CN105320814B - A kind of construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter and its slotted eye - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter and its slotted eye Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter and its construction method of slotted eye.The fluid emulation model for establishing isometrical cloth hole gas-liquid allotter is emulated, the hole wall Curve Design of aperture is the streamlined hole wall curve being spliced into by circular arc and straight line on gas-liquid allotter, obtain the liquid level of each observation station on major trough and the secondary groove when gas-liquid allotter is in work stable state, calculate the aperture of each aperture on major trough, and secondary groove small aperture is identical with the hole diameter of the secondary groove axis and major trough axis point of intersection, the position of each aperture on secondary groove is calculated successively again, repeat step is iterated so that the foraminate flow of institute and spray region area ratio meet that the uniform condition of liquid completes structure.The present invention can improve the liquid allocative efficiency of gas-liquid allotter, reduce flow resistance, reduce the manufacturing cost of streamlined hole wall, improve the uniformity of gas-liquid allotter liquid distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas-liquid allotter and its hole construction method, is particularly that relate to a kind of rectifying column gas-liquid point
The construction method of orchestration and its slotted eye, suitable for Large Air Separation Devices rectifying column hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter.
Background technology
Rectifying column is the critical equipment for realizing Cryogenic air separation, and with rectifying column size-enlargement, gas-liquid is distributed in tower
Uneven to cause mass-transfer efficiency reduction problem to protrude further, tower diameter is bigger, and loss is bigger, and maximization causes filler by wall stream, ditch
It is more difficult that the bad distribution such as stream is converted into the distribution of nature stream.Gas-liquid allotter is most important tower internals, positioned at rectifying tower packing
Upper end, by being assigned on filler surface for even in liquid phase, form liquid initial distribution.The quality of liquid distribution state is to influence
One of an important factor for packed tower performance, under the premise of functional requirement identical, the quality of liquid initial distribution, which directly affects, fills out
Expect performance, the distribution of bad liquid initial may make the filler of the hydraulic performance decline 50~70%, superior performance of filler, or fill out
The bed of material is more shallow, and the requirement to gas-liquid allotter is higher, it is desirable to which liquid distribution is more uniform.So it is gas that fluid, which evenly distributes,
Most basic liquid distributor is also most important requirement.
Gas-liquid allotter has many types at present, and the motive force flowed by liquid is divided into pressure-type and gravity-type, gravity type
Distributor includes slot type, board-like, disc type etc., and pressure type distributor mainly includes tubular type, spray nozzle type etc.；Distributor is flowed out by liquid
Mode be divided into aperture type and weir-type.The rectifying column of current Large Air Separation Devices system divides usually using the hole slot formula gas-liquid of weight-driven
Orchestration.Liquid enters gas-liquid allotter major trough by feed pipe from gas-liquid allotter center, then secondary groove is flowed into through major trough, from pair
The aperture outflow of groove, is distributed the liquid on filler.
It is that gas-liquid allotter is most basic and most important requirement that fluid, which evenly distributes, and for the hole slot of large-scale rectifying column
For formula gas-liquid allotter, because gas-liquid allotter diameter is very big, the fluid of gas-liquid allotter is entered from distributor center
The large change of liquid level is will result in during splitter edge is flowed to, present hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter is big absolutely
Part uses isometrical equal cloth hole, and according to the flow rate calculation formula of liquid perforationIf aperture it is uniform and
The diameter in hole is constant, and liquid level h change may result in the changes in flow rate in hole, prevent liquid from evenly distributing.Moreover, now
The aperture of hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter typically use common cylinder hole, flow resistance is very big, causes liquid allocative efficiency low.In a word,
Because existing hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter fluid distribution is uneven low with allocative efficiency, under causing the performance of large-scale rectifying column significantly
Drop.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome existing large-scale rectifying column hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter fluid distribution is uneven low with allocative efficiency to ask
Topic, the invention provides a kind of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter and its construction method of slotted eye, including streamlined aperture design and small
The non-isometrical non-uniform design in hole.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to use following steps：
1) the fluid emulation model for establishing isometrical cloth hole gas-liquid allotter is emulated, and wherein gas-liquid allotter is all small
The circular hole wall curve in hole using the streamlined hole wall curve being spliced into by circular arc and straight line, is obtained when gas-liquid allotter is in work
The liquid level of each observation station on major trough and secondary groove when making stable state；
In isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter, the flow rate calculation of liquid perforation can use below equation：
Wherein A represents the sectional area in hole, and g is acceleration of gravity, CdFor discharge coefficient, h represents the liquid level above hole.
