CN105305954A - Photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolation communication function - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolation communication function Download PDFInfo
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- CN105305954A CN105305954A CN201510744323.6A CN201510744323A CN105305954A CN 105305954 A CN105305954 A CN 105305954A CN 201510744323 A CN201510744323 A CN 201510744323A CN 105305954 A CN105305954 A CN 105305954A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a terminal box with an isolation communication function. A photoelectric coupler or an infrared transmitting tube, an infrared receiving tube, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, a bypass diode and other electronic components are connected with the photovoltaic module through a printed circuit board; an electronic switch and a bypass switch are in parallel connection, and the electronic switch is in series connection with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic module and the terminal box can realize functions of information detection and performance analysis of the photovoltaic module, isolation communication among the photovoltaic modules, isolation communication between the photovoltaic module and an external apparatus, on and off control of the photovoltaic module, arc protection, overcurrent protection and earth leakage protection, as well as can solve the problems of poor heat dissipation of devices and the like; and all or partial of the functions are integrated for the terminal box of the photovoltaic module, so that the cost of a photovoltaic system is reduced, the installation and the maintenance of the photovoltaic system are simplified, the reliability and the controllability of the photovoltaic system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to isolated communication and the control of photovoltaic module and terminal box, be specifically related to a kind of for solve between photovoltaic module and with external device (ED) isolated communication, the through and off of photovoltaic module control, the intelligent photovoltaic component of infomation detection and error protection and terminal box.
Background technology
Photovoltaic system needs the communication and control of high reliability and low cost, perfect exception monitoring, constructs simple and easy convenient with networking.Technical support based on photovoltaic module rank then seems particularly important.Current communication is most to be realized based on radio magnetic wave, and electromagnetic communication there is system complex and cost is high, easily disturbed, and loss is large, the problems such as networking channel quantity is limited.Electromagnetic communication cannot the communication requirement of supporting component rank, especially in large-sized photovoltaic system.
When photovoltaic system generation electric arc or the abnormal failure such as overcurrent or electric leakage, need to disconnect photovoltaic module in time.Therefore, the protection switch of low insertion loss and high reliability is crucial.And mechanical switch exists serious switching arc problem, there is the excessive problem of conduction loss in electronic switch.The error protection of photovoltaic module rank is the requisite base support of system protection, and the switch of routine cannot solve the switch control rule of component-level.
Existing photovoltaic component terminal box function singleness, heat-generating components inside heat radiation is bad.During too high the or module backside improper ventilation of applied environment temperature, problem is then more outstanding.
Along with photovoltaic generation particularly builds the development of photovoltaic, how to detect how the voltage of every block photovoltaic module and electric current and temperature information and Control on Communication effectively detect the serial arc of photovoltaic system and parallel arc and the fault such as overcurrent and electric leakage and how protection facilitates fire-fighting and rescue and safeguards and to need and to cut off or close the heat radiation how every block photovoltaic module to solve photovoltaic component terminal box internal components bad automatically? be badly in need of the terminal box of a excellent heat radiation performance, a have infomation detection and communication and controlling functions, and there is the intelligent photovoltaic component of various fault detect and automatic protection functions.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the infomation detection realizing photovoltaic module, isolated communication between photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module and external device (ED) isolated communication, the through and off of photovoltaic module control, default detection and protection, improve device heat radiation and insulation property etc.Above-mentioned functions is all or part of to be encapsulated in photovoltaic component terminal box, to reduce photovoltaic system cost, simplifies I&M, improves reliability and the controllability of system.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Have photovoltaic module and the terminal box of isolated communication function, terminal box comprises the terminal block housings, printed circuit board (PCB), electronic devices and components, isolation transceiving device, communication connector socket, communications connector plug, telecommunication cable, photovoltaic module cable and the photovoltaic module busbar that are made up of terminal box upper casing and terminal box lower casing; Described printed circuit board (PCB) and terminal box lower casing or terminal box upper casing are fixed; Described photovoltaic module cable and photovoltaic module busbar are connected with printed circuit board (PCB) respectively; Described electronic devices and components and described isolation transceiving device weld on a printed circuit respectively; The transmitting-receiving port of described isolation transceiving device is connected with junction box telecommunication circuit A, and the isolation transmitting-receiving port of isolation transceiving device is connected with communication connector socket; Described communications connector plug is connected with junction box telecommunication circuit B; The communications connector plug of photovoltaic module is connected with the communication connector socket of adjacent photovoltaic assembly, and some pieces of photovoltaic modulies form photovoltaic array, and each photovoltaic module realizes mutually isolated communication by isolation transceiving device.
Described isolation transceiving device is made up of the first photoelectrical coupler and the second photoelectrical coupler two photoelectrical couplers, the transmitting terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler are formed receives and dispatches port, and the transmitting terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler form to isolate receives and dispatches port.
