CN105319583B - Controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding, should include based on the controlled source aliased data formation method of frequency dividing dynamic coding: step 1, input focus and big gun record；Step 2, rebuilds the source wavefield before coding and receives wave field after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field；Step 3, input frequency dividing encoder matrix；Step 4, source wavefield and reception wave field are encoded by application encoder matrix；Step 5, carries out imaging to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field；And step 6, export imaging results.Should can reduce the crosstalk noise produced in aliased data skew and the amount of calculation raising efficiency reducing skew by controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seism processing field, especially relate to a kind of controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding.
Background technology
International market is gradually moved towards along with oil exploration, vibroseis technique is also in the exploration being widely applied to reality, and particularly controlled source highly effective gathering mode, such as slip scan collection, V1 collection etc., substantially increase exploration efficiency, reduce the cost of Seismic Exploration with Vibrator.Therefore, the aspects such as the operation principle of controlled source, shooting parameter, disposal skill are studied, improve and gather, process the ability of controlled source data the development trend adapting to domestic seismic prospecting is very important.
On the premise of ensureing collecting efficiency and acquisition quality, develop a series of highly efficient collecting method, such as alternate sweep, slip scan, independent synchronization scanning (ISS), remote synchronous scanning (DSSS).Can the aliased data of broad sense be also referred to as channel set, be to use many source patterns to excite obtained mixing seismic wave field, aliased data carry out the key that effective imaging is latter earthquake data interpretation.For shooting on group and the problem of aliased data imaging, it has also become the important research direction of experts and scholars both at home and abroad.We have invented a kind of new controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding for this, solve above technical problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of exploitation aliased data imaging technique based on the efficiently acquisition technique such as alternate sweep, slip scan, independent synchronization scanning (ISS), remote synchronous scanning (DSSS), the data gathered for highly effective gathering mode carry out follow-up explaining, and work provides the controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding on imaging basis.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding, should include based on the controlled source aliased data formation method of frequency dividing dynamic coding: step 1, input focus and big gun record；Step 2, rebuilds the source wavefield before coding and receives wave field after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field；Step 3, input frequency dividing encoder matrix；Step 4, source wavefield and reception wave field are encoded by application encoder matrix；Step 5, carries out imaging to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field；And step 6, export imaging results.
The purpose of the present invention realizes also by following technical measures:
In step 2, the source wavefield of reconstruction and reception wave field are:
Wherein:Represent the source wavefield rebuild after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field respectively and receive wave field, NSRepresent the sum of big gun record, Ws、WRRepresent source wavefield and reception wave field that physics is relevant.
In step 3, E is usedm,nPresentation code matrix, m represents row index, i.e. big gun index, and n is column index, i.e. encodes number of times, the form that entry of a matrix element is expressed as:
Em,n=Am,nexp(-jφm,n) (3)
A represents the amplitude weight of m-th big gun collection, φ in n-th codingm,nRepresenting the phase shift of m-th big gun collection in n-th coding, it is assumed that encoder matrix is the encoder matrix of a frequency independence, this matrix is three-dimensional, and the third dimension is frequencies omega, and therefore encoder matrix can be write as:
Em,n(ω)=Am,n(ω)exp(-jφm,n(ω)) (4)
The encoder matrix of frequency dividing coding is expressed as:
Wherein wiFor i-th frequency.
In step 3, the mode purpose of frequency dividing coding is to make when i ≠ jWherein, i, j are the coordinate in length and breadth of encoder matrix respectively,Represent the source wavefield rebuild after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field respectively and receive wave field；When a Ge Chaobao road collection is encoded, the wave field of frequency domain is divided, to making each source wavefield use the frequency that in different frequency bands, and a channel set, a focus uses not have overlap respectively, corresponding reception wave field frequency allocation situation is identical with source wavefield.
In step 4, big gun collection coding is formed Chao Bao road collection big gun collection be multiplied with encoder matrix and represent, then the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field be:
BS=WSE (5)
BR=WRE (6)
Wherein: Bs、BRIt is respectively the source wavefield after coding and accepts wave field, Ws、WRBeing respectively the source wavefield after rebuilding and receive wave field, E is encoder matrix.
In steps of 5, the expression formula that the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field carry out imaging is:
Wherein, ReFor the source wavefield after coding and the imaging results of reception wave field, BsFor coding after source wavefield,It is to receive the conjugate transpose of wave field after coding.
Controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding in the present invention, aliased data is offset by processing the wave field of each shot point by the mode using coding, the impact of coherent term during migration imaging is made to minimize, and then elimination cross-talk noise, while improving computational efficiency, improve imaging precision.The present invention is directed to this feature of controlled source and propose aliased data direct imaging technology based on coding, it is possible to reduce the crosstalk noise produced in aliased data skew and the amount of calculation reducing skew improves efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment of the controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is an encoder matrix；
Fig. 3 is the least squares approximation results that 0-60HZ carries out dividing dynamic coding；
Fig. 4 is the least squares approximation results that 5-55HZ carries out dividing dynamic coding；
Fig. 5 is the least squares approximation results that 10-50HZ carries out dividing dynamic coding；
Fig. 6 is the least squares approximation results that 15-45HZ carries out dividing dynamic coding；
Fig. 7 is the least squares approximation results that 20-40HZ carries out dividing dynamic coding；
Fig. 8 is the least squares approximation results that 25-35HZ carries out dividing dynamic coding；
Fig. 9 is the frequency dividing time-consuming curve of frequency band length.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate shown in accompanying drawing, be described in detail below.
As it is shown in figure 1, the flow chart of the controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding that Fig. 1 is the present invention.
In step 101, input focus and big gun record.
In step 102, rebuild the source wavefield before coding after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field and receive wave field；
Wherein:Represent the source wavefield rebuild after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field respectively and receive wave field, NSRepresent the sum of big gun record, Ws、WRRepresent source wavefield and reception wave field that physics is relevant.
In step 103, input frequency dividing encoder matrix.
Encoder matrix E is Ns×NeMatrix, line number NsIt is the number of big gun record, columns NeIt is the number of times of coding, as shown in Figure 2.How the corresponding once coding to individual big gun collection of every string in encoder matrix, combine each big gun collection before determining skew；Its every a line represents each source wavefield or the weighting receiving wave field.We use Em,nPresentation code matrix, m represents row index (big gun index), and n is column index (coding number of times).The form that we can be expressed as entry of a matrix element:
Em,n=Am,nexp(-jφm,n) (3)
A represents the amplitude weight of m-th big gun collection, φ in n-th codingm,nRepresent the phase shift of m-th big gun collection in n-th coding.Element in encoder matrix can be positive number or negative, real number or plural number, and its form is relevant with its physical significance.Such as, real part in element represents corresponding big gun collection weight (optical amplitude encoding) in whole wave field, if plural number represents the phase shift (phase code) to be carried out to this big gun collection, the reversion to amplitudes egales is represented when real part is negative value, coding can be to carry out amplitude or phase place merely, it is also possible to be to carry out amplitude and phase place simultaneously.
We may also assume that the encoder matrix of a frequency independence, therefore this matrix can be three-dimensional, and the third dimension is frequency, and therefore encoder matrix can be write as:
Em,n(ω)=Am,n(ω)exp(-jφm,n(ω)) (4)
The encoder matrix of frequency dividing coding can be expressed as:
Wherein wiFor i-th frequency.
It can be appreciated that the mode purpose of frequency dividing coding is to make when i ≠ jWherein, i, j are the coordinate in length and breadth of encoder matrix respectively,Represent the source wavefield rebuild after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field respectively and receive wave field.In order to reach this purpose when a Ge Chaobao road collection is encoded, the wave field of frequency domain is divided, to making each source wavefield use different frequency bands respectively, and the frequency that in a channel set, a focus uses does not has overlap, corresponding reception wave field frequency allocation situation is identical with source wavefield.
In step 104, source wavefield and reception wave field are encoded by application encoder matrix.
Big gun collection coding is formed Chao Bao road collection to be multiplied with encoder matrix with big gun collection and represent, then the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field be:
BS=WSE (5)
BR=WRE (6)
Wherein: Bs、BRIt is respectively the source wavefield after coding and accepts wave field, Ws、WRBeing respectively the source wavefield after rebuilding and receive wave field, E is encoder matrix.
In step 105, the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field are carried out imaging；
Wherein, ReFor the source wavefield after coding and the imaging results of reception wave field, BsFor coding after source wavefield,It is to receive the conjugate transpose of wave field after coding.
In step 106, export imaging results.Flow process terminates.