2) using gas-liquid allotter center as origin, its major trough axis be Y-axis, its secondary groove axis be that X-axis establishes coordinate
It is that each aperture of aperture is obtained using below equation on major trough：
Wherein, Q be gas-liquid allotter flow, CdFor discharge coefficient, g is acceleration of gravity,For i-th of Y-axis
The liquid level of aperture,For the Y-axis coordinate position of i-th of aperture on major trough, i represents the ordinal number of aperture on major trough；I is represented
The ordinal number of aperture on major trough；
3) secondary groove small aperture is identical with the hole diameter of the secondary groove axis and major trough axis point of intersection, and counts successively
Calculation obtains the position of each aperture on secondary groove；
4) by the small aperture and secondary groove aperture position repeat step 1 of major trough obtained above and secondary groove) establish fluid and imitate
True mode is emulated, and observation station is identical with the observation station of step 1), and each aperture on major trough and secondary groove is obtained so as to emulate
FlowAnd then the flow and spray region area ratio of p-th of aperture are calculated using below equation
Wherein, LpFor the length of side in p-th of aperture square spray region.
If the foraminate flow of institute and spray region area ratioMeetE is that liquid distribution is equal
Evenness threshold value, the then major trough and the small aperture of secondary groove obtained the last time and secondary groove aperture position are as final non-isometrical non-
The cloth hole scheme of uniform gas-liquid allotter is built；
If the flow of any of which aperture and spray region area ratioIt is unsatisfactory forThen return to
Step 2) recalculates, until the foraminate flow of institute and spray region area ratioMeet
Streamlined hole wall curve is to reduce the difficulty of processing of streamlined hole wall, and the top of hole wall curve is and hole end surface
Tangent circular arc, the bottom of hole wall curve is that the central angle shared by circular arc is 110-130 degree with the circular arc tangent straight line being connected.
The present invention is for hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter, using the non-isometrical non-uniform design method of aperture, aperture on major trough
Using different pore size, aperture on secondary groove using it is non-it is uniform by the way of, it is public according to the flow rate calculation that emulation experiment, liquid are perforated
Formula, Lagrange's interpolation formula equationof structure solve the aperture and position of aperture.
The step 1) and 5) in observation station set in the following ways：Using the center of gas-liquid allotter as origin, with master
Groove axis is Y-axis, using secondary groove axis as X-axis, on major trough since gas-liquid allotter center to Y-axis positive direction at equal intervals
Set multiple major trough observation stations, on secondary groove since major trough axis and secondary groove axis intersection point to X-axis positive direction at equal intervals
Set multiple secondary groove observation stations.The present invention is only by gas-liquid allotter to pair exemplified by one of them secondary groove (secondary groove where X-axis in Fig. 4)
The construction method of groove slotted eye is illustrated, and the structure of other secondary groove slotted eyes can be determined entirely by reference to the secondary groove.
In the step 2) on major trough aperture Y-axis coordinate positionLiquid levelUsing below equation meter
Calculate：
Wherein, h1(y) liquid level at Y-axis coordinate position y is represented, s and t represent the ordinal number of observation station on major trough, n
For the sum of observation station on major trough, htRepresent the liquid level of t-th of observation station emulation, ysAnd ytRepresent s-th and t respectively
The Y-axis coordinate position of individual observation station.
