CN105296873A - Bimetal compound high-toughness, high-boron and high-speed steel hammer and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Bimetal compound high-toughness, high-boron and high-speed steel hammer and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bimetal compound high-toughness, high-boron and high-speed steel hammer and a preparing method thereof. A hammer handle is made of low-carbon bainite steel. The hammer is made of high-toughness and high-boron wear-resisting steel. A medium-frequency induction heater is installed outside a sand box. During molding, after impurities on the surface of a hammer handle compound part are removed, the surface of the hammer handle is coated with an antioxidant, sleeved with a hammer evanescent mold and put into a sand mold to be molded, and a sprue and an ingate are molded through an evanescent model. In-mold preheating is conducted on the hammer handle through medium-frequency induction, after a preset temperature is reached, smelted hammer molten steel is poured at the temperature of 1560-1620 DEG C, after pouring is completed, a certain time of heat preservation is conducted, unpacking cleaning is conducted, and then heat treatment is conducted. The technology is simple, metallurgical bonding is achieved on a bimetal compound hammer interface, product quality is good, and safety is high. The defects that the service life of a hammer produced in the prior art is short and production cost is high are overcome. The service life of the bimetal compound high-toughness, high-boron and high-speed steel hammer is prolonged by three or more times than that of a high manganese steel hammer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wear-resistant metal material field, particularly relate to a kind of bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Hammer mill is the widely used crushing mechanism equipment of industry such as building materials, cement, pottery, metallurgy, mine, electric power, refractory materials and chemical fertilizer, and tup is its major parts for broken material and large vulnerable part, and consumption is very large.The working-surface of tup contacts with material, produces heavily stressed wearing and tearing.Because the material that is broken is generally the hard objects such as rock, metallic ore, the wearing and tearing of part are more serious.By analyzing tup surface microscopic topographic, the wear process of tup belongs to the result of distortion and erosive wear comprehensive action.This is running up due to tup surface, and the motional inertia of tup hits and attrition crushing material.In the process of relative movement, these materials and piece surface interact, and just do not slide, modes such as impacting in addition, roll, wash away.When abrasive hardness exceedes material hardness, the corner angle of abrasive material make material generation plastic flow and the surrounding being expressed to pit by thrusting material surface, and to a certain extent, abrasive grain is crushed for material deformation.Multiple particle and hole around deformable material contact, and make it again distortion, and plastic flow occurs, and work hardening capacity increases further.Form grinding to come off when exceeding the strain fatigue limit of material.
The kind of the hammer head material in current supply market is a lot, the most frequently used is high mangaenese steel, because its hardness and wear resistance are all higher at first, but it is found that now that actually this is not so, some occasion high mangaenese steel tup is not wear-resisting, and work-ing life is short, traces it to its cause, high mangaenese steel will could produce high rigidity cementation zone when large surging force, and not wear-resisting when surging force is little; Also have Medium Manganese Steel tup, because it has higher hardness and toughness, more durable when surging force is not too large, and be magnetic; Ultra-high manganese steel and modified high manganese steel tup are only just wear-resisting in strong occasion of clashing into, and have limitation; Forging Low-alloy Steel Hammers hardness is low, wears no resistance; Rich chromium cast iron tup has excellent wear resistance, but toughness is poor, easily brittle rupture occurs.Various material all can not reach optimal effect, therefore the material of reasonable, develops simple and practical technique, and saving resource and the energy under the prerequisite ensureing service requirements, become focus and the difficult point in high-abrasive material field.
In material fragmentation is produced, require all very high to the toughness of tup and wear resistance.Tup entirety can be divided into hammer handle and hammer tip two portions according to job specification difference, and different sites requires to have different use propertieies, and hammer handle requires to have comprehensive mechanical performance, have certain intensity and toughness; And the main portions of tup wearing and tearing is hammer tip portions, therefore require that hammer tip has higher wear resisting property, the tup life-span could be extended, the situation with different use propertieies is required for analyzed tup different sites, bimetal compound is the effective way addressed this problem, for this reason, the manufacturing process of various composite hammer head is developed.
