CN105322512B - A kind of micro-capacitance sensor guard method based on self study - Google Patents
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Abstract
The micro-capacitance sensor guard method based on self study that the present invention relates to a kind of, the total current I and system frequency f of real-time sampling micro-capacitance sensor route, and calculate total harmonic current I∑, in the time range of [T, T+ △ T], as total harmonic current I on micro-capacitance sensor route∑It is steep to increase, and the system frequency variation of micro-capacitance sensor | f2‑f1| it is more than preset deviation setting valve fdWhen, determine that short circuit has occurred for T+ △ T moment micro-capacitance sensor route, micro-capacitance sensor protection starting, wherein T is any sampling instant, and △ T is not less than 1/F, and F is sample frequency；f1For the system frequency at T moment, f2For the system frequency at T+ △ T moment, fdValue range be 2-3Hz, wherein judging total harmonic current I∑The assistant criteria threshold whether increased suddenly in the time range of [T, T+ △ T] is obtained by self-learning method.For the present invention using the bump amount of harmonic component in short circuit current as the first criterion, frequency departure value carries out dynamic update, the accurate relay protection for realizing micro-capacitance sensor as Second Criterion, and to the threshold in the first criterion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micro-capacitance sensor relay protecting methods of new energy, belong to Protection Technology, network communication skill
The technical field that the multidisciplinary technological synthesis of art, electronic technology is used.
Background technique
For flexibly simultaneously the micro-capacitance sensor of off-grid operation, existing relay protection device cannot fit in a manner of plug and play
It answers, it is necessary to study the relay protection of new principle, new paragon.The device of micro-capacitance sensor relay protection needs to adapt to and from, two kinds of net fortune
Line mode should all meet the requirement of rapidity, reliability, sensitivity, selectivity in both modes.
When being incorporated into the power networks, when the characteristic of energy-accumulating power station internal short-circuit, fault current is identical as bulk power grid fault characteristic；And
Energy-accumulating power station is generated electricity by power electronic equipment inversion, when disconnecting independent operating with power distribution network, is broken down inside micro-capacitance sensor,
Since short circuit current is limited by IGBT, enough short circuit currents cannot be provided.Therefore micro-capacitance sensor is after off-network, traditional failure
Model and analysis method are no longer applicable in, and the criterion of traditional relay protection will part or all failures.
Through examining found 101202426 A of Chinese invention patent application CN, it is special to disclose a kind of triple-frequency harmonics increment brake
With the method for stator inter turn fault protection, increase by reflection generator longitudinal zero-sequence over-voltage fundametal compoment, and using its triple-frequency harmonics
Amount is used as braking amount, to identify generator turn-to-turn short circuit.Wherein, use fundametal compoment and the ratio of third-harmonic component as hair
The operating criterion of motor interturn protection；Using the size of residual voltage fundamental wave as assistant criteria.This method can identify generator
The short circuit of interturn in stator windings, but the micro-capacitance sensor internal short circuit fault of energy-accumulating power station can not be suitable for.
Summary of the invention
The invention solves technical problems to be: overcoming prior art disadvantage, proposes that a kind of micro-capacitance sensor based on self study is protected
Maintaining method, using the bump amount of harmonic component in short circuit current as the first criterion, frequency departure value, can as Second Criterion
The accurate relay protection for realizing micro-capacitance sensor.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a kind of micro-capacitance sensor guarantor based on self study
Maintaining method, it is characterised in that: the total current I and system frequency f of real-time sampling micro-capacitance sensor route, and calculate total harmonic current I∑,
In the time range of [T, T+ △ T], as total harmonic current I on micro-capacitance sensor route∑It is steep to increase, and the system frequency of micro-capacitance sensor becomes
Change | f2-f1| it is more than preset deviation setting valve fdWhen, determine that short circuit, micro-capacitance sensor protection have occurred for T+ △ T moment micro-capacitance sensor route
Starting, wherein T is any sampling instant, and △ T is not less than 1/F, and F is sample frequency；f1For the system frequency at T moment, f2For T+ △
The system frequency at T moment, fdValue range be 2-3Hz, wherein judging total harmonic current I∑In the time range of [T, T+ △ T]
The assistant criteria threshold inside whether increased suddenly is obtained by following self-learning method:
Mutation judgement is carried out by preset assistant criteria threshold first, after the 1st short trouble occurs for route, by the 1st
Harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate or harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate scaled value when secondary short trouble is as new assistant criteria threshold, when route occurs n-th
After secondary short trouble, harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate average value or harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate scaled value when by the 1st time to n-th short trouble it is flat
Mean value is as subsequent assistant criteria threshold, wherein n is the natural number greater than 1, to realize in such a way that dynamic adjusts to auxiliary
Help the self study of criterion threshold.