The step 3) is specially：
3.1) on secondary groove first small hole center and the distance of major trough axis and secondary groove axis point of intersection using following
Formula calculates：
Wherein, L0The spacing constant of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter adjacent apertures is represented, sees Fig. 7, L1Represent secondary groove first
The length of side in aperture square spray region, the length of side L in secondary first aperture square spray region of groove1Using below equation
Solution obtains：
Wherein, q1For the flow of first aperture on secondary groove,It is for X-axis coordinateThe liquid level at place
Highly, i.e., the liquid level of first aperture, diRepresent the diameter of i-th of aperture on the major trough that step 2) obtains, k0Represent isometrical
The flow and spray region area ratio of uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture, k0For constant；
3.2) on secondary groove second small hole center and the distance of major trough axis and secondary groove axis point of intersection using following
Formula calculates：
Wherein, L0Represent the spacing constant of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter adjacent apertures, L1Represent secondary first aperture of groove just
The length of side in square spray region, L2Represent that secondary second aperture square of groove sprays the length of side in region, the secondary groove is second small
The length of side L in hole square spray region2Solve to obtain using below equation：
Wherein, q2For the flow of second aperture on secondary groove,It is for X-axis coordinatePlace
Liquid level, i.e., the liquid level of second aperture, diRepresent the diameter of i-th of aperture on the major trough that step 2) obtains, k0Represent
The flow and spray region area ratio of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture；
3.3) the like, i-th of small hole center and major trough axis and the distance of secondary groove axis point of intersection on secondary groove
Calculated using below equation：
Wherein, LjThe length of side in secondary j-th of aperture square spray region of groove is represented, j represents aperture ordinal number on secondary groove, described
The length of side L in secondary j-th of aperture square spray region of groovejSolve to obtain using below equation：
Wherein, qjFor the flow of j-th of aperture on secondary groove,It is for X-axis coordinateThe liquid level at place, i.e., the liquid level of j-th aperture, diRepresent that step 2) obtains
Major trough on i-th of aperture diameter, k0Represent the flow and spray region area of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture
The ratio between.
Liquid level function h on above-mentioned secondary groove at the X-axis coordinate position x of aperture2(x) calculated using below equation：
Wherein, u and v represents the ordinal number of observation station on secondary groove, and m is the sum of observation station on secondary groove, hvRepresent v-th of sight
The liquid level of measuring point emulation, xuAnd xvThe X-axis coordinate position of u-th and v-th observation station is represented respectively.
The flow and spray region area ratio k of described isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture0Using following public affairs
Formula calculates：
Wherein, Q is the flow of gas-liquid allotter, and Z is foraminate number, L on gas-liquid allotter0Represent isometrical uniform
The spacing constant of gas-liquid allotter adjacent apertures.
The present invention is identical by the porose flow of institute on the setting major trough in step 2) aperture, i.e., liquid be with distribution
's；The diameter of secondary groove and the point of intersection aperture of major trough axis is used by the aperture in step 3) on the secondary groove of setting again, then
Solve equation and obtain the position of each aperture on secondary groove, eventually through the non-uniform mode of aperture position so that in unit area
Fluid flow be uniform, that is, reached the effect that liquid evenly distributes.Improve the uniform of gas-liquid allotter liquid distribution
Property.
After changing due to the size and location of aperture, gas-liquid allotter liquid level of observation station under the stable state that works can be sent out
Raw certain change, so first three step of iteration is further to improve liquid distributing uniformity.Finally after iteration for several times so that secondary
Aperture and position optimization of the slotted eye with major trough hole, further to improve liquid distributing uniformity, can finally make gas-liquid allotter
Liquid distributing uniformity reaches sets requirement.
The present invention has an advantageous effect in that compared with background technology：
Existing existing gas-liquid allotter aperture be isometrical common cylinder hole, with fluid by resistance it is big the shortcomings that.This
Turnover region of the aperture on the flow path of round and smooth smooth curved surface blanking gas-liquid allotter of the streamlined hole wall of invention, is carried
The high liquid allocative efficiency of gas-liquid allotter, reduces flow resistance.The discharge coefficient in common cylinder hole is 0.62, and streamlined
The discharge coefficient in hole is up to 0.98 or so, and flow under the same conditions is 1.58 times of common cylinder hole, it is possible to significantly
Improve the liquid allocative efficiency of distributor.
