CN105322606B - For the device and method and battery of battery discharge, battery system and vehicle - Google Patents
For the device and method and battery of battery discharge, battery system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105322606B CN105322606B CN201510347939.XA CN201510347939A CN105322606B CN 105322606 B CN105322606 B CN 105322606B CN 201510347939 A CN201510347939 A CN 201510347939A CN 105322606 B CN105322606 B CN 105322606B
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- battery
- load elements
- hot memory
- pond
- list pond
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0025—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind to be used for battery (10；10 ') equipment discharged, which includes multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n), it is characterised in that: load elements (2001、…、200n), which is used for and converting electrical energy into thermal energy selectively by multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n) battery list pond (1002) electric discharge；Hot memory element (300), the hot memory element and load elements (2001、…、200n) be thermally connected, for receiving and temporarily storing the thermal energy being converted；With control device (400), the control device is for monitoring battery (10；10 ') and pass through load elements (2001、…、200n) cause battery list pond (1002) electric discharge.The invention further relates to batteries (10；10 '), battery system, vehicle and for by battery (10；10 ') method discharged.
Description
Background technique
It is anticipated that: either in static applications, for example in wind power plant, or in mobile application,
Such as electric vehicle (electric vehicle, EV) or hybrid vehicle (hybrid electric vehicle,
It HEV, all will be for example with lithium-ion-battery, lithium-polymer-battery or ni-au category mixture-battery, increasing in)
The new battery system added is used as the energy storage (EES) that can be charged again.
Battery system must be in workable energy content, charge/discharge efficiency, reliability, service life and due to frequent
Meet very high requirement in terms of undesirable capacitance loss caused by partial discharge.
Battery system includes multiple battery lists pond.By its single pond internal resistance and the electrochemical process occurred, battery list pond
It generates heat during charging and discharging.Battery list pond can connect (Serie) connection to improve voltage, and/or can connect side by side,
To improve maximum current.Here, battery list pond can be combined into battery unit or battery module.When being used to drive vehicle, example
About 100 battery list ponds (as traction battery) can be such as connected in series or in parallel.In the case where high-voltage battery system,
Total voltage is therefore up to such as 450V or even 600V.
Lithium-ion-battery list pond includes high response chemical contents, so as to realize that non-hazardous operation must be tieed up
Hold certain operating parameter, such as maximum charging voltage.Therefore, monitoring has lithium-ion-battery list pond battery system
System.For this purpose, for example continuously can monitor or measure the voltage and/or temperature in each battery list pond.However still not
The operating status that can be eliminated danger completely, the operating status of the danger for example may be due to violating operating parameter, mistake use
Or caused by operation or the chemical change caused by aging.This may for example lead to the thermal break-through (Thermal in battery list pond
Runaway), this forms the danger for personnel and environment.
A kind of electric system for vehicle has been disclosed in 10 2,010 029 806 A1 of DE, and the electric system includes: electricity
Power source, especially for driving the electric power source of electric motor；Switch, may make up by the switch or can interrupt the function of vehicle
Electrical connection between rate source and In-vehicle networking；Control device, the control device are configured to by connecting with the control device
Sensor device can be detected predefine in the state of actuate switch, so as between interrupt power source and In-vehicle networking
Electrical connection；With the short-circuit conductors with the discharge resistance of restriction being arranged in it, with for controllably will be with switch and power
The power source electric discharge of source connection, the connection of the short-circuit conductors and switch and power source is so that pass through Operation switch with by power source
It separates with the connection of In-vehicle networking, optionally connects power source short circuit.
In order to further increase the safety of battery (battery) and battery system (battery system), therefore it is required that improving
The electric discharge of battery and battery system under dangerous situation.
