CN105320994A - Oil and gas pipeline safety assessment method and device - Google Patents
Oil and gas pipeline safety assessment method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105320994A CN105320994A CN201410370827.1A CN201410370827A CN105320994A CN 105320994 A CN105320994 A CN 105320994A CN 201410370827 A CN201410370827 A CN 201410370827A CN 105320994 A CN105320994 A CN 105320994A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil and gas pipeline safety assessment method and device, which belongs to the field of safety assessment. The method comprises the steps that weak magnetic detection is carried out on each measurement point in a number of measurement points on a first oil and gas pipeline; the measurement points with stress greater than a preset numerical value are determined as stress concentration points; according to the stress concentration points, the first oil and gas pipeline is divided into a number of second oil and gas pipelines; scanning thickness measuring is carried out on each second oil and gas pipeline in a number of second oil and gas pipelines; the minimum thickness is selected from the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline and is used as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline, the safe work pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is calculated; and according to the safe work pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline, safety assessment is carried out on the first oil and gas pipeline. The device comprises a first determining module, a detection module, a second determining module, a thickness measurement module, a selection module, a calculation module and an assessment module. According to the invention, safety assessment can be carried out on potential damage of the oil and gas pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety assessment, in particular to a method and a device for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline.
Background
With the rapid development of the world economy, the demand for petroleum and natural gas is increasing day by day, and as the most economic and safe transmission mode for the petroleum and natural gas, pipeline transmission is rapidly developed. However, various damages may be caused by factors such as corrosion, mechanical loss, geological disasters and the like during the use of the oil and gas pipeline, and the safety evaluation of the oil and gas pipeline is of great significance for guaranteeing the reliable operation of equipment and the personal safety.
The prior art provides a method for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline, which can be as follows: and judging whether the oil-gas pipeline is damaged or not according to the change of heat, sound, light, electricity, magnetism and the like caused by the internal structural abnormality or defect of the material of the oil-gas pipeline. For example, the oil and gas pipeline is shot by adopting an ray method, and whether the oil and gas pipeline is damaged or not is checked according to the shooting result. When the oil-gas pipeline is damaged, determining that the oil-gas pipeline has a safety problem; and when the interior or the surface of various materials of the oil and gas pipeline is not damaged, determining that the oil and gas pipeline has no safety problem.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
because the safety assessment method in the prior art can only perform safety assessment on macroscopic damage shown by the oil and gas pipeline and cannot perform safety assessment on potential damage of the oil and gas pipeline, the safety assessment method based on the conventional nondestructive testing technology in the prior art is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for safety assessment of an oil and gas pipeline, the method comprising:
determining a plurality of measurement points on a first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the plurality of measurement points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point;
determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points;
scanning and thickness measuring are carried out on each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline;
selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
and carrying out safety assessment on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
Preferably, said calculating a safe operating pressure of said first hydrocarbon conduit from a minimum thickness of said first hydrocarbon conduit comprises:
acquiring the standard thickness, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding seam coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness to obtain a thickness parameter;
calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present according to the thickness parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the product of the maximum stress, the minimum thickness and the value 2 which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
and calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Preferably, said calculating a safe operating pressure of said first hydrocarbon conduit from a minimum thickness of said first hydrocarbon conduit comprises:
acquiring a standard service life, a standard strength design system, a standard welding line coefficient, a standard yield strength and a current service life corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the ratio of the current service life to the standard service life to obtain an age parameter;
calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the product of the maximum stress, the minimum thickness and the value 2 which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
and calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Preferably, the calculating the strength design coefficient, the weld coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard weld coefficient and the standard yield strength comprises:
acquiring the position of the first oil and gas pipeline, and acquiring environmental parameters according to the position;
and calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline according to the environmental parameter, the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength.