Since the inverter harmonic level of each manufactory production is inconsistent, default auxiliary successively (is obtained) by emulation and is sentenced
According to threshold, there may be deviations.Therefore the present invention devises the self-learning method of assistant criteria threshold, note when occurring according to failure
The harmonic wave numerical value or scaled value of record are set automatically, to keep assistant criteria threshold more acurrate, to improve short-circuit protection
Judge precision.
Wherein, total harmonic current I∑Including at least it is secondary, three times, five harmonic current components；To line current and it is
The sample frequency range for frequency of uniting is 2400-5000Hz.
The value range that △ T suggests is 1/F-20ms.
Largely actual motion, emulation, test result prove, the short circuit current that micro-capacitance sensor is provided to big system when grid-connected,
And micro-capacitance sensor internal short-circuit current has inverter output characteristics after off-network.Both made to increase in instant of failure short circuit current unknown
It is aobvious, but its harmonic component increases obviously, frequency is also varied.
When short trouble occurring after micro-capacitance sensor off-network, the short circuit current that microgrid inverter provides compares running current
Increased, the action sensitivity of general only 1.2 times of rated current, conventional overcurrent protection is insufficient, will lead to relay guarantor
Protect tripping.Although inverter provides short circuit current less, harmonic component increases suddenly in transcient short circuit time, in addition, failure rises
The moment frequency that begins also has fluctuation.
According to traditional relay protection synchronizing calculation method, overcurrent protection needs certain sensitivity, and 1.2 times of short circuits
Electric current is not able to satisfy the requirement of relay protection sensitivity.
The present invention using the bump amount of harmonic component in short circuit current as the first criterion, sentence as second by frequency departure value
According to using a variety of compound criterions composition micro-capacitance sensor relay protections.
As it can be seen that characteristic of the method for the present invention based on micro-capacitance sensor, using one group of criterion, short trouble and timely can be accurately identified
Movement is made, the safety of micro-capacitance sensor operation is substantially increased.
It is circuital in view of the inverter of micro-capacitance sensor has the function of limiting short-circuit current, therefore after short circuit occurs
Amplitude increases less, and harmonic current increases suddenly.
It is more acurrate in order to ensure judging, it is contemplated that above situation judges that total harmonic current is steep the invention also provides two kinds
The indirect judgment method increased, all has higher sensitivity:
1, in the time range of [T, T+ △ T], if the increment of harmonic wave total current and circuital ratio is more than that auxiliary is sentenced
According to threshold △1, then determine that total harmonic current increases suddenly, determine that formula is as follows,
In formula, I∑2For total harmonic current at T+ △ T moment, I2For the total current at T+ △ T moment, I∑1It is total humorous for the T moment
Wave electric current, I1For the total current at T moment, assistant criteria threshold △1Value range be 2-10.
Changed in this method using harmonic wave total current and circuital ratio to carry out the mutation of harmonic component and judge, it is corresponding
, assistant criteria threshold carries out self study update in the following ways:
After 1st short trouble generation, assistant criteria threshold is updated to the Sudden Changing Rate of the ratio between harmonic wave total current and total current；
After 2nd short trouble, by the flat of the Sudden Changing Rate of the harmonic wave total current and the ratio between total current that are obtained in the 1st time and the 2nd failure
Mean value is as new assistant criteria threshold；And so on, after n-th short trouble, obtained into n-th failure for the 1st time humorous
The average value of the Sudden Changing Rate of the ratio between wave total current and total current is as subsequent assistant criteria threshold.Realize assistant criteria threshold
Dynamic updates.
2, in the time range of [T, T+ △ T], if the increment of the ratio of harmonic wave total current and fundamental current is more than auxiliary
Criterion threshold △2, then determine that total harmonic current increases suddenly, determine that formula is as follows,
In formula, I∑2For total harmonic current at T+ △ T moment, I '2For the fundamental current at T+ △ T moment, I∑1For the T moment
Total harmonic current, I '1For the fundamental current at T moment, assistant criteria threshold △2Value range be 2-10.