Existing streamlined structure is mostly free form surface structure, and difficulty of processing is big, high processing costs.And circular arc and straight line are
Most common machining feature in machining, difficulty of processing can be reduced, reduce manufacturing cost.So the present invention using circular arc and
Straight line is spliced into smooth streamlined hole wall curve, has gas-liquid allotter and reduces resistance and the streamlined hole wall difficult processing of reduction
The advantages of spending.
The flow of streamlined hole wall proposed by the present invention under the same conditions is 1.58 times of common cylinder hole, improves hole
The liquid allocative efficiency of slot type gas-liquid allotter；Smooth streamlined hole wall curve is spliced into using circular arc and straight line, makes gas-liquid
Distributor has the advantages of reducing resistance and reducing streamlined hole wall difficulty of processing.
And the present invention forms the gas-liquid point of non-isometrical non-cloth hole by building the non-isometrical non-uniform aperture of distributor
Orchestration, improve the liquid distributing uniformity of hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow total figure of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the aperture schematic diagram of streamlined hole wall.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional model diagram of isometrical cloth hole gas-liquid allotter.
Fig. 4 is the partial parameters and explanation figure of the isometrical gas-liquid allotter of cloth hole.
Fig. 5 is the liquid level and interpolation curve figure of embodiment major trough axial direction (Y direction) observation station.
Fig. 6 is liquid level and interpolation curve figure of i-th of the secondary fluted shaft of embodiment to (X-direction) observation station.
Fig. 7 is the gas-liquid allotter structural representation of the non-isometrical non-cloth hole of structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：1st, circular arc, 2, straight line, 3, major trough, 4, secondary groove, 5, aperture square spray region, 6, major trough observation station, 7,
Secondary groove observation station.
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, should
Embodiment is only used for explaining the present invention, does not form the restriction to protection scope of the present invention.
One aspect of the present invention carries out streamline type hole in order to improve the liquid allocative efficiency of hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter, to hole wall
The design of wall.Fluid is mainly shown as laminar flow on streamlined body surface, no or few turbulent flows, it ensure that with this
Suffered resistance is minimum when the object of shape moves in a fluid.
Set forth herein streamlined hole wall aperture as shown in Fig. 2 hole wall employs the shape of half of drop, fluid is flowing
Through being mainly shown as laminar flow during aperture, resistance is small, efficiency high.In hydrodynamics, the flow rate calculation formula of liquid perforation is:
Wherein, q is hole flow, m3/s；CdFor discharge coefficient；A is hole sectional area, m2；G is acceleration of gravity, m/s2；H is
Liquid level, m.
The flow rate calculation formula of various microstome outflows is identical, and its difference is that the value of discharge coefficient is different.Root
According to project data, the flow coefficient C in common cylinder holedFor 0.62, and the flow coefficient C of streamline type holedUp to 0.98 or so,
Flow under the same terms is 1.58 times of common cylinder hole, it is possible to greatly improves the liquid allocative efficiency of distributor.
Moreover, existing streamlined structure is mostly free form surface structure, difficulty of processing is big, high processing costs.So in order to
The difficulty of processing of streamlined hole wall is reduced, as shown in Fig. 2 smooth streamlined hole wall curve is spliced into using circular arc and straight line,
The top of hole wall curve is the circular arc tangent with hole end surface, and the bottom of hole wall curve is and the tangent straight line being connected of circular arc, circular arc
Shared central angle θ is 110-130 degree.Circular arc and straight line are most common machining features in machining, therefore can be reduced
Difficulty of processing, reduce the manufacturing cost of streamlined hole wall.
Another aspect of the present invention is the liquid distributing uniformity for improving hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter, aperture is carried out non-etc.
The non-uniform design in footpath.
It is that gas-liquid allotter is most basic and most important requirement that liquid, which evenly distributes, and for the gas-liquid of large-scale rectifying column
For distributor, because gas-liquid allotter diameter is very big, the fluid that gas-liquid allotter is entered from distributor center is flowing to
The large change of liquid level is will result in during splitter edge, the flow rate calculation formula (1) perforated according to liquid, such as
Fruit aperture is uniform and the diameter in hole is constant, and liquid level h change may result in the changes in flow rate in hole, prevent liquid from uniformly dividing
Match somebody with somebody, therefore the inventive method can change according to liquid level h to improve the uniformity of liquid distribution.