Preferably, the determining a plurality of measurement points on the first oil and gas pipeline comprises:
determining a plurality of circumferences on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the distance between every two adjacent circumferences in the plurality of circumferences is equal;
a plurality of measurement points are determined on each of the plurality of circles at equal intervals, and a line connecting a measurement point on one of each two adjacent circles with each measurement point on the other circle is not parallel to the central axis of the first oil and gas pipeline.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for safety assessment of an oil and gas pipeline, the apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a first determination module, a second determination module and a third determination module, wherein the first determination module is used for determining a plurality of measuring points on a first oil and gas pipeline, and the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
the detection module is used for carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point;
the second determination module is used for determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset numerical value as stress concentration points and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points;
the thickness measuring module is used for scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline;
a selecting module for selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as a minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
the calculation module is used for calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
and the evaluation module is used for carrying out safety evaluation on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
Preferably, the calculation module includes:
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard thickness, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding seam coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
the first calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness to obtain a thickness parameter;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the thickness parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
the fourth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline, the minimum thickness and the numerical value 2;
and the fifth calculation unit is used for calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Preferably, the calculation module includes:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard service life, a standard strength design system, a standard welding line coefficient and a standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline and the current service life;
a sixth calculating unit, configured to calculate a ratio between the current service life and the standard service life to obtain an age parameter;
the seventh calculating unit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the eighth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
a ninth calculation unit, configured to calculate a product of the maximum stress that the first oil and gas pipeline can bear, the minimum thickness, and a value 2;
and the tenth calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil and gas pipeline.
Preferably, the seventh calculation unit includes:
the acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the position of the first oil and gas pipeline and acquiring environmental parameters according to the position;
and the calculating subunit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the environment parameter, the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding coefficient and the standard yield strength.
Preferably, the first determining module includes:
a first determination unit for determining a plurality of circumferences on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the distance between every two adjacent circumferences in the plurality of circumferences is equal;
a second determination unit for determining a plurality of measurement points equally spaced on each of the plurality of circumferences, and a line connecting a measurement point on one of each two adjacent circumferences to each measurement point on the other circumference is not parallel to the central axis of the first hydrocarbon conduit.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of measuring points on the first oil and gas pipeline are determined, and the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline; carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point; determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points; scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline; selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; the safety evaluation is carried out on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline, so that the potential damage of the oil and gas pipeline can be safely evaluated, and the method is safe and reliable and is suitable for the safety evaluation of the long-distance oil and gas pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline provided by embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2-1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
2-2 are schematic diagrams of determining a plurality of measurement points on a first hydrocarbon pipeline as provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil and gas pipeline safety evaluation device provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline. Referring to fig. 1, wherein the method comprises:
step 101: determining a plurality of measuring points on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
step 102: carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point;
step 103: determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points;
step 104: scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline;
step 105: selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
step 106: calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
step 107: and carrying out safety assessment on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of measuring points on the first oil and gas pipeline are determined, and the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline; carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point; determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points; scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline; selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; the safety evaluation is carried out on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline, so that the potential damage of the oil and gas pipeline can be safely evaluated, and the method is safe and reliable and is suitable for the safety evaluation of the long-distance oil and gas pipeline.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline. Referring to fig. 2-1, wherein the method comprises:
step 201: determining a plurality of measuring points on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
the first oil and gas pipeline is an oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and when safety evaluation is performed on the first oil and gas pipeline, a plurality of measuring points are firstly determined on the first oil and gas pipeline, and the plurality of measuring points are detected. Determining a plurality of measurement points on a first oil and gas pipeline may be achieved by the following steps (1) and (2), including:
(1): determining a plurality of circumferences on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the distance between every two adjacent circumferences in the plurality of circumferences is equal;
specifically, the sampling device determines a sampling circumference, the terminal is connected with the sampling device, and the terminal controls the sampling device to determine a plurality of circumferences on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the determined sampling circumference.
(2): a plurality of measurement points are determined on each of the plurality of circles at equal intervals, and a connecting line between a measurement point on one of every two adjacent circles and each measurement point on the other circle is not parallel to the central axis of the first oil and gas pipeline.
Specifically, the sampling device determines sampling points on sampling circles and ensures that a connecting line between a sampling point on one circle and each sampling point on the other circle in every two adjacent circles is not parallel to the central axis of the first oil and gas pipeline; the terminal controls the sampling device to determine a plurality of measurement points equally spaced on each of a plurality of circumferences according to the determined sampling points, see fig. 2-2.
Wherein a connecting line between the measuring point on one of every two adjacent circles and each measuring point on the other circle is not parallel to the central axis of the first oil and gas pipeline, so that the plurality of measuring points can be uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline.
Step 202: carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point;
the weak magnetic detection is to judge the change of stress on the oil and gas pipeline by detecting the change of a weak magnetic field through magnetic memory; stress refers to the additional internal force experienced per unit area. Magnetic memory is the inherent property of steel after the geometric shape is formed, and the formed weak magnetic field changes along with the change of stress.