Summary of the invention
The advantages of apparatus and method according to the invention of feature with independent claims is the battery list to have charged
Pond such as lithium-ion-battery list pond for example damage and/or it is possible it is dangerous such as fire hazard when in a short time can be by
Electric discharge.Here, not directly for example distributing for occurring is stored first to the thermal energy of the cooling system of battery.Therefore, may be used
To reduce or avoid the thermic load or even overload in the battery list pond during electric discharge.Thermal break-through and/or kindling danger as a result,
Danger can be reduced significantly or best in the case of in addition be prohibited.Therefore, it significantly can improve or improve battery or lithium-
The safety of ion-battery.As only one battery list pond of the load elements to multiple battery lists pond or some battery Dan Chifang
When electric, compared with to all batteries electric discharge, the amount of thermal energy can be reduced.In addition, using the remaining battery in multiple battery lists pond
Single pond can guarantee that the restricted of battery continues to run (urgent operation).
Advantageous embodiment of the invention describes in the dependent claims.
Hot memory element can include the hot memory comprising metal such as copper (Cu) or lead (Pb) in an appropriate manner.By
This, can increase specific heat capacity related with the quality of hot memory and/or hot memory related with the volume of hot memory number
Amount.Alternatively, hot memory element may include containing phase-change material (Phase change Material, PCM) such as salt and stone
The hot memory of wax.By utilizing phase transformation, the phase transformation for example from solid-state to liquid, the capacity of hot memory can be improved.Therefore,
Hot memory can achieve such as 1000 degrees Celsius (DEG C) of temperature during electric discharge.
Hot memory element can be thermally connected with Thermal Control Element such as cooling element in an appropriate manner.Institute can be improved as a result,
The extraction for the thermal energy for generating and storing.
Hot memory element can be arranged in an appropriate manner in the shell of battery.Thus, it is possible to simplify the machinery of battery
And/or electrical structure.Therefore, cost can be reduced.Alternatively, hot memory element can be arranged in outside the shell of battery.As a result,
The size of component can be reduced.Therefore, the installation and application of battery can more neatly be carried out.
Load elements can include in an appropriate manner resistive element, such as with positive temperature coefficient (positive
Temperature coefficient, PTC) resistance or PTC resistor.Load elements can be configured to by resistive element
Cheap and stable component.By PTC resistor, load elements are improved with the raised resistance value of temperature.It is for example connecing as a result,
The reduction of electric current may be implemented when nearly maximum permissible temperature (maximum temperature).It is thereby achieved that or improvement self-protection.Substitution
Ground, load elements may include semiconductor element, such as power semiconductor, transistor or metal oxide semiconductcor field effect
Answer transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, MOSFET).It loads as a result,
Element can be can be changed, adjustable or controllably construct.Therefore, load elements can be directly controlled.Therefore, it can save
Remove separated switch element.
The resistance value of load elements is changeable or adjustable in an appropriate manner.Electric discharge or discharge time as a result,
It can be matched with the quantity of charged state and/or battery list pond to be discharged.
The resistance value of load elements can be greater than the internal resistance value in battery list pond in an appropriate manner.As a result, in the electric discharge phase
Between the thermal energy that is generated in battery list pond can be reduced or control.
Load elements can be arranged in battery case in an appropriate manner.Thus, it is possible to be further simplified the machine of battery
Tool and/or electrical structure.Therefore, it can further reduce the cost.Alternatively, load elements can be arranged in outside battery case.
The size of component can further decrease as a result,.Therefore, the installation and use of battery can be carried out for greater flexibility.
The equipment can also include switch element in an appropriate manner, the switch element connect with control device with
In control load elements.The control of load elements can be decoupled with load elements and its position as a result,.Therefore, it can reduce
Energy loss during normal operation.
Switch element can include relay in an appropriate manner.Thus, it is possible to realize complete electrically separated or electric current point
From.Alternatively, switch element may include semiconductor element, such as power semiconductor, transistor or MOSET.As a result, may be used
It is worn with reducing or avoiding, such as the abrasion of electrical contacts.It is thus possible to improve reliability and the service life of equipment.
Switch element can be constructed so that when controlling load elements in an appropriate manner by multiple battery Dan Chizhong's
Battery list pond is electrically separated.As a result, in the case where battery list pond not to be discharged, the residue in multiple battery lists pond can be used
Battery list pond maintain the limited of battery to continue to run (urgent operation).
