CN105344939A - Vacant-shell vacuum negative-pressure vibrating casting method for integrally casting middle trough - Google Patents
Vacant-shell vacuum negative-pressure vibrating casting method for integrally casting middle trough Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacant-shell vacuum negative-pressure vibrating casting method for integrally casting a middle trough. The vacant-shell vacuum negative-pressure vibrating casting method comprises the steps of while film manufacturing, vibration molding and vacant-shell negative-pressure vibrating casting, wherein in the vacant-shell negative-pressure vibrating casting step, a white film is firstly burnt, i.e., a foam model is combusted and gasified to obtain a coating vacant-shell casting mould, and then, the vacuum negative-pressure vibrating casting is carried out on the vacant-shell casting mould; the white film burning process is that the polystyrene foam mould is firstly combusted completely with negative pressure pumping; a combusted carbon element of the polystyrene foam mould is pumped to the outer part by vacuum negative pressure, and is not kept on the inner part or the inner wall of the coasting vacant-shell casting mould. Compared with a method of casting while gasifying, contact of the carbon element, flowing molten iron and surface of a casting piece is avoided, so that recarburization of the casting piece is avoided, and product quality of the casting piece is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mining intermediate channel technique for integral casting field, particularly relate to a kind of intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method.
Background technology
In traditional intermediate channel manufacturing technology, when adopting evaporative pattern monoblock cast, fireproof coating is brushed on bubbles model surface, dries and obtain tunica albuginea, tunica albuginea is put into sandbox, vibration ramming obtains casting mold, then be poured in casting mold by high temperature liquid iron, high temperature liquid iron contacts with the bubbles model in tunica albuginea, and bubbles model is vaporized, molten iron enters fireproof coating shell inside while substitute bubbles model, forms intermediate channel cast product after cooling.
But, the shortcoming of this evaporative pattern technique for integral casting is that high temperature liquid iron is in the process of gasification bubbles model, the carbon that bubbles model burning generates and impurity absorption are on the inwall of coating shell, can not be discharged in time, it enters in foundry goods after contacting with molten iron, carburetting especially can be caused on the top layer or wall of foundry goods serious, thus the fragility of foundry goods is increased, intensity reduces, and casting product quality is a greater impact.
Summary of the invention
On the inwall be necessary to propose a kind ofly can be discharged to outside foundry goods die cavity in advance by the carbon in bubbles model, avoiding carbon to be adsorbed on coating shell so pour into a mould and casting solidification time be mixed into foundry goods, cause the intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method of carburetting defect.
A kind of intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method, comprises the following steps: step one: this step comprises bubbles model manufacture, swabbing, oven dry:
Bubbles model manufactures: use the polystyrene material through fully drying to manufacture bubbles model according to the entity structure of intermediate channel;
Swabbing: bubbles model is brushed fireproof coating, the mode adopting flow coat to add brushing when brushing fireproof coating is carried out entirety to bubbles model and is brushed, and makes the coverage rate of fireproof coating to bubbles model reach 100%;
Dry: be placed in drying room by the bubbles model of brushing fireproof coating and dry, drying room humidity is less than 40%, and bake out temperature is 50 ° ~ 60 °, and drying time is 8h ~ 18h, by the bubbles model swabbing again after oven dry;
Repeat each three times of the step of above-mentioned swabbing, oven dry, obtain tunica albuginea casting mold, the thickness of the flame-retardant coating layer of described tunica albuginea casting mold is 2mm ~ 3mm;
Step 2: sandbox is placed on shake table, tunica albuginea casting mold is put into sandbox, dry sand is inserted in sandbox, Vibration on Start-up machine simultaneously, realize limit vibration limit back-up sand, close bobbing machine after back-up sand, then at the oral area covered with plastic film suitable for reading of sandbox, then cladding thickness is greater than the molding sand of 30mm to be covered by plastic sheeting on a plastic film;
