CN105305054B - The bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback - Google Patents
The bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback Download PDFInfo
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- CN105305054B CN105305054B CN201510828858.1A CN201510828858A CN105305054B CN 105305054 B CN105305054 B CN 105305054B CN 201510828858 A CN201510828858 A CN 201510828858A CN 105305054 B CN105305054 B CN 105305054B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bielliptic(al) of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback to combine monopole antenna, and it is made up of medium substrate, the bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit, gradual change type co-planar waveguide, hierarchic structure floor and the external coaxial fitting that are printed on medium substrate homonymy.Bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit is that long and short shaft length is different and axle is than being all that 1.25 two semiellipses up and down form along major axis Symmetric Composite, low-frequency cut-off frequency can be reduced using the structure, increase low frequency effective current path length, a circular hole will be opened among radiating element, bandwidth match is adjusted, it is fed by way of gradual change type co-planar waveguide, reduce radiation loss, input impedance is adjusted, floor uses hierarchic structure, forms multi-resonant, broadband and good omni-directional radiation characteristic.This antenna have the characteristics that broadband, miniaturization, it is simple in construction, easy to process, be easy to conformal, effective bandwidth of operation is 2.4~12.6GHz, and radiation characteristic is stable, suitable for closely broadband communications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna of wireless communication technology field, pair of particularly a kind of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback
Ellipse combination monopole antenna, suitable for closely broadband communications.
Background technology
With the fast development of the wireless communication technologys such as 3G, WLAN, UWB, system channel capacity is continuously increased, information transfer
Speed improves constantly, it is desirable to which the antenna in wireless communication system must possess broadband character.In the recent period, it is new that some are disclosed both at home and abroad
The printed monopole antenna of type, not only reduce the volume of antenna but also expanded the scope of application.It was verified that disk, it is square,
Pentagon, hexagon monopole have wider working band, but because ground level is vertical with radiating element, form non-planar junction
Structure, it is impossible to integrated with printed circuit, limit its application.Spiral, dextrorotation, ellipse and improved circle, half
The monopole antenna of ellipse has different degrees of broadband character, and rectangular patch is cut into a part, its first half is changed
Into butterfly structure, improve the matching between feeder line and gap, the bandwidth of antenna reaches 113%, circular patch is made into feed, uses
The printed antenna of coplanar wave guide feedback, standing-wave ratio bandwidth can be increased to 145%, if substituting circular feed, energy with ellipse
The bandwidth of antenna is enough set further to increase to more than 173% (1.3~20GHz).Microstrip antenna has in light weight, small volume, added
Work cost is low, the advantages that easily being integrated with active device, but the lobe width of microstrip antenna is narrower, limits it and is applied to broadband
The scope of antenna.The design of all channel antenna should select the antenna structure and feeding network with broadband character, co-planar waveguide this
Kind of feeding classification has been widely used, and the antenna of coplanar wave guide feedback has wider bandwidth and relatively low compared with microstrip antenna
Radiation loss, there are good dispersion characteristics, it is possible to increase antenna efficiency, because radiant body, feed conduction band and floor are in medium
The homonymy of substrate, so easy to process.Research shows, using the oval radiation patch antenna of coplanar wave guide feedback, opposite band
Wide reachable 131.44%, frequency coverage 2.85GHz~14.36GHz, fluting can realize trap function on paster, pass through increasing
Add matching minor matters that antenna impedance bandwidth can be made to reach 221%.The low cut-off frequency of all channel antenna is by effective electricity during low frequency
What stream electrical path length determined, some rectangular channels or the method using point shape, energy are opened on polygon, rectangle fins or on floor
Enough increase efficient circuit path length, reduce low-frequency cut-off frequency, so as to widening frequency band.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of small volume, gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback simple in construction, easy to process
Bielliptic(al) combines monopole antenna, and its radiation characteristic is stable, and return loss is relatively low, has wider impedance bandwidth and well complete
To radiation characteristic.
