CN105305644A - Long-distance wireless transmission device with controllable transmission range - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a long-distance wireless transmission device with a controllable transmission range, which comprises a transmission transmitting module, a wireless transmission efficiency enhancing and covering layer, and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module converts electric energy into an electromagnetic wave; the enhancing and covering layer effectively enhances coupling strength between the transmitting module and the receiving module through changing an electromagnetic wave near field distribution mode; and the receiving module receives the electromagnetic wave and converts the electromagnetic wave into the electric energy. The transmission transmitting module and the wireless transmission efficiency enhancing and covering layer can serve as infrastructures to be arranged along a traffic route below or near the road in a continuous, segmented or fixed point mode, and wireless transmission is provided for a long-distance static or dynamic object provided with the receiving module; and the device can also be used in a building, and wireless transmission is carried out on equipment in an effective range.

Description

A kind of long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range

Technical field

The present invention relates to wireless power transmission technical field, particularly relate to a kind of without the need to transmitting and receiving module impedance coupler, the long distance wireless power transmission device that can control power transmission range.

Background technology

In the last few years, wireless power transmission technology started to promote the use of on a lot of mobile power consumption equipment, especially electric automobile and electronic digital product etc.The wireless power transmission technology that current reality uses substantially all adopts the electromagnetic induction of closely solenoid or longer-distance magnetic coupling form to carry out wireless power transmission.The relative position of these technical requirement emitters and receiving system is fixed, once their relative position has skew, the efficiency of transmission of wireless power transmission will reduce very soon; And these wireless power transmission technology also cannot pass through shirtsleeve operation, regulate the locus of receiving system during maximum power transmission efficiency.Because their effective power transmission range is limited, its practicality is very limited, and is difficult to be applied in the wireless power transmission field of the mobile devices such as electric automobile.

How effectively to control electromagnetic wave propagation path and mode, be the key point solving wireless power transmission problem.The conversion medium theory (theoretical also referred to as transform optics) set up in recent years, brings new approaches for effectively manipulating electromagnetic wave propagation, and thereby is achieved the electromagnetic new technology of a lot of manipulation; And the theory of metamaterial and experimental study, then provide experiment basis for realizing these new technologies.Such as, Chinese patent CN102480152B just proposes a kind of radio transmitting device, and its concrete scheme is: convert electrical energy into electromagnetic wave by the second modular converter; Convert electromagnetic wave to plane wave by the second Meta Materials convergence module to launch; After transmitting a segment distance, plane wave is converged to reception antenna by the first Meta Materials convergence module; By the first modular converter to equipment charge.But, each step in this process, all may cause certain loss of energy, and what the first and second Meta Materials convergence modules must be right is very accurate, and slightly deviation just may cause declining to a great extent of efficiency of transmission, these character limit its range of application.

Summary of the invention

For above shortcomings in prior art, in order to obtain the wireless power transmission device with larger range of receiving, more high-transmission efficiency, the invention provides a kind of long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range.Long distance wireless power transmission device provided by the invention, the material parameter that setting wireless transfer efficiency strengthens integument can be carried out according to specific requirement, make receiver module in range transmission module in larger setting range arbitrarily at a distance, larger wireless transmission energy and very high efficiency of transmission can be obtained; Outside setting range, transmitting energy and efficiency of transmission then reduce fast.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

Control a long distance line power transmitting device for power transmission range, it is characterized in that, comprise transmitter module, receiver module and wireless power transmission efficiency and strengthen integument, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens the outside that integument is coated on transmitter module and/or receiver module; Wherein:

Described transmitter module is used for converting electric energy to electromagnetic wave;

Described receiver module is for receiving electromagnetic wave and converting electric energy to;

The material that described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument meets certain dielectric constant and magnetic permeability distribution, the electromagnetism border of wrapped transmitter module and/or receiver module can be amplified to desired location, and then change electromagnetic wave near field distribution pattern, improve the stiffness of coupling between transmitter module and receiver module.

Integument can be wrapped in separately on transmitter module or receiver module, also can be wrapped in two modules, depending on actual demand simultaneously.

Preferably, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument and is provided with hollow out position, and described hollow out position is used for fixed transmission module or receiver module.

Preferably, described wireless power transmission efficiency enhancing integument comprises at least one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer.

