CN105305455A - Power factor correction circuit (PFC) - Google Patents
Power factor correction circuit (PFC) Download PDFInfo
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- CN105305455A CN105305455A CN201410301175.6A CN201410301175A CN105305455A CN 105305455 A CN105305455 A CN 105305455A CN 201410301175 A CN201410301175 A CN 201410301175A CN 105305455 A CN105305455 A CN 105305455A
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- power factor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power factor correction circuit (PFC). The power factor correction circuit comprises a main circuit and a drive circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises an inductance element, a first switch element and a diode; the inductance element comprises a primary winding; the primary winding is connected with the first switch element and the diode; when the first switch element is cut off, the primary winding releases stored energy through the diode; the inductance element also comprises a drive winding; and the drive circuit drives the first switch element according to an induced voltage signal generated by the drive winding, and controls the conduction time of the first switch element. A control chip of the PFC is replaced with a control line formed by a discrete component, so that the cost is reduced; meanwhile, the PFC circuit scheme is wide in application; and the power factor correction circuit not only can be applied to a boost-up circuit, but also can be applied to a step-down circuit and a plurality of boost-buck non-isolated circuit topologies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit, especially relate to a kind of circuit of power factor correction.
Background technology
In order to control the humorous wave interference of Electrical and Electronic equipment to power supply grid, many countries and regions have all been formulated and have been controlled the limitation standard that particular device launches harmonic current, as IEC61000-3-2, and GB GB17625 etc.In order to meet the regulation of these regulations, many power supplys, particularly Switching Power Supply, when meeting certain condition, as for illumination, be greater than 25W in input active power, all can add APFC, realize line current and follow line change in voltage, within line current higher harmonic content is reduced to standard limited range.
Fig. 1 is the switch power supply system block diagram with circuit of power factor correction conventional at present.In Fig. 1, switch power supply system comprises, insurance EMI filter unit, rectifier bridge, differential mode filtering and power factor correction (PFC) main circuit.Insurance EMI filter unit is connected with civil power input, is insuring in EMI filter unit, the Main Function of insurance be avoid subsequent conditioning circuit be short-circuited fault time affect electrical network and normally work, avoid subsequent conditioning circuit to have an accident simultaneously; EMI filtering is anti-lightning surge and elimination differential mode and common mode electromagnetic interference mainly.Rectifier bridge is made up of four high-voltage diodes usually, and input exchange signal is converted into direct current signal.Differential mode filtering then carries out filtering the high frequency differential mode signal of Switching Power Supply below further, suppresses the harmonic effects to electrical network.PFC main circuit, after differential mode filtering, is used for realizing input current and follows input voltage change, control output voltage Vo simultaneously, and provide certain power to load.
PFC main circuit can apply multiple circuit topological structure, and as booster circuit, reduction voltage circuit, step-up/step-down circuit, circuit of reversed excitation, half-bridge circuit and full-bridge circuit etc., circuit topology is selected according to different capacity and input-output characteristic.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of booster circuit, comprises input inductance L, the first switch element S, output diode D and output filter capacitor C.First switch element S can be pliotron, also can be field effect transistor, general work state be divided into cut-off and saturation conduction, and the first switch element S is in high frequency when normal work, high frequency switches cut-off and saturation conduction two states: when switch S saturation conduction, the energy storage of input inductance L; When switch S disconnects, inductance L is released energy to output by diode D.High frequency output electric current, after filtering after electric capacity C, provides low ripple DC signal output.
But existing circuit of power factor correction PFC generally uses the circuit mode of the additional field effect transistor of control chip to realize, and cost compare is high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of circuit of power factor correction of low cost, while realizing Harmonics of Input control, limits output voltage range.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of circuit of power factor correction, comprising: main circuit and drive circuit, described main circuit comprises an inductance element, first switch element, and a diode; Described inductance element comprises a main winding, and described main winding is connected with described first switch element and described diode, and when the first switch element turns off, described main winding is by described diode release energy storage; It is characterized in that, described inductance element also comprises one and drives winding, and the induced voltage signal that described drive circuit produces according to described driving winding drives described first switch element, and controls the ON time of described first switch element.
