CN105337746A - Multicast data transmission method and apparatus - Google Patents
Multicast data transmission method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105337746A CN105337746A CN201510612877.0A CN201510612877A CN105337746A CN 105337746 A CN105337746 A CN 105337746A CN 201510612877 A CN201510612877 A CN 201510612877A CN 105337746 A CN105337746 A CN 105337746A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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- H04L45/54—Organization of routing tables
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Abstract
The invention provides a multicast data transmission method and apparatus. The method comprises steps that a network device receives a reverse path query message sent from a multicast receiver to a multicast source and forwards the reverse path query message to the multicast source, wherein the reverse path query message carries multicast source information and multicast group information; the network device updates a multicast routing list by means of the reverse path query message, wherein the multicast source information of the multicast routing list is the multicast source information carried in the reverse path query message, the multicast group information of the multicast routing list is the multicast group information carried in the reverse path query message, and the forward interface of the multicast routing list includes an interface receiving the reverse path query message; the network device forwards multicast data by means of the forward interface of the multicast routing list when receiving the multicast data matching the multicast source information and the multicast group information in the multicast routing list. The method and the apparatus prevent a waste of bandwidth resources and save the processing cost of the multicast receiver.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of transmission method and device of multicast packet.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, be the networking schematic diagram of video monitoring system, in video monitoring system, NVR (NetworkVideoRecorde, network hard disk video recorder) is the multiple IPC of management (IPCamra, web camera) usually.When configuring multicast group address, the multicast group address of all IPC can be configured to identical address by NVR, and configures different port numbers for different IP C, thus the Multicast configuration of simplification IPC.Such as, the multicast group address of IPC1, IPC2, IPC3 and IPC4 is all configured to IP address 228.1.1.1 by NVR, but is respectively this 4 IPC configured ports 50001,50002,50003,50004.
Suppose 4 corresponding same DR1 (DesignatedRouter of IPC (multicast source), Designated Router), then PC1 (multicast receivers) asks the multicast packet 1 of IPC1, PC2 asks the multicast packet 2 of IPC2, PC3 asks the multicast packet 3 of IPC3, when PC4 asks the multicast packet 4 of IPC4, DR1 can receive multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3 and multicast packet 4, and the multicast group address of these multicast packets is 228.1.1.1.Because PC1 asks the multicast packet 1 of IPC1, then multicast group address 228.1.1.1 is informed to DR2 by PC1, based on current agreement, and all multicast packets of DR2 meeting receiving group group address 228.1.1.1.Based on this, all multicast packets corresponding for multicast group address 228.1.1.1 are sent to router R1 by DR1, all multicast packets corresponding for multicast group address 228.1.1.1 are sent to router R2 by router R1, all multicast packets corresponding for multicast group address 228.1.1.1 are sent to DR2 by router R2, and all multicast packets corresponding for multicast group address 228.1.1.1 are sent to PC1 by DR2.
Because all multicast packets that multicast group address 228.1.1.1 is corresponding comprise multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3 and multicast packet 4, and PC1 only wishes the multicast packet 1 of asking IPC1, therefore, router R1, router R2 and DR2 all forward the process of 4 parts of multicast packets, can waste bandwidth.And PC1 needs to filter out multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3 and multicast packet 4 from the multicast packet 1 received, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3 and multicast packet 4, adds the processing expenditure of PC1.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of transmission method of multicast packet, said method comprising the steps of:
Network equipment receiving group recipient sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source, forwards described reverse path query messages to described multicast source; Carry information about multicast source and multicast group information in described reverse path query messages, the destination address of described reverse path query messages is the unicast address of described multicast source;
The described network equipment utilizes described reverse path query messages to upgrade multicast routing table item, the information about multicast source of described multicast routing table item is the information about multicast source carried in described reverse path query messages, the multicast group information of described multicast routing table item is the multicast group information of carrying in described reverse path query messages, and the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item comprises the interface receiving described reverse path query messages;
The described network equipment, when the information about multicast source received in the described multicast routing table item of coupling and the multicast packet of multicast group information, utilizes the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item to forward described multicast packet.
The described network equipment utilizes described reverse path query messages to upgrade the process of multicast routing table item, specifically comprises: the described network equipment judges whether to exist in the multicast routing table of this locality the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path query messages and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information;
If there is no, then the described network equipment creates multicast routing table item in the multicast routing table of this locality, described information about multicast source and described multicast group information is recorded in described multicast routing table item, and record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged; If existed, then whether the described network equipment is inquired about described information about multicast source and the multicast routing table item corresponding to described multicast group information and is provided with and presets mark;
If had, the described network equipment records the interface receiving described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item; If do not had, the described network equipment retains the interface receiving described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, delete other interface outside the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged.