Described isolation transceiving device is made up of the first infrared transceiver and the second infrared transceiver two infrared transceivers, and the first infrared transmitting tube and the first infrared receiving tube are formed receives and dispatches port, and the second infrared transmitting tube and the second infrared receiving tube form to isolate receives and dispatches port.
Described first infrared transmitting tube is connected with junction box telecommunication circuit A with the first infrared receiving tube; Described second infrared transmitting tube is connected with junction box telecommunication circuit B with the second infrared receiving tube; Described first infrared transmitting tube and the first infrared receiving tube and the second infrared transmitting tube and the second infrared receiving tube, be encapsulated in respectively in communication connector socket and communications connector plug, or be encapsulated in respectively in terminal block housings.
Described communication connector socket is fixed in terminal block housings, and it is outside that described communications connector plug telecommunication cable draws terminal block housings; Or described communication connector socket and communications connector plug are all fixed in terminal block housings; Or with telecommunication cable, communication connector socket and communications connector plug are drawn terminal block housings outside.
Described communications connector plug or communication connector socket are connected with the allocation of communications device of external device (ED), and the allocation of communications device of external device (ED) and photovoltaic module are by external isolation transceiving device or isolate transceiving device and realize mutually isolated communication; Multiple allocation of communications device parallel join is on communication bus and power source bus; Multichannel communication bus and power source bus are connected with communication controler.Communication controler communicates with the allocation of communications device walking abreast all on communication bus respectively; Communication controler is connected with external equipment, and realizes system group network communication by the Internet.Communication controler obtains the data of each allocation of communications device by inquiry mode; Communication controler can send general controls code, controls all photovoltaic modulies and allocation of communications device.Communication master controller is connected with multiple communication controler, realizes power system capacity and amplifies; Communication master controller is connected with external equipment, realizes system group network communication by the Internet.Control information is given allocation of communications device by communication controler, allocation of communications device sends to photovoltaic module by isolation transceiving device, and control information is sent to every block photovoltaic module by isolation transceiving device according to the communication series sequence of photovoltaic module by photovoltaic module successively.Photovoltaic module performs the control information received respectively.After photovoltaic system powers on and sets up communication, photovoltaic module or allocation of communications device autocoding ID address, photovoltaic module or allocation of communications device also can be encoded ID address in advance.
In described photovoltaic array, information is sent in next block photovoltaic module by first piece of photovoltaic module, the information package of self information with the lastblock photovoltaic module received down sends by next block photovoltaic module, the information received and self information are packed by last block photovoltaic module, are sent to external device (ED) (allocation of communications device); Control information is sent to last block photovoltaic module in photovoltaic array by described external device (ED) (allocation of communications device), and information sends, until be sent to first piece of photovoltaic module toward lastblock photovoltaic module by last block photovoltaic module.External device (ED) can obtain the part or all of information of photovoltaic module by inquiry mode.
Described electronic devices and components comprise current sensor, voltage sensor, temperature sensor, isolation transceiving device and microprocessor; Described current sensor is connected on the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module; Described voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive pole of photovoltaic module and negative pole; Described temperature sensor contacts with the backboard of photovoltaic module; Described microprocessor gathers the signal of current sensor and voltage sensor and temperature sensor; Described microprocessor is by isolation transceiving device and adjacent photovoltaic assembly or communication with external apparatus.During photovoltaic system generation electric arc, the electric current of relative photo photovoltaic assembly and voltage produce unusual fluctuations, and the frequency range of fluctuation is relative with amplitude accounting scope to be determined.Distinguish wave characteristic when normally working by vibration frequency and fluctuation amplitude accounting, determine whether arc fault occurs.The on-off of Microprocessor S3C44B0X photovoltaic module, and send fault message to external device (ED).
Described electronic devices and components also comprise electronic switch and by-pass switch; Described electronic switch and by-pass switch are connected in parallel, then are connected in series with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module; Conducting controls, the preferential conducting of electronic switch, the delayed conducting of by-pass switch; Turn off and control, by-pass switch first disconnects, and turns off after electronic switch.When external device (ED) detects photovoltaic system arc fault, with communication mode, arc fault control information is sent in corresponding photovoltaic module, controls the on-off of photovoltaic module.When photovoltaic system maintenance or when running into emergency, control photovoltaic module and break from array; When maintenance is complete or emergency is removed, in time photovoltaic module is recovered conducting from array.In order to reduce costs and improve performance, adopt electronic switch in parallel with mechanical type by-pass switch, then connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module.Mechanical type by-pass switch has the little feature of the low and pressure drop loss of conduction impedance, and electronic switch has conducting and disconnects without electric arc and the fast feature of switching speed.Closed mechanical type by-pass switch after conducting controls first to open electronic switch, disconnects after controlling first to disconnect mechanical type by-pass switch and turns off electronic switch.In order to reduce the wastage further, mechanical type by-pass switch uses normally closed static contact switch control rule, and mechanical type by-pass switch only consumes the energy when disconnecting and controlling.After system electrification, mechanical switch carries out maintenance switch action, prevents that the normally closed static contact of mechanical type by-pass switch is failure to actuate for a long time and generating material is bonding.
