CN105331521B

CN105331521B - Solid-state organic waste anaerobic fermentation box applying horizontal electric field

Info

Publication number: CN105331521B
Application number: CN201510715453.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯晶; 赵立欣; 姚宗路; 罗娟
Original assignee: Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
Current assignee: Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
Priority date: 2015-10-30
Filing date: 2015-10-30
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-30
Also published as: CN105331521A

Abstract

The invention provides a solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation tank applying a horizontal electric field. The anaerobic fermentation box comprises a sealing door (1), an anaerobic fermentation chamber (2), a horizontal electric field generation system (3), a liquid storage chamber (4), a partition plate (5), a spraying system (6), a heat preservation system (7) and an air outlet (8). An anode part (3a), a cathode part (3b), an anode connecting lead (3c) and a cathode connecting lead (3d) are respectively arranged at two sides of the anaerobic fermentation box (2). A horizontal electric field is formed in the anaerobic fermentation box after electrification, and soluble organic matters such as sugars, proteins and volatile acids generated by anaerobic fermentation of the solid organic materials flow out with the percolate at an accelerated speed under the action of the electric field, so that the gas production efficiency of the anaerobic fermentation box is improved. The device can promote the efficiency of producing methane by anaerobic fermentation of the solid organic waste under lower voltage, improve the solid content of anaerobic fermentation residues and reduce the subsequent treatment cost.

Description

Solid-state organic waste anaerobic fermentation box applying horizontal electric field

Technical Field

The invention relates to an anaerobic fermentation tank for solid organic waste, in particular to an anaerobic fermentation tank for solid organic waste applying a horizontal electric field.

Background

The disposal and recycling of solid organic wastes are always an important issue in the field of environmental protection. In recent years, the amount of solid organic wastes such as agricultural and forestry wastes, agricultural processing wastes, dewatered municipal sludge, and kitchen wastes has been greatly increased in recent years. These solid wastes contain a large amount of organic matter, which poses a great threat to the environment if not disposed of in a timely manner. Currently, the methods for treating these solid wastes mainly include: landfill, composting, incineration and anaerobic fermentation. The anaerobic fermentation method can recycle the energy in the waste while treating the waste, and the construction and operation costs are relatively low. Therefore, anaerobic fermentation is the preferred method for treating these solid wastes.

Patent CN201210008736 provides a straw dry fermentation device, patent CN201210149778 provides an anaerobic dry fermentation device and an anaerobic dry fermentation process using the same, and patent CN201410655405 provides a box type anaerobic dry fermentation reactor. Although these existing dry fermentation reactors can perform anaerobic fermentation of solid organic waste. However, when the solid content of the anaerobic fermentation material is higher than 15%, the mass transfer performance is deteriorated. The anaerobic fermentation product of the solid organic waste is difficult to contact with anaerobic microorganisms, and the methane production efficiency by anaerobic fermentation is reduced. Meanwhile, the water content of the anaerobic fermentation residues is higher, so that the cost for recycling the anaerobic fermentation residues is increased. These current solid organic waste fermentation apparatuses do not fundamentally solve these problems. Therefore, designing a technical method and equipment for promoting the mass transfer rate of the solid organic waste hydrolysate is a new subject in the field of solid material treatment at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to promote the migration of anaerobic fermentation products of solid organic waste by using a horizontal electric field, improve the gas production efficiency of anaerobic fermentation and reduce the subsequent treatment cost of anaerobic fermentation residues.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides an organic waste anaerobic fermentation box applying a horizontal electric field, which comprises a sealing door (1), an anaerobic fermentation chamber (2), a horizontal electric field generation system (3), a liquid storage chamber (4), a partition plate (5), a spraying system (6), a temperature-increasing and heat-preserving system (7) and an air outlet (8), wherein:

the organic waste is subjected to anaerobic degradation in the anaerobic fermentation chamber (2);

the spraying system (6) sprays biogas slurry to leach soluble organic substances generated by anaerobic decomposition of the organic wastes;

the horizontal electric field generated by the horizontal electric field generating system (3) promotes the soluble organic matters to migrate to the liquid storage chamber (4) along with the leacheate;

the liquid storage chamber (4) is used for storing percolate and generating liquid-phase organic matter anaerobic fermentation;

the temperature increasing and preserving system (7) is used for maintaining the temperature in the fermentation box.

The solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation box adopts a horizontal electric field based on electroosmosis, electromigration and electrophoresis to promote the migration of leacheate and organic matters dissolved in the leacheate.

In particular, the electric field strength of the horizontal electric field is 10 to 200V/m, preferably 50V/m.

Wherein the electric promotion system consists of a separator (3e), a filter medium (3f) and a cathode and anode electrode plate (3 g).

Particularly, the cathode plate and the anode plate are net-shaped electrode plates, the electrode plates are made of corrosion-resistant conductive materials, preferably titanium coating iridium oxide electrodes, the filter media are flexible filter media such as filter cloth, and the partition plates are stainless steel plates with holes.