Described method comprises further:
Described network equipment receiving group recipient sends to the reverse path prune message of multicast source, forwards described reverse path prune message to multicast source; Carry information about multicast source and multicast group information in described reverse path prune message, and the destination address of described reverse path prune message is the unicast address of multicast source;
The described network equipment is from the multicast routing table of this locality, inquire the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path prune message and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information, and from the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, delete the interface receiving described reverse path prune message.
The described network equipment is after deletion receives the interface of described reverse path prune message, described method comprises further: if also there is other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the described network equipment retain in the multicast routing table of this locality described in the multicast routing table item that inquires;
If there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the described network equipment retain in the multicast routing table of this locality described in the multicast routing table item that inquires, and for described in the multicast routing table item that inquires ageing timer is set; Before described ageing timer time-out, if record new interface in the forwarding interface of the described multicast routing table item inquired, then delete described ageing timer; After described ageing timer time-out, if described in do not record new interface, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in deleting from multicast routing table in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item that inquires.
Described method is applied in video monitoring system, and described multicast source comprises IPC, and the unicast address of information about multicast source, multicast group information, multicast source is that NVR informs multicast receivers.
The invention provides a kind of transmitting device of multicast packet, the transmitting device of described multicast packet is applied on network devices, and the transmitting device of described multicast packet specifically comprises:
Receiver module, sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source for receiving group recipient, and forwards described reverse path query messages to described multicast source; Wherein, in described reverse path query messages, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information, and destination address is the unicast address of described multicast source;
Maintenance module, multicast routing table item is upgraded for utilizing described reverse path query messages, the information about multicast source of described multicast routing table item is the information about multicast source carried in described reverse path query messages, the multicast group information of described multicast routing table item is the multicast group information of carrying in described reverse path query messages, and the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item comprises the interface receiving described reverse path query messages;
Sending module, for when the multicast packet of the information about multicast source received in the described multicast routing table item of coupling and multicast group information, utilizes the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item to forward described multicast packet.
Described maintenance module, specifically for judging whether to exist in local multicast routing table the multicast routing table item corresponding to the information about multicast source and multicast group information that carry in described reverse path query messages;
If there is no, then in the multicast routing table of this locality, create multicast routing table item, and in described multicast routing table item, record described information about multicast source and described multicast group information, and record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged; If existed, then inquire about described information about multicast source and the multicast routing table item corresponding to described multicast group information and whether be provided with and preset mark;
If had, then in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages; If do not had, in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, then retain the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, and other interface deleted outside the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged.
Described receiver module, also sends to the reverse path prune message of multicast source for receiving group recipient, and forwards described reverse path prune message to described multicast source; Wherein, in described reverse path prune message, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information, and destination address is the unicast address of described multicast source;
Described maintenance module, also for from the multicast routing table of this locality, inquire the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path prune message and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information, and from the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, delete the interface receiving described reverse path prune message.
Described maintenance module, also in the forwarding interface from the multicast routing table item inquired delete receive the interface of described reverse path prune message after, if also there is other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in retaining in the multicast routing table of this locality; If there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the multicast routing table item that inquires described in retaining in the multicast routing table of this locality, and for described in the multicast routing table item that inquires ageing timer is set; Before described ageing timer time-out, if record new interface in the forwarding interface of the described multicast routing table item inquired, then delete described ageing timer; After described ageing timer time-out, if described in do not record new interface, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in deleting from multicast routing table in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item that inquires.
Described application of installation is in video monitoring system, and described multicast source comprises IPC, and the unicast address of information about multicast source, multicast group information, multicast source is that NVR informs multicast receivers.
Based on technique scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, the network equipment is based on the information about multicast source carried in reverse path query messages and multicast group information, and the interface network equipment receiving reverse path query messages is to safeguard multicast routing table item, make can not comprise invalid interface in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item, therefore, multicast packet can not be forwarded by by invalid interface, thus avoids the waste of bandwidth resources.And send to the multicast packet of multicast receivers to be all effective multicast packets, multicast receivers does not need to filter out invalid multicast packet, thus save the processing expenditure of multicast receivers.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the networking schematic diagram of video monitoring system;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the transmission method of multicast packet in one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the hardware structure diagram of the network equipment in one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of the transmitting device of multicast packet in one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, suppose in video monitoring system, use the Routing Protocols such as PIM-SM (ProtocolIndependentMulticast-SparseMode, sparse mode Protocol Independent Multicast).When PC1 asks the multicast packet 1 of IPC1, then the SPT (ShortestPathTree, shortest path tree) that PC1 is corresponding is DR2-router R2-router R1-DR1.When PC2 asks the multicast packet 2 of IPC2, then the SPT that PC2 is corresponding is router R1-DR1.When PC3 asks the multicast packet 3 of IPC3, then the SPT that PC3 is corresponding is router R3-router R1-DR1.When PC4 asks the multicast packet 4 of IPC4, then the SPT that PC4 is corresponding is router R4-router R2-router R1-DR1.