Equipment can also include isolation element in an appropriate manner, and the isolation element is arranged in multiple battery lists pond and bears
It carries between element or hot memory element, for multiple battery Dan Chiyu load elements and/or hot memory element to be thermally isolated.By
This, can reduce the thermal force in multiple battery lists pond.It is thus possible to improve safety and the service life of battery.
The present invention also provides the batteries including aforementioned device.
The present invention also provides the battery systems for including aforementioned device or aforementioned battery.
The present invention also provides the vehicles, especially motor vehicle, such as electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle or battery-operated motor cycle
(electric bicycle, E-Bike), electric bicycle (Pedal Electric Cycle, Pedelec), ship such as electric ship or
Submarine (U-Boot), aircraft or spacecraft, the vehicles include above-mentioned and set with what the vehicles were connect
Battery or battery system that is above-mentioned and being connect with the vehicles standby, above-mentioned and connect with the vehicles.
The present invention also provides static applications, are especially suitable for battery operation for wind power plant or others
Machine.
Hot memory element can include the hot memory of the metal including, for example, copper or lead in an appropriate manner.As a result, may be used
To increase specific heat capacity related with the quality of hot memory and/or hot memory related with the volume of hot memory quantity.It replaces
Dai Di, hot memory element may include the hot memory containing phase-change material such as salt and paraffin.By using phase transformation, for example from
Solid-state can increase the capacity of hot memory to the phase transformation of liquid.Therefore, hot memory can achieve for example during electric discharge
1000 DEG C of temperature.
Hot memory element can be thermally connected with Thermal Control Element or cooling element in an appropriate manner.Thus, it is possible to improve institute
The extraction of thermal energy formed and storage.
Hot memory element can be arranged in an appropriate manner in the shell of battery.Thus, it is possible to simplify the machinery of battery
And/or electrical structure.Therefore, cost can be reduced.Alternatively, hot memory element can be arranged in outside the shell of battery.As a result,
It can reduce the size of component.Therefore, the installation and application of battery can more neatly be carried out.
Load elements can include resistive element such as PTC resistor in an appropriate manner.It can will be born by resistive element
It carries element and is configured to cheap and stable component.Load elements are improved with the raised resistance value of temperature by PTC resistor.
The reduction of electric current for example may be implemented when close to maximum permissible temperature (maximum temperature) as a result,.It is thereby achieved that or improving
Self-protection.Alternatively, load elements may include semiconductor element, such as power semiconductor, transistor or MOSFET.
Load elements can be can be changed, is adjustable or controllably construct as a result,.Therefore, load elements can be directly controlled.Cause
This, can save separated switch element.
The resistance value of load elements can be varied or adjusted in an appropriate manner.Electric discharge or discharge time and charging as a result,
State and/or the quantity in battery list pond to be discharged can be matched.
The resistance value of load elements can be greater than the internal resistance value in battery list pond in an appropriate manner.As a result, in the electric discharge phase
Between the thermal energy that is generated in battery list pond can be reduced or control.
Load elements can be arranged in battery case in an appropriate manner.Thus, it is possible to be further simplified the machine of battery
Tool and/or electrical structure.Therefore, it can further reduce the cost.Alternatively, load elements can be arranged in outside battery case.
The size of component can further decrease as a result,.Therefore, the installation and use of battery can be carried out for greater flexibility.
The method can also include providing switch element in an appropriate manner, and the switch element is connect with control device
For controlling load elements.The control of load elements can be decoupled with load elements and its position as a result,.Therefore, it can drop
It is low in energy loss during normal operation.
Switch element can include relay in an appropriate manner.Thus, it is possible to realize complete electrically separated or electric current point
From.Alternatively, switch element may include semiconductor element, such as power semiconductor, transistor or MOSET.As a result, may be used
To reduce or avoid the abrasion of abrasion, such as electrical contacts.It is thus possible to improve reliability and the service life of the equipment.