But existing imbedding process, to ensure in recombination process that liquid-solid interface produces effective metallurgical binding, the temperature of solid surface just must be made to reach more than liquidus line, and in order to the toughness that ensures workpiece and wear resisting property simultaneously, the metal of solid part must have certain ratio, its ratio must not be greater than 1/10 ~ 1/8 of liquid portion, and it is obviously impossible for will reaching this ratio in castingin tup technique.For addressing this problem, it is carry out preheating before pouring into a mould the solid part of castingin that conventional processing method mainly contains two kinds: one, and another kind lengthens high-temperature liquid metal to the flushing time of solid part.But because the preheating before cast is generally carry out in process furnace, before mould assembling cast, pre-warmware is taken out and puts in casting mold, then mould assembling cast.Obviously, heat in process furnace, because heat-up time is long, heated object is oxidizable.In addition, because pre-warmware is fetched into cast from process furnace, the time in the middle of this is generally wayward, and before causing compound, the actual temperature change of pre-warmware is comparatively large, stably cannot ensure the quality of compound interface.And adopt high-temperature liquid metal to wash away for a long time solid part, heating efficiency is low, waste a large amount of hot metals, simultaneously due to the chilling action of solid part, liquid metal near solid part after liquid metal pours into casting mold solidifies at solid surface immediately, very easily there is crackle in the metal of this layer of rapid solidification, use middle crackle to spread.Therefore adopt this technique, very easily occur hammer tip fracture and the block that comes off in the course of the work, not only cause the damage of tup itself, also may cause substantial equipment and fatal accident, although this technical study is more, that really can apply aborning is less.
Utilize the rich chromium cast iron with high rigidity to make the end of tup, the Double-metal composite hammer manufactured with the shank that tough metal makes tup is one ideal at present, but its manufacture craft also comparatively complicated difficult to ensure the quality of products.For improving the abrasion resistance of metal wear resistant material, meeting application requiring, in recent years, having carried out large quantifier elimination both at home and abroad, have developed a large amount of novel high-performance high-abrasive materials.Chinese invention patent CN1039267 discloses a kind of composition and preparation technology thereof of antiwear high-chromium cast iron, the chemical composition (by weight percentage) of this material is: 2.9 ~ 3.2%C, 0.4 ~ 0.8%Si, 0.4 ~ 1.0%Mn, 1.2 ~ 2.0%Mo, 18.0 ~ 20.0%Cr, 4.0 ~ 5.0%V, 0.8 ~ 1.2%Cu, 0.05 ~ 0.5%RE, P < 0.08%, S < 0.05%, all the other are iron.This antiwear high-chromium cast iron, compared with common high-abrasive material, has wear-resistant, good mechanical property, and thermal treatment process is simple, low power consumption and other advantages, is suitable for the wear-resisting spare part making Working environment harshness.But containing the more alloying element such as vanadium, molybdenum in this kind of antifriction cast iron, production cost is high, and easy to crack when also there is high-temperature heat treatment, the fragility of material is large, easily peels off the even deficiency such as cracking in using.In order to improve the toughness of high-chromium white cast iron, Chinese invention patent CN1115339 discloses Cr series white cast iron compound inoculant, while this nucleating agent is selected and has been solidified C, Cr, Fe element of inoculation(effect) to Cr series white cast iron, by adding Si, Mg, RE alloying element, to change second-phase form and distribution, play the metamorphism to metal melt, technique have employed the technological line breeding and be combined with metamorphic facies.Adopt this invention that the ballistic work of Cr series white cast iron can be made to reach 4.5J, make impelling strength improve 60%, fracture toughness property reaches 32MPa.m
1/2, improve 30%, tensile strength reaches 668MPa.But the fragility of this material is still comparatively large, and use under heavy duty, gouging abrasion operating mode, safe reliability is lower.