Preferably, every one deck strengthens wrapping unit layer all can adopt MULTILAYER COMPOSITE artificial micro-structure, and described MULTILAYER COMPOSITE artificial micro-structure adopts any one form following or appoints the combination of various ways:

-micro metal frame form;

-miniature lc circuit form.

Preferably, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument can adopt arbitrary shape structure, material dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of every one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer are all expressed by permittivity tensor and permeability tensor, and described permittivity tensor and permeability tensor are all satisfied:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, for the permittivity tensor of material, for the permeability tensor of material, Λ is the transformation matrix that wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument, Λ ^tfor its transposed matrix, the permittivity tensor of environment residing for material, the permeability tensor of environment residing for material, environment residing for material refers to the operational environment residing for final integument.As without external objects such as blindages, directly the dielectric constant of environment and magnetic permeability can be set to dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of vacuum, depending on actual conditions.

Preferably, the transformation matrix Λ of described wireless power transmission efficiency increase integument can be derived by universal transformation function T under cylindrical coordinate:

$\mathrm{\Λ}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{\∂T_r}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_r}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_r}{\∂z}\\ \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂z}\\ \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂z}\end{array}\right]$

Universal transformation function T is:

T(Ω ₁(r ₁，θ ₁，z ₁))＝Ω ₂(r ₂，θ ₂，z ₂)

Universal transformation function T is the function that zonal cooling is smooth, and this transforming function transformation function is used for a certain geometrical boundary Ω ₁(the electromagnetism border corresponding to wrapped module) transforms to Ω ₂(corresponding to the equivalent electric magnetics border after conversion), in above-mentioned formula, T _rrepresent the radial r component of transforming function transformation function, T _θrepresent θ durection component, T _zrepresent z durection component, r ₁, θ ₁, z ₁be respectively geometrical boundary Ω ₁cylindrical coordinate three coordinate variables, r ₂, θ ₂, z ₂be respectively geometrical boundary Ω ₂cylindrical coordinate three coordinate variables.

Preferably, material dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of every one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer can also be expressed by the permittivity component of material and magnetic permeability component, and described permittivity component and magnetic permeability component are drawn by layered approach:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{\θ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_A+{\mathrm{m\ϵ}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{\θ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_A+{\mathrm{m\μ}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, ε _rfor the radial r component of dielectric constant, μ _rfor the radial r component of magnetic permeability, ε _θfor the θ durection component of dielectric constant, μ _θfor magnetic permeability θ durection component, A and B is the two-layer uniform dielectric of the anisotropic medium formed for equivalent above-mentioned parameter, ε _aand μ _afor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of A layer, ε _band μ _bfor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of B layer, the Thickness Ratio of two-layer uniform dielectric A, B is d _bfor the thickness of B layer uniform dielectric, d _afor the thickness of A layer uniform dielectric.

The radial r component ε of described dielectric constant _r, magnetic permeability radial r component μ _r, dielectric constant θ durection component ε _θ, magnetic permeability θ durection component μ _θrespectively by formula $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\end{array}\right.$ Derive.

Preferably, described transmitter module is formed primarily of wire coil or power transmission cable; And/or

Described receiver module is formed primarily of wire coil or power transmission cable.

Described transmitting or receiver module, can be arranged in arbitrary shape by many cables and form on (the electromagnetism border forming geometry in particular).

Described transmitter module is one or more, multiple transmitter module can be arranged continuously, subsection setup or fixed point scattering device.

Described receiver module can be one or more, and described one or more receiver module can be placed directly on the device interior that need transmit electricity, and is transformed into electric energy after receiving the electromagnetic wave that transmitter module sends, and supply arrangement uses

Described wireless power transmission transmitter module, receiver module and wireless power transmission efficiency strengthen integument, three forms the long distance wireless power transmission device that can control power transmission range jointly, as long as meet the assembling conditions such as hollow out position size, the modules of device just can be changed, power transmitting device is reassembled into after replacement, different compound modes can meet different transmission of electricity demand, only needs modularized production in production, can assemble during application according to actual conditions.

Preferably, can relative movement between described transmitter module and receiver module.

