A kind of wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system and wind-driven generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, particularly a kind of wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system and wind-driven generator.
Background technique
Wind-power electricity generation capital equipment is exactly wind power generating set.From the angle of transformation of energy, wind power generating set is made up of two-part: first wind wheel, and it is the device of mechanical energy by Wind resource change; It two is generators, and mechanical energy is converted to electric energy by it.Wind power generating set is generally made up of critical pieces such as wind wheel, step-up gear, generator, yaw system, pitch-controlled system, control system.Wind acts on the blade of wind wheel with certain speed and the angle of attack, makes blade produce running torque and rotate, wind energy transformation is become mechanical energy, drives generator to be connected to the grid by speed increaser.Yaw system also claims wind apparatus, and its function follows the tracks of the change of wind direction.Yaw system drives cabin to rotate around tower center line, its effect one coordinates with unit control system in available wind speed range, rotating cabin makes rotor swept face and wind direction keep vertical, makes wind wheel be in state windward all the time, to ensure that wind power generating set has maximum generating capacity.
Wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system is one of critical component of wind power generating set, is the important step that unit safety ensures.Along with the continuous increase of wind speed, the blade rotating speed of wind wheel is also constantly increasing, if the braking device therefore in wind power generating set is unreliable, the rotating speed of blade will be caused more and more faster, finally cause the generation of runaway accident and wind power generating set fire, cause the damage of wind power generating set.Therefore safe and reliable brake hydraulic system is selected to be extremely important.
Wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system generally comprises main shaft brake hydraulic system and driftage brake hydraulic system, and main shaft brake hydraulic system carries out skidding to the main shaft in wind power generating set, makes wind wheel or Generator brake braking.Spindle brake is generally arranged on high speed shaft or lower velocity shaft, and high speed shaft is connected with generator, and lower velocity shaft is connected with wind wheel.Driftage brake hydraulic system refers to when cabin is in tram, when wind direction is constant, provides necessary locking torque, cabin is located, to ensure the safe operation of wind power generating set.
At present, main shaft due to the larger compression shock of the too fast generation of retro-speed, reduces the life-span of the gear of speed increaser in braking process; The unlimited pressurized overflow valve of existing driftage brake hydraulic system, reliability is poor.In addition, when wind-driven generator needs shutdown maintenance, often because fluid in hydraulic system pipeline affects spindle brake not and off-course brake normally works.Main shaft brake hydraulic system and driftage brake hydraulic system complicated, dwell time short, poor performance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system and wind-driven generator, to solve main shaft larger compression shock due to the too fast generation of retro-speed in braking process, reduces the life problems of the gear of speed increaser.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system, comprise spindle speed sensor and the main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit of controller and detection spindle speed, in main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit, be provided with the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, the first selector valve, spindle brake, the first selector valve to be arranged between the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and spindle brake in oil circuit;
The second pressure transducer is provided with in oil circuit between the first selector valve and spindle brake; Controller regulates the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve delivery outlet pressure according to the second pressure sensor signal and spindle speed sensor signal, makes delivery pressure and the spindle speed product constant of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve.
In order to make main shaft gradual braking, reducing and impacting, in the oil circuit between the first selector valve and the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, being provided with the second one-way valve; The second accumulator and second section discharge orifice is provided with in oil circuit between the first selector valve and spindle brake.
In order to make main shaft gradual braking, reduce and impact, in main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit, be provided with the second relief valve and first segment discharge orifice, first segment discharge orifice is arranged in the input oil circuit of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, in the oil circuit of the second relief valve between the first selector valve and the second one-way valve.
In order to realize cabin braking, also comprising driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit, in driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit, being provided with the second selector valve and off-course brake and the first reduction valve, in the oil circuit of the second selector valve between off-course brake and the first reduction valve.
In order to realize cabin invariable power braking, also comprise the cabin speed probe detecting cabin rotating speed, the first reduction valve is electric proportional pressure-reducing valve; The 3rd pressure transducer is provided with in oil circuit between the second selector valve and off-course brake; Controller regulates the first reduction valve delivery outlet pressure according to the 3rd pressure sensor signal and cabin signals of rotational speed sensor, makes delivery pressure and the cabin rotating speed product constant of the first reduction valve.