The technical scheme is that a kind of bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback, by being situated between
Matter substrate, the bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit (1) for being printed on medium substrate homonymy, gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2), hierarchic structure
Plate (3) and external coaxial fitting (4) are formed, and bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit (1) is that long and short shaft length is different and axle ratio is all
1.25 two semiellipses up and down form along major axis Symmetric Composite, and radiating element uses two various sizes of semiellipse groups up and down
Structure is closed, reduces low-frequency cut-off frequency, increases low frequency effective current path length, a circular hole will be opened among radiating element, is adjusted
Bandwidth match, it is fed by way of gradual change type co-planar waveguide, reduce radiation loss, adjust input impedance, it is coplanar
The lower end of waveguide is connected with coaxial fitting (4) inner wire, and so as to external coaxial line, floor uses hierarchic structure, formed multi-resonant,
Broadband and good omni-directional radiation characteristic, it is provided with necessarily between hierarchic structure floor (3) and gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2)
Gap, feed is used as by gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2) gap is encouraged, be equivalent to a matching network, reach good
Impedance matching.
Effect of the invention is that：This antenna have broadband, miniaturization, it is simple in construction, easy to process, be easy to conformal etc.
Feature, by adjusting semiellipse major axis, short axle, Circularhole diameter, floor hierarchic structure size up and down, coupling bandwidth is adjusted, is utilized
Gradual change type co-planar waveguide encourages as feed to gap, can obtain wider impedance bandwidth, reduces radiation loss, improves
The integrated level of antenna.The antenna has broadband character, and effective bandwidth of operation covers 2.4~12.6GHz, had in working frequency range
There are good omnidirectional radiation characteristic, gain stabilization, suitable for low coverage wideband wireless communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present example.
Fig. 2 is invention example reflectance factor S11With parameter r1、r3Change curve.
Fig. 3 present example reflectance factors S11With parameter r2Change curve.
Fig. 4 present examples actual measurement reflectance factor S11Curve is compared with simulation result.
Fig. 5 be present example frequency be 4.6,12.6,18.1GHz when E faces gain pattern.
Fig. 6 be present example frequency be 4.6,12.6,18.1GHz when H side gains directional diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention embodiment be：As shown in figure 1, a kind of bielliptic(al) combination of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback is single
Pole sub-antenna, by medium substrate, it is printed on bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit (1), the gradual change type co-planar waveguide of medium substrate homonymy
(2), hierarchic structure floor (3) and external coaxial fitting (4) are formed.Bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit (1) is long and short shaft length
For different and axle than being all that 1.25 two semiellipses up and down form along major axis Symmetric Composite, radiating element uses two differences up and down
The semiellipse combining structure of size, low-frequency cut-off frequency is reduced, increase low frequency effective current path length, among radiating element
A circular hole is opened, changes metal surface current direction, bandwidth standing internal wave ratio effectively needed for reduction, Antenna Operation bandwidth is improved, passes through
The mode of gradual change type co-planar waveguide is fed to it, reduces radiation loss, adjusts input impedance, the lower end of co-planar waveguide with it is same
Shaft coupling (4) inner wire is connected, and so as to external coaxial line, floor uses hierarchic structure, equivalent to one distributed matcher network,
Form multi-resonant, broadband and good omni-directional radiation characteristic, hierarchic structure floor (3) and gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2) it
Between be provided with certain gap, be used as feed by gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2) encourages to gap, is equivalent to a pair net
Network, reach good impedance matching.
Medium substrate selects permittivity εr=2.55 F4B-2 types, thickness h=0.2mm, dielectric loss 0.001.It is situated between
Matter substrate l=40mm, wide w=40mm.