Peng Shi China richness produces element, and total storage accounts for the 5th, the world.Large quantity research shows, adds appropriate boron in steel, by regulating Boron contents and carbon content in alloy can realize the control to boride percent by volume and base carbon, makes material have excellent wear resistance and obdurability.In white cast iron, add all right refining eutectic carbide of trace B, improve form and the distribution of carbide, improve white cast iron mechanical property.Verified in engineer applied, boron adds in structure iron can replace part or all nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenum etc., and replace 40Cr steel with boron steel in the automotive industry, its work-ing life is not less than chromium steel.Exploitation take boron as the metal wear resistant material of main alloy element, make it have good hardenability and hardening capacity, expensive alloying elements add-on is few, low production cost, and melting technology is simple, plasticity is good, pollution-free, adopt metal melt purification and Metamorphism treatment technique simultaneously, improve boron-containing alloy materials microstructure form, make it have good obdurability and wear resistance, will be with a wide range of applications in high-abrasive material field.Chinese invention patent CN1624180 discloses a kind of high boron foundry iron base anti-wear alloy and heat treating method thereof for this reason, the main chemical compositions (% by weight) of this high boron foundry iron base anti-wear alloy is: 0.15 ~ 0.70%C, 0.3 ~ 1.9%B, 0.4 ~ 0.8%Si, 0.6 ~ 1.3%Mn, 0.3 ~ 0.80%Cr, 0.05 ~ 0.25%Ce, 0.02 ~ 0.10%La, 0.005 ~ 0.018%Ca, 0.04 ~ 0.18%K, 0.08 ~ 0.25%Al, P < 0.04%, S < 0.04%, all the other are Fe.This alloy after heat treatment can obtain the complex tissue that lath martensite adds high rigidity boride composition, make material have good over-all properties, but boride is continuous net-shaped distribution, makes the fragility of material larger.For improving high boron alloy toughness, carry out large quantifier elimination both at home and abroad.Chinese invention patent CN1804091 discloses the toughening method of casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy, the method is: 0.30 ~ 0.35%C, 1.0 ~ 1.5%B, 0.6 ~ 0.8%Si, 0.8 ~ 1.0%Mn, P < 0.04%, S < 0.04%, all the other are Fe, Ti and inevitable impurity element, and wherein Ti is brought into by alterant ferrotianium.Its toughening method is: first by molten steel melting and with after aluminium deoxidation, add alterant ferro-titanium and carry out Metamorphism treatment, pour into a mould after change is skimmed clearly, malleableize thermal treatment is carried out after casting complete, malleableize thermal treatment temp is 1020 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C, soaking time is 2 ~ 3 hours, then carries out quenching or normalizing, last tempering: alterant ferro-titanium consumption is 0.75 ~ 1.0% of casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy.The eutectic boride of the sand mold casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy after patent in isolated shape distribution in the base.Because boride is not become particulate state by this technique, be only large block distribution, the fragility that therefore still there is material is large, and toughness is not too high, is only 12.5J, cannot meet the safe handling under heavy duty, gouging abrasion operating mode.
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) patent No. SUl, 447,926 disclosed a kind of " high strength and high impact toughness height boron alloy manufacture method ", the chemical composition of this high boron alloy is: 0.2 ~ 0.50%C, 2.1 ~ 3.5%B, 0.15 ~ 0.6%Si, 0.25 ~ 0.80%Mn, 0.2 ~ 0.80%Sb, containing more antimony in this alloy composition, will significantly increase the production cost of high boron alloy, and boron-containing quantity is higher, in alloy structure, boride quantity increases, and is unfavorable for the improvement of high boron alloy toughness.
For improving the wear resisting property of rich chromium cast iron, reduce the production cost of rich chromium cast iron, Japanese Patent JP3150334-A, JP93041691-B disclose a kind of boron-containing high-chromium cast iron, its main chemical compositions is: 2.7 ~ 3.5%C, 0.2 ~ 1.0%Si, 0.5 ~ 1.5%Mn, 27 ~ 34%Cr, 0.5 ~ 2.0%Mo, 0.5 ~ 2.0%W ,≤0.1%B, this high boron, high chrome cast iron is after 950 ~ 1100 DEG C of normalizings and 200 ~ 500 DEG C of tempering, hardness reaches more than 62HRC, and shock strength is more than 0.23.Because Boron contents is less, in order to improve hardening capacity, therefore add 0.5 ~ 2.0%Mo in the alloy, and chrome content is higher, adds production cost.