In order to make cabin gradual braking, reducing and impacting, in the oil circuit between the second selector valve and off-course brake, being provided with the 3rd accumulator; In driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit, be provided with the 3rd relief valve and the 3rd one-way valve, the 3rd one-way valve and the 3rd relief valve are arranged in the input oil circuit of the second selector valve.
Further, comprise hydraulic power oil circuit, in hydraulic power oil circuit, be provided with oil hydraulic pump, the input oil circuit of the first reduction valve is connected with the output circuit of oil hydraulic pump, and the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve input oil circuit is connected with oil circuit between the first reduction valve and the second selector valve.
Further, comprise fuel tank, in hydraulic power oil circuit, be provided with hand pump and the 4th one-way valve, the 4th one-way valve is arranged in the output circuit of hand pump, and the delivery outlet of the 4th one-way valve is connected with the output circuit of the first reduction valve; The first accumulator, the first one-way valve, the first pressure transducer, the first relief valve, ball valve is provided with in hydraulic power oil circuit, first accumulator and the first one-way valve and the first pressure transducer are arranged in the output circuit of the first reduction valve, first relief valve is arranged between oil hydraulic pump and the first reduction valve in oil circuit, and ball valve to be arranged between the output circuit of the first reduction valve and fuel tank in oil return circuit.
Further, comprise motor, motor is connected with oil hydraulic pump; Controller, according to the first pressure sensor signal, when the force value of the first accumulator reaches the first accumulator setup pressure value, controls motor and stops.
Present invention also offers a kind of wind-driven generator, comprise above-mentioned wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system.
The present invention proposes a kind of wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system and wind-driven generator, achieves the braking of spindle brake invariable power, main shaft gradual braking, reduces compression shock, avoid the booster engine gear failure in wind power generating set, extend the gear life of booster engine.
Realize spindle brake invariable power braking principle as follows: when spindle brake starts to brake, spindle speed is high, this Time Controller is according to spindle speed, regulate the input current of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, control the outlet pressure of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, make the outlet pressure product constant of spindle speed and the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve; Afterwards because braking makes spindle speed reduce, the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve outlet pressure raises, until reach the reduction valve maximal pressure force value of controller setting, principal shaft braking completes.In principal shaft braking process, the pressure in main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit and the rotating speed product of main shaft keep constant substantially, and namely the braking force of spindle brake and spindle speed product keep constant substantially, therefore, achieve the braking of spindle brake invariable power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a part of the present invention is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the present invention and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
Main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit of the present invention is the hydraulic system pointing to spindle brake supply pressure oil, carries out skidding to the main shaft in wind power generating set, makes wind wheel or Generator brake braking.Spindle brake is generally arranged on high speed shaft or lower velocity shaft, and high speed shaft is connected with generator, and lower velocity shaft is connected with wind wheel.
Driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit of the present invention is the hydraulic system pointing to off-course brake supply pressure oil, when cabin is in tram, when wind direction is constant, provide necessary locking torque, make skidding location, cabin, to ensure the safe operation of wind power generating set.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, preferably the first embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, the wind-driven generator brake hydraulic system of this preferred first embodiment, comprises hydraulic power oil circuit, main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit, driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit.
In hydraulic power oil circuit, be provided with oil hydraulic pump 1, the first reduction valve 3 is arranged in the output circuit of oil hydraulic pump 1; The second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, first selector valve 24, spindle brake 20 is provided with in main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit, first selector valve 24 to be arranged between the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 and spindle brake 20 in oil circuit, the actuator port of the first selector valve 24 is connected with the rodless cavity of spindle brake 20, and the filler opening of the first selector valve 24 is connected with the oil outlet of the second electric ratio pressure valve 17.First selector valve 24 can adopt solenoid directional control valve or manual solenoid directional control valve or pilot operated directional control valve or on-off valve etc. can.Pressure oil flows to the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 after exporting from oil hydraulic pump 1 after the first reduction valve 3 pressure-reduced and-regulated, flows to the first selector valve 24, after the first selector valve 24, flow to spindle brake 20 after the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 reduces pressure.Spindle brake 20 can be arranged on high speed shaft, also can be arranged on lower velocity shaft.High speed shaft refers to and the axle that generator is connected with booster engine, and lower velocity shaft refers to and the axle that booster engine is connected with wind wheel.