Preferably, circuit of power factor correction also comprises a control circuit and a second switch element, and described second switch element is connected with the control end of described first switch element, and described control circuit controls the ON time of described second switch element.
Preferably, control circuit comprises an output feedack circuit, described output feedack circuit is connected with the output of described main circuit, when the output voltage of described main circuit is greater than predetermined threshold value, and the second switch element conductive time described in described output feedack control circui.
Preferably, described output feedack circuit is resistor voltage divider circuit or optical coupling isolation circuit.
Preferably, circuit of power factor correction also comprises an impedance component, described impedance component and described first switch elements in series, and the electric current according to flowing through described first switch element generates feedback voltage.
Preferably, above-mentioned control circuit comprises a compensating circuit, and described compensating circuit controls the ON time of described second switch element according to the induced voltage of described driving winding and the superposition value of described feedback voltage.
Preferably, described impedance component is resistance or Current Mutual Inductance circuit.
Preferably, above-mentioned circuit of power factor correction also comprises an electric capacity, described electric capacity and described driving windings in series.
The main circuit of above-mentioned circuit of power factor correction is booster circuit or reduction voltage circuit or is elevated circuit.
Compared with prior art, circuit of power factor correction of the present invention have employed the mode that discrete component forms the additional switch of control circuit, compares, reduce cost with use PFC control chip mode.The scope of this technical scheme application is simultaneously relatively wider, not only can be applied in booster circuit, but also can be applied in the circuit topology of the multiple non-isolated such as reduction voltage circuit and buck.
According to below with reference to the accompanying drawing description of this invention, other targets of the present invention and effectiveness will become apparent, and reader can fully understand the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Switching Power Supply structural representation of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of booster circuit;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment one of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a kind of execution mode of the control circuit of the embodiment two of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of execution mode of the control circuit of the embodiment two of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of execution mode of the control circuit of the embodiment two of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment three of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment four of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention.
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing, same reference numerals identical, the similar or corresponding element of instruction or function.
Embodiment
Hereafter describe specific embodiments of the invention with reference to graphic in detail by embodiment.
Embodiment one:
See Fig. 3, this figure is the schematic diagram of the embodiment one of circuit of power factor correction of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, circuit of power factor correction (pfc circuit) 30 comprises the part that in main circuit 300(Fig. 3, dotted line frame surrounds) and drive circuit 301.Wherein main circuit 300 comprises, inductance component L, the first switch element S and diode D.Inductance component L comprises main winding L1 and drives winding L 2.Main winding L1 connects with the first switch element S, and diode D is connected on the tie point of main winding L1 and the first switch element S.Also comprise impedance component R in the circuit of power factor correction 30 of Fig. 3, impedance component R is connected on below the first switch element S.Input voltage vin is added in the circuit two ends of main winding L1, the first switch element S and impedance component R series connection.What main circuit 300 adopted is booster circuit, but is also to adopt step-down and step-up/step-down circuit.In Fig. 3, inductance component L is an inductance, by increasing a winding as driving winding L 2 on inductance, this driving winding L 2 is connected with drive circuit 301, drives the induced voltage at winding L 2 two ends to be controlled the ON time of the first switch element S by drive circuit 301.Stain in Fig. 3 is two winding L 1 of inductance component L, the Same Name of Ends of L2, and Same Name of Ends lays respectively at relative one end of two winding L 1, L2.In embodiment one, this driving winding L 2 one end ground connection, the other end is connected to the control end of the first switch element S by drive circuit 301, and now driving voltage equals the induced voltage driving winding.First switch element S can be pliotron or field effect transistor, if the first switch element S is pliotron, then control end is base stage; If the first switch element S is field effect transistor, then control end is gate pole.Drive circuit 301 can be the combination of resistance, electric capacity or resistance and electric capacity, and drive circuit 301 can affect the voltage current waveform being added in the first switch element S control end, thus controls the ON time of the first switch element S.The impedance component R connected below first switch element S can be resistance, or Current Mutual Inductance circuit, this impedance component R mainly feedback flow through the current signal of the first switch element S, for effects such as overcurrent protection or auxiliary first switch element S shutoffs.When after the first switch element S saturation conduction, winding L 2 Same Name of Ends is driven just to be, the first switch element S control end signal is provided by meeting impedance component R under drive circuit 301 and the first switch element S, and determine the first switch element S ON time, within this time, the main winding L1 electric current of inductance component L linearly rises; After the first switch element S disconnects, the main winding L1 of inductance component L is released energy to output by diode D, after filtering after electric capacity C, low ripple DC signal output is provided, the electric current of inductance component L linearly declines, and drives winding L 2 Same Name of Ends to be negative, only has after the electric current of inductance component L drops to zero, drive winding L 2 to reset, drive circuit 301 provides the conducting again of activated with energy switch S.By above-mentioned pfc circuit, achieve input current and follow input voltage change, control electric current higher harmonic content, limit output voltage range simultaneously.