Embodiments of the invention are as follows：
The first step：Fluid emulation model is established, the gas-liquid allotter of the equal cloth hole of channel angular carries out emulation experiment.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the threedimensional model of an isometrical gas-liquid allotter for cloth hole is established, wherein aperture designs
Into streamlined hole wall as shown in Figure 2, its circular hole wall curve is bent using the streamlined hole wall being spliced into by circular arc 1 and straight line 2
Line.The parameter of the gas-liquid allotter is：Flow is Q, has A secondary grooves, common Z aperture, hole diameter d, small pitch of holes is L0。
It is X-axis by Y-axis, one of them secondary axis of groove 4 of the axis of gas-liquid allotter major trough 3, on major trough 3 from gas-liquid allotter
The heart starts to set multiple major trough observation stations 6 at equal intervals to Y-axis positive direction, from major trough axis and secondary groove axis on secondary groove 4
Intersection point starts to set multiple secondary groove observation stations 7 at equal intervals to X-axis positive direction.
Other parameters are set in fluid emulation model, Fig. 4 is measured when gas-liquid allotter is in work stable state
The liquid level of shown observation station.
Second step：The determination of aperture different pore size on major trough.
The emulation experiment of the first step has measured the liquid level of the different observation stations of Y direction (major trough axial direction), such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show.Enter row interpolation to the observation station in Fig. 5 with Lagrangian (Lagrange) interpolation method, one smooth curve of construction passes through all
Data point (observation station).
For the coordinate (y of the observation station of n in Fig. 5s,hs), s=1,2 ..., n, according to Lagrange's interpolation formula, ask
Curvilinear equation h of winner's fluted shaft to liquid level1(y), as shown in Figure 5：
Wherein, h1(y) liquid level at Y-axis coordinate position y is represented, s and t represent the ordinal number of observation station on major trough, n
For the sum of observation station on major trough, htRepresent the liquid level of t-th of observation station emulation, ysAnd ytRepresent s-th and t respectively
The Y-axis coordinate position of individual observation station.
The point of intersection of each secondary groove and major trough axis has an aperture, is designated as Ki, its a diameter of di, the position in Y-axis
It is designated asI=0,1,2 ..., a.WillSubstitute into the curvilinear equation (2) 2 of major trough axial direction liquid level, you can try to achieve aperture KiPlace
Liquid levelAs shown in Figure 6.
The flow of average each aperture is on gas-liquid allotter：
From formula (3), due to the liquid level at each apertureDifference, if the diameter d of aperture is kept not
Become, then the flow that each aperture flows through will not wait, i.e., it cannot be guaranteed that liquid evenly distributes.So in order to ensure liquid
Evenly distribute, according to formula (3), make aperture KiDiameter
Wherein, Q is the flow of gas-liquid allotter, and Z is foraminate number, C on gas-liquid allotterdFor discharge coefficient, g
For acceleration of gravity,For the liquid level of i-th of aperture of Y-axis,For the Y-axis coordinate bit of i-th of aperture on major trough
Put, i represents the ordinal number of aperture on major trough.
Thus by changing aperture KiDiameter, ensure that the flow in hole on major trough axis is identical, that is, reached master
The effect that liquid evenly distributes on groove.
3rd step：The determination of non-uniform aperture position on secondary groove.