Ask in the process of the multicast packet 3 of IPC3, the multicast packet 4 of PC4 request IPC4 at the multicast packet 2 that PC1 asks the multicast packet 1 of IPC1, PC2 asks IPC2, PC3, then multicast packet 1 is sent to DR1 by IPC1, multicast packet 2 is sent to DR1 by IPC2, multicast packet 3 is sent to DR1 by IPC3, and multicast packet 4 is sent to DR1 by IPC4.Based on this, multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 can all be sent to router R1 by DR1.
On router R1, when PC1 adds multicast group (228.1.1.1), because the multicast group address of IPC1, IPC2, IPC3 and IPC4 is 228.1.1.1, all at transmission multicast packet, therefore, router R1 records the corresponding relation of information about multicast source, multicast group information and interface E1 in multicast routing table, as shown in table 1.In like manner, when PC2 adds multicast group (228.1.1.1), router R1 records the corresponding relation of information about multicast source, multicast group information and interface E4 in multicast routing table, when PC3 adds multicast group (228.1.1.1), router R1 records the corresponding relation of information about multicast source, multicast group information and interface E2 in multicast routing table, when PC4 adds multicast group (228.1.1.1), the corresponding relation that the corresponding relation of its record records when adding multicast group with PC1 is identical, now no longer repeats record.
Table 1
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 |
Based on above-mentioned multicast routing table, router R1 can send multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 respectively by interface E1, interface E2, interface E4, namely multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 can be sent to router R2, router R3 and PC2 respectively.Other router safeguards that the mode of multicast routing table and router R1 safeguard that the mode of multicast routing table is identical, does not repeat them here.Further, multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 can be sent to PC3 by router R3.Multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 can be sent to router R4 and DR2 by router R2.Multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 can be sent to PC4 by router R4.Multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4 can be sent to PC1 by DR2.
Based on said process, PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 all have received multicast packet 1, multicast packet 2, multicast packet 3, multicast packet 4.In fact, PC1 only needs to receive multicast packet 1, PC2 only needs to receive multicast packet 2, PC3 and only needs to receive multicast packet 3, PC4 and only need to receive multicast packet 4.Obviously, the forwarding resource of aforesaid way meeting waste bandwidth and each router, and also each PC all needs to filter out the multicast packet self not needing to receive, and adds the processing expenditure of each PC.
For the problems referred to above, in the embodiment of the present invention, consider the SPT that multicast receivers is corresponding, identical with the unicast path between multicast receivers and multicast source, SPT as corresponding in PC1 is DR2-router R2-router R1-DR1, and the unicast path between PC1 and IPC1 is DR2-router R2-router R1-DR1.Therefore, can safeguard based on the unicast path between multicast receivers and multicast source and upgrade multicast routing table, make can not comprise invalid interface in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table, then make multicast packet can not be forwarded by by invalid interface, thus avoid the waste of bandwidth resources and forwarding resource.And send to the multicast packet of multicast receivers to be all effective multicast packets, multicast receivers does not need to filter out invalid multicast packet, thus save the processing expenditure of multicast receivers.
Based on above-mentioned discovery, propose a kind of transmission method of multicast packet in the embodiment of the present invention, the method can be applied in video monitoring system, and this video monitoring system specifically can comprise multicast source, multicast receivers, the network equipment and NVR.Wherein, multicast source includes but not limited to IPC, and multicast receivers includes but not limited to PC, and the network equipment includes but not limited to router.As shown in Figure 1, IPC1, IPC2, IPC3 and IPC4 are multicast source, and PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 are multicast receivers, and router R1, router R2, router R3, router R4, DR1, DR2 are the network equipment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, because NVR possesses the ability of managing multicast source (as IPC etc.) and multicast receivers (as PC etc.), therefore, in the process of the multicast packet in multicast receivers on-demand multicasting source, NVR can obtain information about multicast source, multicast group information and multicast receivers information.Wherein, information about multicast source specifically can include but not limited to: the unique identification of multicast source and/or IP address, and multicast receivers information specifically can include but not limited to: the unique identification of multicast receivers and/or IP address.