Embodiment two
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the embodiment two of circuit of power factor correction 40,50,60 of the present invention is described.
The circuit of power factor correction 40 of embodiment two, compared with embodiment one, adds the part of dotted line in a control circuit 400(Fig. 6), and a second switch element S1.Described second switch element S1 is connected with the control end of described first switch element S, and control circuit 400 controls the ON time of second switch element S1.
Fig. 4 shows the circuit diagram of the control circuit 400 1 kinds of execution modes meeting pfc circuit 40 of the present invention.See Fig. 4, control circuit is an output feedack circuit 402, and output feedack circuit 402 is connected with the output of pfc circuit 40.This output comprises a diode D and filter capacitor C, and output feedack circuit 402 is connected with diode D.Between the control end that second switch element S1 is connected to the first switch element S and ground, second switch element S1 can be triode or field effect transistor, and the control end of second switch element S1 is then controlled by output feedack circuit 402.Output feedack circuit 402 can realize with resistor voltage divider circuit, or carries out the realization of isolation feedback by optical coupling isolation circuit.When the output voltage of circuit of power factor correction 40 exceed preset threshold value time, second switch element S1 conducting, drags down the control signal of the first switch element S, and the first switching element switch S is turned off; When output voltage is lower than setting threshold, second switch element S1 disconnects, and does not affect the control end voltage of the first switch element S.Like this, output feedack circuit 402 and second switch element S1 realize the function of an output over-voltage protection.While realizing Harmonics of Input control, limit output voltage range, avoid bringing adverse effect to subsequent conditioning circuit design, even damage device.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the another kind of execution mode of the control circuit meeting pfc circuit 50 of the present invention in embodiment two
In Fig. 5, control circuit is a compensating circuit 503, and the effect of compensating circuit 503 realizes input feedfoward control.When input voltage raises, suitably reduce the ON time of the first switch element S, such that output voltage can not too fast change be large because of the rising of input voltage.Compensating circuit 503 needs the current signal gathering driving winding L 2 Same Name of Ends voltage and the first switch element S as feedback.Drive winding L 2 Same Name of Ends voltage proportional in input voltage, come, this is because be added in the voltage input voltage just of the main winding L1 of inductance component L when the first switch element S conducting through the conversion of certain turn ratio by input voltage.And after the current signal flowing through the first switch element S carries out impedance transformation by impedance component R, become feedback voltage signal and be superimposed upon compensating circuit.Drive winding L 2 Same Name of Ends signal and above-mentioned feedback voltage by linear superposition or Nonlinear Superposition, second switch element S1 conducting is made after arriving predetermined threshold value, thus turn off the first switch element S, so just can realize inputting feedfoward control, predetermined threshold can be set to 1V to 5V, in embodiment four, predetermined threshold is set to 5V.By compensating circuit 503, utilize the ON time controlling second switch element S1, control the shutoff ON time of the first switch element S.While realizing Harmonics of Input control, limit output voltage range.