Step 3: this step comprises burns tunica albuginea, ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting, the rear sustained vibration of cast:
Burn tunica albuginea: start vavuum pump, from sandbox outside, negative-pressure ward is carried out to the molding sand in sandbox, tunica albuginea casting mold, when vavuum pump swabbing pressure is greater than 0.06MPa, use oxygen enrichment acetylene spray gun lights the bubbles model in tunica albuginea casting mold, make the whole combustion gasification of bubbles model of tunica albuginea casting mold inside, leave ghost casting mold;
Ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting: keep vavuum pump swabbing pressure to be not less than 0.04MPa, molten iron or molten steel are poured into running gate system, when the molten iron or molten steel that enter ghost casting mold reach 1/3 ~ 1/2 of the height of ghost casting mold, Vibration on Start-up machine, continue pouring molten iron or molten steel to molten iron or molten steel concordant with rising head oral area;
Sustained vibration after cast: stop pouring into a mould after molten iron is concordant with rising head oral area, after casting complete, keep vavuum pump to the negative-pressure ward pressure in sandbox, and shake table sustained vibration is to casting solidification, unpacks after being then incubated 12h ~ 24h, casting cleaning.
Step of the present invention comprises tunica albuginea manufacture, vibration molding, ghost negative pressure vibrating casting, in ghost negative pressure vibrating casting step, first burn tunica albuginea, coating ghost casting mold is obtained by bubbles model combustion gasification, then negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting is being adopted to this ghost casting mold, polystyrene foam model can first burn totally by the process of burning tunica albuginea, coordinate negative-pressure ward, carbon after burning is drawn into outside by negative pressure of vacuum, on the inside that can not rest on coating ghost casting mold or inwall, compared to the method for cast limit, limit gasification, avoid carbon and flowing molten iron or molten steel, and the contact on the surface of foundry goods, avoid the carburetting defect of foundry goods, simultaneously, foundry goods is poured into a mould under vibrating conditions, crystallization, solidify, crystal grain obtains further refinement, significantly optimize texture structure, the mechanical performance of material is obviously promoted, ensure that the product quality of foundry goods.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method comprises the following steps:
Step one: this step is tunica albuginea manufacturing step, comprises bubbles model manufacture, swabbing, oven dry:
Bubbles model manufactures: use the polystyrene material through fully drying to manufacture bubbles model according to the entity structure of intermediate channel, such as, dried by polystyrene material in the baking oven of 50 ° ~ 60 ° or drying room to water content and be less than 0.1%;
Swabbing: bubbles model is brushed fireproof coating, the mode adopting flow coat to add brushing when brushing fireproof coating is carried out entirety to bubbles model and is brushed, and makes the coverage rate of fireproof coating to bubbles model reach 100%;
Dry: be placed in drying room by the bubbles model of brushing fireproof coating and dry, drying room humidity is less than 40%, and bake out temperature is 50 ° ~ 60 °, and drying time is 8h ~ 18h, by the bubbles model swabbing again after oven dry;
Repeat each three times of the step of above-mentioned swabbing, oven dry, obtain tunica albuginea casting mold, the thickness of the flame-retardant coating layer of described tunica albuginea casting mold is 2mm ~ 3mm.
Step 2: this step is vibration molding step, sandbox is placed on shake table, tunica albuginea casting mold is put into sandbox, dry sand is inserted in sandbox, Vibration on Start-up machine simultaneously, realize limit vibration limit back-up sand, bobbing machine is closed after back-up sand, then at the oral area covered with plastic film suitable for reading of sandbox, then cladding thickness is greater than the molding sand of 30mm to be covered by plastic sheeting on a plastic film, avoids plastic sheeting outside exposed, when pouring into a mould, avoid hot molten iron or the molten iron flower that splashes to be scorched by resin glass, cause sealing.