For reducing production cost, improve the performance of rich chromium cast iron, Chinese invention patent CN101260497A discloses boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron and manufacture method thereof, it is characterized in that the chemical composition of boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is for (% by weight): 2.5 ~ 3.5%C, 15 ~ 28%Cr, 0.5 ~ 1.2%Si, 0.5 ~ 1.2%Mn, 0.15 ~ 0.3%B, 0.008 ~ 0.03%Ca, 0, 03 ~ 0.08%Ba, 0.02 ~ 0.05%Sr, 0.03 ~ 0.08%Al, 0.20 ~ 0.50%Ti, 0.02 ~ 0.06%La, 0.02 ~ 0.06%Ce, P < 0.04%, S < 0.04%, all the other are Fe, and 0.05%≤La+Ce≤0.10%, 6.0≤Cr+C≤8.0.The manufacture method of this boron high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is: stove heat fused is put in the mixing of steel scrap, ferrochrome and the pig iron, add after molten iron is melting down ferrosilicon and ferromanganese adjusting component qualified after temperature is risen to 1560 ~ 1600 DEG C, add silicocalcium pre-deoxidation, pre-deoxidation, after 1 ~ 2 minute, adds aluminium final deoxygenation, and final deoxygenation is after 1 ~ 2 minute, add ferrotianium, ferrotianium adds ferro-boron after adding 1 ~ 2 minute, and ferro-boron is come out of the stove after adding 1 ~ 2 minute; Barium silicon alloy, strontium silicon alloy, aluminium, ferrotianium, ferro-boron and mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium are crushed to the fritter that granularity is 4 ~ 10mm, after drying through 150 ~ 180 DEG C, be placed in bottom casting ladle, with pouring method in bag, Metamorphism treatment being carried out to molten iron, then the molten iron temperature after Metamorphism treatment being poured into foundry goods at 1420 ~ 1480 DEG C; Poured into a mould foundry goods is carried out normalizing treatment at 980 ~ 1050 DEG C after insulation in 4 ~ 6 hours, then carries out temper at 250 ~ 500 DEG C, tempering insulation time 8 ~ 10 hours, obtained boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron.Compared with the prior art this invention has the following advantages: 1. adopt cheap boron to replace the expensive alloying element such as molybdenum, nickel, improve the hardening capacity of rich chromium cast iron, reduce rich chromium cast iron production cost 30 ~ 50%.2. the element thinning solidification structures such as mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium, titanium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminium are adopted, alleviate element segregation, improve carbide morphology and distribution, improve intensity and the toughness of boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron, wherein tensile strength is more than 580MPa, and impelling strength is greater than 10J/cm
2, hardness is greater than 62HRC.3. adopt silicon-Ca-alloy For Deoxidation, aluminium final deoxygenation, adopt titanium to fix nitrogen in iron liquid simultaneously, stablize and improve the rate of the receipts of boron, the rate of the receipts of boron is greater than 92%, improves the rate more than 10% that boron receives, make boron-containing high-chromium cast iron stable than usual way.4. this boron-containing high-chromium cast iron has excellent wear resistance, has met or exceeded containing molybdenum, nickel high-chromium white cast iron level.But this boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is due to boron-containing quantity little (0.15 ~ 0.3%), and the boride content in alloy is few, makes its wear resisting property still lower; Due to the carbon content in boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron high (2.5 ~ 3.5%C), make its toughness lower, under heavy duty, large impact wear working condition, use its poor safety performance; Owing to adopting more alloy to carry out Metamorphism treatment, cause Metamorphism treatment complex process, cost increases.
Although boron-containing high-chromium cast iron has good wear resisting property, but boron add the increase causing carbide quantity and boride quantity, by causing the toughness of high-chromium cast iron alloy to reduce, if will toughness be improved, needing to add the expensive alloy element such as molybdenum, nickel, production cost is increased.Therefore, although boron-containing high-chromium cast iron is all studied, because its intensity and toughness are resolved, cause it to fail to obtain extensive promotion and application at home and abroad always.
As everyone knows, the key that material does not damage under the effect of huge local load is the matrix with good toughness.For this reason, in recent years, carry out the research and development of austenite rich chromium cast iron both at home and abroad, achieve good effect.A metastable austenite matrix high-abrasive material distinguishing feature in use has work hardening ability exactly.During this kind of material work, austenitic matrix can bear local assault, and produce certain drawing hardening effect, under larger surging force or frictional force effect, there is viscous deformation in the austenite base high-abrasive material top layer be under metastable state, the austenite in inducing materials surface structure, to martensitic transformation, produces strong work hardening phenomenon, material surface is constantly hardened layer by layer, and hardness ratio is increased sharply before using.According to the difference of impact friction energy size, surface hardness about improves HRC (5 ~ 15) individual unit.Simultaneously because boride particle strengthens the obdurability that high-abrasive material heart portion still keeps austenite structure all, the expansion effect of crackle can be suppressed, reduce boride particle and strengthen breaking and peeling off tendency of high-abrasive material, especially the degree reducing boride, carbide fracture and peel off, drastically increases the anti impact wear-proof ability of alloy.Can say, carbide and austenitic duplex are organized in wear process and support mutually, bring out the best in each other.The material with such microstructure can bear severe working conditions.Under suitable working conditions, its resistance to abrasion can meet or exceed the martensite white cast iron of as-heat-treated condition.
Because metastable austenite plastic deformation ability is better, it is also higher with the bonding strength of carbide interface, simultaneously under shock action, owing to producing work hardening, material surface hardness is improved, thus plays support and protect the effect of carbide.And martensitic matrix due to deformability little, opposing crack propagation ability, when object, in martensite surface, wearing and tearing occurs, material surface regional area, by very large stress, very easily makes crack propagation, to firmly crisp boride and carbide destruction very large.Under effect is cut in impact and cutter, as easy as rolling off a log generation fatigue flake and brittle flaking off cause weight loss to increase, and at this moment need the micro-toughness improving material, the mitigation ability increasing stress raisers just can improve wear resistance.Therefore, under gouging abrasion condition, the wear resistance of martensitic matrix material is not so good as the good of austenitic matrix.