, can if all apertures all use different-diameter in view of the manufacturability and manufacturing cost of gas-liquid allotter
Manufacturing cost is caused to increase considerably.So in order to reduce cost, as shown in fig. 7, the aperture on major trough is only pressed second step institute
The method of stating is defined as different-diameter, and the aperture on secondary groove is using the diameter of secondary groove and the point of intersection aperture of major trough axis, every
On individual secondary groove, the position by changing aperture reaches the uniform purpose of liquid.It is described in detail below：
The aperture of the equal cloth hole gas-liquid allotter of equal diameter shown in Fig. 4 is by square uniform, the spacing of adjacent apertures
For L0, the spray region of each aperture can be L with the length of side in figure0Square expression.Liquid, which is uniformly distributed, can be expressed as list
The flow of the upper aperture of plane product is identical, such as Fig. 4, if the flow of aperture is identical in the square spray region of the identical length of side,
And the spray region close-packed arrays of adjacent apertures, then liquid is equally distributed.NoteWherein q0It is uniform for equal diameter
The spray flux of one aperture of hole gas-liquid allotter, ALFor the area in square spray region, as liquid is uniformly distributed, thenSo k0For known quantity.Because the non-cloth hole gas-liquid allotter of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4
Isometrical cloth hole gas-liquid allotter on the basis of be improved design, so in non-cloth hole gas-liquid allotter, still
So being approximately considered the region of each aperture spray can be represented with the square that the length of side in figure is Lp, and wherein p is whole gas-liquid point
The ordinal number of aperture on orchestration, then, meet as long as can guarantee that for each apertureThe stream of i.e. each aperture
Amount and spray region area ratio be constant, and the fluid flow in unit area is uniform, and the spray of guarantee adjacent apertures
Region close-packed arrays, so that it may think that the liquid of whole gas-liquid allotter evenly distributes.
Such as Fig. 4, because secondary groove is on X0Axle and Y-axis are symmetrical, therefore only need to study portion of the secondary groove in first quartile
Point, remainder can be obtained by symmetry.Such as Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, the aperture on i-th of secondary groove (secondary groove where X-axis) is first taken to be
Research object, wherein i be secondary groove ordinal number, 1≤i≤A.The observation station of m on the secondary groove is measured in emulation experiment above
Coordinate (xu,hu), u=0,1,2 ..., m, according to Lagrange's interpolation formula, the secondary fluted shaft is tried to achieve to the curve side of liquid level
Journey h2(x) it is：
Wherein, u and v represents the ordinal number of observation station on secondary groove, and m is the sum of observation station on secondary groove, hvRepresent v-th of sight
The liquid level of measuring point emulation, xuAnd xvThe X-axis coordinate position of u-th and v-th observation station is represented respectively.
The region of first aperture spray is that the length of side is L on the secondary groove1Square, as shown in fig. 7, first aperture
Position can be expressed asSo the hole upper level is highlyIt is by the flow in the holeIf the flow for ensureing whole gas-liquid allotter is uniform
It is necessary to meeting each apertureThe flow and spray region area ratio of i.e. each aperture are constant.
So order：
There was only L in equation (6)1One unknown quantity, it is possible to solve this equation and obtain L1, so, the 1st aperture
Position determines that.As shown in fig. 7, the position of second aperture can be expressed asIt is similarly obtained equation：
Equally, there was only L in equation (7)2One unknown quantity, it is possible to solve equation (7) and obtain L2, it is so, the 2nd small
The position in hole determines that.Similarly, can obtain the follow-up 3rd, 4, the position of 5 ... individual apertures, for ensure aperture position without departing from
Splitter edge, at the position of j-th of aperture of solution, to verify whether below equation is set up：
In formula, LjThe length of side in secondary j-th of aperture square spray region of groove is represented, j represents aperture ordinal number on secondary groove, MiFor
The half of the secondary groove along X-axis total length, as shown in Figure 7.Once formula (8) is invalid, illustrate that the hole exceeds splitter edge,
Then give up the hole, the porose position of institute all determines on the secondary groove.It similarly can determine that the porose position of institute on other all secondary grooves.
4th step：First three step of iteration, further improves liquid distributing uniformity.
After changing due to the diameter of aperture and position, the liquid level of gas-liquid allotter observation station shown in Fig. 4 under the stable state that works
Height can change a lot, and cause the gas-liquid allotter that first three step is newly designed simply to improve liquid distributing uniformity, and
It can not reach completely accurate uniform.
So the gas-liquid allotter newly designed to first three step carries out three-dimensional modeling, establish fluid emulation model and imitated
True experiment, the liquid level above each aperture newly designed, it is according to the flow rate calculation formula that liquid is perforatedObtain the flow for each aperture newly designedWherein p is the sequence of aperture on whole gas-liquid allotter
Number, 1≤p≤Z.