On this basis, in muticast data transmission process between multicast source and multicast receivers, NVR sends notice message to multicast receivers, at least carries information about multicast source (comprising the unicast ip address of multicast source), multicast group information in this notice message.Wherein, this notice message can adopt the SIP (SessionInitiationProtocol of application layer, session initiation protocol) agreement, command name (ZUBO_CONTROL), information about multicast source (as the mark IPC1 of IPC, the unicast ip address 202.8.20.1 of IPC), multicast group address (as 228.1.1.1) can be comprised in this notice message.Multicast receivers information (as the mark PC1 of PC, the unicast ip address 99.10.1.1 etc. of PC) can also be comprised in this notice message.
Wherein, the opportunity that NVR sends notice message to multicast receivers can be selected arbitrarily based on actual conditions, as long as in the muticast data transmission process between multicast source and multicast receivers.Such as, when NVR knows that the SPT of multicast receivers has set up, send notice message to multicast receivers; Or, when NVR knows that multicast receivers has started receiving multicast data, send notice message to multicast receivers.Certainly, the opportunity sending notice message can also be other situation, does not repeat them here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, multicast receivers is after receiving notice message, and send reverse path query messages to multicast source, this reverse path query messages is unicast messages, and namely the destination address of this reverse path query messages is the unicast address of multicast source.In addition, information about multicast source (unique identification of multicast source and/or IP address) and multicast group information (multicast group address) is carried in this reverse path query messages.
Wherein, reverse path query messages can adopt the Session Initiation Protocol of application layer.
Wherein, the transmission path of reverse path query messages is the unicast path between multicast receivers and multicast source, and unicast path between multicast receivers with the multicast source SPT corresponding with multicast receivers is identical.Reverse path query messages is sent to IPC1 for PC1, then the object IP address of reverse path query messages is the unicast ip address of IPC1, carry information about multicast source (as the unique identification of IPC1 and/or the IP address of IPC1) and multicast group information (multicast group address) in this reverse path query messages, and the transmission path of this reverse path query messages is PC1-DR2-router R2-router R1-DR1-IPC1.
Based on this transmission path, reverse path query messages is sent to DR2 by PC1, reverse path query messages is sent to router R2 by DR2, reverse path query messages is sent to router R1 by router R2, reverse path query messages is sent to DR1 by router R1, reverse path query messages is sent to IPC1 by DR1, so far completes the transmitting procedure of reverse path query messages.In the transmitting procedure of reverse path query messages, the network equipment (as DR2, router R2, router R1, DR1 etc.) is identical based on the processing mode of reverse path query messages, and the follow-up process for router R1 is described.
Under above-mentioned application scenarios, as shown in Figure 2, the transmission method of this multicast packet comprises the following steps:
Step 201, network equipment receiving group recipient sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source, and forwards reverse path query messages to multicast source.Wherein, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information in this reverse path query messages, the destination address of reverse path query messages is the unicast address of multicast source.
Step 202, the network equipment utilizes this reverse path query messages to upgrade multicast routing table item.Wherein, the information about multicast source of this multicast routing table item is the information about multicast source carried in this reverse path query messages, the multicast group information of this multicast routing table item is the multicast group information of carrying in this reverse path query messages, and the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item comprises the interface receiving this reverse path query messages.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the network equipment utilizes reverse path query messages to upgrade the process of multicast routing table item, specifically can include but not limited to as under type: the network equipment judges whether to exist in the multicast routing table of this locality the information about multicast source that carries in this reverse path query messages and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information.If there is no, then the network equipment creates multicast routing table item in the multicast routing table of this locality, and in this multicast routing table item, record this information about multicast source and this multicast group information, and record receives the interface of this reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, and preset mark for this multicast routing table item is arranged.If existed, then the network equipment is directly inquired about this information about multicast source and whether is provided with default mark with the multicast routing table item corresponding to this multicast group information; Preset mark if had, then the network equipment directly records the interface receiving this reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item; If Non-precondition identifies, then the network equipment retains the interface receiving this reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, and other interface deleted outside the interface receiving this reverse path query messages, and preset mark for this multicast routing table item is arranged.
Wherein, preset mark (as mark T etc.) and represent that corresponding multicast routing table item is for create based on reverse path query messages.For the message (as joined message) according to existing multicast routing protocol the multicast routing table item that creates, it does not arrange corresponding default mark, 12 multicast routing table items as shown in table 1, does not all arrange corresponding default mark.And adopting the multicast routing table item that the reverse path query messages in the embodiment of the present invention creates, the network equipment can preset mark for this multicast routing table item is arranged.
Wherein, in the process that reverse path query messages transmits along unicast path, each network equipment is intercepted reverse path query messages.If listen to reverse path query messages (namely multicast receivers sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source), then the network equipment utilizes the destination address of this reverse path query messages to continue to this reverse path query messages of multicast source direction forwarding, and utilizes the information about multicast source and multicast group information renewal multicast routing table item that carry in this reverse path query messages.