In order to study the relation of division range and imaging results, different frequency scope is carried out dividing encoding ratio relatively by respectively.The dominant frequency of focus is 30 hertz, and around this dominant frequency, six frequency ranges of 0-60hz, 5-55hz, 10-50hz, 15-45hz, 20-40hz and 25-35hz are carried out dividing encoded test by respectively, analyze division range influence on RT.Fig. 3 to Fig. 8 is the result that different frequency bands carries out dividing coded imaging, diminishing along with frequency range is we can see that from figure, the quality of imaging results is gradually being deteriorated, but when the scope that frequency range diminishes is little and inconspicuous, and diminishing of frequency range can reduce amount of calculation thus reduce the calculating time.Fig. 9 is the time-consuming and relation of frequency band range that different frequency bands carries out testing, it is seen that along with frequency band length calculating time that narrows also is being gradually shortened.Therefore, we can shorten division range, we improved computational efficiency and is helpful on the premise of ensureing image quality.
Controlled source highly effective gathering mode, such as slip scan collection, V1 collection etc., substantially increases exploration efficiency, reduces the cost of Seismic Exploration with Vibrator.Therefore, the aspects such as the operation principle of controlled source, shooting parameter, disposal skill are studied, improve and gather, process the ability of controlled source data the development trend adapting to domestic seismic prospecting is very important.A kind of frequency dividing dynamic coding aliased data imaging technique is provided for this present invention, developing aliased data imaging technique based on the efficiently acquisition technique such as alternate sweep, slip scan, independent synchronization scanning (ISS), remote synchronous scanning (DSSS), the data gathered for highly effective gathering mode carry out follow-up explanation work offer imaging basis.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the invention discloses application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, it is not limited solely to the method described by the above-mentioned detailed description of the invention of the present invention, mode that should be previously described is the most preferred, and the most restrictive meaning.
Claims (6)
1. controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding, it is characterised in that should based on frequency dividing dynamically
The controlled source aliased data formation method of coding includes:
Step 1, input focus and big gun record；
Step 2, rebuilds the source wavefield before coding and receives wave field after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field；
Step 3, input frequency dividing encoder matrix；
Step 4, source wavefield and reception wave field are encoded by application encoder matrix；
Step 5, carries out imaging to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field；And
Step 6, exports imaging results.
Controlled source aliased data formation method based on frequency dividing dynamic coding the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, in step 2, the source wavefield of reconstruction with receiving wave field is:
Wherein:Represent the shake rebuild after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field respectively
Source wave field and reception wave field, NSRepresent the sum of big gun record, Ws、WRRepresent the focus ripple that physics is relevant
Field and reception wave field.
Controlled source aliased data imaging side based on frequency dividing dynamic coding the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that in step 3, uses Em,nPresentation code matrix, m represents row index, i.e. big gun
Index, n is column index, i.e. encodes number of times, the form that entry of a matrix element is expressed as:
Em,n=Am,nexp(-jφm,n) (3)
Am,nRepresent the amplitude weight of m-th big gun collection, φ in n-th codingm,nRepresent m-th big gun in n-th coding
The phase shift of collection, it is assumed that encoder matrix is the encoder matrix of a frequency independence, this matrix is three-dimensional,
The third dimension is frequencies omega, and therefore encoder matrix can be write as:
Em,n(ω)=Am,n(ω)exp(-jφm,n(ω)) (4)
The encoder matrix of frequency dividing coding is expressed as:
Wherein wiFor i-th frequency.
Controlled source aliased data imaging side based on frequency dividing dynamic coding the most according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that in step 3, the mode purpose of frequency dividing coding is to make when i ≠ jWherein, i, j are the coordinate in length and breadth of encoder matrix respectively,Represent respectively
The source wavefield rebuild after focus and big gun record being carried out wave field extrapolation by wave field and reception wave field；Right
When one Ge Chaobao road collection encodes, being divided by the wave field of frequency domain, each source wavefield makes respectively
With different frequency bands, and the Ge Chaobao road frequency of concentrating several focus to use does not has an overlap, corresponding
Receive wave field frequency allocation situation identical with source wavefield.
Controlled source aliased data imaging side based on frequency dividing dynamic coding the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that in step 4, forms Chao Bao road collection big gun collection and encoder matrix to big gun collection coding
It is multiplied and represents, then the source wavefield after coding with receiving wave field is:
BS=WSE (5)
BR=WRE (6)
Wherein: Bs、BRIt is respectively the source wavefield after coding and accepts wave field, Ws、WRIt is respectively after rebuilding
Source wavefield and receive wave field, E is encoder matrix.
Controlled source aliased data imaging side based on frequency dividing dynamic coding the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that in steps of 5, carries out imaging to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field
Expression formula is:
Wherein, ReFor the source wavefield after coding and the imaging results of reception wave field, BsFor coding after source wavefield,It is to compile
The conjugate transpose of wave field is received after Ma.
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