Switch element can be constructed so that when controlling load elements in an appropriate manner by multiple battery Dan Chizhong's
Battery list pond is electrically separated.As a result, in the case where battery list pond not to be discharged, the residue in multiple battery lists pond can be used
Battery list pond maintain the limited of battery to continue to run (urgent operation).
The method can also include providing isolation element in an appropriate manner, and the isolation element is arranged in multiple batteries
Between single pond and load elements or hot memory element, to be used for multiple battery Dan Chiyu load elements and/or hot memory element
It is thermally isolated.Thus, it is possible to reduce the thermal force in multiple battery lists pond.It is thus possible to improve safety and the service life of battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Other features and advantages of the present invention can by those skilled in the art by reference to attached drawing to exemplary embodiment party
It is obtained in being described below of formula, but the embodiment does not limit the invention.
Fig. 1 shows the battery 10 of the equipment for battery 10 to discharge with embodiment according to the present invention just
Explanatory view in normal operating status, and
Fig. 2 shows the 10 ' In of battery of the equipment for battery 10 ' to discharge with embodiment according to the present invention
Schematic side elevation in battery list tank discharge state.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the battery 10 of the equipment for battery 10 to discharge with embodiment according to the present invention just
Explanatory view in normal operating status.
Battery 10 includes multiple battery lists pond 1001、…、100n, electrical connection section 151、152With the equipment for electric discharge.
Battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt is so structured that secondary single pond (battery list pond) or metal ion list pond or lithium from
Sub- Dan Chi.Alternatively, battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt is so structured that primary single pond.Battery list pond 1001、…、100nWith electricity
Interconnecting piece 151、152Connection, thus in order to which the charging of battery 10 can be transmitted electric energy to store battery list pond 1001、…、100n
It is interior or be the electric energy that will be stored of discharging from battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt transmits out.Battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt can be with
It is connected in series or can be connected in series as being illustrated in Fig. 1.Alternatively, battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt can be with
Side by side or mixedly such as series/parallel or side by side/be connected in series or can connect.
The equipment discharged for battery 10 shown in Fig. 1 includes: multiple load elements 2001、…、200n, to be used for
Selectively by battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt is discharged and converting electrical energy into thermal energy；With load elements 2001、…、200n
Hot linked hot memory element 300, with the thermal energy received and heat storage is converted；With control device 400, for monitoring battery
100 and pass through load elements 2001、…、200nSuch as pass through load elements 2002Cause battery list pond such as battery list pond
1002Electric discharge.Load elements 2001、…、200nCan respectively with battery list pond 1001、…、100nA correlation.Load elements
2001、…、200nPass through its electrical connection section 210 as illustrating in Fig. 111、…、210n2Respectively with battery list pond
1001、…、100nIt can connect.Load elements 2001、…、200nIt can such as be illustrated in Fig. 1 with hot memory element 300
It is arranged in the shell of battery 10 like that.Alternatively, load elements 2001、…、200nThe shell of battery 10 can be arranged in
Outside.
Load elements 2001、…、200nIt can be for example including resistive element or PTC resistor.Alternatively, load elements
2001、…、200nIt can be for example including semiconductor element, power semiconductor, transistor or MOSFET.Load elements
2001、…、200nResistance value can be it is variable or adjustable.Load elements 2001、…、200nResistance value can be big
In battery list pond 1001、…、100nInternal resistance value.
Hot memory element 300 includes hot memory 310.Hot memory 310 may include being made of metal such as copper or lead
Body.Alternatively, hot memory 310 may include the phase-change material of such as salt or paraffin.
The equipment that battery 10 discharges is further included multiple bridging conductors 700 by shown in Fig. 1 being used for1、…、700n, described
Bridging conductor respectively to relevant battery list pond 1001、…、100nIt is arranged in parallel, to work as relevant battery list pond
1001、…、100nSuch as remaining battery list pond is selectively electrically connected when being discharged, when being discharged or when failure.