The long distance line power transmitting device controlling power transmission range provided by the invention, according to required transmission range, design wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens the material parameter (dielectric constant and magnetic permeability) of integument.Strengthen integument in wireless power transmission efficiency and have ad-hoc location to place receiver module or transmitter module; Be embedded into wireless power transmission efficiency and strengthen the transmitter module after integument or receiver module, when they are distant and when moving in the setting regions that both distance sensitivity is not high, all can obtain larger wireless transmission energy and higher efficiency of transmission; Beyond setting regions, efficiency of transmission then sharply declines.

Transmitter module can be made up of simple coil or cable, and after On current, energy is launched with electromagnetic wave, and receiver module also can be made up of simple coil or power transmission line, for receiving electromagnetic wave energy and converting electric energy to, exports energy to load.According to actual needs, these modules also can adopt other can conversion of electromagnetic wave structure.

The material parameter that wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument can derive from conversion medium theory at first, and Main Function is the position making parcel electromagnetism boundary condition wherein directly be amplified to setting.Wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument has hollow out position to place transmitting or receiver module, the artificial Meta Materials that usual portion of material is negative index.

The material parameter of integument can be obtained by transformation matrix Λ.

$\mathrm{\Λ}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{\∂T_r}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_r}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_r}{\∂z}\\ \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂z}\\ \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂z}\end{array}\right]$

Wherein to be universal transformation function be T:

T(Ω ₁(r ₁，θ ₁，z ₁))＝Ω ₂(r ₂，θ ₂，z ₂)

Universal transformation function T is the function that zonal cooling is smooth, and this transforming function transformation function is used for a certain geometrical boundary Ω ₁(the electromagnetism border corresponding to wrapped module) transforms to Ω ₂(corresponding to the equivalent electric magnetics border after conversion), in above-mentioned formula, T _rrepresent the radial r component of transforming function transformation function, T _θrepresent θ durection component, T _zrepresent z durection component.

If adopt above-mentioned transforming function transformation function, the permittivity tensor of material and the distribution relation of permeability tensor are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\end{array}\right.$

In the specific implementation, both by changing above-mentioned transforming function transformation function T, the suitable artificial material parameter that other meet transform optics method can be obtained, by the setting of different transforming function transformation function, also can reduce difficulty prepared by material to a certain extent.Under normal circumstances, thus obtained material is Inhomogeneous Anisotropic material, needs to design corresponding artificial micro-structure to prepare.And the angle of difficulty is prepared from reduction material, the mode of hierarchical composite can be adopted to reduce manufacture difficulty further, above-mentioned non-uniform dielectric is replaced with a series of homogeneous dielectric layer, to reduce preparation difficulty.Finally, layered approach can also be adopted:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{\θ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_A+{\mathrm{m\ϵ}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{\θ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_A+{\mathrm{m\μ}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, ε _rfor the radial r component of dielectric constant, μ _rfor the radial r component of magnetic permeability, ε _θfor the θ durection component of dielectric constant, μ _θfor magnetic permeability θ durection component, A and B is the two-layer uniform dielectric of the anisotropic medium formed for equivalent above-mentioned parameter, ε _aand μ _afor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of A layer, δ _band μ _bfor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of B layer, the Thickness Ratio of two-layer uniform dielectric A, B is d _bfor the thickness of B layer uniform dielectric, d _afor the thickness of A layer uniform dielectric.

The radial r component ε of described dielectric constant _r, magnetic permeability radial r component μ _r, dielectric constant θ durection component ε _θ, magnetic permeability θ durection component μ _θrespectively by formula $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\end{array}\right.$ Derive.

By said method, available some layers of uniform dielectric equivalence goes out dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of material.

That is, anisotropic medium is gone out by some layers of uniform dielectric equivalence.Adjust according to the value of the dielectric constant of being derived by transforming function transformation function and magnetic permeability further, do further optimization to the material parameter of this uniform series layer, what the number of plies finally used was tried one's best lacks, and the Design & preparation of every layer material is more prone to.

When power frequency in transmission of electricity work is lower, the parameter request of material can be simplified further, namely only require that the magnetic permeability of material meets the value described in foregoing, and more requirements are not done to dielectric constant.

