CN105303934A - Simple experimental facility for demonstrating Kepler area law - Google Patents
Simple experimental facility for demonstrating Kepler area law Download PDFInfo
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- CN105303934A CN105303934A CN201510883494.7A CN201510883494A CN105303934A CN 105303934 A CN105303934 A CN 105303934A CN 201510883494 A CN201510883494 A CN 201510883494A CN 105303934 A CN105303934 A CN 105303934A
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- laboratory table
- kepler
- simple experimental
- white paper
- swing ball
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simple experimental facility for demonstrating a Kepler area law. The simple experimental facility comprises an experiment table, wherein support columns are arranged in matrix at the lower end of the experiment table; one side of the upper end of the experiment table is provided with two support frames; a power line encircles a cross bar; one end, being far away from the support frames, of the experiment table is provided with a swing frame; the swing frame is fixed on the experiment table through a clamping device; the lower end of the experiment table is provided with a piece of white paper; one end of the swing frame is provided with a connection line; one end, being far away from the swing frame, of the connection line is provided with a swing ball; and the swing ball is arranged on the upper end of the white paper. The low-cost and down-to-earth cheap experiment can be preferred by a lot of teachers and students and can reflect the wisdom of the teachers and students. By means of the functional advantages of stroboscopic photograph, the simple experimental facility can also perform simple little experiments when no valuable cameras are provided, and can also be used for classroom teaching for more high school physical education teachers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of experiment equipment, particularly relate to a kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law.
Background technology
Kepler's laws, is also called law of planetary motion.Kepler's second law (area law): concerning any one planet, its line inswept equal area within the equal time with the sun.This law tells us, and when running around the sun, planet how to change its speed.
The motion of planet, for not only mystery but also be difficult to the imagination high school student, if can design directly perceived, an interesting experiment, just can meet their curiosity, thus cultivate the learning interest of classmates and scientific exploration spiritual.
In order to directly record, showing moving object not position in space in the same time, often adopt stroboscopic photograph, this method more has superiority for study two-dimensional motion, the most general in movement of falling object research.This experimental technique can apply in the checking of kepler's second law equally, elliptic pendulum is planar swung into oval track, utilizes stroboscope photograph technology, just can obtain the trace image of bead elliptic motion clearly like this on same photo.But experimental cost is high, promoted extension is very little.
Summary of the invention
Based on the technical matters that background technology exists, the present invention proposes a kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law.
A kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law that the present invention proposes,
A kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law, comprise laboratory table, the lower end of described laboratory table is that matrix arrangement is provided with support column, the side, upper end of described laboratory table is provided with two bracing frames, the side of support frame as described above is provided with cross bar, the junction of described two cross bars is provided with stroboscopic lamp, the upper end of described stroboscopic lamp is provided with digital camera, and the side of digital camera is connected with power supply by power lead, and power lead is looped around on cross bar, described laboratory table is provided with rocker away from one end of bracing frame, described rocker is fixed by clamping apparatus and laboratory table, the lower end of described laboratory table is provided with white paper, one end of described rocker is provided with connecting line, and connecting line is provided with swing ball away from one end of rocker, and swing ball is positioned at the upper end of white paper.
Preferably, the lower end of described support column is provided with slippage prevention device, and the upper end desktop of laboratory table is provided with anti-slip veins.
Preferably, described white paper is positioned at the lower end, front of laboratory table, and track is circle when being positioned on a surface level with laboratory table, and there have during certain angle of cut that to be track be to be oval.
Preferably, the photographic head of described digital camera is positioned at the front end of stroboscopic lamp, and photographic head is towards white paper.
Preferably, measuring process: the shutter opening digital camera, the impact of shake comparison film when pressing shutter to prevent hand, timing automatic can be adopted to take, press soon behind the door, be about to manually boot stroboscopic light source when starting shutter until camera timing device, put down swing ball in the angle be applicable to simultaneously, complete the elliptical orbit motion of one-period at swing ball after, close the shutter of camera.