Changed in this method using the ratio of harmonic wave total current and fundamental current to carry out the mutation of harmonic component and judge, it is right
It answers, assistant criteria threshold carries out self study update in the following ways:
After 1st short trouble generation, assistant criteria threshold is updated to the mutation of the ratio between harmonic wave total current and fundamental current
Amount；After 2nd short trouble, by the Sudden Changing Rate of the harmonic wave total current and the ratio between fundamental current that are obtained in the 1st time and the 2nd failure
Average value as new assistant criteria threshold；And so on, after n-th short trouble, obtained into n-th failure for the 1st time
Harmonic wave total current and the ratio between fundamental current Sudden Changing Rate average value as subsequent assistant criteria threshold.Realize assistant criteria
The dynamic of threshold updates.
In above-mentioned two method, first is changed using harmonic wave total current and circuital ratio, and second total using harmonic wave
The variation of the ratio of electric current and fundamental current.Total current is the sum of harmonic wave total current and fundamental current, little in total current amplification
In the case of, harmonic wave total current surges, and fundamental current then declines, and the ratio of such harmonic wave total current and fundamental current has bigger
Variation, it is seen that the judgement sensitivity of second method is higher.And the present invention gives the initial auxiliary of above-mentioned two judgment method
Help criterion threshold value range.
Micro-capacitance sensor guard method the present invention is based on self study is a kind of real-time guard method, and sample frequency is higher, right
Harmonic wave has good resolution capability.
If current sample time is defined as the T+ △ T moment, then the method for the present invention has real-time in method.?
In actual motion, the sampling of assigned frequency is carried out to micro-capacitance sensor bus in real time, time interval [T, T+ △ T] moves back therewith
It is dynamic, the data that current acquisition obtains are compared with the data before △ T time, online protection can be realized.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is transcient short circuit time micro-capacitance sensor busbar voltage waveform diagram.
Fig. 2 is transcient short circuit time micro-capacitance sensor busbar short-circuit current waveform figure.
Fig. 3 is the decision logic schematic diagram of the micro-capacitance sensor guard method the present invention is based on self study.
Fig. 4 is the micro-capacitance sensor guard method flow chart the present invention is based on self study.
Fig. 5 is the present embodiment micro-capacitance sensor main electrical scheme schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 5, being certain micro-capacitance sensor main electrical scheme schematic diagram.In figure, QF1 is grid-connected switch, and QF2-QF5 is in micro-capacitance sensor
Portion's breaker.Micro-capacitance sensor is a kind of generator unit, it can with bulk power grid networking operation, can also be put into a manner of plug and play or
Exit bulk power grid.It exits after bulk power grid, micro-capacitance sensor independently undertakes the power supply of its internal load.The main power supply of micro-capacitance sensor referred to herein
Unit is battery.The operating status and short circuit curve of micro-capacitance sensor are actually main power supply and the comprehensive spy of other power supplys
Property.Most of distributed new is the power generation mode that main power source passes through inverter output, when it leaves bulk power grid independent operating
When, operation characteristic is exactly inverter characteristics, and at this time when micro-capacitance sensor short circuit occurred inside failure, short circuit current is by inverter
IGBT is limited, therefore is referred to as " the restricted system of short circuit current ", it is entirely different with the fault characteristic of bulk power grid.
Transcient short circuit time micro-capacitance sensor busbar voltage, current waveform figure are shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2.Failure initial time (about 0.005s), three
The amplitude of phase voltage becomes smaller, and the amplitude of three-phase current increases, but amplification is little；However current harmonics component is then after the failure occurred
Short time in present it is steep increase, and harmonic component is returned to normal level after 0.01s.It can be seen that the steep increasing of harmonic component can be made
For the foundation for judging micro-capacitance sensor short trouble.It is found through Germicidal efficacy, failure initial time system frequency also has certain fluctuation.Cause
This present invention increases harmonic component suddenly changes progress and operation with system frequency, as the micro-capacitance sensor guard method based on self study
Failure criterion.