In the actual preparation of material, for concrete operating frequency, the artificial material of integument can be made up of the micro metal framework of engineer, or is made up of the miniature lc circuit etc. after a series of design, also can be combined by the two.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:

1, the present invention has operating distance far away, wireless power transmission distance can reach 5 meters even farther.

2, the present invention has larger working range, can reach about 2 meters even wider; Efficiency of transmission within working range is greater than 50%, and it is almost zero that the efficiency outside scope then drops sharply to; The relative position of transmitter module and receiver module, without the need to fixing, therefore has very large flexibility.

3, the requirement of the present invention to transmitter module and receiver module is simple, can be exactly even simple coil or power transmission cable.

4, the present invention can based on facility along traffic route continuously, segmentation or fixed point be arranged on road surface under or near roads, for long distance the moving target (driving vehicle on such as road) of receiver module or the static target wireless power transmission such as (such as street lamp public electricity-using system) is installed; Also can be used in building, to the equipment wireless power transmission in effective range.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By reading the detailed description done non-limiting example with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious:

Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view that the present invention can control a kind of embodiment (embodiment 1) of the long distance wireless power transmission device of power transmission range.

Fig. 2 is the generalized section of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 has only had transmitter module to wrap up to strengthen the another kind of embodiment (embodiment 2) of integument, and change when strengthening integument enlargement ratio, power transmission efficiency is with the curve of distance change.

When Fig. 4 strengthens integument for removing in example 2, power transmission efficiency is with the curve of distance change.

Fig. 5 is the analog result of embodiment in finite element software COMSOL of the embodiment of the present invention 2.

Distribution of Magnetic Field figure when Fig. 6 is the work of the embodiment of the present invention 2 embodiment.

Embodiment

Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated: this embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

This embodiment provides a kind of long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range, comprise transmitter module and receiver module, described transmitter module and/or receiver module outside are coated with wireless power transmission efficiency and strengthen integument, wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument and can be wrapped in separately on transmitter module or receiver module, also can be wrapped in two modules simultaneously; The wireless power transmission efficiency being wrapped in transmitter module or receiver module strengthens integument, the dielectric constant of its material and magnetic permeability meet certain distribution, can be explained by conversion medium theory analysis, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument can be amplified to desired location by the electromagnetism border being wrapped module, thus reaches the object improving wireless power transmission distance, efficiency, power and transmission range.

Wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument can be amplified to parcel any electromagnetism border wherein the position preset; Different shapes can be set according to the actual requirements, and utilize conversion medium theory calculate to go out concrete material parameter.

Further, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument can adopt arbitrary shape structure, and the material dielectric constant tensor sum permeability tensor that described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument is all satisfied:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}}^{\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\Λ}\·\stackrel{\↔}{\mathrm{\μ}}\·{\mathrm{\Λ}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\Λ}\right)}\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, for the permittivity tensor of material, for the permeability tensor of material, Λ is the transformation matrix that wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument, Λ ^tfor its transposed matrix, the permittivity tensor of environment residing for material, the permeability tensor of environment residing for material, environment residing for material refers to the operational environment residing for final integument.As without external objects such as blindages, directly the dielectric constant of environment and magnetic permeability can be set to dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of vacuum, depending on actual conditions.

Further, the transformation matrix of described wireless power transmission efficiency increase integument can be derived by universal transformation function T under cylindrical coordinate:

$\mathrm{\Λ}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{\∂T_r}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_r}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_r}{\∂z}\\ \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_{\mathrm{\θ}}}{\∂z}\\ \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂r}& \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}& \frac{\∂T_z}{\∂z}\end{array}\right]$

Universal transformation function is:

T(Ω ₁(r ₁，θ ₁，z ₁))＝Ω ₂(r ₂，θ ₂，z ₂)

Universal transformation function T is the function that zonal cooling is smooth, and this transforming function transformation function is used for a certain geometrical boundary Ω ₁(the electromagnetism border corresponding to wrapped module) transforms to Ω ₂(corresponding to the equivalent electric magnetics border after conversion), in above-mentioned formula, T _rrepresent the radial r component of transforming function transformation function, T _θrepresent θ durection component, T _zrepresent z durection component, r, θ, z are cylindrical coordinate three coordinate variables.