The liquid that whole gas-liquid allotter is mentioned in 3rd step is that the condition evenly distributed is that each aperture meetsOrderIt is percentage to set evenly distributed degree the threshold value E, E of liquid, will according to the uniformity in engineering
Desirable 95%, 98% etc. numerical value is sought, ifThen think that the evenly distributed degree of liquid is not reaching to requirement, then
Method according to above-mentioned first, second and third step carries out a secondary design again, so can further improve the uniformity of liquid distribution.Such as
This iterates design several times, because Iterative Design each time is all in the upper once improvement in design basis, can all enter one
Step improves the uniformity of liquid distribution, so may finally makeReaching the evenly distributed degree of liquid will
Ask.Iterative Design obtains that number is more, and the evenly distributed degree of the liquid reached is also higher.
The non-isometrical non-uniform pore size distribution finally given is as shown in fig. 7, illustrate only whole gas-liquid allotter in figure
One quadrants, remainder can be obtained by symmetry.
As can be seen here, streamlined hole wall of the present invention can improve the liquid distribution effect of hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter
Rate, reduce resistance and reduce streamlined hole wall difficulty of processing, the distributor of the non-isometrical non-uniform aperture ultimately formed improves
The liquid distributing uniformity of hole slot formula gas-liquid allotter, its obvious technical effects protrude.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter, it is characterised in that：1) the fluid emulation model for establishing isometrical cloth hole gas-liquid allotter is emulated, and wherein gas-liquid allotter institute is foraminate Circular hole wall curve using the streamlined hole wall curve being spliced into by circular arc (1) and straight line (2), is obtained when gas-liquid allotter is in The liquid level of each observation station on major trough and secondary groove during the stable state that works；2) using gas-liquid allotter major trough (3) axis as Y-axis, each aperture of aperture is obtained using below equation on major trough (3)：<mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Z&pi;C</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>gh</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow>Wherein, Q is the flow of gas-liquid allotter, and Z is foraminate number, C on gas-liquid allotterdFor discharge coefficient, g attaches most importance to Power acceleration,For the liquid level of i-th of aperture of Y-axis,For the Y-axis coordinate position of i-th of aperture on major trough, i Represent the ordinal number of aperture on major trough；3) secondary groove small aperture is identical with the hole diameter of the secondary groove axis and major trough axis point of intersection, then calculates successively The position of each aperture on to secondary groove；4) by the small aperture and secondary groove aperture position repeat step 1 of major trough obtained above and secondary groove) establish fluid emulation mould Type is emulated, and observation station is identical with the observation station of step 1), so as to emulate the flow for obtaining each aperture on major trough and secondary grooveAnd then the flow and spray region area ratio of p-th of aperture are calculated using below equation<mrow> <msubsup> <mi>k</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>*</mo> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>*</mo> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow>Wherein, LpFor the length of side in p-th of aperture square spray region；If the foraminate flow of institute and spray region area ratioMeetE is the evenly distributed degree of liquid Threshold value, the then major trough and the small aperture of secondary groove obtained the last time and secondary groove aperture position are as final non-isometrical non-uniform The cloth hole scheme of gas-liquid allotter is built；k0Represent flow and the spray region of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture Area ratio；If the flow of any of which aperture and spray region area ratioIt is unsatisfactory forThen return to step 2) Recalculate, until the foraminate flow of institute and spray region area ratioMeet
- A kind of 2. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The stream The top of line style hole wall curve is the circular arc tangent with hole end surface, the bottom of hole wall curve be with the tangent straight line being connected of circular arc, Central angle θ shared by circular arc is 110-130 degree.
- A kind of 3. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step It is rapid 1) and 4) in observation station set in the following ways：Using the center of gas-liquid allotter as origin, using major trough (3) axis as Y Axle, using secondary groove (4) axis as X-axis, set at equal intervals to Y-axis positive direction since gas-liquid allotter center on major trough (3) Multiple major trough observation stations (6), between X-axis positive direction etc. since major trough axis and secondary groove axis intersection point on secondary groove (4) Every the multiple secondary groove observation stations (7) of setting.