In addition, the control circuit 400 meeting pfc circuit 40 of the present invention also can comprise output feedack circuit 402 and compensating circuit 503 simultaneously, as shown in Figure 6.Control circuit 400 realizes the control to second switch element S1 ON time by output feedack circuit or compensating circuit.
In above embodiment, can above driving winding L 2, or driving a series connection electric capacity C1 below winding L 2, drive between winding L 2 and ground if C1 is placed on, can also as an auxiliary power supply effect in circuit.Increase series capacitance C1, total driving voltage can be raised, because driving voltage equals to drive voltage sum above winding L 2 voltage and electric capacity C1, raise driving voltage and can guarantee that the first switch element S can correct conducting after inductive current zero passage, particularly input voltage and output voltage relatively time.Meanwhile, the voltage above electric capacity C1 also participates in inside compensating circuit 503, can Optimization Compensation characteristic, and output voltage stability is improved.
Embodiment three
See Fig. 7, this figure is the schematic diagram of circuit of power factor correction 70 embodiment three of the present invention
With reference to Fig. 7, circuit of power factor correction comprises main circuit, drive circuit, compensating circuit and output feedack circuit, second switch element S1, and wherein main circuit comprises inductance component L, the first switch element S, diode D, inductance component L comprises main winding L1 and drives winding L 2; Drive circuit is by driving resistance Rd, driving electric capacity Cd to be in series; Compensating circuit 503 is made up of resistance Rc1, Rc2, electric capacity Cc, diode Dc1 and voltage-stabiliser tube Vz1; Output feedack circuit comprises resistance Ro1, Ro2, diode Dc2 and voltage-stabiliser tube Vz2.First switch element S adopts pliotron, and series resistance Rs ground connection below pliotron S, Rs plays electric current sampling action.Electric current is connected to the base stage of S through resistance Rstart from output, drive winding L 2 to be coupled with inductance L, and one end is by electric capacity C1 ground connection, and one end is connected to the base stage of S through the resistance Rd and driving electric capacity Cd that overdrives in addition; Diode D1 and D2 plays reverse afterflow when switch S disconnects; Second switch element S1 is small-signal triode, for turning off the first switch element S.The control signal of second switch element S1 is from two aspects, one is drive the voltage of the driving voltage of winding induction above resistance Rc1 and sampling resistor Rs through the superposed signal of electric capacity Cc and resistance Rc2, another one be output voltage through resistance Ro1 and resistance Ro2 dividing potential drop feedback signal, these two signals are added to the base stage of second switch element S1 respectively by diode Dc1 and voltage-stabiliser tube Vz1 and diode Dc2 and voltage-stabiliser tube Vz2.
Concrete operation principle is as follows: the startup of pfc circuit is realized by resistance Rstart, after powering on, output voltage provides base current to the first switch element S through Rstart, when after the first switch element S conducting, input voltage is added to above inductance L, according to Same Name of Ends, winding L 2 is driven to induce just lower negative voltage above, by resistance Rd and electric capacity Cd, the conducting of further reinforcement first switch element S, make the first switch element S saturated rapidly, the electric current of inductance L linearly rises, and produces the linear voltage signal risen on resistance Rs.The shutoff of the first switch element S is subject to the impact of several aspect below: decline gradually after 1) driving a current through resistance Rd and electric capacity Cd, simultaneously because the voltage linear above resistance Rs rises, finally make inflow first switch element S base current reverse, after extraction base stage crosses multi-charge, the first switch element S enters off-phases; 2) voltage of driving voltage above overvoltage Rc1 and resistance Rs superposes through Cc and Rc2, after exceeding voltage-stabiliser tube Vz1 and diode Dc1 conduction voltage drop, second switch element S1 base stage is made to start conducting, by the collector electrode shunting injection first switch element S base charge of second switch element S1, the shutoff of acceleration switch first switch element S, this is also the result of input voltage feed forward control effect; 3) output voltage is after resistance Ro1 and resistance Ro2 dividing potential drop, if exceed voltage-stabiliser tube Vz2 and diode Dc2 conduction voltage drop, also second switch element S1 base stage can be made to start conducting, and finally make the first switch element S turn off, this shutoff effect mainly limits maximum output voltage.Have no progeny when the first switch element S closes, the electric current of inductance component L linearly declines, the voltage be added in above inductance component L is that output voltage deducts input voltage, drive winding L 2 sense negative under just, now electric capacity Cd and C1 is resetted by diode D1 and D2. etc. after inductance component L electric current drops to zero, now drive winding L 2 both end voltage also to drop to zero, driving voltage equals the voltage above electric capacity C1, triggers the first switch element S restart by resistance Rd and electric capacity Cd.Above pfc circuit, while realizing Harmonics of Input control, also limits output voltage range.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the main circuit of circuit of power factor correction adopts the topological structure of booster circuit, and main circuit can also be extended to reduction voltage circuit and step-up/step-down circuit.