The equipment that battery 10 discharges is further included multiple switch element 500 by shown in Fig. 1 being used for1、…、500n, described
Switch element is by means of controlling connector 4201、…、420nSuch as pilot is connect with control device 400, to control load cell
Part 2001、…、200n.Switch element 5001、…、500nCan respectively with battery list pond 1001、…、100nIn one and each phase
The load elements 200 of pass1、…、200nIt is related.Switch element 5001、…、500nCan for example be respectively provided with interconnecting piece A, B and
X, Y and Z.In first position (normal position), interconnecting piece A and Y and interconnecting piece B and Z are mutually coupled respectively, so that relevant
Battery list pond 200xWith next battery list pond 200x+1Connection or the case where for x=n with interconnecting piece 152Connection, or make correlation
Load elements 200xIt is not connected to.Fig. 1 is shown in entopic all switch elements 5001、…、500n.In second
It sets in (emergency location), interconnecting piece A and X and interconnecting piece B and Y can be mutually coupled respectively, so that relevant battery list pond
100xTo relevant load elements 200xConnection or next battery list pond 100x+1Or the interconnecting piece of the case where for x=n 152With elder generation
Preceding battery list pond 100x-1Connection, or for x=1, interconnecting piece 151With battery list pond 1002Connection.Therefore, switch element
5001、…、500nIt is constructed so that when control relevant load elements, such as load elements 2002When, battery list pond, such as electricity
Chi Danchi 1001、…、100nBattery list pond 1002It is electrically isolated to discharge.Here, remaining battery list pond such as battery list
Pond 1001、100nConnection be kept so that in interconnecting piece 151、152On electric energy can also be provided.Alternatively, interconnecting piece A and B
Position can be controlled with being independent of each other.In interconnecting piece 151、152Upper offer electric energy can by control device 400 monitor and
Control.Switch element 5001、…、500nRelay or protector, such as switch protector can be for example configured to.Alternatively, it switchs
Element 5001、…、500nIt can be structured as semiconductor element, power semiconductor, transistor or MOSFET.
Battery 10 can also include multiple sensor elements 4101、…、410n, such as temperature sensor element, with battery
Single pond 1001、…、100nConnection is for example thermally connected, and connect with control device 400, such as be electrically connected by connecting wire, with
For determining measured value such as measured temperature.
Battery 10 can also include Thermal Control Element 800, such as cooling element, the Thermal Control Element and hot memory element 300
It is thermally connected, for exporting thermal energy.Thermal Control Element may include the pipe for accommodating thermoregulation agent such as liquid thermoregulation agent, such as water
Road and import 810 for introducing or drawing thermoregulation agent1With outlet 8102。
Battery 10 can also include for by battery list pond 1001、…、100nWith load elements 2001、…、200nAnd/or
The isolation element 600 that hot memory element 300 is thermally isolated.Isolation element 600 can be arranged as illustrating in Fig. 1
In battery list pond 1001、…、100nWith load elements 2001、…、200nAnd between hot memory element 300.
Control device 400 monitors battery list pond 1001、…、100nAnd identification mistake.Control device 400 can be for example configured to
Discrete circuit, program module or programmable calculator.Computer can be for example including processor such as microprocessor or microcontroller
Device and memory such as volatile memory and/or nonvolatile memory.Such as when certain battery list pond, such as battery list pond
1002Temperature maximum temperature excessively high compared with remaining battery list pond or more than permission when, control device 400 can lead to
It crosses and switches relevant switch element such as switch element 5002By means of relevant load elements such as load elements 2002Cause and
Cause the specific battery list pond such as battery list pond 1002Electric discharge.At this in relevant load elements generated thermal energy
First by the rapid reception of hot memory element 300 and intermediate storage, and it may then pass through the export of Thermal Control Element 800.Therefore, may be used
To reduce the danger of the thermal break-through in this certain battery list pond.
Fig. 2 shows the 10 ' In of battery of the equipment for battery 10 ' to discharge with embodiment according to the present invention
Schematic side elevation in battery list tank discharge state.