The anaerobic fermentation tank for organic waste applying horizontal electric field of the invention has the following advantages:

1. promotes the mass transfer process in the dry fermentation bin and improves the gas production performance of anaerobic fermentation. A horizontal electric field based on electroosmosis, electromigration and electrophoresis is adopted to promote the migration of leacheate and dissolved organic matters in the leacheate, so that the anaerobic decomposition products of soluble solid organic wastes such as saccharides, proteins and volatile acids flow out of an anaerobic fermentation tank along with percolate, and the anaerobic decomposition products are subjected to high-efficiency reaction in a liquid-phase organic matter anaerobic fermentation device, and further the anaerobic fermentation gas production performance of the fermentation tank is improved;

2. the solid content of the biogas residues is improved, and the treatment and disposal cost of the biogas residues is reduced. By means of the migration of the electro-elution liquid and the dissolved organic matters, the solid-liquid separation efficiency of the organic wastes in the fermentation tank is improved, the water content of the organic waste residues is reduced, and the time and the cost for the comprehensive utilization of the organic wastes are shortened.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal electric field generating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: FIG. 1 shows a sealing door 1; 2 is an anaerobic fermentation chamber; 3 is a horizontal electric field generating system, wherein 3a is an anode part, 3b is a cathode part, 3c is a lead connected with the anode, and 3d is a lead connected with the cathode; 4 is a liquid storage chamber; 5 is a clapboard; 6 is a spraying system, wherein 6a is a pipeline pump, 6b is a biogas slurry pipe, and 6c is a spraying head; 7 is a heating and heat-preserving system; and 8 is an air outlet.

In FIG. 2, 7 is a heating and heat-preserving system, 3e is a partition plate, 3f is a filter medium, and 3g is an electrode plate.

Detailed Description

The invention provides an anaerobic fermentation tank for solid organic waste, which realizes convenient and effective fermentation of the solid organic waste, increases the gas production efficiency, reduces the water content of fermentation residues and improves the practicability of the device.

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an organic waste anaerobic fermentation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical actuator system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

The invention provides a solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation box applying a horizontal electric field, which comprises a sealing door (1), an anaerobic fermentation chamber (2), a horizontal electric field generation system (3), a liquid storage chamber (4), a partition plate (5), a spraying system (6), a temperature-raising and heat-preserving system (7) and an air outlet (8).

Two sides of the anaerobic fermentation box (2) are respectively provided with a horizontal electric field generating system (3), and the horizontal electric field generating system (3) consists of an anode part (3a), a cathode part (3b), an anode connecting lead (3c) and a cathode connecting lead (3 d); the anode portion (3a) and the cathode portion (3b) are respectively constituted by a separator (3e), a filter medium (3f), and an electrode plate (3 g). The electrode plate (3g) adopts a mesh titanium coating yttrium oxide electrode, the filter medium (3f) is filter cloth, and the partition plate (3e) is a mesh stainless steel plate. The horizontal electric field intensity in the anaerobic fermentation box after the electrodes are electrified is 50V/m.

When the solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation box is used, firstly, the sealing door (1) is opened, a certain amount of biogas slurry is input into the liquid storage chamber (4) through the partition plate (5), then, a certain amount of mixture of the solid organic waste and the inoculum is filled into the anaerobic fermentation chamber (2), the mixture entering the anaerobic fermentation chamber (2) is all arranged above the partition plate (5), the pipeline pump (6a) is started, the biogas slurry in the liquid storage chamber (4) is conveyed to the spray head (6c) through the pipeline, the organic waste is fully contacted with the biogas slurry in a spraying mode, at the moment, the temperature-increasing and heat-preserving system (7) starts to work to keep the temperature in the fermentation box, the efficient and stable fermentation process is ensured, meanwhile, the horizontal electric field generating system (3) is connected with a power supply, a horizontal electric field is generated in the fermentation box, leacheate is promoted to carry out soluble organic matters generated by the anaerobic fermentation of the solid organic waste and enter the liquid, finally, the generated biogas is led out through an air outlet (8), after the fermentation is finished, the sealing door (1) is opened to discharge the fermentation residues, and the mixture of the solid organic waste and the inoculum is refilled, so that the fermentation process is repeatedly carried out.

By applying the horizontal electric field, the gas production rate of the solid organic waste can be improved by more than 15%, and the solid content of the anaerobic fermentation residues can be improved by more than 30%.

It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation box applying a horizontal electric field comprises a sealing door (1), an anaerobic fermentation chamber (2), a horizontal electric field generation system (3), a liquid storage chamber (4), a partition plate (5), a spraying system (6), a heat preservation system (7) and an air outlet (8), and is characterized in that the horizontal electric field generation system (3) is installed on two sides of the anaerobic fermentation chamber (2);

wherein, the horizontal electric field generating system (3) consists of an anode part (3a), a cathode part (3b), an anode connecting lead (3c) and a cathode connecting lead (3 d);

wherein the anode portion (3a) and the cathode portion (3b) are respectively composed of a separator (3e), a filter medium (3f), and an electrode plate (3 g); the polar plate (3g) is a mesh polar plate, is made of a corrosion-resistant conductive material and is a titanium coating iridium oxide electrode, the filter medium (3f) is a filter cloth flexible filter medium, and the partition plate (3e) is a stainless steel plate with holes;

wherein, the solid organic waste takes place anaerobic fermentation effect in anaerobic fermentation room (2), spraying system (6) sprays natural pond liquid and rinses the dissoluble organic matter that solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation produced, horizontal electric field generation system (3) provides horizontal electric field for solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation case, the leacheate carries dissoluble organic matter and flows with higher speed under electroosmosis, electromigration and the electrophoresis after applying horizontal electric field in the fermentation case, stock solution room (4) are used for storing the leacheate and take place liquid organic matter anaerobic fermentation, heat preservation system (7) are used for keeping the temperature in the fermentation case, marsh gas that solid organic waste anaerobic fermentation produced passes through gas outlet (8) and discharges.

2. The anaerobic fermentation tank for solid organic waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric field intensity of the horizontal electric field is 10 to 200V/m.

3. The anaerobic fermentation tank for solid organic waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein the electric field intensity of the horizontal electric field is 50V/m.