Further, described wireless power transmission efficiency increases the material parameter component expression that integument can also adopt layered approach to draw:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{\θ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_A+{\mathrm{m\ϵ}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{\θ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_A+{\mathrm{m\μ}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, ε _rfor the radial r component of dielectric constant, μ _rfor the radial r component of magnetic permeability, ε _θfor the θ durection component of dielectric constant, μ _θfor magnetic permeability θ durection component, A and B is the two-layer uniform dielectric of the anisotropic medium formed for equivalent above-mentioned parameter, ε _aand μ _afor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of A layer, ε _band μ _bfor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of B layer, the Thickness Ratio of two-layer uniform dielectric A, B is d _bfor the thickness of B layer, d _afor the thickness of A layer.

By said method, available some layers of uniform dielectric equivalence goes out dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of material.

Further, the present embodiment provides a kind of columniform enhancing integument (two embodiments below will use this integument exemplarily) and further illustrates, different according to the transforming function transformation function of material parameter, the present embodiment integument can be divided into two elementary layers, internal layer (r < r ₁) and outer (r ₁< r < r ₂) in material dielectric constant tensor sum permeability tensor, only have under cylindrical coordinate angular amount, thus dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are all satisfied:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r={\mathrm{\&mu;}}_r=\frac{f\left(r\right)}{r}\frac{1}{f^{\&prime;}\left(r\right)}\\ {\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}={\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{r}{f\left(r\right)}{f}^{\&prime;}\left(r\right)\\ {\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_z={\mathrm{\&mu;}}_z=\frac{f\left(r\right)}{r}{f}^{\&prime;}\left(r\right)\end{array};$

Wherein, ε _rfor the r durection component of dielectric constant, μ _rfor the r durection component of magnetic permeability, f (r) is the transforming function transformation function of column type wireless power transmission efficiency enhancing integument, the conversion of the present embodiment design only relates to the conversion in r direction, other components can be taked in reality also to participate in the form converted, r is radial coordinate under cylindrical coordinate (centered by cylindrical integument), f ' (r) for transforming function transformation function is to the derivative of r, ε _θfor the θ durection component of dielectric constant, μ _θfor the θ durection component of magnetic permeability, ε _zfor the z durection component of dielectric constant, μ _zfor the z durection component of magnetic permeability, the increase integument related in the example of this column type integument is divided into two-layer, r ₁for internal layer radius, r ₂outer radius.

This column type integument of the present embodiment only has r component at cylindrical coordinate down conversion function, represents the radial r durection component of transforming function transformation function with f (r), meets:

$f\left(r\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\&eta;}{r}_1+\frac{(r^m-{r_1}^m)({\mathrm{\&eta;r}}_1-r_2)}{{r_1}^m-{r_2}^m},(r_1<r<r_2)\\ \mathrm{\&eta;}r,(0<r<r_1)\end{array}\right.$

Here η represents the multiple that the position on internal electrical magnetics border and size can be amplified by integument, and its value is greater than the real number that 1, m is non-zero, for regulating material parameter to distribute, without direct physical meaning.The transforming function transformation function that function f (r) also can adopt other suitable according to the requirement of above-mentioned universal transformation formula T, makes derived material more easily prepare or meets other specific environments, being not limited to the variation that this example provides.

Wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument, can on the basis of conversion medium theory, adopts hierarchical composite method, and the homogeneous dielectric layer combination of multiple isotropism or the opposite sex being superimposed realizes.Also can adopt optimization method further, obtain the implementation that the required number of plies is less, make material be more prone to preparation.

Wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument, when power frequency in transmission of electricity work is lower, the parameter request of material can be simplified further, namely only require that the magnetic permeability of material meets the value described in foregoing, and more requirements are not done to dielectric constant, thus in actual manufacture, difficulty will further reduce.

Transmitter module and/or receiver module can be made up of wire coil or power transmission cable simply, do not need specific impedance matching between the two, just can launch or receive electromagnetic wave.Also can according to actual needs, adopt other can conversion of electromagnetic wave structure.

Transmitter module and receiver module, both positions can be carried out relative movement and not need to force to fix, because wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument effect, receiver module, in range transmission module certain limit, can obtain higher radio transmission efficiency and through-put power.

Wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument, can be cylindrical, square column type or other transmitter module or receiver module can be wrapped up the shape of entering, there is hollow out fixed position integument inside, for placing transmitter module or receiver module.