It is with the difference of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 shows the switch elements 500 in emergency location2.Battery list pond 100 as a result,2
Pass through switch element 5002Interconnecting piece B and Y interconnected by means of load elements 2002It is discharged.Here, passing through switch member
Part 5002Interconnecting piece A and X interconnected keep battery list pond 1001、100nConnection so that in interconnecting piece 151、152On after
It is continuous that electric energy is provided.
It is lastly noted that statement such as " comprising " and " having " it is not exclusive, allow to be arranged other elements or
Step.It should further be noted that one (" ein " or " eine ") be not excluded for it is multiple.In addition, in conjunction with described by different embodiments
Feature can be combined with each other anyly.It is lastly noted that the drawing reference numeral in claim should not be to the protection of claim
Range is construed as limiting.
Claims (27)
1. one kind is used for battery (10；10 ') equipment discharged, the equipment includes multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n),
It is characterized by:
Load elements (2001、…、200n), the load elements are used for selectively will be more and converting electrical energy into thermal energy
A battery list pond (1001、…、100n) battery list pond (1002) electric discharge,
Hot memory element (300), the hot memory element and the load elements (2001、…、200n) be thermally connected, for connecing
It receives and temporarily stores the thermal energy being converted,
Control device (400), the control device is for monitoring battery (10；10 ') and pass through the load elements
(2001、…、200n) and cause battery list pond (1002) electric discharge, and
Isolation element (600), the isolation element are arranged in multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n) and the load elements
(2001、…、200n) or hot memory element (300) between, for by multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n) and load cell
Part (2001、…、200n) or hot memory element (300) be thermally isolated.
2. equipment according to claim 1, in which:
The hot memory element (300) includes the hot memory comprising metal, phase-change material, salt or paraffin,
The hot memory element (300) and Thermal Control Element (800) or cooling element are thermally connected, or
The hot memory element (300) is arranged in the battery (10；10 ') in or beyond shell.
3. equipment according to claim 1 or 2, in which:
The load elements (2001、…、200n) it include resistive element or semiconductor element,
The load elements (2001、…、200n) resistance value it is variable or adjustable,
The load elements (2001、…、200n) resistance value be greater than battery list pond (1002) internal resistance value,
The load elements (2001、…、200n) it is arranged in the battery (10；10 ') in shell or outside its shell.
4. equipment according to claim 1, further includes:
Switch element (5001、…、500n), the switch element is connect with the control device (400), to control the load
Element (2002),
Wherein:
The switch element (5001、…、500n) can include relay or semiconductor element, or
The switch element (5001、…、500n) can so construct, so that when controlling the load elements (2002) when will be more
A battery list pond (1001、…、100n) in battery list pond (1002) electrically separated.
5. equipment according to claim 2, wherein the hot memory includes copper.
6. equipment according to claim 3, wherein the resistive element is PTC resistor.
7. equipment according to claim 3, wherein the semiconductor element is power semiconductor.
8. equipment according to claim 3, wherein the semiconductor element is transistor.
9. equipment according to claim 8, wherein the transistor is MOSFET.
10. equipment according to claim 4, wherein the semiconductor element is power semiconductor.
11. equipment according to claim 4, wherein the semiconductor element is transistor.
12. equipment according to claim 11, wherein the transistor is MOSFET.
13. a kind of battery (10；10 '), comprising:
Equipment according to any one of claim 1 to 12.
14. a kind of battery system, comprising:
Equipment according to any one of claim 1 to 12, or
Battery (10 according to claim 13；10 ').
15. a kind of vehicle, comprising:
The equipment according to any one of claim 1 to 12 being connect with the vehicle,
The battery according to claim 13 (10 being connect with the vehicle；10 '), or
The battery system according to claim 14 being connect with the vehicle.