Co-planar waveguide relative to microstrip line, have dispersion is low, radiation loss is small, easily with other component strings and connect,
The advantages that integrated level is high.Conduction band terminal is open circuit in gradual change type co-planar waveguide, gap is encouraged as feed, the knot in gap
Structure is equivalent to a matching network, and the impedance operator of gradual change type co-planar waveguide is by dielectric substrate thickness h, relative dielectric constant εr,
The length l of gradual change type co-planar waveguide conduction band2, width w1、w2, the parameter such as the gap length g between conduction band and hierarchic structure floor is total to
With decision, l is adjusted2、w1、w2, g, it is possible to achieve good impedance matching.The calculation formula of gradual change type co-planar waveguide impedance operator
It is as follows：
Wherein εeffFor the relative efficiency dielectric constant of gradual change type co-planar waveguide, it is expressed as：
Wherein
To realize 50 ohm of impedance matching, l2Initial value be 17.5mm, be computed conduction band width w1=2.5mm, w2=
3.5mm, gap length g=0.2mm.
The calculation formula of the size on hierarchic structure floor is：
Wherein εrRepresent the relative dielectric constant of medium substrate, εeRepresent effective dielectric constant, f0In the work for representing antenna
Frequency of heart, εrWith εeBetween relation determined by following formula：
Based on the design of above-mentioned antenna, centre frequency f0=12.5GHz, c=3.3mm, d=are calculated by above formula
4.9mm。
Design is optimized using HFSS simulation softwares, draws the initial configuration size of antenna：r1=8mm, r2=5mm, r3
=11mm, l1=7.4mm, l2=17.5mm, c=3.3mm, d=4.9mm, w1=2.5mm, w2=3.5mm, g=0.2mm, such as
Shown in Fig. 1.
Antenna performance is analyzed using HFSS simulation softwares, to semiellipse semi-minor axis r under major parameter1,
With aperture r2, upside of ellipse semi-minor axis r3Analyzed, improve impedance matching by adjusting these parameters.
To upper and lower semiellipse semi-minor axis r3、r1Analyzed, r1、r3Take the return loss S obtained during different values11Curve
As shown in Figure 2.It can be seen that upper and lower semiellipse semi-minor axis r3、r1Resonance point and impedance matching to antenna produce certain
Influence, select suitable semiellipse semi-minor axis r up and down3、r1It is sized to obtain good impedance matching and bandwidth, adjusts r1、
r3The cut-off frequency of antenna low-frequency range can be reduced, improves the stationary wave characteristic of low-frequency range, increases low frequency effective current path length.
Work as r1=7mm, r3The matching of antenna is optimal during=12mm, S11≤ -10dB impedance bandwidth covers 2.8GHz~21.6GHz, humorous
Shake a little at 12.4GHz, on the right side of slightly off-center frequency 12.2GHz.
To matching aperture r2Analyzed, r2Take the return loss S obtained during different values11Curve is as shown in Figure 3.From figure
In as can be seen that on bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit suitable position open a circular hole, thus it is possible to vary radiating element surface current
Direction, optimize resonant frequency and the impedance matching of antenna, bandwidth standing internal wave ratio effectively needed for reduction, improve antenna operating bands
It is wide.With r2Increase, S11Depth is constantly deepened, and level of impedance match is become better and better, and resonance point is also with r2Increase and from a left side
Certain deviation occurs to the right.Work as r2During=5.5mm, good impedance matching and bandwidth can be obtained, resonance point is located at center frequency
At rate 12.2GHz, S11≤ -10dB impedance bandwidth covering 2.4GHz~22GHz.
Analyzed more than, draw the primary structure ginseng of the bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback
Number：r1=7mm, r2=5.5mm, r3=12mm, l1=7.4mm, l2=17.5mm, c=3.3mm, d=4.9mm, w1=2.5mm,
w2=3.5mm, g=0.2mm.