Wherein, the step 202 specifically includes: the medium conveyed by the first oil and gas pipeline pushes the detector to slide in the first oil and gas pipeline, the weak magnetic signal of each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points of the first oil and gas pipeline is detected by the detector, and the detected weak magnetic signal is sent to a weak magnetic sensor arranged on the outer surface of the oil and gas pipeline; the weak magnetic sensor receives weak magnetic signals sent by the detector and obtains stress corresponding to each measuring point according to the received weak magnetic signals.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the invention, the larger the weak magnetic signal is, the larger the stress existing on the oil and gas pipeline is.
Step 203: determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points;
the stress concentration refers to a phenomenon that the internal stress of the oil and gas pipeline in a local range is remarkably increased due to sudden change of external factors or factors such as the self geometric shape and the external dimension.
Wherein, step 203 specifically comprises: judging whether the stress of the measuring point is larger than a preset numerical value or not, and if so, determining the stress as a stress concentration point; and if not, determining as a non-stress concentration point. And determining the oil and gas pipeline between two adjacent stresses as a second oil and gas pipeline, thereby dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines.
In this step, two adjacent stresses, namely a first stress and a second stress, may also be determined; determining a first circumference where the first stress is located and a second circumference where the second stress is located; and determining the oil and gas pipeline between the first circumference and the second circumference as a second oil and gas pipeline, thereby dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines.
The preset value can be set and changed according to the system performance of the first oil and gas pipeline, and in the embodiment of the invention, the preset value is not specifically limited.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, classification may be performed according to the magnitude of the weak magnetic signal of each measurement point, and the weak magnetic signal in the first preset range is classified as the stress degree 1; classifying the weak magnetic signals in a second preset range into a stress degree 2; classifying the weak magnetic signal in a third preset range into a stress degree 3; classifying the weak magnetic signal in a fourth preset range into a stress degree 4; classifying the weak magnetic signal in a fifth preset range into a stress degree 5; the weak magnetic signal in the sixth preset range is classified as the stress degree 6.
In the embodiment of the present invention, values of the first preset range, the second preset range, the third preset range, the fourth preset range, the fifth preset range, and the sixth preset range are not specifically limited.
For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined range is 800-; the second preset range is 2000-3000nT, and the stress degree 2 is a relative stress concentration point; the third preset range is 3000-; the fourth preset range is 4000-; the fifth preset range is 5000-; the sixth preset range is 6000-7000nT, and the stress degree 6 is a stress intensity concentration point; stress level 4, stress level 5, and stress level 6 are determined as stress concentration points.
Step 204: scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline;
specifically, the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines is measured by scanning the pipe body C by 100% to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline.
Step 205: selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
step 206: calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
wherein, safe operating pressure is the operating pressure that oil gas pipeline can bear under normal operating condition.
Wherein, step 206 can be implemented by the first way or the second way, and for the first implementation, the following steps (1) to (6) can be implemented, including:
(1): acquiring the standard thickness, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding seam coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
wherein the standard thickness refers to the thickness of the oil and gas pipeline when leaving a factory; the standard strength design coefficient refers to a corresponding strength design system when the oil and gas pipeline leaves a factory; the standard welding seam coefficient refers to the corresponding welding seam coefficient when the oil and gas pipeline leaves a factory; the standard yield strength refers to the corresponding yield strength of the oil and gas pipeline when the oil and gas pipeline leaves a factory.
The standard strength design coefficient, the standard weld coefficient and the standard yield strength can be set and changed according to standards, and are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the invention.
For example, according to the regulations of the GB50253-2003 oil pipeline engineering design specification and the SY/T0015.1-98 crude oil and natural gas pipeline crossing engineering design specification, the standard strength design coefficient F is 0.72 in the general area outside the oil transportation station. According to the regulation of a standard GB50253-2003 oil pipeline engineering design specification, the standard weld coefficient E of the steel pipe with the steel grade of L450 is 1.0. When evaluating oil and gas pipelines, the standard yield strength sigma s is 450 MPa.
(2): calculating the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness to obtain a thickness parameter;
the thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline is lossy in the using process, and the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness is calculated in the step to obtain the thickness parameter of the first oil and gas pipeline.
(3): calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the thickness parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
calculating the product of the thickness parameter and the standard strength design coefficient to obtain the strength design coefficient corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline; calculating the product of the thickness parameter and the standard welding line coefficient to obtain the welding line coefficient corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline; and calculating the product of the thickness parameter and the standard yield strength to obtain the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline.