But the metastable state of the austenitic matrix that casting alloy is formed, different from the residual austenite of carbon steel, it will have certain relative stability, and top layer is easy to deformation-induced martensitic transformation when frictional wear.Meanwhile, this alloy also has higher impelling strength.
What is more important, when the austenite structure of high-abrasive material is in metastable state, in process of friction and wear, top layer austenitic matrix produces a large amount of dislocation and fault.Dislocation in different slip system is mutually handed over and is cut, tangles, governs and move each other, thus forms dislocation clustering, formation subgrain boundary dislocation wall.And dislocation clustering district and fault district also α martensite and ε martensitic forming core ground just, under frictional stress effect, top layer metastable austenite brings out (α+ε) martensitic transformation in wear process, thus wear surface is to form α martensite, secondary top layer is to form ε martensite, surface hardness is greatly improved, is far longer than the hardness that common austenite work hardening reaches.And form the negative hardness gradient in a centripetal portion from top layer, enhance the anti impact wear-proof ability of alloy.In addition, because the austenitic matrix in alloy is in metastable state, after surperficial induced phase transition martensitic hardening layer grinds off, austenite below continues induced phase transition martensite and produces under frictional stress effect.From energy point of view, top layer metastable austenite is strain induced martensite phase transformation in wear process, must absorb and consume portion of energy.Like this, in the distortional strain energy just causing wearing and tearing to break, some is consumed in this structural transformation, thus fret wear is reduced, and namely material wear ability improves.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve deficiency of the prior art, propose a kind of imbedding process of composite hammer head, solve the drawback existing for existing bimetal compounding technology and deficiency, and the tup produced is not durable, work-ing life is short, and tup changes frequent and that production cost is high problem.Provide a kind of high with hardness, wear resistance good, and have high-strong toughness, high boride content there is the chromium of high rigidity and the carbide of the chromium hard phase as wear resistant alloy, boride is embedded on the martensitic matrix of high tenacity, acquisition has high-strong toughness, high-wearing feature, low cost bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can be realized by the design of following basic chemical composition and technical scheme, comprises the following steps:
(1) tup and the design of hammer handle material composition:
1. high-boron high-speed steel hammer head material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; 0.4 ~ 0.8%C, 0.7 ~ 2.4%B, 3.0 ~ 5.8%Cr, 0.5 ~ 1.0%Si, 3.5 ~ 5.5%Mn, 0.8 ~ 3.0%Mo, 1.5 ~ 3.5%W, 0.5 ~ 1.5%V, 0.4 ~ 1.4%Cu, 0.40 ~ 1.0%Ti, 0.05 ~ 0.3%Nb, 0.10 ~ 0.25%Ca, 0.06 ~ 0.3%Ce, 0.05 ~ 0.2%Y, 0.04 ~ 0.18%N, 0.12 ~ 0.25%Mg, 0.06 ~ 0.15Ba, 0.04 ~ 0.13%K, S < 0.03%, P < 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. hammer handle material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; Chemical constitution and the massfraction thereof of low-carbon bainite steel are: 0.20 ~ 0.35%C, 2.50 ~ 3.00%Mn, 1.00 ~ 1.70%Si, 0.02 ~ 0.08N, 0.003 ~ 0.010%B, 0.03 ~ 0.07%Nb, 0.010 ~ 0.020%Ba, 0.05 ~ 0.25%ReSiMg, < 0.03%S, < 0.04%P, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element;
Or directly adopt low alloy steel, Alloy Cast Steel material;
Bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof, its manufacturing technology steps is:
(1) boron supplying agent and inoculant manufacture:
By vanadium iron, ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy, be broken into 60 ~ 100 object powder containing nitrogenous ferrochrome, by 60 ~ 100 object BC, BN, B
2o
3, Si
3n
4according to mass percent 0.6 ~ 2.2%B together with alterant element Rare-Earth Ce, Y, 0.40 ~ 0.90%Ti, 0.2 ~ 0.6%V, 0.08 ~ 0.25%Ce, 0.10 ~ 0.25%Ca, 0.05 ~ 0.3%Ce, 0.05 ~ 0.2%Y, 0.04 ~ 0.18%N, mix after 0.04 ~ 0.13%K proportioning, adopt thickness 0.12 ~ 0.25mm soft steel steel band packaging, be rolled into diameter 8 ~ 15mm metal cored wire, or directly load in Low Carbon Steel Pipe;
(2) hammer handle manufacture
First melting hammer handle material in electric furnace, steel scrap is melted in electric furnace, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component reaches designed hammer handle material chemical composition, melt temperature is increased to 1560 ~ 1620 DEG C, adds silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
By ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Ba, Si
3n
4, ReSiMg is broken into the particle of 3 ~ 6mm, be put into the bottom of ladle after being baked to 200 DEG C, pour into melted hammer handle molten steel, then pour in hammer handle casting mold, pour into the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component of desired shape;
(3) moulding:
By the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle cast or directly adopt low alloy steel, Alloy Cast Steel material preforms after clear husky, polishing, treat and first carry out sandblast texturing with hammer tip contact site, its surfaceness is made to reach 250 ~ 350 μm, then embathe with dilute hydrochloric acid, removing surface impurity and oxide skin, and in alcohol rinsed clean, take out seasoning, again at its surface-coated one deck antioxidizing paint, then hammer handle 8 prefabricated component is put hammer tip evaporative pattern, put into sandbox 6 directly moulding; Tup 1 circumferentially direction or rectangular orientation is that vertical configuration is evenly arranged in the molding sand of sandbox 6, sprue 5 and ingate 3 is provided with at the middle part of sandbox 6, pouring cup 4 is provided with on the top of sprue 5, be provided with rising head 2 on the top of tup 1, the sprue 5 in tup 1, rising head 2 and gating system and ingate 3 adopt lost pattern; In the outside of sandbox, Medium frequency induction coil 7 is installed;
(4) hammer head material melting
Steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, ferrotungsten, molybdenum-iron, copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, vanadium iron, aluminium is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560 ~ 1620 DEG C, add silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
(5) boron and rotten inoculation is added
Boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant metal cored wire are passed through feeding wire machine, join according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or by the boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant steel pipe, add to according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or carry out adding boron and rotten inoculation in the molten steel directly adding cast in ladle to;
(6) composite molding is poured into a mould
Start electromagnetic induction heating power supply, by the induction heater being arranged on sandbox outside, surface heating is carried out to the hammer handle in sandbox, to be heated to after 820 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, by smelted and needed for go bad after inoculation the tup molten metal of composite parts pour into sprue and ingate according to predetermined cast program by pouring cup, teeming temperature is 1400 ~ 1500 DEG C; In casting process, electromagnetic induction heater does not stop heating, to being full of whole rising head after molten metal is completely coated by hammer handle, stop cast, induction heater proceeds heating 10 ~ 50 minutes, makes poured into a mould molten metal within the regular hour, keep liquid, to increase the liquid-solid time, interface is made to form metallurgical binding, the bimetal hammerhead compound interface obtained is complete metallurgical binding, then stops heating, after foundry goods cooling in 4 ~ 8 hours, sand mold entirety is hung out, air cooling foundry goods of unpacking;
(7) thermal treatment
Foundry goods is after sand removal, polishing, with < 100 DEG C/h heat-up rate in process furnace, composite hammer head is heated to 920 ~ 980 DEG C, be incubated after 1 ~ 4 hour, to come out of the stove air blast cooling foundry goods, when temperature is down to below 150 DEG C, again foundry goods is entered stove and be heated to 420 ~ 450 DEG C, be incubated 8 ~ 12 hours, stove is chilled to temperature lower than after 120 DEG C, come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature, the bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup that the hammer handle 10 that can obtain low-carbon bainite steel is combined with each other with High Boron Steel wear-resistant hammer head 9.
The composition of described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation coating is that Na2B407, Si02, Na20, K20, A1203, CaO one or more one-tenth are wherein grouped into;
Described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation paint thickness is 1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
Described boron supplying agent is industrial BC, B
2o
3, BN, wherein BC content is 50 ~ 60%, wherein B
2o
3content is 20 ~ 30%, BN content is 10 ~ 20%;
Described B
2o
3boron supplying agent is that industrial borax or boric acid are obtained after dehydration, adopts agent rare earth and ferrosilicon to be directly reduced to B in molten steel;
Described N source is VN, Si
3n
4with containing nitrogenous ferrochrome;
Described inoculant is Rare-Earth Ce, Y, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy.
beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is owing to adopting cheap industrial BC, B
2o
3, to replace ferro-boron be boron source to BN, the fluctuation of the add-on deviation of boron is little, and the addition of boron-containing alloy when decreasing smelting molten steel, improves the rate of the receipts of boron; Boron is added owing to adopting wire injection procedure or intubate technique; make each tiny boron source particle can obtain adequately protecting of titanium and inoculant, decrease the oxidation of boron in molten steel, the little rate of recovery of loss of boron is high; the rate of recovery of boron is stabilized in more than 93%, reduces cost.