For the process of the router R1 in Fig. 1, suppose currently not set up the multicast routing table shown in table 1, router R1 is after receiving PC1 and sending to the reverse path query messages of IPC1, the information of the IPC1 carried in this reverse path query messages and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1 is there is not in multicast routing table, therefore, multicast routing table item is created in multicast routing table, and in this multicast routing table item, record information and the 228.1.1.1 of IPC1, and record receives the interface E1 of this reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, and preset mark for this multicast routing table item is arranged, as shown in table 2.In like manner, router R1 sends to the multicast routing table item created during the reverse path query messages of IPC2 receiving PC2, router R1 sends to the multicast routing table item created during the reverse path query messages of IPC3 receiving PC3, router R1 sends to the multicast routing table item created during the reverse path query messages of IPC4 receiving PC4, all can be as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
Suppose currently to have set up the multicast routing table shown in table 1, then router R1 is after receiving PC1 and sending to the reverse path query messages of IPC1, the information of the IPC1 carried in this reverse path query messages and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1 is there is in multicast routing table, but the information of this IPC1 and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1 are not arranged presets mark, therefore, router R1 retains the multicast routing table item that forwarding interface is the interface E1 receiving reverse path query messages in the information of IPC1 and all multicast routing table items corresponding to 228.1.1.1, and delete the multicast routing table item that forwarding interface is other interface, and preset mark for the multicast routing table item retained is arranged, as shown in table 3.In like manner, router R1 sends to the multicast routing table item upgraded during the reverse path query messages of IPC2 receiving PC2, can be as shown in table 4.Router R1 sends to the multicast routing table item upgraded during the reverse path query messages of IPC3 receiving PC3, can be as shown in table 5.Router R1 sends to the multicast routing table item upgraded during the reverse path query messages of IPC4 receiving PC4, can be as shown in table 6.
Table 3
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | No |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | No |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | No |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | No |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | No |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | No |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | No |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | No |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | No |
Table 4
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | No |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | No |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | No |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | No |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | No |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | No |
Table 5
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | No |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | No |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | No |
Table 6
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have |
Suppose currently to have set up the multicast routing table shown in table 2 or table 6, router R1 is after receiving PC5 (not embodying in figure) and sending to the reverse path query messages of IPC1, there is the information of the IPC1 carried in this reverse path query messages and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1 in multicast routing table, and the information of IPC1 and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1 are provided with and preset mark.Under supposing that PC5 is connected to router R4, owing to having recorded the interface E1 receiving reverse path query messages in the information of IPC1 and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1, therefore no longer upgrade multicast routing table item.Under supposing that PC5 is connected to router R3, owing to not having to record the interface E2 receiving reverse path query messages in the information of IPC1 and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1, therefore in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, record receives the interface E2 of this reverse path query messages, as shown in table 7.
Table 7
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1/ interface E2 | Have |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
Step 203, the network equipment, when the information about multicast source received in coupling multicast routing table item and the multicast packet of multicast group information, utilizes the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item to forward this multicast packet.
For the process of the router R1 in Fig. 1, suppose currently to set up the multicast routing table shown in table 2, router R1, when receiving the multicast packet 1 from IPC1, sends multicast packet 1 by interface E1.Router R1, when receiving the multicast packet 2 from IPC2, sends multicast packet 2 by interface E4.Router R1, when receiving the multicast packet 3 from IPC3, sends multicast packet 3 by interface E2.Router R1, when receiving the multicast packet 4 from IPC4, sends multicast packet 4 by interface E1.Therefore, router R1 can not by invalid interface multicast data forwarding.
Based on technique scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, the network equipment is based on the information about multicast source carried in reverse path query messages and multicast group information, and the interface network equipment receiving reverse path query messages is to safeguard multicast routing table item, make can not comprise invalid interface in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item, therefore, multicast packet can not be forwarded by by invalid interface, thus avoids the waste of bandwidth resources.And send to the multicast packet of multicast receivers to be all effective multicast packets, multicast receivers does not need to filter out invalid multicast packet, thus save the processing expenditure of multicast receivers.
When multicast receivers no longer asks the multicast packet of multicast source, beta pruning process can also be comprised, multicast receivers sends reverse path prune message to multicast source, and this reverse path prune message is unicast messages, and namely the destination address of reverse path prune message is the unicast address of multicast source.In addition, information about multicast source (unique identification of multicast source and/or IP address) and multicast group information (multicast group address) is carried in this reverse path prune message.Wherein, reverse path prune message can adopt the Session Initiation Protocol of application layer.