Transmitter module or receiver module, wrap up once employ wireless power transmission efficiency enhancing integument, it just should be fixed in integument, no longer allows to move freely in integument.After fixing, module and integument can together with move integrally.

Transmitter module, receiver module and enhancing integument, three forms the long distance wireless power transmission device that can control power transmission range jointly, and can improve or replace wherein a certain module as required, to reach the requirement adapting to different radio transmission of electricity demand.

Transmitter module and strengthen integument can pre-plugged under building or road surface, also can be arranged on around building or road surface; Described receiver module and strengthen integument and can be placed directly on the device interior that need transmit electricity, and electric energy is transformed into after receiving the electromagnetic wave that transmitter module sends, supply arrangement uses.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this embodiment is further described.

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 is a kind of perspective view of the long distance wireless power transmission device of the controlled power transmission range that the present embodiment provides, strengthen integument and adopt the cylindrical integument of above-mentioned one, material parameter is derived by above-mentioned transforming function transformation function f (r), the conducting line segment wrapping up this cylindrical enhancing integument represents transmitter module and receiver module respectively, wherein transmitter module and cylindrical enhancing integument thereof are embedded in again in cuboid blindage, expression can by continuous along traffic route for facility based on transmitter module and enhancing integument thereof, segmentation or fixed point be arranged on road surface under or near roads.If installed receiver module and strengthen integument in vehicle, when just can travel on road, wireless power transmission has been carried out to it always.Wherein transmitter module can broken-up laying, and the transmitter module strengthening integument (also can be erected at the concrete of surrounding etc. build in blindage or directly make somebody a mere figurehead) has been wrapped up in every laying spaced apart.

The most directly application is exactly the transmission of electricity problem solving trackless electric bus.There is the experimental trackless electric bus without the need to long-time connection cable at present, also very in-plant wireless charging module is had to be applied to trackless electric bus in experiment, but all require that pure electric bus has jumbo battery, and need to aim at charging module when charging, and could effectively charge under the long-time static position of vehicle, this will affect public transport operation time and efficiency.Utilize the transmission of electricity structure of the present embodiment, can make pure electric bus in running, by carrying out wireless power or charging along the wireless power transmission station running road erection, pure electric bus installs receiver module (also can wrap up and strengthen integument) additional to carry out being directly changed into electric energy, and therefore vehicle itself can without the need to equipping heavy high capacity cell; And adjust the distance and position insensitive, even comparable common rail of being powered by connection cable or the convenient freedom of trolley bus.Wireless power transmission station, once build up, also can be used for other equipment use of receiver module to be housed, for impedance matching without strict demand.

Fig. 2 is the profile of Fig. 1, and in figure, A, B represent the transmitter module and receiver module that are wrapped in efficiency enhancing integument respectively.Transmitter module can be consistent with the enhancing integument parameter of receiver module, also can regulate arbitrarily according to actual conditions, not necessarily have to be identical.1 for strengthening the interior elementary layer of integument, and 2 is the outer elementary layer strengthening integument, and material parameter can be derived by conversion medium theory and be done further optimization.3 for strengthening the wire that integument wraps, in the present embodiment, in order to carry out the conversion between electric current and electromagnetic wave; Here transmitter module and receiver module fairly simple, have limit for length's parallel wire to form by two.4 represent the electromagnetism border of receiving terminal wire after integument amplifies, and 5 represent the electromagnetism border of transmitter module after integument amplifies, and 4,5 only as the signal of geometric position, is not real object.C is blindage, and in actual conditions, transmitter module and receiver module can be placed in different blindage, and module and integument integrally can do relative movement, the position relationship not necessarily as shown in schematic diagram.

Embodiment 2

Fig. 3 is the curve chart that the present embodiment wireless power transmission efficiency obtained by numerical simulation calculation is changed with distance.This figure obtains in the long distance wireless power transmission device situation of the controlled power transmission range of following structure: the integument that Fig. 3 embodiment uses also is column type integument, also the f (r) in preceding solution is adopted to derive, be different from the embodiment 1 of front view, it only has outside transmitter module and has wrapped up enhancing integument, but outside receiver module, do not strengthen integument, blindage (material parameter of blindage adopts dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of vacuum in other words) is not set in addition yet.Wrapped up the physical dimension strengthening the transmitter module of integument or the cross section of receiver module and be all less than 1 meter, wire radius is less than 2cm.