Step 3: this step is ghost negative pressure vibrating casting step, comprises and burns tunica albuginea, ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting, the rear sustained vibration of cast:
Burn tunica albuginea: start vavuum pump, from sandbox outside, negative-pressure ward is carried out to the molding sand in sandbox, tunica albuginea casting mold, when vavuum pump swabbing pressure is greater than 0.06MPa, namely when the negative-pressure ward pressure of vavuum pump to the molding sand in sandbox, tunica albuginea casting mold is greater than 0.06MPa, use oxygen enrichment acetylene spray gun lights the bubbles model in tunica albuginea casting mold by pouring and riser systems, under the effect of negative-pressure ward pressure, bubbles model is whole combustion gasification rapidly, leaves ghost casting mold;
Ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting: keep vavuum pump swabbing pressure to be not less than 0.04MPa, namely vavuum pump is to the molding sand in sandbox, the negative-pressure ward pressure of tunica albuginea casting mold is not less than 0.04MPa and molten iron is poured into running gate system, when the molten iron entering ghost casting mold reaches 1/3 ~ 1/2 of the height of ghost casting mold, Vibration on Start-up machine, wherein the Oscillation Amplitude of jarring machine is 0.1mm to 0.5mm, vibration frequency is 150Hz to 300Hz, continue pouring molten iron or molten steel concordant with rising head oral area to molten iron, if when not pouring into a mould ghost casting mold or before with regard to Vibration on Start-up machine, easily ghost casting mold vibration avalanche, and vibrating casting contributes to the even refinement of crystal grain in molten iron in casting process, so be poured into ghost casting mold height 1/3 ~ 1/2 time start to its vibration.
Cast after sustained vibration: until molten iron or molten steel concordant with rising head oral area after stop pouring into a mould, after casting complete, keep vavuum pump to the negative-pressure ward pressure in sandbox, and shake table sustained vibration is to the casting solidification in ghost casting mold, then unpack after being incubated 12h ~ 24h, casting cleaning.
Further, the process that flow coat in step one adds brushing is: use flow coater to bubbles model flow coat, the coating flowed out from the coating material outlet of flow coater is coated with the surface hanging over bubbles model the process flowed along bubbles model, the position that the bottom surface of bubbles model, recess and flow coat can not be covered afterwards uses artificial brushing to carry out brush coating, ensure the repairing of coating to the local defect of model, weak part, bottom surface, meet 100% coverage rate.
Further, the area of described plastic sheeting is greater than the area of the oral area suitable for reading of sandbox, to make plastic sheeting be covered the outer of the oral area suitable for reading of sandbox, the gap between the molding sand of the oral area of sandbox and sandbox is also capped, during negative-pressure ward, can not leak gas herein.
Further, the molten iron in ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting process or pouring molten steel is started in the 5min after the burning tunica albuginea process in step 3 terminates.In the process of burning tunica albuginea, air in sandbox between sand grains is taken away by the swabbing pressure of vavuum pump, make to form vacuum state in sandbox, due to the existence of the pressure differential inside and outside sandbox between sand grains, and be provided with certain intensity and hardness, be enough to the intensity ensureing casting mold, thus ensure that ghost casting mold does not collapse, and after burning tunica albuginea terminates, ghost casting mold communicates with the external world, the vacuum of its inside can not meet, now should pour into a mould as early as possible, otherwise, along with the decline of vacuum, molding sand is tending towards defeated and dispersed, the increasing pressure of molding sand to ghost casting mold is large, likely can cause the avalanche of ghost casting mold.
Further, after cast in step 3 in sustained vibration process, after casting complete, according to the difference of the size of the weight of foundry goods, time and the shake table sustained vibration of ghost casting mold interior maintenance vacuum draw are also different to the time of the casting solidification in ghost casting mold, are respectively:
Casting weight is that completing of below 300Kg pours into a mould rear sustained vibration 2 minutes, vacuum draw 3 minutes;
Casting weight be more than or equal to 300Kg, be less than 500Kg complete sustained vibration 4 minutes after cast, vacuum draw 6 minutes;
Casting weight be more than or equal to 500Kg, be less than 1000Kg complete sustained vibration 6 minutes after cast, vacuum draw 9 minutes;
Casting weight be more than or equal to 1000Kg, be less than 2500Kg complete sustained vibration 10 minutes after cast, vacuum draw 15 minutes.