Wherein, the transmission path of reverse path prune message is the unicast path between multicast receivers and multicast source, and unicast path between multicast receivers with the multicast source SPT corresponding with multicast receivers is identical.Reverse path prune message is sent to IPC1 for PC1, then the object IP address of reverse path prune message is the unicast ip address of IPC1, carry information about multicast source (as the unique identification of IPC1 and/or the IP address of IPC1) and multicast group information (multicast group address) in this reverse path prune message, and the transmission path of reverse path prune message is PC1-DR2-router R2-router R1-DR1-IPC1.
Based on this transmission path, reverse path prune message is sent to DR2 by PC1, reverse path prune message is sent to router R2 by DR2, reverse path prune message is sent to router R1 by router R2, reverse path prune message is sent to DR1 by router R1, reverse path prune message is sent to IPC1 by DR1, so far completes the transmitting procedure of reverse path prune message.In the transmitting procedure of reverse path prune message, the network equipment (as DR2, router R2, router R1, DR1 etc.) is identical based on the processing mode of reverse path prune message, and the follow-up process for router R1 is described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, network equipment receiving group recipient sends to the reverse path prune message of multicast source, and forwards this reverse path prune message to multicast source.Wherein, in this reverse path prune message, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information, and the destination address of this reverse path prune message is the unicast address of multicast source.Further, the network equipment is from the multicast routing table of this locality, inquire the multicast routing table item corresponding to information about multicast source and multicast group information carried in reverse path prune message, and from the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, delete the interface receiving reverse path prune message.
In the embodiment of the present invention, delete after receiving the interface of reverse path prune message in the forwarding interface from the multicast routing table item inquired, if also there is other interface in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, then the network equipment stays this multicast routing table item in the continuation of insurance of multicast routing table relaying.If there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, then adopt following processing mode: mode one, the network equipment directly delete this multicast routing table item from multicast routing table.Or mode two, the network equipment stay this multicast routing table item in the continuation of insurance of multicast routing table relaying.Or mode three, the network equipment stay this multicast routing table item in the continuation of insurance of multicast routing table relaying, but arrange ageing timer for this multicast routing table item.Before this ageing timer time-out, if having recorded new interface in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, then delete this ageing timer.After this ageing timer time-out, if do not record new interface in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, then from multicast routing table, delete this multicast routing table item.
For the process of the router R1 in Fig. 1, suppose currently to have set up the multicast routing table shown in table 7, router R1 is after receiving PC5 (not embodying in figure) and sending to the reverse path prune message of IPC1, from multicast routing table, inquire the information of IPC1 and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1, and from the forwarding interface (interface E1 and interface E2) of this multicast routing table item, delete the interface E2 receiving reverse path prune message.Now owing to also there is interface E1 in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, therefore stay this multicast routing table item in the continuation of insurance of multicast routing table relaying, as shown in table 2.
Suppose currently to have set up the multicast routing table shown in table 2, router R1 is after receiving PC1 and sending to the reverse path prune message of IPC1, from multicast routing table, inquire the information of IPC1 and multicast routing table item corresponding to 228.1.1.1, and from the forwarding interface (interface E1) of this multicast routing table item, delete the interface E1 receiving reverse path prune message.Owing to there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of this multicast routing table item, therefore, mode one, directly deletes this multicast routing table item from multicast routing table, as shown in table 8.Mode two, stay this multicast routing table item in the continuation of insurance of multicast routing table relaying, as shown in table 9, under which, multicast routing table item can not be deleted.Mode three, stay this multicast routing table item in the continuation of insurance of multicast routing table relaying, but arrange ageing timer for this multicast routing table item, as shown in table 10, under which, multicast routing table item can be deleted due to the time-out of ageing timer.
Wherein, in mode two and mode three, multicast routing table item is not cleared, but under forwarding interface, have recorded NULL (sky), its objective is when there being the multicast packet of multicast receivers request multicast source, do not need to re-establish multicast routing table item, directly increase interface at original multicast routing table item.
Table 8
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
Table 9
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | NULL | Have |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
Table 10
| Information about multicast source | Multicast group information | Forwarding interface | Preset mark | Ageing timer |
| The information of IPC1 | 228.1.1.1 | NULL | Have | Have |
| The information of IPC2 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E4 | Have | |
| The information of IPC3 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E2 | Have | |
| The information of IPC4 | 228.1.1.1 | Interface E1 | Have |
Based on the inventive concept same with said method, additionally provide a kind of transmitting device of multicast packet in the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitting device application of this multicast packet on network devices.Wherein, the transmitting device of this multicast packet can pass through software simulating, also can be realized by the mode of hardware or software and hardware combining.For software simulating, as the device on a logical meaning, be the processor of the network equipment by its place, computer program instructions corresponding in nonvolatile memory read in internal memory to run and formed.Say from hardware view, as shown in Figure 3, for a kind of hardware structure diagram of the network equipment at the transmitting device place of the multicast packet of the present invention's proposition, except the processor shown in Fig. 3, network interface, internal memory and nonvolatile memory, the network equipment can also comprise other hardware, as the forwarding chip etc. of responsible process message; From hardware configuration, this network equipment may be also distributed apparatus, may comprise multiple interface card, to carry out the expansion of Message processing at hardware view.