Embodiment four
See the circuit diagram that Fig. 8, Fig. 8 are circuit of power factor correction embodiments four of the present invention.In the present embodiment, circuit of power factor correction comprise a main circuit 800 and drive back 801. wherein main circuit be a step-up/step-down circuit be made up of the first switch element S, inductance component L and diode D.The driving winding L 2(unlabelled of inductance component L) ON time of the first switch element S is controlled by drive circuit 801.
Above-described embodiment is exemplary, and does not wish that they limit technical method of the present invention.Although describe the present invention in detail with reference to preferred embodiment; but be understood by those skilled in the art that; can revise when not departing from spirit and the category of the technology of the present invention method or equivalent replacement technical method of the present invention, these revise and are equal to the protection category that replacement also belongs to claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a circuit of power factor correction, comprise main circuit (300) and drive circuit (301,401,501,601,801), described main circuit comprises an inductance element (L), first switch element (S), and a diode (D); Described inductance element (L) comprises a main winding (L1), described main winding (L1) is connected with described first switch element (S) and described diode (D), when the first switch element (S) turns off, described main winding (L1) discharges energy storage by described diode (D); It is characterized in that, described inductance element also comprises one and drives winding (L2), the induced voltage signal that described drive circuit (301,401,501,601,801) produces according to described driving winding (L2) drives described first switch element (S), and controls the ON time of described first switch element (S).
2. circuit of power factor correction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise a control circuit (400) and a second switch element (S1), described second switch element (S1) is connected with the control end of described first switch element (S), and described control circuit (400) controls the ON time of described second switch element (S1).
3. circuit of power factor correction according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises an output feedack circuit (402), described output feedack circuit is connected with the output of described main circuit (300), when the output voltage of described main circuit is greater than predetermined threshold value, described output feedack circuit (402) controls described second switch element (S1) ON time.
4. circuit of power factor correction according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described output feedack circuit (402) is resistor voltage divider circuit or optical coupling isolation circuit.
5. circuit of power factor correction according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise an impedance component (R), described impedance component (R) is connected with described first switch element (S), and the electric current according to flowing through described first switch element (S) generates feedback voltage.
6. circuit of power factor correction according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises a compensating circuit (503), and described compensating circuit (503) controls the ON time of described second switch element (S1) according to the described induced voltage of driving winding (L2) and the superposition value of described feedback voltage.
7. circuit of power factor correction according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described impedance component is resistance or Current Mutual Inductance circuit.
8., according to the arbitrary described circuit of power factor correction of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, also comprise an electric capacity (C1), described electric capacity (C1) is connected with described driving winding (L2).
9. according to the arbitrary described circuit of power factor correction of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described main circuit is booster circuit or reduction voltage circuit or is elevated circuit.
10., according to the arbitrary described circuit of power factor correction of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described first switch element (S) and/or second switch element (S1) are triode or field effect transistor.
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| CN201410301175.6A CN105305455B (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | A kind of circuit of power factor correction |
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| CN201410301175.6A CN105305455B (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | A kind of circuit of power factor correction |
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| CN105305455A true CN105305455A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105305455B CN105305455B (en) | 2019-11-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111953199A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-17 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | PFC converter, feedforward control method and device thereof and air conditioner |
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