CN105331794B - 一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法 - Google Patents
一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105331794B CN105331794B CN201510709044.6A CN201510709044A CN105331794B CN 105331794 B CN105331794 B CN 105331794B CN 201510709044 A CN201510709044 A CN 201510709044A CN 105331794 B CN105331794 B CN 105331794B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法，用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理,高碳半钢材质辊环的化学组分和各组分含量百分比为，C：1.70～2.50%，Si：0.40～1.00%，Mn：0.70～1.50%，P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%，Cr：1.5‑4.5%，Ni：0.30～1.50%，Mo+V+W：0.20～1.50%，其余为Fe和不可避免杂质,热处理方法包括以下步骤，A、铸造；B、第一次热处理；C、第二次热处理正火处理。
Description
一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及一种热处理工艺方法，用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法。
背景技术
[0002]乳辊材质优化升级工作越来越成为生产中的一项重点工作。钢厂用的万能水平辊 辊环、立辊，大多采用高碳半钢（ISOCrNiMo)材质，离心复合铸造生产，内层材质为石墨钢。 在生产使用过程中，该种辊环容易出现热裂纹、掉肉现象，乳辊耐磨性较差，增加了换辊频 次，制约钢厂产量和质量的提高。为满足钢厂产量和质量水平的不断提高，对高碳半钢材质 辊环进行了改进，提高了Cr、Ni、Mo、V等合金元素含量，增加了组织的耐磨相。针对高碳半 钢辊环新材质的特性，优化了热处理工艺，以充分发挥合金元素的作用，使辊环的基体组织 得到了进一步的细化，提高了辊环基体的强軔性，改善了辊环的应力状态，提高了辊环的耐 磨性、抗热裂性。
[0003] 万能乳机水平辊辊身被型钢包围，尤其是辊身边角部位，乳材变形量大，受热冲击 大，要求轧辊具有较高的耐磨性、和抗热裂性能。求轧辊具有良好的强軔性。这种对辊身的 高耐磨性和对辊颈的高强軔性要求，采用整体结构轧辊很难达到。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法， 提高乳辊的耐磨性和抗热性。
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案是：
[0006] —种用于高碳半钢材质親环的热处理工艺方法，
[0007] 高碳半钢材质辊环的化学组分和各组分含量百分比为，
[0008] C:1.70〜2.50%，Si:0.40〜1.00%，Mn:0.70〜1.50%，P<0.03%;S<0.03%，Cr:1.5— 4 • 5%，Ni: 0 • 30〜1.50%，M〇+V+W: 0.20〜1.50%，其余为 Fe 和不可避免杂质；
[0009] 热处理方法包括以下步骤，
[0010] A、将各个组分进行混合，铸造高碳半钢材质辊环；
[0011] B、第一次热处理，通过对高碳半钢辊环材质进行CCT曲线基础试验，将高碳半钢材 质辊环加热到800〜850°C，保温时间为20〜30小时；降低温度到720〜780°C，保持10〜20小 时；
[0012] C、第二次热处理正火处理，将辊环整体加热到正火温度920〜960°C，并保温10〜 2〇h;进行油冷淬火，之后进行风冷淬火；