Test job is carried out in microwave dark room, returning for antenna is tested using Agilent vector network analyzers N5230A
S is lost in ripple11Curve, survey the S of antenna11Curve contrasts with simulation result as shown in figure 4, return loss is less than -10dB frequency
Scope measured result is 2.4GHz~19.8GHz, and antenna has a broadband character, resonance point be respectively 4.6GHz, 12.6GHz and
18.1GHz, with simulation result contrast as can be seen that the resonance point tested is offset to the right, return loss S11Curve depth down, survey
The S of amount11Somewhat moved up at low frequency, whole bandwidth has declined, but curve overall trend is consistent.The reason for frequency shift (FS)
Have an error of medium substrate relative dielectric constant, the feed section of manual welding introduces certain loss, during test around ring
Border generates influence on measurement result.As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, the antenna pattern of antenna is preferable, E for the gain pattern of resonance point
Face is approximately " 8 " word, H faces approximation omnidirectional radiation, and yield value reduces when frequency raises, radiating element and ladder floor during because of high frequency
CURRENT DISTRIBUTION change, the electric current of antenna increasingly concentrates on hierarchic structure floor and the seam folded by gradual change type co-planar waveguide
Gap region, the structure radiated to both sides being formed, the E faces directional diagram of antenna produces secondary lobe, and main radiation direction is returned to level of approximation,
The omni-directional of H faces directional diagram has obvious deterioration, but is generally still omnidirectional, and lobe during because of high frequency has certain deterioration,
Available frequency band covers 2.4~12.6GHz.
Test result indicates that r1、r2、r3Certain influence can be produced to antenna resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth etc. parameter.
The antenna available frequency band covers 2.4~12.6GHz, and actual measurement is identical good with simulation result, and its radiation characteristic is stable, echo
It is lost relatively low, there is wider impedance bandwidth and good omnidirectional radiation characteristic, it is simple in construction, easy to process, be easy to conformal, fit
For low coverage wideband wireless communication.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback, by medium substrate, is printed on medium substrate
Bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit (1), gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2), hierarchic structure floor (3) and the external coaxial fitting of homonymy
(4) form, it is characterised in that：Bielliptic(al) combination radiation unit (1) is different by long and short shaft length and axle is than being all about 1.25
Two semiellipses form along major axis Symmetric Composite, and radiating element uses two various sizes of semiellipse combining structures up and down, drop
Low low-frequency cut-off frequency, increase low frequency effective current path length, a circular hole will be opened among radiating element, adjust bandwidth match,
It is fed by way of gradual change type co-planar waveguide, reduces radiation loss, adjusts input impedance, the lower end of co-planar waveguide
It is connected with coaxial fitting (4) inner wire, so as to external coaxial line, floor uses hierarchic structure, forms multi-resonant, broadband and good
Good omni-directional radiation characteristic, is provided with certain gap, passes through between hierarchic structure floor (3) and gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2)
Gradual change type co-planar waveguide (2) encourages as feed to gap, is equivalent to a matching network, reaches good impedance
Match somebody with somebody.
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| CN201510828858.1A CN105305054B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | The bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna of gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback |
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| CN105703069A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-22 | 广东工业大学 | CPW (Co-Planar Waveguide) and tapered transmission line feeding wide band planar quari-Yagi antenna |
| CN109616756A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-12 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of ultra wide band array antenna |
| CN109387860B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2024-06-07 | 中电科技扬州宝军电子有限公司 | Stepped ground structure for improving phase stability of antenna |
| CN115064861B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-01-10 | 九井互联(北京)数字技术有限公司 | USB wireless data transmission terminal with ultra-wideband antenna |
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| WO2006054951A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-26 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Antennas for ultra-wideband applications |
| CN104377428A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-02-25 | 吉林医药学院 | Broadband wide-beam rectangular monopole antenna |
| CN205248438U (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-05-18 | 吉林医药学院 | Gradual change formula coplane waveguide feed's bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006054951A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-26 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Antennas for ultra-wideband applications |
| CN104377428A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-02-25 | 吉林医药学院 | Broadband wide-beam rectangular monopole antenna |
| CN205248438U (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-05-18 | 吉林医药学院 | Gradual change formula coplane waveguide feed's bielliptic(al) combination monopole antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| "A Printed Monopole Antenna with Extremely Wide Bandwidth";Jianjun Liu等;《Microwave Conference》;20091210;全文 * |
| "一种宽波束矩形单极天线的设计";欧仁侠，陈洪斌，鲍捷;《中国科技信息》;20151115(第22期);全文 * |
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