16. one kind is used for battery (10；10 ') method discharged, the battery includes multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、
100n), it is characterised in that:
Load elements (200 are provided1、…、200n), with for and converting electrical energy into thermal energy selectively by multiple batteries
Dan Chi (1001、…、100n) battery list pond (1002) electric discharge,
Hot memory element (300), the hot memory element and the load elements (200 are provided1、…、200n) be thermally connected, with
The thermal energy being converted is stored in reception and temporarily,
It provides control device (400), for monitoring the battery (10；10 ') and pass through the load elements (2001、…、
200n) cause battery list pond (1002) electric discharge, and
It provides isolation element (600), the isolation element is arranged in multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n) and load elements
(2001、…、200n) or hot memory element (300) between, for by multiple battery lists pond (1001、…、100n) and load cell
Part (2001、…、200n) or hot memory element (300) be thermally isolated.
17. according to the method for claim 16, in which:
The hot memory element (300) includes the hot memory comprising metal, phase-change material, salt or paraffin,
The hot memory element (300) and Thermal Control Element (800) or cooling element are thermally connected, or
The hot memory element (300) is arranged in the battery (10；10 ') in shell or outside its shell.
18. method according to claim 16 or 17, in which:
The load elements (2001、…、200n) it include resistive element or semiconductor element,
The load elements (2001、…、200n) resistance value it is variable or adjustable,
The load elements (2001、…、200n) resistance value be greater than battery list pond (1002) internal resistance value,
The load elements (2001、…、200n) it is arranged in the battery (10；10 ') in shell or outside its shell.
19. according to the method for claim 16, further includes:
Switch element (500 is provided1、…、500n), the switch element connect described to control with the control device (400)
Load elements (2002),
Wherein:
The switch element (5001、…、500n) can include relay or semiconductor element, or
The switch element (5001、…、500n) can so construct, so that when controlling the load elements (2002) when will be more
A battery list pond (1001、…、100n) in battery list pond (1002) electrically separated.
20. according to the method for claim 17, wherein the hot memory includes copper.
21. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the resistive element is PTC resistor.
22. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the semiconductor element is power semiconductor.
23. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the semiconductor element is transistor.
24. according to the method for claim 23, wherein the transistor is MOSFET.
25. according to the method for claim 19, wherein the semiconductor element is power semiconductor.
26. according to the method for claim 19, wherein the semiconductor element is transistor.
27. according to the method for claim 26, wherein the transistor is MOSFET.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014212122.1 | 2014-06-24 | ||
| DE102014212122.1A DE102014212122A1 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2014-06-24 | Device and method for discharging a battery as well as battery, battery system and vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105322606A CN105322606A (en) | 2016-02-10 |
| CN105322606B true CN105322606B (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347939.XA Active CN105322606B (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2015-06-23 | For the device and method and battery of battery discharge, battery system and vehicle |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN105322606B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014212122A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016224002A1 (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-07 | Audi Ag | Discharging from a battery module having at least two battery cells of a battery having at least two battery modules |
| DE102017220364A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical bridging element, electrical energy storage module, electrical energy storage and device |
| US11489348B2 (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2022-11-01 | Sion Power Corporation | Multiplexed charge discharge battery management system |
| WO2020244761A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a battery of a vehicle to reduce an impact of a thermal runaway, battery management system as wells as battery arrangement |
| US11056728B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-07-06 | Sion Power Corporation | System and method for operating a rechargeable electrochemical cell or battery |
| US11424492B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2022-08-23 | Sion Power Corporation | System and method for operating a rechargeable electrochemical cell or battery |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102270776A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2011-12-07 | Sb锂摩托有限公司 | Battery pack |
| DE102010029806A1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical system for e.g. pure electric car, has power source that is selectively short-circuited by actuation of switch for terminating connection between power source and onboard network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7592776B2 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2009-09-22 | Quallion Llc | Energy storage device configured to discharge energy in response to unsafe conditions |
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2014
- 2014-06-24 DE DE102014212122.1A patent/DE102014212122A1/en active Pending
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102270776A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2011-12-07 | Sb锂摩托有限公司 | Battery pack |
| DE102010029806A1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical system for e.g. pure electric car, has power source that is selectively short-circuited by actuation of switch for terminating connection between power source and onboard network |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102014212122A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
| CN105322606A (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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