CN105316113A - Polyunsaturated fatty acid enriching method - Google Patents
Polyunsaturated fatty acid enriching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105316113A CN105316113A CN201510196920.XA CN201510196920A CN105316113A CN 105316113 A CN105316113 A CN 105316113A CN 201510196920 A CN201510196920 A CN 201510196920A CN 105316113 A CN105316113 A CN 105316113A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyunsaturated fatty acid enriching method. Acetonitrile serves as crystallizing solvent, crystallization and separation operation is conducted on fatty acid raw materials from fish oil, fish oil by-products and microbial oil one or more times, and polyunsaturated fatty acid in the fatty acid raw materials is enriched. The method includes the following steps that 1, fatty acid is evenly mixed with the acetonitrile of certain volume and placed at a low temperature to be crystallized, solid-liquid separation is conducted after crystallization, the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acid in the liquid phase can be raised to 50%-90%, and the yield can reach over 50%; 2, if the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acid needs to be further raised, part of solvent in the liquid phase in step (1) can be removed, low-temperature crystallization is conducted multiple times, and the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acid can be raised to be over 80%. The method is simple in operation, the solvent can be recycled, time is saved in the low-temperature crystallization process compared with other solvent, the content and the yield of the polyunsaturated fatty acid are greatly raised, and the method can be applied to preparation of medical raw materials of polyunsaturated fatty acid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enriching method of polyunsaturated fatty acid, in particular, is a kind of solvent crystallization enriching method of polyunsaturated fatty acid.
Background technology
The vital role of polyunsaturated fatty acid in human nutrition and disease prevention is generally acknowledged by scientific circles.A lot of research all reports polyunsaturated fatty acid and benefits healthy effect.Wherein eicosatetraenoic acid (ARA) and docosahexenoic acid (DHA) are not only the important composition composition of neu system, or the natural acid in breast milk, has vital role for the brain of infant and neural growth.Timnodonic acid (EPA) and docosahexenoic acid (DHA) all have good preventive and therapeutic action for cardiovascular disorder, atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory diseases, senile dementia.Because human body can not directly synthesize or synthesize less ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fat, so must be taken in supplementary by diet.
Content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in natural fats and oils is lower, if desired reaches certain health-care effect or medicinal efficacy then needs the more much higher unsaturated fatty acids of purity.Therefore need to carry out enrichment to polyunsaturated fatty acid.Low temperature crystallization mainly utilizes the difference of different lipid acid solubleness in differing temps and different solvents to be separated.The difference of this solubleness depends on chain length and the double key number of lipid acid.When in lipid acid, double bond number is identical, carbochain its solubleness longer is lower; When carbon chain lengths one timing, double bond number its solubleness more is larger.Low temperature crystallization is simple to operate, with low cost, and solvent is recyclable.
Li He etc. utilize acetone-ethanol mixed solvent, by crystallization control speed, enrichment is carried out to EPA and DHA in fish oil fatty acid, 50% ~ 58% is increased to by 7% ~ 15% through flash liberation content, through twice separation can reach 73% ~ 79% (Lee and, Li Peiwen etc. the method for EPA and DHA in low temperature crystallization enrichment fish oil." Chinese Huayang medicine ", 1997,4:50-52).After marine animal grease type tankage powder is extracted grease by Li Peng's journeys etc., content (Li Peng's journey of solid-liquid separation enrichment EPA and DHA is carried out after utilizing 1 ~ 3 times of acetone to place 6 ~ 12h at-80 ~ 0 DEG C, Li Ting etc. a kind of method extracting natural EPA and DHA. China, 201410015950.1).Traditional solvent low temperature crystallization many employings acetone or normal hexane are as low temperature crystallization solvent, consuming time more, generally need more than crystallization 10h at low temperatures, reduce bioaccumulation efficiency.The present invention's application acetonitrile, as low temperature crystallization solvent, shortens crystallization required time greatly, remains the advantage of low temperature crystallization operation, and can improve purity and the productive rate of polyunsaturated fatty acid more significantly, be suitable for industrial production.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: utilize acetonitrile as solvent, to come from fish oil, fish oil by product, microbial oil lipid acid carry out one or many crystallization and lock out operation, enrichment polyunsaturated fatty acid wherein.
Technical scheme of the present invention: with come from fish oil, fish oil by product, microbial oil lipid acid for raw material, carry out one or many low temperature crystallization enriching polyunsaturated fatty acid after fully mixing with a certain amount of acetonitrile.Concrete steps are:
(1) low temperature crystallization
By come from fish oil, fish oil by product, microbial oil lipid acid mix in 1: 5 ~ 1: 25 (W/V) ratio with acetonitrile, low temperature crystallization 0.5 ~ 2h at being placed in-80 ~ 0 DEG C, carry out solid-liquid separation after crystallization, collect liquid phase desolvation under 45 DEG C of vacuum.Through first time low temperature crystallization, raw material content of polyunsaturated fatty acid can be increased to 60% ~ 90%, and actual yield reaches 55% ~ 75%.
(2) multiple low-temperature crystallization
If desired the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved further, can by the solvent of the liquid phase removing 1/3 ~ 1/2 after previous step crystallization, crystallization 0.5 ~ 1h at continuing to be placed in-80 ~-40 DEG C, can make content of polyunsaturated fatty acid be increased to 90% ~ 96% further.