[0013] D、第二次热处理回火处理，将高碳半钢材质辊环装入回火炉加热2〜4小时，升温 至IJ520〜580°C，保温2〜4小时。
[0014] 本发明的进一步改进在于：步骤C中油冷淬火的过程为将高碳半钢材质辊环从加 热炉中吊出到放入淬火油中，在淬火油中放置5〜15分钟，直到高碳半钢材质辊环温度达到 450 〜500。。。
[0015]本发明的进一步改进在于：步骤C中高碳半钢材质辊环从加热炉中吊出到放入淬 火油中的时间不超过5min。
[0016]本发明的进一步改进在于：步骤C中风冷淬火的过程为将高碳半钢材质辊环从淬 火油中吊出，对高碳半钢材质辊环进行吹风，风压为〇. 25〜0 • 40Mpa，吹风时间为30〜60分钟， 风冷淬火完成后高碳半钢材质辊环温度为400〜45(TC。
[0017]本发明的进一步改进在于：风冷淬火过程中乳辊温度下降速度控制在2〜5°C/ min。
[0018] 本发明的进一步改进在于:吹风气体为空气或氮气。
[0019]本发明的进一步改进在于:高碳半钢材质辊环从淬火油中吊出到开始吹风的时间 不超过3分钟。
[0020] 本发明的进一步改进在于：步骤D完成后高碳半钢材质辊环的表面硬度为55〜 65HSD。
[0021]由于采用上述技术方案，本发明所产生的有益效果在于：
[0022] 本发明一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法，改变正火处理过程中的吹 风冷却方式为油冷加风冷的淬火方法。通过恰当控制正火保温时间、油冷时间、不同阶段的 冷却温度，实现了油冷处理。通过本发明的方法进行热处理轧辊提高了乳辊硬度、抗热性。 [0023] 本发明通过控制风量和吹风的强度，使辊环在一定的冷却速度下缓慢冷却，达到 既不使被淬火的辊环工作层返温，也不使辊环冷却过快，使奥氏体缓慢向球光体组织转变， 得到良好的组织形态。通过回火获得到细珠光体应力状态，。通过油冷和风冷的两种冷却方 法的有效配合，生产出硬度达到57HSD以上的高硬度高碳半钢辊环。
具体实施方式
[0024] 一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法，
[0025]高碳半钢材质辊环的化学组分和各组分含量百分比为，
[0026] C:1.70-2.509^51:0.40-1.009^1^:0.70-1.500/0/^0.039^5^0.039^0:1.5-4 • 5%，Ni: 0 • 30〜1 • 50%，M〇+V+W: 0 • 20〜1 • 50%，其余为 Fe 和不可避免杂质；
[0027] 热处理方法包括以下步骤，
[0028] A、将各个组分进行混合，铸造高碳半钢材质辊环。
[0029] B、第一次热处理，通过对高碳半钢辊环材质进行淬火膨胀试验，得出CCT曲线，将 高碳半钢材质辊环加热到8〇〇〜850°C，保温时间为2〇〜3〇小时；降低温度到72〇〜78〇°C，保 持10〜20小时；
[0030] C、第二次热处理正火处理，将辊环整体加热到正火温度920〜960°C，并保温10〜 20h。
[0031] 进行油冷淬火，油冷淬火的过程为将高碳半钢材质辊环从加热炉中吊出到放入淬 火油中，吊出时间不超过5分钟，在淬火油中放置5〜I5分钟，直到高碳半钢材质辊环温度达 至IJ450 〜500°C。
[0032] 之后进行风冷淬火，风冷淬火的过程为将高碳半钢材质辊环从淬火油中吊出，吊 出时间不超过3分钟;对高碳半钢材质辊环进行吹风，风压为〇 •25〜〇 • 40Mpa，吹风时间为30〜 60分钟，风冷淬火过程中轧辊温度下降速度控制在2〜5°C/min，风冷淬火完成后高碳半钢 材质辊环温度为400〜450 °C。
[0033] D、第二次热处理回火处理，将高碳半钢材质辊环装入回火炉加热2〜4小时，升温 至IJ520〜580°C，保温2~4小时。
[0034]淬火完成后高碳半钢材质辊环的表面硬度为55〜65HSD。
[0035] 实施例i
[0036]直径为1100mm的高碳半钢材质辊环，热处理工艺方法包括以下步骤：
[0037] A、进行铸造。
[0038] B、第一次热处理，通过对高碳半钢辊环材质进行得出CCT曲线基础试验，将高碳半 钢材质辊环加热至_(TC，保温时间为20小时;降低温度到75〇°C，保持10小时。