Described electronic devices and components also comprise the multiple bypass diodes being arranged on junction box.Be connected voltage sensor between the negative electrode of each bypass diode and the negative pole of photovoltaic module in terminal box, detect the voltage of the solar battery group string in parallel with bypass diode; For analyzing the voltage characteristic of the inner different solar battery group string of photovoltaic module, judge that whether photovoltaic module performance is normal.
Described terminal box also comprises the metal heat-conducting piece for large power consuming electronic components and parts heat radiation; The one side of the large power consumption of described large power consuming electronic components and parts is welded and fixed with printed circuit board (PCB), and another face and metal heat-conducting piece fixedly mount; Described metal heat-conducting piece protrudes terminal box upper casing or lower casing, is exposed in external environment condition, or with the material of outside good heat conductivity.Bypass diode constant power device in photovoltaic component terminal box, loss large temperature rise during work, particularly sealing and function of environment heat emission bad time, need to take external auxiliary radiating mode.In order to simplified structure and reducing costs, by the welding of bypass diode constant power device on a printed circuit, metal heat-conducting piece is crimped on the heater members such as bypass diode, and the body of part metals heat-conducting piece protrudes terminal block housings.In order to improve heat dispersion further and reduce costs, the metal heat-conducting piece of protrusion and the frame of photovoltaic module are fixed.In order to protect bypass diode not to be reversed high electrical breakdown, can on bypass diode overvoltage protecting device in parallel.
Described electronic devices and components and printed circuit board (PCB) cover the book film that insulate, and metal heat-conducting piece is located by buckle and boss and terminal box lower casing, and will insulate book film and large power consuming electronic components and parts and printed circuit board (PCB) compress.In order to improve the insulation property between metal heat-conducting piece and charged object, between metal heat-conducting piece and the device such as bypass diode and printed circuit board (PCB), insert insulation book film with reinforced insulation.Cable and metal cold pressure side sub-connection, the welding of metal cold end terminal on a printed circuit.
The transmitting-receiving port of described isolation transceiving device is connected with junction box telecommunication circuit A, and the isolation transmitting-receiving port of isolation transceiving device is connected with communication connector socket; The communication connector socket of photovoltaic module is connected with the communications connector plug of external device (ED), and photovoltaic module and external device (ED) realize isolated communication by isolating transceiving device.
Realize isolated communication based on photoelectrical coupler or infrared transceiver between photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module and external device (ED) are based on photoelectrical coupler or infrared transceiver isolated communication.
Photoelectrical coupler composition isolation transceiving device: transmitting terminal is connected with the electronic devices and components of receiving terminal with photovoltaic component terminal box intercommunication circuit A by No. 2 photoelectrical couplers respectively, and the transmitting terminal of isolation is connected with the communication connector socket in terminal block housings with receiving terminal; Telecommunication cable is connected with the electronic devices and components of junction box telecommunication circuit B, draws terminal box outside and is connected with communications connector plug.The communications connector plug of photovoltaic module is connected with the communication connector socket on adjacent photovoltaic assembly junction box housing, is communicated by photoelectric coupler isolation.Communications connector plug or the communication connector socket of external device (ED) and photovoltaic module are connected, by the photoelectric coupler isolation communication of external device (ED) or photovoltaic module.Communications connector plug and communication connector socket also can all be fixed in terminal block housings; Or all draw terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable; Or one is fixed in terminal block housings, another draws terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable.
Infrared transceiver composition isolation transceiving device: 2 road infrared transceivers are connected with the electronic devices and components of photovoltaic component terminal box intercommunication circuit, are all fixed in terminal block housings; Or all draw terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable; Or one is fixed in terminal block housings, another draws terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable.2 road infrared transceivers align with the infrared transceiver of adjacent photovoltaic assembly respectively and communicate; Or to align with the infrared transceiver of external device (ED) and communicate.Two infrared transceivers are fixed in terminal block housings, and infrared transceiver need avoid the veil of photovoltaic system; Or the transmission path that light guide support avoids veil and change infrared light is installed.As photovoltaic component frame blocks infrared communication, frame perforate mode can be taked to solve.
Terminal box or allocation of communications device or communication controler can arrange emergency button, control electronic switch and by-pass switch, for manually cutting off the power supply of photovoltaic system during emergency by emergency button.
On a printed circuit, photovoltaic module provides working power for above-mentioned device for electric current and the welding such as voltage and temperature sensor, electronic switch and by-pass switch, photoelectrical coupler or infrared transceiver, microprocessor, photovoltaic module busbar.