In order to realize main axis constant power braking, comprising the spindle speed sensor of controller and detection spindle speed, between the first selector valve 24 and spindle brake 20, being provided with the second pressure transducer 22 in oil circuit; The filler opening of the second pressure transducer 22 is connected with the rodless cavity of spindle brake 20.Controller regulates the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 delivery outlet pressure according to the second pressure transducer 22 signal and spindle speed sensor signal, makes delivery pressure and the spindle speed product constant of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17.
According to reduction valve principle, the delivery outlet pressure of the first reduction valve 3 does not change, the delivery outlet constant pressure of the first reduction valve 3, the namely inlet opening constant pressure of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 with the delivery pressure variation of oil hydraulic pump 1.When spindle brake 20 starts to brake, spindle speed is high, and this Time Controller, according to spindle speed, regulates the input current of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, control the outlet pressure of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, make the outlet pressure product constant of spindle speed and the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17; Afterwards because braking makes spindle speed reduce, the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 outlet pressure raises, until reach the maximal pressure force value of controller setting, spindle brake 20 has been braked.In principal shaft braking process, controller is according to the second pressure transducer 22 and spindle speed sensor feedback signal, regulate the outlet pressure of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, finally make actual delivery pressure and the spindle speed value product constant of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17; Namely the braking force of spindle brake and spindle speed product keep constant substantially, thus main axis constant power insensitivity and reliability and speed of response are improved.
In order to reduce compression shock further, the second one-way valve 18 is provided with in oil circuit between the first selector valve 24 and the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, the oil outlet of the second one-way valve 18 is connected with the filler opening of the first selector valve 24, and the filler opening of the second one-way valve 18 is connected with the oil outlet of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17.Second one-way valve 18 is arranged on the downstream of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, and because the vent flow of the second one-way valve 18, first selector valve 24 is little, spindle brake 20 can effectively pressurize.
In order to reduce compression shock and stable pressurize further and improve reliability, the second accumulator 21 and second section discharge orifice 23 is provided with in oil circuit between the first selector valve 24 and spindle brake 20, the filler opening of the second accumulator 21 is connected with the rodless cavity of spindle brake 20, the filler opening of second section discharge orifice 23 is connected with the actuator port of the first selector valve 24, and the oil outlet of second section discharge orifice 23 is connected with the rodless cavity of spindle brake 20; The second relief valve 19 and first segment discharge orifice 16 is provided with in main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit, first segment discharge orifice 16 is arranged in the oil circuit between the first reduction valve 3 and the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, the oil outlet of first segment discharge orifice 16 is connected with the filler opening of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, and the filler opening of first segment discharge orifice 16 is connected with the oil outlet of the first reduction valve 3.In the oil circuit of the second relief valve 19 between the first selector valve 24 and the second one-way valve 18.The filler opening of the second relief valve 19 is connected with the oil outlet of the second one-way valve 18.Second section discharge orifice 23 and first segment discharge orifice 16 mainly play limited flow effect, prevent spindle brake 20 retro-speed too fast.Second relief valve 19 is made safety valve and is used, and ensureing that main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit is safe and reliable, when exceeding the maximal pressure force value of spindle brake 20, starting overflow when namely reaching the second relief valve 19 cracking pressure.Second accumulator 21 can effectively pressurize, also can be more steady when braking.
The main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit working procedure of the first embodiment is as follows:
When the first selector valve 24 is in right position, the second accumulator 21 is by 24 right the releases of the first selector valve, and spindle brake 20 unclamps.When the first selector valve 24 obtains electric, oil hydraulic pump 1, starts to brake spindle brake 20 to the second accumulator 21 punching press by the second left position of electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, first selector valve 24 simultaneously.
In principal shaft braking process, controller is according to the second pressure transducer 22 and spindle speed sensor feedback signal, regulate the outlet pressure of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17, finally make actual delivery pressure and the spindle speed value product constant of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17; Namely the braking force of spindle brake and spindle speed product keep constant substantially, thus main axis constant power insensitivity and reliability and speed of response are improved.
In further technological scheme, comprise driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit, in driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit, be provided with the second selector valve 12 and off-course brake 15 and the first reduction valve 3, the entrance of driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit is connected with the outlet of hydraulic power oil circuit.Pressure oil exports from oil hydraulic pump 1, successively through the first reduction valve 3, second selector valve 12, off-course brake 15.