(4): calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding seam coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the product of the strength design coefficient F, the welding line coefficient E and the yield strength sigma s corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline; the product is taken as the maximum stress that the first oil and gas pipeline can withstand.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the invention, the maximum stress which can be born by the first oil and gas pipeline is [ sigma ]]＝FEσS。
(5): calculating the product of the maximum stress and the minimum thickness which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline and the numerical value 2;
(6): and calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Calculating the maximum stress sigma which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline and the minimum thickness t of the first oil and gas pipelineminThe product of the sum of the values 2; calculating the ratio P of the product to the outer diameter D of the first oil and gas pipeline; and taking the ratio P as the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
Wherein,in the embodiment of the invention, the safe working pressure P of the first oil and gas pipeline is 2 × [ sigma [ sigma ] ]]×tmin÷D。[σ]＝FEσSAnd the safe working pressure P of the first oil and gas pipeline is 2 × FE sigmaS×tmin÷D。
And before calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline and the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline, measuring the outer diameter D of the first oil and gas pipeline.
Further, in the embodiment of the invention, the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is calculated according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline, and the first oil and gas pipeline which is representative, high in risk and serious in damage is selected for safety evaluation, so that the evaluation method is more reliable.
For example, the outer diameter of the first oil and gas pipeline is 457mm, the minimum thickness is 6.97mm, the strength design coefficient F corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline is 0.72, the weld coefficient E is 1.0, and the yield strength sigma iss450MPa, the maximum stress that the first oil and gas pipeline can bear is [ sigma ]]＝FEσS0.72 × 1.0 × 450 324n, the safe operating pressure P of the first oil and gas pipeline is 2 × [ σ [ [ σ ]]×tminD2 × 324 × 6.97.97 457 9.9MPa, the safe operating pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is 9.9 MPa.
For the second implementation, the method can be implemented by the following steps (a) to (F), including:
(A) the method comprises the following steps Acquiring a standard service life, a standard strength design system, a standard welding line coefficient, a standard yield strength and a current service life corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
wherein the standard service life refers to the service life of the oil and gas pipeline; the standard strength design coefficient refers to a corresponding strength design system when the oil and gas pipeline leaves a factory; the standard welding seam coefficient refers to the corresponding welding seam coefficient when the oil and gas pipeline leaves a factory; the standard yield strength refers to the corresponding yield strength of the oil and gas pipeline when the oil and gas pipeline leaves a factory.
The standard strength design coefficient, the standard weld coefficient and the standard yield strength can be set and changed according to standards, and are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the invention.
For example, according to the regulations of the GB50253-2003 oil pipeline engineering design specification and the SY/T0015.1-98 crude oil and natural gas pipeline crossing engineering design specification, the standard strength design coefficient F is 0.72 in the general area outside the oil transportation station. According to the regulation of a standard GB50253-2003 oil pipeline engineering design specification, the standard weld coefficient E of the steel pipe with the steel grade of L450 is 1.0. Standard yield strength sigma when evaluating oil and gas pipelinessTaking 450 MPa.
(B) The method comprises the following steps Calculating the ratio of the current service life to the standard service life to obtain an age parameter;
the longer the use time of the first oil and gas pipeline is, the worse the safety of the first oil and gas pipeline is, in this step, the factory leaving time of the first oil and gas pipeline is obtained, the current service life of the first oil and gas pipeline is calculated according to the factory leaving time and the current time of the first oil and gas pipeline, and the ratio of the current service life to the standard service life is calculated to obtain the life parameter.
Calculating the difference between the current time and the delivery time of the first oil and gas pipeline, and directly taking the difference as the current service life of the first oil and gas pipeline; if the difference is not an integer, the integer part of the difference can be used as the current service life of the first oil and gas pipeline, and the integer part of the difference can be added with one to be used as the current service life of the first oil and gas pipeline.
(C) The method comprises the following steps Calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the step (C) may be achieved by the following steps (C-1) and (C-2), including:
(C-1): acquiring the position of a first oil and gas pipeline, and acquiring environmental parameters according to the position;
before the step, storing the corresponding relation between the position and the environmental parameter; in the step, the position of the first oil and gas pipeline is obtained, and the environmental parameter is obtained from the corresponding relation between the position and the environmental parameter according to the position.
(C-2): and calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the environmental parameters, the age parameters, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength.