Printed circuit board (PCB) is fixed in terminal box lower casing, and terminal box upper casing is engaged on terminal box lower casing, and by metal heat-conducting piece and the device such as printed circuit board (PCB) and bypass diode firm grip, improves heat radiation.
Pour into fluid sealant in terminal box, printed circuit board (PCB) and device above and charged object are closed, improve water resistance and improve the weather resistance of terminal box.
Electronic switch can select the devices such as MOSFET, IGBT, triode, controllable silicon.By-pass switch can select the mechanical switch such as relay, contactor device.Metal heat-conducting piece can select the materials such as Al and Alalloy, Copper and its alloy, steel.Voltage sensor adopts resistance string dividing potential drop or selects the devices such as Hall.Current sensor adopts resistance or selects the devices such as Hall.Temperature sensor can select the device such as thermistor, semiconductor.Overvoltage protecting device can select the device such as piezo-resistance, TVS diode.The optional photoelectrical coupler of isolation transceiving device, infrared transceiver, luminous tube and photosensitive tube, piezoelectric device, electromagnetic coupled device etc.
From above technical scheme, the present invention can realize the infomation detection of photovoltaic module, isolated communication between photovoltaic module; photovoltaic module and external device (ED) isolated communication; the through and off of photovoltaic module control, default detection and protection, improve the functions such as device heat radiation and insulation property.Above-mentioned functions is all or part of to be encapsulated in photovoltaic component terminal box, to reduce photovoltaic system cost, simplifies I&M, improves reliability and the controllability of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 1 of embodiment 1 isolation transceiving device and photovoltaic module and terminal box schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is 2 of embodiment 2 isolation transceiving devices and photovoltaic module and terminal box schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of the photovoltaic group string of embodiment 3 and the allocation of communications device of external device (ED);
Fig. 4 is that the isolation transceiving device of embodiment 4 and photovoltaic component frame fix schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 be the isolation transceiving device of embodiment 5 directly and allocation of communications device connection diagram;
Fig. 6 be embodiment 6 terminal box on the assembly drawing of lower casing and printed circuit board (PCB) and metal heat-conducting piece;
Fig. 7 is the junction box circuit schematic diagram that the photovoltaic module power generation performance of embodiment 7 detects;
Fig. 8 is the photovoltaic system communication construction system figure based on isolation transceiving device;
Fig. 9 is communication and the testing circuit schematic diagram of 1 isolation transceiving device;
Figure 10 is communication and the testing circuit schematic diagram of 2 isolation transceiving devices;
Figure 11 is electronic switch and by-pass switch and photovoltaic module positive pole series circuit schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is electronic switch and by-pass switch and photovoltaic module negative pole series circuit schematic diagram;
Figure 13 is photovoltaic module cable and photovoltaic module busbar and bypass diode and printed circuit board (PCB) connection diagram;
Figure 14 is that metal heat-conducting piece and insulate book film and printed circuit board (PCB) and electronic devices and components assemble schematic diagram;
Figure 15 is the first voltage sensor schematic diagram of resistance device detection supply voltage in series;
Figure 16 is the isolation transceiving device schematic diagram of photoelectrical coupler combination;
Figure 17 is the isolation transceiving device schematic diagram that infrared transmitting tube and infrared receiving tube combine;
Figure 18 is the connection diagram of the allocation of communications device of photovoltaic group string and external device (ED);
Wherein:
1, terminal box lower casing, 2, terminal box upper casing, 3, printed circuit board (PCB), 4, isolation transceiving device, 5, photovoltaic module, 6, photovoltaic component frame, 7, photovoltaic module busbar, 8, communications connector plug, 9, communication connector socket, 10, telecommunication cable, 11, to cold pressing metal terminal, 12, photovoltaic component connector, 13, metal heat-conducting piece, 14, insulation book film, 15, bypass diode, 16, electronic switch, 17, by-pass switch, 18, voltage sensor, 19, current sensor, 20, temperature sensor, 21, overvoltage protecting device, 22, microprocessor, 23, fly-wheel diode, 24, external isolation transceiving device, 25, solar battery group string, 26, resistance, 27, allocation of communications device, 28, communication controler, 29, communication bus, 30, power source bus, 31, photovoltaic module cable, 32, photoelectrical coupler, 33, transmitting terminal, 34, receiving terminal, 35, infrared transmitting tube, 36, infrared receiving tube, 37, telecommunication circuit A, 38, telecommunication circuit B, 39, transmitting-receiving port, 40, isolation transmitting-receiving port.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
embodiment 1
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Figure 1, the present invention will isolate transceiving device 4(photoelectrical coupler or infrared transceiver) one of them transmitting terminal is connected with photovoltaic component terminal box intercommunication circuit 37 with receiving terminal, and transmitting terminal of another isolation is connected with the communication connector socket 9 in terminal block housings with receiving terminal; Telecommunication cable 10 is connected with the electronic devices and components of junction box telecommunication circuit 38, draws terminal box outside and insert 8 with communications connector to be connected.Communications connector plug 8 and communication connector socket 9 also can all be fixed in terminal block housings; Or all draw terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable 10.The communications connector plug 8 of photovoltaic module 5 is connected with the communication connector socket 9 on adjacent photovoltaic assembly junction box housing, by isolation transceiving device 4 isolated communication of adjacent photovoltaic assembly junction box inside.Communications connector plug 8 or the communication connector socket 9 of external device (ED) and photovoltaic module are connected, by isolation transceiving device 4 isolated communication of external isolation transceiving device 24 or photovoltaic module 5.Isolate the electronic devices and components such as transceiving device 4, current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18, temperature sensor 20, microprocessor 22 and bypass diode 15 to be connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and provide power supply by photovoltaic module 5.When photovoltaic module 5 needs to have the function such as electric arc fault protection and overcurrent protection, and photovoltaic module can be controlled when being turned on or off, by electronic switch 16 and by-pass switch 17 in parallel with, then connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module 5 and realize.