2, the present invention is in order to simplify composite hammer head forming technology, in Double-metal composite hammer covering and casting, overall induction heating composite casting technology in employing type, this technique tool has the following advantages: 1. hammer handle adopts In-mold induction heating, and heating is convenient, speed is fast, heating efficiency is high, and heat-up time easily controls, and surface temperature change is little, and not oxidizable, be conducive to the metallurgical binding at interface; 2. due to the effect of electromagnetic force, add the flushing time of liquid metal to solid hammer handle surface, the matter and energy facilitated between the two exchanges, improve atomic diffusion energy, exchange probability between the atoms metal enhancing molten metal and solid skin, thus substantially increase the metallurgical binding at interface; 3. molten metal is under the stirring action of electromagnetic force, enhances mobility, makes molten metal in the rapid solidification layer remelting of solid surface, and has broken dendrite end, crystal grain thinning, make whole hammer tip homogeneous microstructure.4. the heating of whole process hammer handle is directly carried out in type, need not move around after the heating and locate, and ensure that accurate positioning and the dimensional precision of workpiece, without the need to moving around and locating, improves production efficiency, and work situation is better simultaneously.
3, the hammer handle of composite hammer head of the present invention adopts the low-carbon bainite steel that obdurability is good, by by carbon content control 0.18 ~ 0.24%, Fe content controls 2.50 ~ 3.00%, silicone content controls 1.00 ~ 1.70%, by adding the Rare-Earth Ce of trace, Y element refinement cast steel crystal grain, constrained tree dendritic segregation, improve the mechanical property of material, add micro-Nb and N element crystal grain thinning, improve intensity and the toughness of steel, add the hardening capacity that trace B improves steel, and the formation of bainite can be promoted, trace Ca and Ba adds, can reduce and add foreign material in steel, and improve inclusion morphology and distribution, be conducive to the intensity and the toughness that improve steel.Therefore, low-carbon bainite steel hardness of cast form of the present invention is low, is less than 22HRC, is conducive to sandblast texturing operation subsequently.
4, the hammer tip of composite hammer head of the present invention adopts the high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel that wear resistance is good, principal element in high-boron high-speed steel is boron, boron and iron chemical combination, the Fe2B phase of high rigidity can be obtained, be conducive to improving Wear Resistance, add the chromium of 18.0 ~ 26.0%, chromium is utilized to form high rigidity chromium containing carbide on the one hand, on the other hand, to improve alloy hardening capacity, the anti-oxidant scaling loss effect added when being also improved material at high temperature quenching of chromium, add the manganese of 3.6 ~ 5.5%, while raising alloy hardening capacity, metastable austenite tissue can be formed, improve the obdurability of tup, increase safety performance, add the austenite structure that copper can increase alloy, carry heavy alloyed hardness and ductility, add aluminium, carbide and boride suspension can be impelled and isolate distribution, thus reduce alloy fragility, add Ti, V and Ce, except crystal grain thinning, titanium and boron combine, generate high rigidity TiB2, VB2 and VC particle, be conducive to improving Wear Resistance further.
5, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention, by adding austenitizing alloying element manganese in the base, it is made to form boracic metastable austenite matrix, formation Cast Austenite tissue, by adopting micro-Metamorphism treatment to make in iron-boron alloy the nodularization of boride group, make in Fe-Cr-B alloy structure original in continuously, the boride M of net distribution
2b changes that isolated group is spherical to be evenly distributed on matrix into, thus significantly improves the impelling strength of material.Under gouging abrasion condition, austenite structure produces a large amount of dislocation, fault and strain induced martensite phase transformation because of friction deformation, hardness is sharply raised and wear-resistant.And the austenite on secondary top layer is easily deformable, thus slow down the emergence and development of fatigue cracking, the degree especially reducing boride, carbide fracture and peel off.Boride, carbide and austenitic duplex are organized in wear process support mutually, bring out the best in each other, thus make its level reaching high hardness material and maintain the integrated performance index of sufficiently high obdurability and high impact-resistant wear resistance, antiscour corrosive nature, thus realize its industrial applications in HI high impact wear working condition inferior high reliability wearing and tearing field.