The present invention is simple to operate, with low cost, comparatively saves time, and solvent is recyclable recycles.Whole operating process conditional is gentle, can not produce destroy polyunsaturated fatty acid structure, and the product polyunsaturated fatty acid purity obtained and productive rate higher, can be applicable to the preparation of medicine industry raw material in early stage.
Embodiment
In order to set forth content of the present invention better, below in conjunction with concrete example, the invention will be further described, and protection scope of the present invention is not only confined to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Get algae fatty acid oil 50g, it is at room temperature mixed with 400ml acetonitrile, be placed in-40 DEG C of refrigerator low temperature crystallization 1.5h.To be crystallized complete after, carry out solid-liquid separation, get its liquid phase and obtain desired product at 45 DEG C of removing acetonitrile.Divide raw material and product lipid acid composition by gas phase, and calculate phase product yield, as shown in the table:
Table 1 raw material, product polyunsaturated fatty acid form
By primary crystallization, algae oil content of polyunsaturated fatty acid can be made to be promoted to 90.54% by 57.82%, and productive rate reaches 59.76%.Wherein DPA (ω-6) is increased to 24.59%, DHA by 16.38% and is increased to 61.83% by 38.92%.
Embodiment two
Get 50g tuna oil lipid acid, at room temperature mix with 550ml acetonitrile, lipid acid-acetonitrile solution is placed in-40 DEG C of refrigerator 1h, carries out first time low temperature crystallization.To be crystallized complete after, carry out solid-liquid separation, get its liquid phase, under-45 DEG C of vacuum, remove 1/2 solvent, new lipid acid-acetonitrile solution is placed in-80 DEG C of refrigerators and carries out second time crystallization 0.5h.To be crystallized complete after, carrying out second time solid-liquid separation, obtaining product by removing acetonitrile under liquid phase part 45 DEG C of vacuum.With gas phase analysis raw material and product lipid acid composition, experimental result is as shown in the table:
Table 2 raw material, product lipid acid composition and productive rate
By secondary crystal, tuna oil polyunsaturated fatty acid is made to be increased to 89.36% by 37.67%.Wherein EPA is increased to 16.47%, DHA by 6.71% and is increased to 65.33% by 25.70%.
Embodiment three
Get microbial oil lipid acid (the wherein saturated fatty acid content about 30% that 10g is rich in ARA, monounsaturated fatty acids content about 10%, C18:2 and C18:3 content is about 17%, C20:4 content is about 40%) fully mix with 100ml acetonitrile, at being placed in-20 DEG C after low temperature crystallization 1h, removing solid phase, removes solvent acetonitrile in liquid phase and obtains product.In product, ARA content reaches 70%, and productive rate is 60%.
Claims (6)
1. the enriching method of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, utilize the low-temperature solvent crystallization of lipid acid, it is characterized in that utilizing acetonitrile as recrystallisation solvent, one or many crystallization and lock out operation are carried out to lipid acid, through a low temperature crystallization, make content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in raw material be increased to more than 50%, productive rate reaches more than 50%; Through multiple low-temperature crystallization, content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in raw material is made to be increased to more than 80%.
2. the enriching method of a kind of polyunsaturated fatty acid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the target polyunsaturated fatty acid carbon chain lengths of described expectation enrichment is at least 20 carbon, double bond number is at least 4, comprise eicosatetraenoic acid (C20:4, ω-6), timnodonic acid (C20:5, ω-3), clupanodonic acid (C22:5, ω-3), clupanodonic acid (C22:5, ω-6), one or more in the lipid acid such as docosahexenoic acid (C22:6, ω-3).
3. the enriching method of a kind of polyunsaturated fatty acid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lipid acid comes from fish oil, fish oil by product, microbial oil, and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is not less than 15%.
4. the enriching method of a kind of polyunsaturated fatty acid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ratio of described lipid acid and solvent acetonitrile is 1: 5 ~ 1: 25 (W/V), and Tc is-80 ~ 0 DEG C, and crystallization time is 0.5 ~ 2h.
5. the enriching method of a kind of polyunsaturated fatty acid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described through a low temperature crystallization, in raw fatty acid, content of polyunsaturated fatty acid can be increased to 60% ~ 90%, and productive rate is 55% ~ 75%.
6. the enriching method of a kind of polyunsaturated fatty acid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described through multiple low-temperature crystallization, in raw fatty acid, content of polyunsaturated fatty acid can be increased to 80% ~ 96%.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107418724A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-12-01 | 天津大学 | A kind of method for separating unsaturated fat acid blend in soybean oil residue aliphatic acid |
| CN107602386A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-19 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method that low temperature crystallization is enriched with ethyl esterified fish oil EPA, DHA |
| WO2018071553A1 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-19 | Ingevity South Carolina, Llc | Method of separating tall oil fatty acids |
| CN111575110A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Method for purifying microbial oil containing polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| CN115715559A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-02-28 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Method for enriching DHA in grease |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018071553A1 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-19 | Ingevity South Carolina, Llc | Method of separating tall oil fatty acids |
| CN107418724A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-12-01 | 天津大学 | A kind of method for separating unsaturated fat acid blend in soybean oil residue aliphatic acid |
| CN107602386A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-19 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method that low temperature crystallization is enriched with ethyl esterified fish oil EPA, DHA |
| CN107602386B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2020-08-11 | 浙江海洋大学 | Method for enriching ethylated fish oil EPA and DHA through low-temperature crystallization |
| CN111575110A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Method for purifying microbial oil containing polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| CN115715559A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-02-28 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Method for enriching DHA in grease |
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Application publication date: 20160210 |