embodiment 2
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Figure 2, the present invention is by two isolation transceiving device 4(photoelectrical couplers or infrared transceiver) be connected with communications connector plug 8 and communication connector socket 9; Maybe isolation transceiving device 4 is encapsulated in communications connector plug 8 and communication connector socket 9, draws terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable 10; Or communication connector socket 9 is fixed in terminal block housings, communications connector plug 8 telecommunication cable 10 draws terminal block housings outside; Maybe isolation transceiving device 4 is encapsulated on the body of photovoltaic module 5.The isolation transceiving device 4 of adjacent photovoltaic assembly connects and isolated communication; External device (ED) is connected with photovoltaic module, by isolation transceiving device 4 isolated communication of external isolation transceiving device 24 or photovoltaic module.Isolate the electronic devices and components such as transceiving device 4, current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18, temperature sensor 20, microprocessor 22 and bypass diode 15 to be connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and provide power supply by photovoltaic module 5.When photovoltaic module 5 needs to have the function such as electric arc fault protection and overcurrent protection, and photovoltaic module can be controlled when being turned on or off, by electronic switch 16 and by-pass switch 17 in parallel, then connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module 5 and realize.
embodiment 3
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Figure 3, some pieces of photovoltaic modulies 5 are connected in series by the present invention, wherein communications connector plug 8 is connected with the communication connector socket 9 of adjacent photovoltaic assembly by photovoltaic module 5, and in group string, the communications connector plug 8 of last block photovoltaic module is connected with the allocation of communications device 27 of external device (ED).Last block photovoltaic module is by the isolation transceiving device isolated communication of allocation of communications device 27 inside.Isolate the electronic devices and components such as transceiving device 4, current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18, temperature sensor 20, microprocessor 22 and bypass diode 15 to be connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and provide power supply by photovoltaic module 5.When photovoltaic module 5 needs to have the function such as electric arc fault protection and overcurrent protection, and photovoltaic module can be controlled when being turned on or off, by electronic switch 16 and by-pass switch 17 in parallel, then connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module 5 and realize.
embodiment 4
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Figure 4, the present invention is by two of photovoltaic module isolation transceiving device 4(photoelectrical couplers or infrared transceiver) be encapsulated on the photovoltaic component frame 6 of photovoltaic module both sides, be connected with the electronic devices and components of telecommunication cable 10 with photovoltaic component terminal box intercommunication circuit 37 respectively.By isolation transceiving device 4 isolated communication between adjacent photovoltaic module.Isolation transceiving device 4 isolated communication of external isolation transceiving device 24 or photovoltaic module 5 is passed through between external device (ED) and photovoltaic module.Isolate the electronic devices and components such as transceiving device 4, current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18, temperature sensor 19, microprocessor 22 and bypass diode 15 to be connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and provide power supply by photovoltaic module 5.When photovoltaic module 5 needs to have the function such as electric arc fault protection and overcurrent protection, and photovoltaic module can be controlled when being turned on or off, by electronic switch and by-pass switch 17 in parallel, then connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module 5 and realize.