Embodiment one
Steps are as follows (flow chart is shown in Fig. 4) for the micro-capacitance sensor guard method based on self study of the present embodiment:
The total current I and system frequency f of step 1, real-time sampling micro-capacitance sensor route, adopt line current and system frequency
Sample frequency range is 2400Hz, i.e., every 48 sampled points of cycle, and calculate total harmonic current I∑With fundamental current I, total harmonic wave electricity
Flow I∑Including at least it is secondary, three times, five harmonic current components,I2It is second harmonic current
Component, I3It is tertiary current harmonic component, I5It is quintuple harmonics current component.
Step 2 judges in the time range of [T, T+ △ T], total harmonic current I on micro-capacitance sensor route∑Whether occur
It is steep to increase, if it is determined that total harmonic current increases suddenly, the judgement of step 3 is executed, step 1 is otherwise returned.
Determine the default assistant criteria threshold △ that total harmonic current increases suddenly1Take 5.The judgment formula of short trouble is such as the first time
Under:
In formula, I∑2For total harmonic current at T+ △ T moment, I2For the total current at T+ △ T moment, I∑1It is total humorous for the T moment
Wave electric current, I1For the total current at T moment；Wherein, T+ △ T is current sample time, and T is the preceding △ T moment of current sample time,
△ T generally takes the integral multiple equal to the sampling interval, the value range 0.41667-20ms that △ T suggests, in this example, △ T takes 5ms.
After 1st short trouble generation, assistant criteria threshold is updated to the mutation of the ratio between harmonic wave total current and fundamental current
Amount；After 2nd short trouble, by the Sudden Changing Rate of the harmonic wave total current and the ratio between fundamental current that are obtained in the 1st time and the 2nd failure
Average value as new assistant criteria threshold；And so on, after n-th short trouble, obtained into n-th failure for the 1st time
Harmonic wave total current and the ratio between fundamental current Sudden Changing Rate average value as subsequent assistant criteria threshold.Realize assistant criteria
The dynamic of threshold updates.
Step 3, the system frequency variation for judging micro-capacitance sensor | f2-f1| it whether is more than preset deviation setting valve fd, f1For T
The system frequency at moment, f2For the system frequency at T+ △ T moment, fdValue be 2Hz, if it exceeds then determining that the T+ △ T moment is micro-
Short circuit has occurred for power network line, otherwise micro-capacitance sensor protection starting returns to step 1.
It should be noted that the value difference of △ T does not influence the discrimination precision of the method for the present invention and differentiates real-time.It realizes
When micro-capacitance sensor guard method, a first in, first out storehouse is established in memory, the data (number at current time that new sampling obtains
According to) it is put into storehouse, old data (data at moment before △ T) are then removed, and the sampled data at current time is adopted with the moment before △ T
Sample data compare, to carry out fault identification.Experiments have shown that the time interval of 1 sampled point of most short needs just enough identifies
Failure.When the time interval that △ T value is 1 sampled point, it is evident that being able to achieve fault identification.When △ T value is longer
When, such as 20ms, then it is equivalent to this storehouse and stores more information, if current time is that the moment occurs for failure, then will
The data at current time and the data (non-faulting data) before 20ms are compared, it is clear that can also trigger trip protection.Therefore,
△ T is only needed not less than not less than 1/F, and F is sample frequency.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment and the method for embodiment one are essentially identical, and the main distinction is in step 2, and this example uses following formula
To determine whether total harmonic current increases suddenly:
In formula, I∑2For total harmonic current at T+ △ T moment, I '2For the fundamental current at T+ △ T moment, I∑1For the T moment
Total harmonic current, I '1For the fundamental current at T moment, △2For preset assistant criteria threshold, value range be 2-10.