- A kind of 4. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step It is rapid 2) on major trough aperture Y-axis coordinate positionLiquid levelCalculated using below equation：<mrow> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&Pi;</mo> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&NotEqual;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, h1(y) liquid level at Y-axis coordinate position y is represented, s and t represent the ordinal number of observation station on major trough, based on n The sum of observation station, h on groovetRepresent the liquid level of t-th of observation station emulation, ysAnd ytS-th and t-th sight is represented respectively The Y-axis coordinate position of measuring point.
- A kind of 5. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step It is rapid 3) to be specially：3.1) distance of first small hole center and major trough axis and secondary groove axis point of intersection uses below equation on secondary groove Calculate：<mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac>Wherein, L0Represent the spacing constant of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter adjacent apertures, L1Represent secondary first aperture square of groove Spray the length of side of region (5), the length of side L of secondary first aperture square spray region (5) of groove1Solved using below equation Obtain：<mrow> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&pi;d</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>gh</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, q1For the flow of first aperture on secondary groove, g is acceleration of gravity,It is for X-axis coordinateThe liquid level at place, i.e., the liquid level of the 1st aperture, diRepresent on the obtained major trough of step 2) i-th aperture Diameter, k0Represent the flow and spray region area ratio of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture；3.2) distance of second small hole center and major trough axis and secondary groove axis point of intersection uses below equation on secondary groove Calculate：<mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac>Wherein, L0Represent the spacing constant of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter adjacent apertures, L1Represent secondary first aperture square of groove Spray the length of side of region (5), L2Represent the length of side of secondary second aperture square spray region (5) of groove, the secondary groove second The length of side L in aperture square spray region2Solve to obtain using below equation：<mrow> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&pi;d</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>gh</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, q2For the flow of second aperture on secondary groove, g is acceleration of gravity,It is for X-axis coordinateThe liquid level at place, i.e., the liquid level of the 2nd aperture, diRepresent i-th of aperture on the major trough that step 2) obtains Diameter, k0Represent the flow and spray region area ratio of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture；3.3) the like, j-th of small hole center uses with the distance of major trough axis and secondary groove axis point of intersection on secondary groove Below equation calculates：<mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>Wherein, LjThe length of side in secondary j-th of aperture square spray region of groove is represented, j represents aperture ordinal number on secondary groove, the secondary groove The length of side L in j-th of aperture square spray regionjSolve to obtain using below equation：<mrow> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&pi;d</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>gh</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, qjFor the flow of j-th of aperture on secondary groove, g is acceleration of gravity,For X-axis coordinate isThe liquid level at place, i.e., the liquid level of j-th aperture, diRepresent step The diameter of i-th of aperture, k on the rapid major trough 2) obtained0Represent the flow and spray of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture The ratio between region area.
- A kind of 6. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step It is rapid 3.1), 3.2) He 3.3) on secondary groove at X-axis coordinate position x aperture liquid level function h2(x) below equation meter is used Calculate：<mrow> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <munderover> <mo>&Pi;</mo> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>&NotEqual;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, u and v represents the ordinal number of observation station on secondary groove, and m is the sum of observation station on secondary groove, hvRepresent v-th of observation station The liquid level of emulation, xuAnd xvThe X-axis coordinate position of u-th and v-th observation station is represented respectively.
- A kind of 7. slotted eye construction method of rectifying column gas-liquid allotter according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described The flow and spray region area ratio k of isometrical uniform gas-liquid allotter single aperture0Calculated using below equation：<mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mi>Z</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>Wherein, Q is the flow of gas-liquid allotter, and Z is foraminate number, L on gas-liquid allotter0Represent isometrical uniform gas-liquid The spacing constant of distributor adjacent apertures.
- A kind of 8. rectifying column gas-liquid allotter, it is characterised in that：The gas-liquid allotter is using any institute of claim 1~7 The method of stating builds obtained gas-liquid allotter.
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