As shown in Figure 4, be the structure chart of the transmitting device of the multicast packet of the present invention's proposition, the transmitting device of described multicast packet is applied on network devices, and the transmitting device of described multicast packet specifically comprises:
Receiver module 11, sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source for receiving group recipient, and forwards described reverse path query messages to described multicast source; Wherein, in described reverse path query messages, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information, and destination address is the unicast address of described multicast source;
Maintenance module 12, multicast routing table item is upgraded for utilizing described reverse path query messages, the information about multicast source of described multicast routing table item is the information about multicast source carried in described reverse path query messages, the multicast group information of described multicast routing table item is the multicast group information of carrying in described reverse path query messages, and the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item comprises the interface receiving described reverse path query messages;
Sending module 13, for when the multicast packet of the information about multicast source received in the described multicast routing table item of coupling and multicast group information, utilizes the forwarding interface multicast data forwarding of described multicast routing table item.
Described maintenance module 12, specifically for judging whether to exist in local multicast routing table the multicast routing table item corresponding to the information about multicast source and multicast group information that carry in described reverse path query messages;
If there is no, then in the multicast routing table of this locality, create multicast routing table item, and in described multicast routing table item, record described information about multicast source and described multicast group information, and record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged; If existed, then inquire about described information about multicast source and the multicast routing table item corresponding to described multicast group information and whether be provided with and preset mark;
If had, then in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages; If do not had, in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, then retain the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, and other interface deleted outside the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged.
Described receiver module 11, also sends to the reverse path prune message of multicast source for receiving group recipient, and forwards described reverse path prune message to described multicast source; Carry information about multicast source and multicast group information in described reverse path prune message, and destination address is the unicast address of described multicast source; Described maintenance module 12, also for from the multicast routing table of this locality, inquire the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path prune message and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information, and from the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, delete the interface receiving described reverse path prune message.
Described maintenance module 12, also in the forwarding interface from the multicast routing table item inquired delete receive the interface of described reverse path prune message after, if also there is other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in retaining in the multicast routing table of this locality; If there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the multicast routing table item that inquires described in retaining in the multicast routing table of this locality, and for described in the multicast routing table item that inquires ageing timer is set; Before described ageing timer time-out, if record new interface in the forwarding interface of the described multicast routing table item inquired, then delete described ageing timer; After described ageing timer time-out, if described in do not record new interface, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in deleting from multicast routing table in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item that inquires.
In the embodiment of the present invention, described application of installation is in video monitoring system, and described multicast source comprises IPC, and the unicast address of information about multicast source, multicast group information, multicast source is that NVR informs multicast receivers.
Wherein, the modules of apparatus of the present invention can be integrated in one, and also can be separated deployment.Above-mentioned module can merge into a module, also can split into multiple submodule further.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that the present invention can add required general hardware platform by software and realize, and can certainly pass through hardware, but in a lot of situation, the former is better execution mode.Based on such understanding, technical scheme of the present invention can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, this computer software product is stored in a storage medium, comprising some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform method described in each embodiment of the present invention.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the module in accompanying drawing or flow process might not be that enforcement the present invention is necessary.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the module in the device in embodiment can carry out being distributed in the device of embodiment according to embodiment description, also can carry out respective change and be arranged in the one or more devices being different from the present embodiment.The module of above-described embodiment can merge into a module, also can split into multiple submodule further.The invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
Be only several specific embodiment of the present invention above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a transmission method for multicast packet, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Network equipment receiving group recipient sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source, forwards described reverse path query messages to described multicast source; Carry information about multicast source and multicast group information in described reverse path query messages, the destination address of described reverse path query messages is the unicast address of described multicast source;
The described network equipment utilizes described reverse path query messages to upgrade multicast routing table item, the information about multicast source of described multicast routing table item is the information about multicast source carried in described reverse path query messages, the multicast group information of described multicast routing table item is the multicast group information of carrying in described reverse path query messages, and the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item comprises the interface receiving described reverse path query messages;
The described network equipment, when the information about multicast source received in the described multicast routing table item of coupling and the multicast packet of multicast group information, utilizes the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item to forward described multicast packet.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described network equipment utilizes described reverse path query messages to upgrade the process of multicast routing table item, specifically comprises:
The described network equipment judges whether to exist in local multicast routing table the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path query messages and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information;
