting off comprises support 3001, supporting plate 3002, oil cylinder A3003, wedge 3004, oil cylinder B3005, suspension bracket 3006, support 3001 is vertically fixed on supporting plate 3002, wedge 3004 is connected with support 3001 by oil cylinder A3003, and oil cylinder A3003 and wedge 3004 hold up by supporting plate 3002; Oil cylinder B3005 is fixed on framework 21 by suspension bracket 3006, and oil cylinder B3005 is connected with rear cutter platform 22, for controlling the distance between rear cutter platform 22 and framework 21; After oil cylinder B3005 promotes, cutter platform 22 is away from after framework 21, and oil cylinder A3003 can promote wedge 3004 and moves and fill in the space between rear cutter platform 22 and framework 21.
Described spring assembly 51 comprises spring 5101, push rod 5102, end cover 5103, nut 5104, nut 5104, end cover 5103, support plate 52, spring 5101, push rod 5102 successively backward cutter part near being enclosed within push rod 5102.
Described space C length is not more than space D length.Described space C length is less than space D length.
A kind of sheared blank method, comprises the steps:
1, the centering of equipment: get standard size plug 14 and be placed between blade 12, start right oil cylinder 401 and left oil cylinder 402, right oil cylinder 401 drives right wedge 5 to rise, right wedge 5 promotes right cutter platform 6 and the blade 12 be positioned on right cutter platform 6 moves to left, make blade 12 and the seamless laminating of plug 14, the demarcation center of this equipment is arrived to plug center, right oil cylinder 401 quits work, the distance of block 9 upper surface and top nut 8 lower surface is determined in adjustment is simultaneously distance to a declared goal A, the upper surface of adjustment lower nut 10 fit with block 9 lower surface, while top nut 8 and lower nut 10 fastening; Left oil cylinder 402 drives left wedge 2 to rise, and left wedge 2 promotes left cutter platform 3 and moves to right, and is firmly clamped by plug; Adjustment screw 1 top and left wedge 2 lower plane distance are distance to a declared goal B; Complete the centering of plug in front cutter part;
2, rear cutter centering: after current cutter centering adjustment, with front cutter, plug 14 is clipped, plug 14 front end is inserted in the space that left blade 28 and right blade 29 formed, and then promotes slide block 40 to left blade 28 with spring assembly 51 and moves to right and to fit with plug; After nut 5104 front end and end cover 5103 are fitted, fixed by nut 5104, this position is pan feeding center; The centering of finishing equipment, takes out plug, puts into and waits to shear charge bar;
3, the preliminary shearing of bar: spring assembly 51 promotes slide block 40 to pan feeding center, wait that shearing charge bar delivers between left blade 28 and right blade 29, the electric switch 31 of stock stop contact starts, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 is energized, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 promotes rear cutter platform 22 and moves, and rear cutter platform 22 drives right blade 29 slowly to fit and waits to shear charge bar; Cut off wedge 30 to insert in the space that rear cutter platform 22 and slide block 40 formed, make rear cutter platform 22, framework 21 and slide block 40 form an entirety; Start master cylinder 24, right plunger 25 promotes slide block 40 and moves to right, and carries out preliminary shearing;
3, the shearing of bar: slide block 40 is with driving electrical switch 31 to move to right, when the right contact of electric switch 31 is to preliminary shearing fixed contact 32, the stop motion of right plunger 25, preliminary shearing terminates, and simultaneously left plunger 27 promotes slide block 40 and moves to left, and is cut off by bar;
Slide block playbacks: after being cut off by bar, and the left contact of electric switch 31 is encountered and cut off fixed contact 33, master cylinder 24 fuel cut-off, slide block 40 is pushed back parking original position by spring assembly 51, will cut off wedge 30 simultaneously and exit, now, rear cutter platform oil cylinder 23 commutates backhaul, is pulled open by rear cutter platform 22;
4, complete a shearing work, next shearing work repeats above-mentioned steps.
In above-mentioned sheared blank method, the charge bar of same size, specification is sheared, and only need complete the centering step of primary equipment, and bar is directly sheared according to setting size, without the need to repeating centering.Each shear time is no longer than 3 seconds.
Described distance to a declared goal B is not shorter than distance to a declared goal A.Concrete, described distance to a declared goal B is longer than distance to a declared goal A.A: B is 1: 2 ~ 5, and under nominal situation, A: B is 1: 3; General employing distance to a declared goal B is 30mm, and distance to a declared goal A is 10mm.
The beneficial effect of the present embodiment:
1, bearing industry hot shearing power consumption problem is solved: traditional hot shearing method heats one ton of bar power consumption 200 degree, year blanking 1000 tons, then power consumption 200,000 degree.
2, solve sawing machine blanking waste problem: adopt sawing machine blanking, saw kerf 2.5mm, for bar diameter ∮ 50mm, year blanking 1,000,000, then waste bar more than 40 ton.