In the present invention, after having used for reference the functional advantage of stroboscopic photograph, open the simple little experiment also can done under the condition not having expensive video camera, can be used for more vast high school physics teachers ' classroom teaching to use, the Kepler's area equation law experiment designed under the simple and easy equipment of cost.Water and the dixie cup of another kind of low cost are tested (see Fig. 2) easily, and teaching practice shows that effect is better.I.e. water droplet movement track method: load about weight in dixie cup, for the motion of stable dixie cup.In dixie cup, pour the ink after appropriate dilution into, at suitable angle swinging dixie cup, guarantee that the ink droplet that dixie cup spills can do an elliptic pendulum motion.During research Kepler's area equation law, after ink dries, ink image is depicted with pencil by blank sheet of paper.B, find image central authorities, be labeled as O, mark is put at the center of print of often dripping, and is labeled as A successively
1, A
2, A
3C, by drawing central authorities O and each position on the pencil setting-out of water droplet center couple together.
The ink fallen blank sheet of paper from aperture can follow the trail of the elliptical trajectory of dixie cup.Because aperture allow often the to drip time Δ t that falls is identical, the time interval between any two melted inks is equal, so the quantity N ∝ object of which movement time t of ink droplet, the therefore inverse of the quantity N ∝ linear velocity of water droplet
the elliptical orbit that water droplet is linked to be as can be seen from blank sheet of paper, aphelion and near the quantity of water droplet many, dixie cup linear velocity v is little, few in the quantity of perihelion water droplet, so dixie cup linear velocity v is large.Calculate the area theorem that between ink droplet with image central authorities O point, line is inswept within equal time identical with stroboscopic photography.Experiment draws line inswept equal area within the equal time of planet and the sun, namely
or r
1△ r
1=r
2△ r
2.By above formula divided by Δ t, make Δ t → 0, so formula becomes r
1v
1=r
2v
2, because planetary mass is constant, can mr be drawn again
1v
1=mr
2v
2, mrv is the angular momentum of planet, therefore can be released the planet conservation of angular momentum of moving in central field by kepler's second law.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation demonstrating the simple experimental device of Kepler's area law that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 2 is a kind of dixie cup experimental configuration schematic diagram demonstrating the simple experimental device of Kepler's area law that the present invention proposes.
In figure: 1 power lead, 2 cross bars, 3 bracing frames, 4 digital cameras, 5 stroboscopic lamps, 6 rockers, 7 clamping apparatus, 8 laboratory tables, 9 support columns, 10 connecting lines, 11 swing balls, 12 white paper.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further explanation is done to the present invention.
A kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law, comprise laboratory table 8, the lower end of laboratory table 8 is that matrix arrangement is provided with support column 9, the side, upper end of laboratory table 8 is provided with two bracing frames 3, the side of bracing frame 3 is provided with cross bar 2, the junction of two cross bars 2 is provided with stroboscopic lamp 5, the upper end of stroboscopic lamp 5 is provided with digital camera 4, and the side of digital camera 4 is connected with power supply by power lead 1, and power lead 1 is looped around on cross bar 2, laboratory table 8 is provided with rocker 6 away from one end of bracing frame 3, rocker 6 is fixed by clamping apparatus 7 and laboratory table 8, the lower end of laboratory table 8 is provided with white paper 12, white paper 12 can regulate the angle of cut with laboratory table 8, to ensure that swing ball forms required elliptical orbit.One end of rocker 6 is provided with connecting line 10, and connecting line 10 is provided with swing ball 11 away from one end of rocker 6, and swing ball 11 is positioned at the upper end of white paper 12, the lower end of support column 9 is provided with slippage prevention device, and the upper end desktop of laboratory table 8 is provided with anti-slip veins, white paper 12 is positioned at the lower end, front of laboratory table 8, and track is circle when being positioned on a surface level with laboratory table 8, there have during certain angle of cut that to be track be to be oval, the photographic head of digital camera 4 is positioned at the front end of stroboscopic lamp 5, and photographic head is towards white paper 12.Cheapness experiment the liking more by numerous teachers and students of low cost of the present invention, ground connection gas, also more can embody the wisdom of teachers and students.After the functional advantage using for reference stroboscopic photograph, open the simple little experiment also can done under the condition not having expensive video camera, can be used for more vast high school physics teachers ' classroom teaching to use.