The 3rd accumulator 14 and the 3rd pressure transducer 13 is provided with in oil circuit between the second selector valve 12 and off-course brake 15; 3rd accumulator 14 is connected with the rodless cavity of off-course brake 15 with the filler opening of the 3rd pressure transducer 13, in driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit, be provided with the 3rd relief valve 10 and the 3rd one-way valve the 11, three one-way valve 11 and the 3rd relief valve 10 be arranged in the input oil circuit of the second selector valve 12.The filler opening of the 3rd relief valve 10 is connected with the filler opening of the second selector valve 12.The oil outlet of the 3rd one-way valve 11 is connected with the filler opening of the second selector valve 12, and the filler opening of the 3rd one-way valve 11 is connected with the oil outlet of the first reduction valve 3.3rd pressure transducer 13 is mainly for detection of driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit pressure, 3rd relief valve 10 is made safety valve and is used, ensureing that driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit is safe and reliable, when exceeding the maximal pressure force value of off-course brake 15, when namely reaching the 3rd relief valve 10 cracking pressure, starting overflow.3rd accumulator 14 can effectively pressurize, also can be more steady when braking.3rd one-way valve 11 mainly reduces the vent flow of yaw system pressure oil.3rd one-way valve 11 can effectively pressurize.
In further technological scheme, comprise fuel tank, the first accumulator 6, first one-way valve 4, first pressure transducer 5, first relief valve 2, ball valve 7 is provided with in hydraulic power oil circuit, first accumulator 6 and the first one-way valve 4 and the first pressure transducer 5 are arranged in the output circuit of the first reduction valve 3, first relief valve 2 is arranged between oil hydraulic pump 1 and the first reduction valve 3 in oil circuit, and ball valve 7 to be arranged between the output circuit of the first reduction valve 3 and fuel tank in oil return circuit.The filler opening of the first accumulator 6 is connected with the oil outlet of the first one-way valve 4, the filler opening of the first one-way valve 4 is connected with the oil outlet of the first reduction valve 3, the filler opening of the first reduction valve 3 is connected with the oil outlet of oil hydraulic pump 1, the filler opening of the first relief valve 2 is connected with the oil outlet of oil hydraulic pump 1, the filler opening of ball valve 7 is connected with the oil outlet of the first one-way valve 4, and the oil outlet of ball valve 7 is connected with fuel tank.In hydraulic power oil circuit, be provided with hand pump 9 and the 4th one-way valve the 8, four one-way valve 8 is arranged in the output circuit of hand pump 9, the delivery outlet of the 4th one-way valve 8 is connected with the output circuit of the first reduction valve 3.The oil outlet of hand pump 9 is connected with the filler opening of the 4th one-way valve 8, and the oil outlet of the 4th one-way valve 8 is connected with the oil outlet of the first one-way valve 4.
Oil hydraulic pump 1 provides punching press oil sources for giving the first accumulator 6, controller is according to the pressure signal of the first pressure transducer 5, when first store energy pressure reach the first accumulation of energy setup pressure value time, control motor start and stop, maintain the first accumulator 6 pressure in certain interval range.First relief valve 2 is made safety valve and is used, when hydraulic power oil circuit maximum pressure is no more than setting value.First one-way valve 4 mainly reduces the vent flow of system pressure oil.Hand pump 9 cannot provide the in emergency circumstances use of oil sources at oil hydraulic pump 1, maintains system pressure stable within a period of time; Ball valve 7 is for carrying out off-load to the first accumulator 6 pressure oil port.
In order to realize main axis constant power and the braking of cabin invariable power, as shown in Figure 2, the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment to be: comprise controller and the cabin speed probe detecting cabin rotating speed, be jointly connected with the output circuit of oil hydraulic pump 1 by the input oil circuit of the first reduction valve 3 with the second reduction valve 17.Namely the pressure oil part that exports of oil hydraulic pump 1 through the first reduction valve 3 to driftage brake hydraulic oil circuit fuel feeding, another part through the second reduction valve 17 to main shaft brake hydraulic oil circuit fuel feeding.
First reduction valve 3 is electric proportional pressure-reducing valve; Controller regulates the first reduction valve 3 delivery outlet pressure according to the 3rd pressure transducer 13 signal and cabin signals of rotational speed sensor, makes delivery pressure and the cabin rotating speed product constant of the first reduction valve 3.Controller regulates the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17 delivery outlet pressure according to the second pressure transducer 22 signal and spindle speed sensor signal, makes delivery pressure and the spindle speed product constant of the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve 17.Thus realize main axis constant power and the braking of cabin invariable power.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.