embodiment 5
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Figure 5, the present invention is by the isolation transceiving device 4(photoelectrical coupler of photovoltaic module or infrared transceiver) one of them transmitting terminal 33 is connected with the electronic devices and components of receiving terminal 34 with photovoltaic component terminal box intercommunication circuit A37, and transmitting terminal 33 of another isolation is connected with the communication connector socket 9 in terminal block housings with receiving terminal 34; Or another transmitting terminal 33 of isolating and receiving terminal 34 telecommunication cable 10 are drawn photovoltaic component terminal box outside, and be connected with communication connector socket 9.The communications connector plug 8 of external device (ED) is connected with the communication connector socket 9 of photovoltaic module 5, by isolation transceiving device 4 isolated communication.Isolate the electronic devices and components such as transceiving device 4, current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18, temperature sensor 20, microprocessor 22 and bypass diode 15 to be connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and provide power supply by photovoltaic module 5.When photovoltaic module 5 needs to have the function such as electric arc fault protection and overcurrent protection, and photovoltaic module can be controlled when being turned on or off, by electronic switch 16 and by-pass switch 17 in parallel, then connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module 5 and realize.
embodiment 6
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Fig. 6 and Figure 14, electronic devices and components such as bypass diode 15 grade in terminal box are welded on printed circuit board (PCB) 3 by the present invention, photovoltaic module cable 31 is connected with metal terminal 11 of colding pressing with telecommunication cable 10, cold pressing metal terminal 11 and photovoltaic module busbar 7 welds on a printed circuit, and printed circuit board (PCB) is fixed by snap in terminal box lower casing.The electronic devices and components such as bypass diode and printed circuit board (PCB) cover the book film 14 that insulate, metal heat-conducting piece 13 can adopt the model such as aluminium, copper that conductive coefficient is higher, metal heat-conducting piece 13 is located by buckle and boss and terminal box lower casing 1, and insulation book film 14 and electronic devices and components and printed circuit board (PCB) 3 is compressed.Terminal box upper casing 2 is fixed by buckle and terminal box lower casing 1, and metal heat-conducting piece 13 compression is clipped.The side of terminal box lower casing is protruded in a face of metal heat-conducting piece 13, or protrudes terminal box upper casing, is directly exposed in terminal box external environment condition.Fluid sealant is poured into, by electronic devices and components, printed circuit board (PCB) 3, photovoltaic module busbar 7 and the charged object sealing protections such as metal terminal 11 of colding pressing in terminal box lower casing 1.
embodiment 7
A kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function as shown in Figure 7, the present invention, by voltage sensor in series for resistance 26, is connected in parallel between each bypass two pole 15 tube cathode and photovoltaic module 5 negative pole respectively; Microprocessor 22, by series resistance 26 dividing potential drop, detects the voltage of the solar battery group string 25 in parallel with bypass diode 15; Analyze photovoltaic module inner all solar battery group crosstalk pressures performance difference, learn that whether photovoltaic module is normal.Isolate the electronic devices and components such as transceiving device 4, current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18, temperature sensor 20, microprocessor 22 and bypass diode 15 to be connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and provide power supply by photovoltaic module 5.When photovoltaic module 5 needs to have the function such as electric arc fault protection and overcurrent protection, and photovoltaic module can be controlled when being turned on or off, be realized by electronic switch 16 and in parallel to connect with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module 5 of by-pass switch 17.
The external device (ED) communicated with photovoltaic module as shown in Figure 8.Comprise allocation of communications device 27 and isolation transceiving device 4, communication controler 28, communication bus 29 and power source bus 30.Polylith photovoltaic module is connected with an allocation of communications device 27 isolated communication; Multiple allocation of communications device 27 parallel join on communication bus 29, and is powered by communication power supply bus 30.Communication bus 29 is connected with communication controler 28 with power source bus 30.Photovoltaic module 5 and allocation of communications device 27 manipulate by communication controler.
The communication of the device composition that 2 transmitting-receiving ports are as shown in Figure 9 mutually isolated and information acquisition circuit block diagram.Current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18 and temperature sensor 20 are connected with microprocessor 22 and peripheral interface electronic devices and components thereof respectively.Peripheral 2 communication interface circuits of microprocessor 22, one of them is connected with the transmitting terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler, the receiving terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler is connected with communication connector socket 9 with the transmitting terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler (or one of them is connected with the first infrared transceiver, and the second infrared transceiver is connected with communication connector socket 9); Another is directly connected with communications connector plug 8.Photovoltaic module 5 by power converting circuit for foregoing circuit and device provide power supply.
The communication of 2 groups of isolated communication device compositions as shown in Figure 10 and intelligence sample circuit block diagram.Current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18 and temperature sensor 20 are connected with microprocessor 22 and peripheral interface electronic devices and components thereof respectively.Peripheral 2 communication interface circuits of microprocessor 22, one of them is connected with the first infrared transceiver, and another is connected with the second infrared transceiver.2 infrared transceivers encapsulate with communication connection socket and communications connector plug combination respectively.Photovoltaic module by power converting circuit for foregoing circuit and device provide power supply.