Measuring process: the shutter opening digital camera 4, the impact of shake comparison film when pressing shutter to prevent hand, timing automatic can be adopted to take, press soon behind the door, be about to manually boot stroboscopic light source when starting shutter until camera timing device, put down swing ball 11 in the angle be applicable to simultaneously, complete the elliptical orbit motion of one-period at swing ball 11 after, close the shutter of camera
Picture step is: thin tracing paper is placed on photo, is described by the image on photo with pencil; Find drawing central marks to be O, the center of each bead image draws mark, and is labeled as A1, A2, A3 successively Take drawing away, the center pencil setting-out of bead in drawing central authorities O and each position is coupled together.Calculate the area that bead and image central O point line is inswept within equal time, the location drawing picture that white globules moves a week by stroboscopic photograph is recorded on same egative film.Because timing up is identical, what photo obtained is the location drawing picture that under coherent same time interval, bead moves to each point; Although the track of bead is bending, if we select the little ball position of continuous print closely, we can be similar to and think straight-line segment track; The area that line is inswept is a triangle; Leg-of-mutton height is about R, and its end approximates the displacement that bead moved in t in equal time, calculates each little leg-of-mutton area.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. demonstrate the simple experimental device of Kepler's area law for one kind, comprise laboratory table (8), the lower end of described laboratory table (8) is that matrix arrangement is provided with support column (9), it is characterized in that, the side, upper end of described laboratory table (8) is provided with two bracing frames (3), the side of support frame as described above (3) is provided with cross bar (2), the junction of described two cross bars (2) is provided with stroboscopic lamp (5), the upper end of described stroboscopic lamp (5) is provided with digital camera (4), and the side of digital camera (4) is connected with power supply by power lead (1), and power lead (1) is looped around on cross bar (2), described laboratory table (8) is provided with rocker (6) away from one end of bracing frame (3), described rocker (6) is fixed by clamping apparatus (7) and laboratory table (8), the lower end of described laboratory table (8) is provided with white paper (12), described white paper (12) can regulate the angle of cut with laboratory table (8), to ensure that swing ball forms required elliptical orbit.One end of described rocker (6) is provided with connecting line (10), and connecting line (10) is provided with swing ball (11) away from one end of rocker (6), and swing ball (11) is positioned at the upper end of white paper (12).
2. according to claim 1 for a kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law, it is characterized in that, the lower end of described support column (9) is provided with slippage prevention device, and the upper end desktop of laboratory table (8) is provided with anti-slip veins.
3. according to claim 1 for a kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law, it is characterized in that, described white paper (12) is positioned at the lower end, front of laboratory table (8), and track is circle when being positioned on a surface level with laboratory table (8), there have during certain angle of cut that to be track be to be oval.
4. according to claim 1 for a kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law, it is characterized in that, the photographic head of described digital camera (4) is positioned at the front end of stroboscopic lamp (5), and photographic head is towards white paper (12).
5. according to claim 1 for a kind of simple experimental device demonstrating Kepler's area law, it is characterized in that, measuring process: the shutter opening digital camera (4), the impact of shake comparison film when pressing shutter to prevent hand, timing automatic can be adopted to take, press soon behind the door, be about to manually boot stroboscopic light source when starting shutter until camera timing device, put down swing ball (11) in the angle be applicable to simultaneously, complete the elliptical orbit motion of one-period at swing ball (11) after, close the shutter of camera.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510883494.7A CN105303934A (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | Simple experimental facility for demonstrating Kepler area law |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510883494.7A CN105303934A (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | Simple experimental facility for demonstrating Kepler area law |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105303934A true CN105303934A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
Family
ID=55201124
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510883494.7A Pending CN105303934A (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | Simple experimental facility for demonstrating Kepler area law |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1233207A1 (en) * | 1984-06-21 | 1986-05-23 | Kirillov Ivan V | Teaching-aid device on astronomy |
| CN201177884Y (en) * | 2008-01-06 | 2009-01-07 | 季倬 | Circular motion directional demonstration instrument |
| CN201210360Y (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-03-18 | 袁柱豪 | Instructional medium for circumferential movement demonstration |
-
2015
- 2015-12-04 CN CN201510883494.7A patent/CN105303934A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1233207A1 (en) * | 1984-06-21 | 1986-05-23 | Kirillov Ivan V | Teaching-aid device on astronomy |
| CN201177884Y (en) * | 2008-01-06 | 2009-01-07 | 季倬 | Circular motion directional demonstration instrument |
| CN201210360Y (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-03-18 | 袁柱豪 | Instructional medium for circumferential movement demonstration |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张丽 等: ""精密仪器与低成本器材在开普勒面积定律实验中的较量"", 《物理教师》 * |
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Application publication date: 20160203 |