When numerical simulation, the design parameter of employing is as follows: transmitter module adopts radius to be the copper conductor of 1cm, the center of circle 50cm of the integument of conductor spacing transmitter module, and the distance in transmitter module between two parallel wires is 10cm; The wire radius of receiver module is 2cm.Model under different amplification, above parameter is all consistent, the different distances only had in receiver module between two wires.Concrete numerical value is: distance 30cm when multiplication factor is 3, distance 50cm when multiplication factor is 5, distance 70cm when multiplication factor is 7, distance 80cm when multiplication factor is 8.

As apparent from Fig. 3 can, selection different enlargement ratio in, parcel transmitting terminal enhancing integument, the high region of efficiency of transmission really can be made to offset according to predetermined direction; Further, the effective width under different enlargement ratio is all larger.In the example in figure 3, the coverage with wireless power transmission peak efficiency can be generalized to 4 to 5 meters, and effective width can reach about 2 meters.If the preparation technology of artificial material strengthens further, larger enlargement ratio can be selected, namely wireless power transmission distance can be generalized to far away arbitrarily in theory.

Fig. 4 is as the comparison diagram of Fig. 3, and calculate embodiment that Fig. 3 investigates when removing the enhancing integument of transmitter module in transmitter module (two parallel cables) embodiment 2, wireless power transmission efficiency is with the curve chart of distance change.Can obviously find out, when other geometric parameters are identical, if without enhancing integument in embodiment 2, the radio transmission efficiency of transmitter module and receiver module will become extremely low.

Fig. 5 is the numerical simulation result of the embodiment 2 described in Fig. 3, and what provide in figure is the distribution map of electric field Z component (along wire direction) in x-y plane, obviously can find out that electric field is really enhanced integument and has passed to receiver module direction.

Fig. 6 is in embodiment 2 example, obtained by numerical simulation result, transmitter module and the magnetic line of force distribution map that strengthens near integument.Can find out the existence strengthening integument, really make the distribution of the magnetic line of force near transmitter module, be different from the magnetic line of force distribution of common parallel wire, the stiffness of coupling between transmitter module and receiver module obtains very large enhancing.

The long distance wireless power transmission device of above two kinds of controlled power transmission range that embodiment provides, comprises transmitter module, wireless transfer efficiency strengthens integument, receiver module.Transmitter module converts electric energy to electromagnetic wave; Wireless transfer efficiency strengthens integument by changing electromagnetic wave near field distribution pattern, effectively improves the stiffness of coupling between transmitter module and receiver module; Receiver module receives electromagnetic wave and converts electric energy to.Transmitter module in embodiment and strengthen integument can based on facility along traffic route continuously, segmentation or fixed point be arranged on road surface under or near roads, for long distance the moving target (driving vehicle on such as road) of receiver module or the static target wireless power transmission such as (such as street lamp public electricity-using system) is installed; Also can be used in building, to the equipment wireless power transmission in effective range.

Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. can control a long distance line power transmitting device for power transmission range, it is characterized in that, comprise transmitter module, receiver module and wireless power transmission efficiency and strengthen integument, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens the outside that integument is wrapped in transmitter module and/or receiver module; Wherein:

Described transmitter module is used for converting electric energy to electromagnetic wave;

Described receiver module is for receiving electromagnetic wave and converting electric energy to;

Described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability distribution that integument passes through material, the electromagnetism border of wrapped transmitter module and/or receiver module is amplified to desired location, and then change electromagnetic wave near field distribution pattern, improve the stiffness of coupling between transmitter module and receiver module.

2. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument and is provided with hollow out position, and described hollow out position is used for fixed transmission module or receiver module.

3. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument and comprises at least one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer;

Described wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument and adopts arbitrary shape structure, the material dielectric constant of every one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer and magnetic permeability pass through permittivity tensor and the permeability tensor expression of material, and the material dielectric constant tensor sum permeability tensor that every one deck strengthens wrapping unit layer is all satisfied:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\right)}\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, for the permittivity tensor of material, for the permeability tensor of material, Λ is the transformation matrix that wireless power transmission efficiency strengthens integument, Λ ^tfor its transposed matrix, the permittivity tensor of environment residing for material, the permeability tensor of environment residing for material, environment residing for material refers to the operational environment residing for final wireless power transmission efficiency integument;

The transformation matrix Λ that described wireless power transmission efficiency increases integument is derived by universal transformation function T under cylindrical coordinate:

$\mathrm{\&Lambda;}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{\&part;T_r}{\&part;r}& \frac{\&part;T_r}{\&part;\mathrm{\&theta;}}& \frac{\&part;T_r}{\&part;z}\\ \frac{\&part;T_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}{\&part;r}& \frac{\&part;T_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}{\&part;\mathrm{\&theta;}}& \frac{\&part;T_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}{\&part;z}\\ \frac{\&part;T_z}{\&part;r}& \frac{\&part;T_z}{\&part;\mathrm{\&theta;}}& \frac{\&part;T_z}{\&part;z}\end{array}\right]$

Universal transformation function T is:

T(Ω ₁(r ₁，θ ₁，z ₁))＝Ω ₂(r ₂，θ ₂，z ₂)

Universal transformation function T is the function that zonal cooling is smooth, for by a certain geometrical boundary Ω ₁transform to another geometrical boundary Ω ₂; Wherein, geometrical boundary Ω ₁corresponding to the electromagnetism border of wrapped module, geometrical boundary Ω ₂correspond to the equivalent electric magnetics border after conversion;

In above formula, T _rrepresent the radial r component of transforming function transformation function, T _θrepresent the θ durection component of transforming function transformation function, T _zrepresent the z durection component of transforming function transformation function; r ₁, θ ₁, z ₁be respectively geometrical boundary Ω ₁cylindrical coordinate three coordinate variables, r ₂, θ ₂, z ₂be respectively geometrical boundary Ω ₂cylindrical coordinate three coordinate variables.

4. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the material dielectric constant of every one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer and magnetic permeability are also by permittivity component and the expression of magnetic permeability component of material, material dielectric constant component and the magnetic permeability component of every one deck enhancing wrapping unit layer are drawn by layered approach, and described layered approach is specially:

At permittivity tensor and permeability tensor formula $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\right)}\\ {\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\&CenterDot;\stackrel{\&LeftRightArrow;}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}}^T}{\det \left(\mathrm{\&Lambda;}\right)}\end{array}\right.$ Basis on, derive:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_A+{\mathrm{m\&epsiv;}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_A+{\mathrm{m\&mu;}}_B}{1+m}\\ \frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_r}=\frac{1}{1+m}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_A}+\frac{m}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_B})\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, ε _rfor the radial r component of dielectric constant, μ _rfor the radial r component of magnetic permeability, ε _θfor the θ durection component of dielectric constant, μ _θfor magnetic permeability θ durection component, A and B is respectively the two-layer uniform dielectric of the anisotropic medium formed for effective dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, ε _aand μ _afor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of A layer, ε _band μ _bfor dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of B layer, the Thickness Ratio of two-layer uniform dielectric A, B is d _bfor the thickness of B layer uniform dielectric, d _afor the thickness of A layer uniform dielectric.

5. the long distance wireless power transmission device of the controlled power transmission range according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, the described long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range is when transmission current operating frequency is lower, and the material of employing is only required and met magnetic permeability formula.

6. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, every one deck strengthens wrapping unit layer and all adopts MULTILAYER COMPOSITE artificial micro-structure, described MULTILAYER COMPOSITE artificial micro-structure adopt following any one or appoint various ways:

-micro metal frame form;

-miniature lc circuit form.

7. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described transmitter module is formed primarily of wire coil or power transmission cable; And/or

Described receiver module is formed primarily of wire coil or power transmission cable.

8. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described transmitter module is one or more, multiple transmitter module can be arranged continuously, subsection setup or fixed point scattering device.

9. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described receiver module is at least one, receiver module described at least one is directly placed on the device interior or outside that need transmit electricity, and electric energy is transformed into after receiving the electromagnetic wave that transmitter module sends, supply arrangement uses.

10. the long distance wireless power transmission device controlling power transmission range according to claim 1, is characterized in that, can relative movement between described transmitter module and receiver module.