Calculating the product of the environmental parameter, the age parameter and the standard strength design coefficient to obtain the strength design coefficient corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline; calculating the product of the environmental parameter, the age parameter and the standard weld coefficient to obtain the weld coefficient corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline; and calculating the product of the environmental parameter, the age parameter and the standard yield strength to obtain the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline.
(D) The method comprises the following steps Calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding seam coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
(E) the method comprises the following steps Calculating the product of the maximum stress and the minimum thickness which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline and the numerical value 2;
(F) the method comprises the following steps And calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Step 207: judging whether the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is greater than the current bearing working pressure of the oil and gas pipeline, if so, executing a step 208; if not, go to step 209;
step 208: determining that the first oil and gas pipeline is safe, and ending;
step 209: it is determined that the first hydrocarbon pipeline is unsafe.
For example, the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is 9.9MPa, and when the current bearing working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is greater than 9.9MPa, the first oil and gas pipeline is determined to be unsafe; and when the current bearing working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline is not more than 9.9MPa, determining that the first oil and gas pipeline is safe.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of measuring points on the first oil and gas pipeline are determined, and the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline; carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point; determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points; scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline; selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; the safety evaluation is carried out on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline, so that the potential damage of the oil and gas pipeline can be safely evaluated, and the method is safe and reliable and is suitable for the safety evaluation of the long-distance oil and gas pipeline.
Example 3
The invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a device for evaluating the safety of an oil and gas pipeline. Referring to fig. 3, wherein the apparatus comprises:
the first determining module 301 is configured to determine a plurality of measurement points on the first oil and gas pipeline, where the plurality of measurement points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
the detection module 302 is configured to perform weak magnetic detection on each of the plurality of measurement points to obtain a stress corresponding to each measurement point;
the second determining module 303 is configured to determine a measurement point where the stress is greater than a preset value as a stress concentration point, and divide the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration point;
the thickness measuring module 304 is configured to perform scanning thickness measurement on each of the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each of the second oil and gas pipelines;
a selection module 305 for selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as a minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
a calculation module 306 for calculating a safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
an evaluation module 307 for performing a safety evaluation of the first oil and gas pipeline based on the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
Preferably, the calculation module 306 includes:
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard thickness, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding seam coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
the first calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness to obtain a thickness parameter;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the thickness parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
the fourth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the maximum stress and the minimum thickness which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline and the numerical value 2;
and the fifth calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Preferably, the calculation module 306 includes:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard service life, the standard strength design system, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline and the current service life;
the sixth calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the current service life to the standard service life to obtain an age parameter;
the seventh calculating unit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the eighth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
the ninth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the maximum stress and the minimum thickness which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline and the numerical value 2;
and the tenth calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
Preferably, the seventh calculation unit includes:
the acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the position of the first oil and gas pipeline and acquiring environmental parameters according to the position;
and the calculating subunit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the environmental parameter, the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength.
Preferably, the first determining module 301 includes:
the first determining unit is used for determining a plurality of circles on the first oil and gas pipeline, and the distance between every two adjacent circles in the plurality of circles is equal;
and the second determining unit is used for determining a plurality of measuring points with equal intervals on each of a plurality of circles, and a connecting line between the measuring point on one circle of every two adjacent circles and each measuring point on the other circle is not parallel to the central axis of the first oil and gas pipeline.
The first determining module 301 further includes: and the sampling unit is used for controlling the first determining unit to determine a plurality of circles on the first oil and gas pipeline and also used for controlling the second determining unit to determine a plurality of measuring points with equal intervals on each circle of the plurality of circles.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of measuring points on the first oil and gas pipeline are determined, and the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline; carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point; determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points; scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline; selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline; the safety evaluation is carried out on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline, so that the potential damage of the oil and gas pipeline can be safely evaluated, and the method is safe and reliable and is suitable for the safety evaluation of the long-distance oil and gas pipeline.