Photovoltaic module as shown in figure 11 controls conducting and dead circuit block diagram.Current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18 and temperature sensor 20 are connected with microprocessor 22 and peripheral interface electronic devices and components thereof respectively.Peripheral 2 communication interface circuits of microprocessor 22, one of them is connected with the transmitting terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler, the receiving terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler is connected with communication connector socket 9 with the transmitting terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler (or one of them is connected with the first infrared transceiver, and the second infrared transceiver is connected with communication connector socket 9); Another is directly connected with communications connector plug 8.Electronic switch 16 and by-pass switch 17 are connected in parallel, then connect with the positive pole of photovoltaic module 5.Photovoltaic module 5 by power converting circuit for foregoing circuit and device provide power supply.
Photovoltaic module as shown in figure 12 controls conducting and dead circuit block diagram.Current sensor 19, voltage sensor 18 and temperature sensor 20 are connected with microprocessor 22 and peripheral interface electronic devices and components thereof respectively.Peripheral 2 communication interface circuits of microprocessor 22, one of them is connected with the transmitting terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler, the receiving terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler is connected with communication connector socket 9 with the transmitting terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler (or one of them is connected with the first infrared transceiver, and the second infrared transceiver is connected with communication connector socket 9); Another is directly connected with communications connector plug 8.Electronic switch 16 is connected in parallel with by-pass switch 17 and fly-wheel diode 23, then connects with the negative pole of photovoltaic module 5.Photovoltaic module 5 by power converting circuit for foregoing circuit and device provide power supply.
Printed circuit board (PCB) 3 and part of devices schematic diagram as shown in fig. 13 that.Photovoltaic module busbar 7 and bypass diode 15 are welded on printed circuit board (PCB) 3, and photovoltaic module cable 31 is welded on printed circuit board (PCB) 3 by metal terminal 11 of colding pressing.Printed circuit board (PCB) 3 is fixed on terminal box lower casing 1.
As shown in figure 14, the insulation reinforced structure figure of metal heat-conducting piece 13 and electronic devices and components.Printed circuit board (PCB) 3 and metal heat-conducting piece 13 are fixed on terminal box lower casing 1, and metal heat-conducting piece 13 is by insulation film 14 and high-power electronic component and printed circuit board (PCB) 3 firm grip.
The voltage sensor schematic diagram that resistance is as shown in figure 15 formed.Multiple resistance device 26 is connected and is connected to the two ends of sampled voltage, is obtained the sampled voltage signal mated with sample circuit by series resistance 26 dividing potential drop.
The isolation transceiving device circuit diagram that 2 photoelectrical couplers 32 are as shown in figure 16 formed.The transmitting terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler form transmitting-receiving port, and are connected with the telecommunication circuit of photovoltaic component terminal box inside; The receiving terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler and the transmitting terminal of the second photoelectrical coupler form isolation transmitting-receiving port, and are connected with adjacent photovoltaic assembly or external device (ED) by communications connector.
The isolation transmission circuit figure that Infrared transceiver is as shown in figure 17 formed.An infrared transmitting tube 35 and an infrared receiving tube 36 form a transmitting-receiving port 39, by infrared ray isolated communication between transmitting-receiving port 39.
Photovoltaic module and the group of 2 isolation transceiving devices are as shown in figure 18 gone here and there and communication with external apparatus connection layout.The isolation transceiving device 4 of photovoltaic module 5 is encapsulated in communications connector plug 8 and communication connector socket 9 respectively; Some pieces of photovoltaic modulies 5 are connected in series, wherein communications connector plug 8 is connected with the communication connector socket 9 of adjacent photovoltaic assembly by photovoltaic module 5, communications connector plug 8 or the communication connector socket 9 of organizing last block photovoltaic module in string are connected with the allocation of communications device 27 of external device (ED), with allocation of communications device isolated communication.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection range that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (12)
1. there is photovoltaic module and the terminal box of isolated communication function, it is characterized in that: comprise the terminal block housings, printed circuit board (PCB) (3), electronic devices and components, isolation transceiving device (4), communication connector socket (9), communications connector plug (8), telecommunication cable (10), photovoltaic module cable (31) and the photovoltaic module busbar (7) that are made up of terminal box upper casing (2) and terminal box lower casing (1); Described printed circuit board (PCB) (3) is fixed with terminal box lower casing (1) or terminal box upper casing (2); Described photovoltaic module cable (31) and photovoltaic module busbar (7) are connected with printed circuit board (PCB) (3) respectively; Described electronic devices and components are connected with printed circuit board (PCB) (3) respectively with described isolation transceiving device (4); The transmitting-receiving port (39) of described isolation transceiving device (4) and junction box telecommunication circuit A(37) be connected, isolation transmitting-receiving port (40) of isolation transceiving device (4) is connected with communication connector socket (9); Described communications connector plug (8) and junction box telecommunication circuit B(38) be connected; The communications connector plug (8) of photovoltaic module (5) is connected with the communication connector socket (9) of adjacent photovoltaic assembly, and some pieces of photovoltaic modulies (5) form photovoltaic array, and each photovoltaic module realizes mutually isolated communication by isolation transceiving device (4).
2. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described isolation transceiving device (4) is made up of the first photoelectrical coupler and the second photoelectrical coupler two photoelectrical couplers (32), the transmitting terminal (33) of the first photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal (34) of the second photoelectrical coupler are formed receives and dispatches port (39), and the transmitting terminal (33) of the second photoelectrical coupler and the receiving terminal (34) of the first photoelectrical coupler form to isolate receives and dispatches port (40).
3. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described isolation transceiving device (4) is made up of the first infrared transmitting tube and the first infrared receiving tube receives and dispatches port (39), the second infrared transmitting tube and the second infrared receiving tube form to isolate receives and dispatches port (40).
4. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described first infrared transmitting tube and the first infrared receiving tube and junction box telecommunication circuit A(37) be connected; Described second infrared transmitting tube and the second infrared receiving tube and junction box telecommunication circuit B(38) be connected; Described first infrared transmitting tube and the first infrared receiving tube and the second infrared transmitting tube and the second infrared receiving tube, be encapsulated in respectively in communication connector socket (9) and communications connector plug (8), or be encapsulated in respectively in terminal block housings.
5. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described communication connector socket (9) is fixed in terminal block housings, described communications connector plug (8) draws terminal block housings outside with telecommunication cable (10); Or described communication connector socket (9) and communications connector plug (8) are all fixed in terminal block housings; Or with telecommunication cable (10), communication connector socket (9) and communications connector plug (8) are drawn terminal block housings outside.
6. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described communications connector plug (8) or communication connector socket (9) are connected with the allocation of communications device (27) of external device (ED), and the allocation of communications device (27) of external device (ED) and photovoltaic module (5) are by external isolation transceiving device (24) or isolate transceiving device (4) and realize mutually isolated communication; Multiple allocation of communications device (27) parallel join is on communication bus (29) and power source bus (30); Communication bus (29) and power source bus (30) are connected with communication controler (28).
7. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described photovoltaic array, information is sent in next block photovoltaic module by first piece of photovoltaic module, the information package of self information with the lastblock photovoltaic module received down sends by next block photovoltaic module, the information received and self information are packed by last block photovoltaic module, are sent to external device (ED); Control information is sent to last block photovoltaic module in photovoltaic array by described external device (ED), and information sends, until be sent to first piece of photovoltaic module toward lastblock photovoltaic module by last block photovoltaic module.
8. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronic devices and components comprise current sensor (19), voltage sensor (18), temperature sensor (20), isolation transceiving device (4) and microprocessor (22); Described current sensor (19) is connected on the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module (5); Between the positive pole that described voltage sensor (18) is connected in parallel on photovoltaic module (5) and negative pole; Described microprocessor (22) gathers the signal of current sensor (19) and voltage sensor (18) and temperature sensor (20); Described microprocessor (22) is by isolation transceiving device (4) and adjacent photovoltaic assembly or communication with external apparatus.
9. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronic devices and components also comprise electronic switch (16) and by-pass switch (17); Described electronic switch (16) and by-pass switch (17) are connected in parallel, then are connected in series with the negative or positive electrode of photovoltaic module (5); Conducting controls, the preferential conducting of electronic switch (16), by-pass switch (17) delayed conducting; Turn off and control, by-pass switch (17) first disconnects, electronic switch (16) delayed shutoff.
10. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal box with isolated communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronic devices and components also comprise the multiple bypass diodes (15) being arranged on junction box; Voltage sensor for detecting the inner multiple solar battery group crosstalk pressure of photovoltaic module in parallel respectively between the negative electrode of described bypass diode (15) and the negative pole of photovoltaic module (5).
11. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal boxes with isolated communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described terminal box also comprises the metal heat-conducting piece (13) for large power consuming electronic components and parts heat radiation; The one side of described large power consuming electronic components and parts is welded and fixed with printed circuit board (PCB) (3), and another face and metal heat-conducting piece (13) fixedly mount; Described metal heat-conducting piece (13) protrudes terminal box upper casing (2) or lower casing (1), is exposed in external environment condition, or with the material of outside good heat conductivity.
12. a kind of photovoltaic module and terminal boxes with isolated communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transmitting-receiving port (39) of described isolation transceiving device (4) and junction box telecommunication circuit A(37) be connected, isolation transmitting-receiving port (40) of isolation transceiving device (4) is connected with communication connector socket (9); Communication connector socket (9) is connected with the telecommunication circuit of external device (ED) inside; The communication connector socket (9) of photovoltaic module is connected with the communications connector plug (8) of external device (ED), and photovoltaic module (5) realizes isolated communication with external device (ED) by isolating transceiving device (4).
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