If there is no, then the described network equipment creates multicast routing table item in the multicast routing table of this locality, described information about multicast source and described multicast group information is recorded in described multicast routing table item, and record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged; If existed, then whether the described network equipment is inquired about described information about multicast source and the multicast routing table item corresponding to described multicast group information and is provided with and presets mark;
If had, the described network equipment records the interface receiving described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item; If do not had, the described network equipment retains the interface receiving described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, delete other interface outside the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises further:
Described network equipment receiving group recipient sends to the reverse path prune message of multicast source, forwards described reverse path prune message to multicast source; Carry information about multicast source and multicast group information in described reverse path prune message, and the destination address of described reverse path prune message is the unicast address of multicast source;
The described network equipment is from the multicast routing table of this locality, inquire the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path prune message and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information, and from the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, delete the interface receiving described reverse path prune message.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described network equipment is after deletion receives the interface of described reverse path prune message, and described method comprises further:
If also there is other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the described network equipment retain in the multicast routing table of this locality described in the multicast routing table item that inquires;
If there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the described network equipment retain in the multicast routing table of this locality described in the multicast routing table item that inquires, and for described in the multicast routing table item that inquires ageing timer is set; Before described ageing timer time-out, if record new interface in the forwarding interface of the described multicast routing table item inquired, then delete described ageing timer; After described ageing timer time-out, if described in do not record new interface, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in deleting from multicast routing table in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item that inquires.
5. the method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described method is applied in video monitoring system, described multicast source comprises web camera IPC, and the unicast address of information about multicast source, multicast group information, multicast source is that network hard disk video recorder NVR informs multicast receivers.
6. a transmitting device for multicast packet, is characterized in that, the transmitting device of described multicast packet is applied on network devices, and the transmitting device of described multicast packet specifically comprises:
Receiver module, sends to the reverse path query messages of multicast source for receiving group recipient, and forwards described reverse path query messages to described multicast source; Wherein, in described reverse path query messages, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information, and destination address is the unicast address of described multicast source;
Maintenance module, multicast routing table item is upgraded for utilizing described reverse path query messages, the information about multicast source of described multicast routing table item is the information about multicast source carried in described reverse path query messages, the multicast group information of described multicast routing table item is the multicast group information of carrying in described reverse path query messages, and the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item comprises the interface receiving described reverse path query messages;
Sending module, for when the multicast packet of the information about multicast source received in the described multicast routing table item of coupling and multicast group information, utilizes the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item to forward described multicast packet.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described maintenance module, specifically for judging whether to exist in local multicast routing table the multicast routing table item corresponding to the information about multicast source and multicast group information that carry in described reverse path query messages;
If there is no, then in the multicast routing table of this locality, create multicast routing table item, and in described multicast routing table item, record described information about multicast source and described multicast group information, and record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged; If existed, then inquire about described information about multicast source and the multicast routing table item corresponding to described multicast group information and whether be provided with and preset mark;
If had, then in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, record receives the interface of described reverse path query messages; If do not had, in the forwarding interface of described multicast routing table item, then retain the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, and other interface deleted outside the interface receiving described reverse path query messages, and preset mark for described multicast routing table item is arranged.
8. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described receiver module, also sends to the reverse path prune message of multicast source for receiving group recipient, and forwards described reverse path prune message to described multicast source; Wherein, in described reverse path prune message, carry information about multicast source and multicast group information, and destination address is the unicast address of described multicast source;
Described maintenance module, also for from the multicast routing table of this locality, inquire the information about multicast source that carries in described reverse path prune message and the multicast routing table item corresponding to multicast group information, and from the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, delete the interface receiving described reverse path prune message.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that,
Described maintenance module, also in the forwarding interface from the multicast routing table item inquired delete receive the interface of described reverse path prune message after, if also there is other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in retaining in the multicast routing table of this locality; If there is not other interface in the forwarding interface of the multicast routing table item inquired, then the multicast routing table item that inquires described in retaining in the multicast routing table of this locality, and for described in the multicast routing table item that inquires ageing timer is set; Before described ageing timer time-out, if record new interface in the forwarding interface of the described multicast routing table item inquired, then delete described ageing timer; After described ageing timer time-out, if described in do not record new interface, then the multicast routing table item inquired described in deleting from multicast routing table in the forwarding interface of multicast routing table item that inquires.
10. the device according to any one of claim 6-9, it is characterized in that, described application of installation is in video monitoring system, described multicast source comprises web camera IPC, and the unicast address of information about multicast source, multicast group information, multicast source is that network hard disk video recorder NVR informs multicast receivers.
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