According to the intermediate channel foundry goods of different size, such as distinguish according to casting weight size, solidify in 2min ~ 10min after molten iron or pouring molten steel complete, at molten iron or molten steel from liquid state, molten state, in solid-state transition process, to casting mold sustained vibration, foundry goods is poured into a mould under vibrating conditions, crystallization, solidify, this process makes the crystal grain in molten iron even, the internal organizational structure of the foundry goods formed is more even, fine and close, casting quality is reliable, negative pressure of vacuum suction also can make molding sand keep the state of combining closely, molding sand will be caused to enter cast-internal because of defeated and dispersed.
Further, thickness of coating layer detecting step is also comprised between described step one and step 2, in this step, choose one piece of foam standard specimen identical with the material of the bubbles model in step one, when carrying out the operation of swabbing and oven dry to the bubbles model in step one, same fireproof coating is used to carry out swabbing and oven dry to above-mentioned foam standard specimen, wherein, the oven dry of foam standard specimen and bubbles model, swabbing, drying operation is identical, after three times swabbings and oven dry complete, the foam standard specimen of brush fireproof coating is cut along the direction of the thickness of flame-retardant coating layer, the thickness measuring flame-retardant coating layer is not less than 2mm.
Because when evaporative pattern monoblock cast, flame-retardant coating layer should meet the technological requirement of intensity, hardness, meet the requirement of good permeability in addition, the THICKNESS CONTROL of described flame-retardant coating layer is very important, the thickness of general flame-retardant coating layer can not affect production slightly larger than during technological requirement value, and the thickness of flame-retardant coating layer is when being less than technological requirement value, when namely flame-retardant coating layer is too thin, its intensity and hardness all can not meet production requirement, especially when follow-up negative-pressure ward or vacuum-assist pouring, flame-retardant coating layer there will be the phenomenon of avalanche, and all that has been achieved is spoiled to cause production.So select the significant of the thickness of foam standard specimen flame-retardant coating layer of tracing detection bubbles model under identical method of operating and process conditions.
Claims (6)
1. an intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one: this step comprises bubbles model manufacture, swabbing, oven dry:
Bubbles model manufactures: use the polystyrene material through fully drying to manufacture bubbles model according to the entity structure of intermediate channel;
Swabbing: bubbles model is brushed fireproof coating, the mode adopting flow coat to add brushing when brushing fireproof coating is carried out entirety to bubbles model and is brushed, and makes the coverage rate of fireproof coating to bubbles model reach 100%;
Dry: be placed in drying room by the bubbles model of brushing fireproof coating and dry, drying room humidity is less than 40%, and bake out temperature is 50 ° ~ 60 °, and drying time is 8h ~ 18h, by the bubbles model swabbing again after oven dry;
Repeat each three times of the step of above-mentioned swabbing, oven dry, obtain tunica albuginea casting mold, the thickness of the flame-retardant coating layer of described tunica albuginea casting mold is 2mm ~ 3mm;
Step 2: sandbox is placed on shake table, tunica albuginea casting mold is put into sandbox, Vibration on Start-up machine, realize limit vibration limit back-up sand, bobbing machine is closed after back-up sand, then at the oral area covered with plastic film suitable for reading of sandbox, then cladding thickness is greater than the molding sand of 30mm to be covered by plastic sheeting on a plastic film;
Step 3: this step comprises burns tunica albuginea, ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting, the rear sustained vibration of cast:
Burn tunica albuginea: start vavuum pump, from sandbox outside, negative-pressure ward is carried out to the molding sand in sandbox, tunica albuginea casting mold, when vavuum pump swabbing pressure is greater than 0.06MPa, use oxygen enrichment acetylene spray gun lights the bubbles model in tunica albuginea casting mold, make the whole combustion gasification of bubbles model of tunica albuginea casting mold inside, leave ghost casting mold;
Ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting: keep vavuum pump swabbing pressure to be not less than 0.04MPa, molten iron is poured into running gate system, when the molten iron entering ghost casting mold reaches 1/3 ~ 1/2 of the height of ghost casting mold, Vibration on Start-up machine, continues pouring molten iron concordant with rising head oral area to molten iron;
Sustained vibration after cast: stop pouring into a mould after molten iron is concordant with rising head oral area, after casting complete, keep vavuum pump to the negative-pressure ward pressure in sandbox, and shake table sustained vibration is to casting solidification, unpacks after being then incubated 12h ~ 24h, casting cleaning.
2. intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the process that the flow coat in described step one adds brushing is: use flow coater to bubbles model flow coat, the coating flowed out from the coating material outlet of flow coater is coated with the surface hanging over bubbles model the process flowed along bubbles model, and the position that the bottom surface of bubbles model, recess and flow coat can not be covered afterwards uses artificial brushing to carry out brush coating.
3. intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the area of the plastic sheeting in described step 2 is greater than the area of the oral area suitable for reading of sandbox, to make plastic sheeting, the outer of the oral area suitable for reading of sandbox is covered.
4. intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: start the molten iron cast in ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting process in the 5min after the burning tunica albuginea process in step 3 terminates.
5. intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: after the cast in step 3 in sustained vibration process, after casting complete, according to the difference of the size of the weight of foundry goods, time and the shake table sustained vibration of ghost casting mold interior maintenance vacuum draw are also different to the time of the casting solidification in ghost casting mold, are respectively:
Casting weight is that completing of below 300Kg pours into a mould rear sustained vibration 2 minutes, vacuum draw 3 minutes;
Casting weight be more than or equal to 300Kg, be less than 500Kg complete sustained vibration 4 minutes after cast, vacuum draw 6 minutes;
Casting weight be more than or equal to 500Kg, be less than 1000Kg complete sustained vibration 6 minutes after cast, vacuum draw 9 minutes;
Casting weight be more than or equal to 1000Kg, be less than 2500Kg complete sustained vibration 10 minutes after cast, vacuum draw 15 minutes.
6. intermediate channel monoblock cast ghost negative pressure of vacuum vibrating casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described step one and step 2, also comprise thickness of coating layer detecting step, in this step, choose one piece of foam standard specimen identical with the material of the bubbles model in step one, when carrying out the operation of swabbing and oven dry to the bubbles model in step one, same fireproof coating is used to carry out identical swabbing and oven dry to above-mentioned foam standard specimen, after three times swabbings and oven dry complete, the foam standard specimen of brush fireproof coating is cut along the direction of the thickness of flame-retardant coating layer, the thickness measuring flame-retardant coating layer is not less than 2mm.
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| CN106807894A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-06-09 | 佛山市尚好门窗有限责任公司 | A kind of method for improving aluminium alloy mobility |
| CN107138684A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-08 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | High manganese steel frog casting mold cavity coating spraying coating process |
| CN108031795A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-15 | 宁夏苏宁新能源设备有限公司 | Ledge list riser vertical pouring casting mold and casting mold system and pouring procedure |
| CN110076290A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏荣元铸业有限公司 | A kind of gate valve body model casting casting process |
| CN110252948A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | A kind of evaporative pattern is first burnt pours casting method afterwards |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110076290A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏荣元铸业有限公司 | A kind of gate valve body model casting casting process |
| CN110252948A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | A kind of evaporative pattern is first burnt pours casting method afterwards |
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Application publication date: 20160224 |