3, reduce production cost high, significantly increase work efficiency: traditional cutting method needs the outfit of heating furnace, heating etc. directly causes production cost to rise, inefficiency.
4, separate resolution portion and tear problem: cutter centering clamping (bar pan feeding center is accurate) before the present embodiment utilizes, adopt double direction shear method, preliminary shearing first cuts a half-circular cutouts, degree of depth ≈ bar diameter/18, then reverse along first sheared edge Cutting stick, again because bar clips by front and back cutter, during shearing, bar is not curved, radially bar is cut off, this double direction shear principle is: just shear, billet surface hard formation is cut a half-circular cutouts, produces stress and concentrate, the slightly displacement of bar lattice, oppositely cut off, the method can be separated resolution portion and be torn problem.
5, applied widely: various bar can be widely used in, divide preliminary shearing to steel alloys such as GCr15,42GrMo and cut off two steps and shear, solve the problem that heart portion tears.
6, for mild steel, the pressure degree of bias is little, and burr is little.
7, double direction shear principle, shear strength is less than unidirectional shearing (disposable shearing) power about 30%.
8, scissors clamping replaces front eccentric swage, and rear cutter clamping replaces rear support device, and in theory, front and back lathe bed is stressed is less than unidirectional shearing force more than 50%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment adopts double direction shear principle, and with front cutter centering clamping and the clamping of rear cutter, during shearing, front cutter translation drives waits that shearing charge bar moves and cut off by charge bar, and rear cutter part keeps motionless, and all the other structures, embodiment and Expected Results are identical with embodiment 1.
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a two-way precise hydraulic bar shears, comprises, slide block (40), front cutter part, rear cutter part, and shear degree of depth adjustment member, spring assembly (51), is characterized in that:
Front cutter part is used for centering and the clamping of bar, be arranged on external crucible (7), front cutter part comprises left wedge (2), Zuo Daotai (3), oil cylinder, right wedge (5), You Daotai (6), screw rod (11), blade (12); Wherein, the cross section of left cutter platform (3) and right cutter platform (6) is right-angled trapezium, parallel setting mutually, its relative one side is plane, plane is respectively provided with a blade (12), another side contacts with the inclined-plane of left wedge (2), right wedge (5) respectively; Right wedge (5) connects right oil cylinder (401) by right screw rod (1101), and left wedge (2) connects left oil cylinder (402) by left screw rod (1102);
Rear cutter part is for carrying out cutting off of bar, be arranged on slide block (40) inner, rear cutter part comprises framework (21), Hou Daotai (22), rear cutter platform oil cylinder (23), master cylinder (24), right plunger (25), back shaft (26), left plunger (27), left blade (28), right blade (29); Wherein, left blade (28) is fixed on slide block (40), right blade (29) is fixed on Hou Daotai (22), rear cutter platform (22) is connected with rear cutter platform oil cylinder (23), and rear cutter platform oil cylinder (23) is fixed on framework (21); Cut off wedge (30) to fill between Hou Daotai (22) and framework (21), Hou Daotai (22), framework (21) and slide block (40) can be made integral; Master cylinder (24) is loaded on front and back lathe bed by back shaft (26), and master cylinder (24) two ends are respectively provided with right plunger (25) and left plunger (27), move left and right for promoting slide block (40);
Shear degree of depth adjustment member be used for the adjustment of preliminary shearing cutting depth and cut off Traffic control system, comprise electric switch (31), preliminary shearing fixed contact (32), cut off fixed contact (33); Wherein electric switch (31) is fixedly linked by connecting rod and slide block (40), its two ends, left and right are respectively provided with a contact, preliminary shearing fixed contact (32) and cut off fixed contact (33) and be fixed on outside rear lathe bed by support (34); Cut off fixed contact (33) and be fixed on electric switch (31) left side, preliminary shearing fixed contact (32) is fixed on electric switch (31) the right, when slide block (40) band driving electrical switch (31) slides and makes its contact right encounter preliminary shearing fixed contact (32), right plunger (25) stop motion, left plunger (27) promotes slide block (40) and moves to left, until bar is cut off, electric switch (31) left contact is encountered and is cut off fixed contact (33), master cylinder (24) fuel cut-off;
Spring assembly (51), for slide block (40) being back into feeding center after cutting off bar, is arranged on the support plate (52) of external crucible (7);
External crucible part and rear bed part are erect and are arranged in parallel, and the space that formed of left cutter platform (3) and right cutter platform (6) and left blade (28) corresponding with the space that right blade (29) is formed; Shear the degree of depth to have been come by the space C regulated between electric switch (31) interior push rod and preliminary shearing fixed contact (32) and electric switch (31) interior push rod and the space D cut off between fixed contact (33).