It should be noted that: the device for evaluating the safety of the oil and gas pipeline provided by the embodiment is only exemplified by the division of the functional modules during the safety evaluation of the oil and gas pipeline, and in practical application, the function distribution can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device for evaluating the safety of the oil and gas pipeline provided by the embodiment and the method embodiment for evaluating the safety of the oil and gas pipeline belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and is not repeated herein.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of hydrocarbon pipeline safety assessment, the method comprising:
determining a plurality of measurement points on a first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the plurality of measurement points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point;
determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset value as stress concentration points, and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points;
scanning and thickness measuring are carried out on each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline;
selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
and carrying out safety assessment on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said calculating a safe operating pressure for the first hydrocarbon conduit based on a minimum thickness of the first hydrocarbon conduit comprises:
acquiring the standard thickness, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding seam coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness to obtain a thickness parameter;
calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present according to the thickness parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the product of the maximum stress, the minimum thickness and the value 2 which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
and calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said calculating a safe operating pressure for the first hydrocarbon conduit based on a minimum thickness of the first hydrocarbon conduit comprises:
acquiring a standard service life, a standard strength design system, a standard welding line coefficient, a standard yield strength and a current service life corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the ratio of the current service life to the standard service life to obtain an age parameter;
calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
calculating the product of the maximum stress, the minimum thickness and the value 2 which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
and calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein calculating the current strength design factor, weld factor, and yield strength for the first oil and gas pipeline based on the age parameter, the standard strength design factor, the standard weld factor, and the standard yield strength comprises:
acquiring the position of the first oil and gas pipeline, and acquiring environmental parameters according to the position;
and calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline according to the environmental parameter, the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a plurality of measurement points on the first oil and gas pipeline comprises:
determining a plurality of circumferences on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the distance between every two adjacent circumferences in the plurality of circumferences is equal;
a plurality of measurement points are determined on each of the plurality of circles at equal intervals, and a line connecting a measurement point on one of each two adjacent circles with each measurement point on the other circle is not parallel to the central axis of the first oil and gas pipeline.
6. An apparatus for safety assessment of an oil and gas pipeline, the apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a first determination module, a second determination module and a third determination module, wherein the first determination module is used for determining a plurality of measuring points on a first oil and gas pipeline, and the plurality of measuring points are uniformly distributed on the first oil and gas pipeline;
the detection module is used for carrying out weak magnetic detection on each measuring point in the plurality of measuring points to obtain the stress corresponding to each measuring point;
the second determination module is used for determining the measuring points with the stress larger than a preset numerical value as stress concentration points and dividing the first oil and gas pipeline into a plurality of second oil and gas pipelines according to the stress concentration points;
the thickness measuring module is used for scanning and measuring the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline in the plurality of second oil and gas pipelines to obtain the thickness of each second oil and gas pipeline;
a selecting module for selecting a minimum thickness from the thicknesses of each second oil and gas pipeline as a minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
the calculation module is used for calculating the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline according to the minimum thickness of the first oil and gas pipeline;
and the evaluation module is used for carrying out safety evaluation on the first oil and gas pipeline according to the safe working pressure of the first oil and gas pipeline.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the computing module comprises:
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard thickness, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding seam coefficient and the standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline;
the first calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the minimum thickness to the standard thickness to obtain a thickness parameter;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the thickness parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding line coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline at present to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
the fourth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the maximum stress which can be borne by the first oil and gas pipeline, the minimum thickness and the numerical value 2;
and the fifth calculation unit is used for calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil-gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil-gas pipeline.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the computing module comprises:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard service life, a standard strength design system, a standard welding line coefficient and a standard yield strength corresponding to the first oil and gas pipeline and the current service life;
a sixth calculating unit, configured to calculate a ratio between the current service life and the standard service life to obtain an age parameter;
the seventh calculating unit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding coefficient and the standard yield strength;
the eighth calculation unit is used for calculating the product of the strength design coefficient, the welding line coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the maximum stress capable of being borne by the first oil and gas pipeline;
a ninth calculation unit, configured to calculate a product of the maximum stress that the first oil and gas pipeline can bear, the minimum thickness, and a value 2;
and the tenth calculating unit is used for calculating the ratio of the product to the outer diameter of the first oil and gas pipeline to obtain the safe working pressure of the oil and gas pipeline.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the seventh computing unit comprises:
the acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the position of the first oil and gas pipeline and acquiring environmental parameters according to the position;
and the calculating subunit is used for calculating the strength design coefficient, the welding coefficient and the yield strength corresponding to the current first oil and gas pipeline according to the environment parameter, the age parameter, the standard strength design coefficient, the standard welding coefficient and the standard yield strength.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first determining module comprises:
a first determination unit for determining a plurality of circumferences on the first oil and gas pipeline, wherein the distance between every two adjacent circumferences in the plurality of circumferences is equal;
a second determination unit for determining a plurality of measurement points equally spaced on each of the plurality of circumferences, and a line connecting a measurement point on one of each two adjacent circumferences to each measurement point on the other circumference is not parallel to the central axis of the first hydrocarbon conduit.
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