The dynamic updating method of assistant criteria threshold is similar with example one is applied in this example:
After 1st short trouble generation, assistant criteria threshold is updated to the mutation of the ratio between harmonic wave total current and fundamental current
Amount；After 2nd short trouble, by the Sudden Changing Rate of the harmonic wave total current and the ratio between fundamental current that are obtained in the 1st time and the 2nd failure
Average value as new assistant criteria threshold；And so on, after n-th short trouble, obtained into n-th failure for the 1st time
Harmonic wave total current and the ratio between fundamental current Sudden Changing Rate average value as subsequent assistant criteria threshold.Realize assistant criteria
The dynamic of threshold updates.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of micro-capacitance sensor guard method based on self study, it is characterised in that: the total current I of real-time sampling micro-capacitance sensor route and
System frequency f, and calculate total harmonic current I∑, in the time range of [T, T+ △ T], when total harmonic wave electricity on micro-capacitance sensor route
Flow I∑It is steep to increase, and the system frequency variation of micro-capacitance sensor | f2-f1| it is more than preset deviation setting valve fdWhen, determine that the T+ △ T moment is micro-
Short circuit has occurred for power network line, and micro-capacitance sensor protection starting, wherein T is any sampling instant, and △ T is not less than 1/F, and F is sampling frequency
Rate；f1For the system frequency at T moment, f2For the system frequency at T+ △ T moment, fdValue range be deviate power frequency 50HZ, 2-
3Hz, wherein judging total harmonic current I∑The assistant criteria threshold whether increased suddenly in the time range of [T, T+ △ T] passes through following
Self-learning method obtains:
Mutation judgement is carried out by preset assistant criteria threshold first, it is short by the 1st time after the 1st short trouble occurs for route
Harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate or harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate scaled value when the failure of road is as new assistant criteria threshold, when route generation n-th is short
After the failure of road, the average value of harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate average value or harmonic wave Sudden Changing Rate scaled value when by the 1st time to n-th short trouble
As subsequent assistant criteria threshold, wherein n is the natural number greater than 1, is sentenced to realize in such a way that dynamic adjusts to auxiliary
According to the self study of threshold；
When line short fault not yet occurs, if following formula is set up, determine that total harmonic current increases suddenly:
In formula, I∑2For total harmonic current at T+ △ T moment, I2For the total current at T+ △ T moment, I∑1For total harmonic wave electricity at T moment
Stream, I1For the total current at T moment, △1For preset assistant criteria threshold, value range 2-10.
2. the micro-capacitance sensor guard method according to claim 1 based on self study, it is characterised in that: the 1st short trouble
After generation, assistant criteria threshold is updated to the Sudden Changing Rate of the ratio between harmonic wave total current and total current；After n-th short trouble, every time
The average value of the Sudden Changing Rate of the harmonic wave total current and the ratio between total current that obtain in failure is as subsequent assistant criteria threshold.
3. the micro-capacitance sensor guard method according to claim 1 or 2 based on self study, it is characterised in that: the T+ △ T moment is
Current sample time.
4. the micro-capacitance sensor guard method according to claim 1 based on self study, it is characterised in that: total harmonic current I∑Extremely
Include less it is secondary, three times, five harmonic current components.
5. the micro-capacitance sensor guard method according to claim 1 based on self study, it is characterised in that: to line current and be
The sample frequency range for frequency of uniting is 2400-5000Hz.
6. the micro-capacitance sensor guard method according to claim 1 based on self study, it is characterised in that: the suggestion of △ T takes
Value range is 1/F-20ms.
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| JP2001339845A (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2001-12-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Bus protection relay device |
| CN102237691A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-09 | 东北大学 | Wind energy and solar energy grid-connected generation system and control method thereof |
| CN102270854A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-12-07 | 华北电力大学 | Island detecting method based on positive feedback of voltage harmonic distortion |
| CN103064035A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-24 | 天津大学 | Active island detection method of multi-distributed power supply tied-grid |
| CN103529358A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method for detecting continuous high-impedance-grounded fault of medium-voltage distribution system by current information |
| CN103730882A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Current protection system and method for being automatically adapted to distributed power connection |
| CN104181474A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-12-03 | 国家电网公司 | Method for judging fault of photovoltaic grid connection inverter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001339845A (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2001-12-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Bus protection relay device |
| CN102237691A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-09 | 东北大学 | Wind energy and solar energy grid-connected generation system and control method thereof |
| CN102270854A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-12-07 | 华北电力大学 | Island detecting method based on positive feedback of voltage harmonic distortion |
| CN103064035A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-24 | 天津大学 | Active island detection method of multi-distributed power supply tied-grid |
| CN103529358A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method for detecting continuous high-impedance-grounded fault of medium-voltage distribution system by current information |
| CN103730882A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Current protection system and method for being automatically adapted to distributed power connection |
| CN104181474A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-12-03 | 国家电网公司 | Method for judging fault of photovoltaic grid connection inverter |
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