2. according to precise hydraulic bar shears two-way described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: being respectively provided with one determines block (9) below for described left wedge (2), right wedge (5), determines block (9) and is fixed on external crucible (7); Left wedge (2) bottom is provided with screw (1), for limiting left wedge (2) shift length downwards; Block (9) of determining under right wedge (5) is provided with through hole, screw rod (11) screws in right wedge (5) lower end through this through hole, be positioned at the screw rod (11) determining block (9) top and be provided with top nut (8), be positioned at the screw rod (11) determining block (9) bottom and be provided with lower nut (10), for limiting the upper and lower displacement distance of right wedge (5).
3. according to precise hydraulic bar shears two-way described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wedge (30) of cutting off comprises support (3001), supporting plate (3002), oil cylinder A (3003), wedge (3004), oil cylinder B (3005), suspension bracket (3006), support (3001) is vertically fixed on supporting plate (3002), wedge (3004) is connected with support (3001) by oil cylinder A (3003), and oil cylinder A (3003) and wedge (3004) hold up by supporting plate (3002); Oil cylinder B (3005) is fixed on framework (21) by suspension bracket (3006), and oil cylinder B (3005) is connected with rear cutter platform (22), for controlling the distance between rear cutter platform (22) and framework (21); After oil cylinder B (3005) promotes, cutter platform (22) is away from after framework (21), and oil cylinder A (3003) can promote wedge (3004) and moves and fill in the space between Hou Daotai (22) and framework (21).
4. according to precise hydraulic bar shears two-way described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spring assembly (51) comprises spring (5101), push rod (5102), end cover (5103), nut (5104), nut (5104), end cover (5103), support plate (52), spring (5101), push rod (5102) successively backward cutter part near being enclosed within push rod (5102).
5. according to precise hydraulic bar shears two-way described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described space C length is not more than space D length.
6. according to precise hydraulic bar shears two-way described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described space C length is less than space D length.
7. a sheared blank method, is characterized in that:
The centering of equipment: get standard size plug and be placed between blade (12), start right oil cylinder (401) and left oil cylinder (402), right oil cylinder (401) drives right wedge (5) to rise, right wedge (5) promotes right cutter platform (6) and the blade (12) be positioned on You Daotai (6) moves to left, make blade (12) and the seamless laminating of plug, the demarcation center of this equipment is arrived to plug center, right oil cylinder (401) quits work, the distance of block (9) upper surface and top nut (8) lower surface is determined in adjustment is simultaneously distance to a declared goal A, the upper surface of adjustment lower nut (10) is fitted with block (9) lower surface, simultaneously top nut (8) and lower nut (10) fastening, left oil cylinder (402) drives left wedge (2) to rise, and left wedge (2) promotes left cutter platform (3) and moves to right, and is firmly clamped by plug, adjustment screw (1) top and left wedge (2) lower plane distance are distance to a declared goal B, complete the centering of plug in front cutter part,
Rear cutter centering: after current cutter centering adjustment, with front cutter, plug (14) is clipped, plug (14) front end is inserted in the space that left blade (28) and right blade (29) formed, and then uses spring assembly (51) to promote slide block (40) to left blade (28) and moves to right and to fit with plug; Nut (5104) front end and end overlaps after (5103) fit, and nut (5104) is fixing, and this position is pan feeding center; The centering of finishing equipment, takes out plug, puts into and waits to shear charge bar;
The preliminary shearing of bar: spring assembly (51) promotes slide block (40) to pan feeding center, wait that shearing charge bar delivers between left blade (28) and right blade (29), the electric switch (31) of stock stop contact starts, rear cutter platform oil cylinder (23) energising, cutter platform (22) motion after rear cutter platform oil cylinder (23) promotes, Hou Daotai (22) drives right blade (29) slowly to fit and waits to shear charge bar; In the space that after cutting off wedge (30) insertion, cutter platform (22) and slide block (40) are formed, Hou Daotai (22), framework (21) and slide block (40) is made to form an entirety; Start master cylinder (24), right plunger (25) promotes slide block (40) and moves to right, and carries out preliminary shearing;
The shearing of bar: slide block (40) band driving electrical switch (31) moves to right, when electric switch (31) right contact is to preliminary shearing fixed contact (32), right plunger (25) stop motion, preliminary shearing terminates, left plunger (27) promotion slide block (40) moves to left simultaneously, is cut off by bar;
Slide block playbacks: after being cut off by bar, electric switch (31) left contact is encountered and is cut off fixed contact (33), master cylinder (24) fuel cut-off, slide block (40) is pushed back parking original position by spring assembly (51), wedge (30) will be cut off exit simultaneously, now, rear cutter platform oil cylinder (23) commutation backhaul, pulls open rear cutter platform (22);
Complete a shearing work, next shearing work repeats above-mentioned steps.
8. according to charge bar cutting method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the charge bar of same size, specification is sheared, and only need complete the centering step of primary equipment, without the need to repeating centering.
9. according to charge bar cutting method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described distance to a declared goal B is not shorter than distance to a declared goal A.
10. according to charge bar cutting method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described distance to a declared goal B is longer than distance to a declared goal A.
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