[0039] C、将親环加热到正火温度925〜935°C，保温15小时;打开加热炉，在5分钟内吊出辊 环，放入淬火油中冷却，油冷时间为8分钟，此时乳辊表面的温度达到460°C ;到达时间和温 度后，再将辊环迅速吊出进行吹风冷却，从出油到吹风冷却的时间不能超过3分钟；吹风冷 却的分压为0.28Mpa，当轧辊表面温度不超过450°C且不再升温后再逐步下调风压，整个吹 风过程的时间为40min，防止辊环返温，当辊环表面温度能够保持在420°C时，停止吹风。 [0040] D、将高碳半钢材质辊环装入回火炉加热3小时，升温到550°C，保温3小时。
[0041] 用此方法共生产辊环，硬度均在59〜62HSD，符合硬度要求。
[0042] 实施例2
[0043] 直径为1500nmi的高碳半钢材质辊环，热处理工艺方法包括以下步骤：
[0044] A、进行铸造。
[0045] B、第一次热处理，通过对高碳半钢辊环材质进行得出CCT曲线基础试验，将高碳半 钢材质辊环加热到850°C，保温时间为30小时；降低温度到780°C，保持20小时。
[0046] C、将辊环加热到正火温度940°c，保温10小时;打开加热炉，在5分钟内吊出辊环， 放入淬火油中冷却，油冷时间为1〇分钟，此时轧辊表面的温度达到500 °C ;到达时间和温度 后，再将辊环迅速吊出进行吹风冷却，从出油到吹风冷却的时间不能超过3分钟；吹风冷却 的分压为0.32Mpa，当乳辑表面温度不超过4f50°C且不再升温后再逐步下调风压，整个吹风 过程的时间为60min，防止辊环返温，当辊环表面温度能够保持在400 °C时，停止吹风。
[0047] D、将高碳半钢材质辊环装入回火炉加热4小时，升温到580°C，保温4小时。
[0048] 用此方法共生产辊环，硬度均在58〜60HSD，符合硬度要求。
Claims (3)
1. 一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法，其特征在于： 高碳半钢材质辊环的化学组分和各组分含量百分比为， C:1.70〜2.50%，Si:0.40〜1.00%，Mn:0.70〜1.50%，P<0.03%;S<0.03%，Cr:1.5-4 • 5%，Ni: 0 • 30〜1 • 50%，M〇+V+W: 0 • 20〜1 • 50%，其余为 Fe 和不可避免杂质； 热处理方法包括以下步骤， A、 将各个组分进行混合，铸造高碳半钢材质辊环； B、 第一次热处理，通过对高碳半钢辊环材质进行CCT曲线基础试验，将高碳半钢材质辊 环加热到800〜850°C，保温时间为20〜30小时；降低温度到720〜780°C，保持10〜20小时； C、 第二次热处理正火处理，将辊环整体加热到正火温度920〜960°C，并保温10〜20h; 进行油冷淬火，之后进行风冷淬火;步骤C中油冷淬火的过程为将高碳半钢材质辊环从加热 炉中吊出到放入淬火油中，在淬火油中放置5〜15分钟，直到高碳半钢材质辊环温度达到 450〜500 °C，从加热炉中吊出到放入淬火油中的时间不超过5min;步骤C中风冷淬火的过程 为将高碳半钢材质辊环从淬火油中吊出，对高碳半钢材质辊环进行吹风，风压为0.25〜 0.40MPa，吹风时间为30〜60分钟，风冷淬火过程中轧辊温度下降速度控制在2〜5°C/min， 风冷淬火完成后高碳半钢材质辊环温度为400〜450°C;吹风气体为空气或氮气； D、 第二次热处理回火处理，将高碳半钢材质辊环装入回火炉加热2〜4小时，升温到520 〜580 °C，保温2〜4小时。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高碳半钢材质辊环的热处理工艺方法，其特征在于： 高碳半钢材质辊环从淬火油中吊出到开始吹风的时间不超过3分钟。
3. 根据权利要求1〜2任一项所述的一种用于高碳半钢材质辅环的热处理工艺方法，其 特征在于:步骤D完成后高碳半钢材质辊环的表面硬度为55〜65HSD。
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