6, in order to improve the composite quality of hammer handle and hammer tip further, before the cast of high-boron high-speed steel liquation, by the antioxidizing paint at its surface-coated one deck 1.0 ~ 1.5mm, at the cast initial stage, low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component can be wrapped up, reduce degree of oxidation, decompose after antioxidizing paint melted by heat simultaneously, the oxide film of reaction product B2O3 solubilized hammer handle preform surfaces, purify its surface, improve its wetting ability.Through activation treatment hammer handle prefabricated component when casting mold not thermal pretreatment, be combined well with hammer tip high-boron wear-resistant alloy.
7, high-boron high-speed steel of the present invention passes through invented thermal treatment process, can guarantee that tup obtains the martensite of high rigidity, and hammer handle obtains the good bainite structure of obdurability.After high tempering, composite hammer head tissue can be stablized, eliminate internal stress, guarantee the safe handling of composite hammer head.
8, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention replaces the alloys such as expensive nickel owing to adopting cheap boron, and comparable rich chromium cast iron reduces production cost 30 ~ 50%, has lower production cost; And there is good Resisting fractre toughness, thermal fatigue resistance and thermal shock resistance.
9, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention is low due to carbon content in matrix, thus has higher cold & heat fatigue resisting, Resisting fractre toughness and thermal shock resistance, can meet the requirement of hotwork operating mode to moulding stock.
10, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention is due to containing a large amount of high rigidity borides, except improving hardening capacity, significantly can improve wear resisting property, and comparable high-chromium white cast iron improves 30 ~ 50%.
11, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention is due to containing a large amount of chromium, has good antioxidant property, corrosion resistance nature.
12, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention can adopt common electrosmelting, raw material choose ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, copper coin, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferro-boron direct production, pour method composite inoculating inoculation in employing ferrotianium, cerium-based rare earth and nitrogenous substances and basic metal potassium wrap.Boride in alloy after Metamorphism treatment is evenly distributed on the good martensitic matrix of obdurability in isolated group is spherical, impelling strength is significantly improved, impelling strength ak reaches 10 ~ 12J/cm2, and before Metamorphism treatment, improve about 30%, production technique is easy.
13, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention has good mobility and is cast as performance, and foundry goods is not easily stained with sand, and dead head is easy to cleaning, directly can be cast as the product of different shape.
14, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention can be heat-treated under temperature within the scope of 920 ~ 980 DEG C, it is made to harden to form metastable austenite, then air cooling sclerosis is adopted, to form martensitic stucture in alloy substrate, can by different tempering process, make alloy hardening after hardness reach HRC50 ~ 65, changes in hardness scope is large, can meet the service requirements of different operating mode, thermal treatment process is simple, with low cost.
15, bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup of the present invention, the intensity of hammer handle is high (tensile strength is more than 1200MPa), good toughness (impelling strength is greater than 60J/cm2), tup end hardness high (hardness is greater than 62HRC), hammer handle and hammer tip, in conjunction with firm, can guarantee the safe handling of composite hammer head; Make improve more than 4 times than high mangaenese steel tup the work-ing life of composite hammer head.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup composite casting wiring layout of the present invention, and wherein 1 is tup, and 2 is rising head, and 3 is ingate, and 4 is pouring cup, and 5 is sprue, and 6 is sandbox, and 7 is frequency ruhmkorff coil, and 8 is hammer handle.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup composite casting wiring layout 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel hammehead structure figure of the present invention, and wherein 1 is tup, and 8 is hammer handle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) tup and the design of hammer handle material composition:
1. high-boron high-speed steel hammer head material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; 0.45%C, 0.9%B, 3.8%Cr, 0.5%Si, 3.8%Mn, 0.8%Mo, 1.5%W, 0.5%V, 0.4%Cu, 0.40%Ti, 0.05%Nb, 0.10%Ca, 0.06%Ce, 0.05%Y, 0.04%N, 0.12%Mg, 0.06Ba, 0.04%K, S < 0.03%, P < 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. hammer handle material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; Chemical constitution and the massfraction thereof of low-carbon bainite steel are: 0.20%C, 2.50%Mn, 1.00%Si, 0.02N, 0.005%B, 0.03%Nb, 0.010%Ba, 0.05%ReSiMg, < 0.03%S, < 0.04%P, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Manufacturing technology steps is:
(1) boron supplying agent and inoculant manufacture:
By vanadium iron, ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy, be broken into 60 ~ 100 object powder containing nitrogenous ferrochrome, by 60 ~ 100 object BC, BN, B
2o
3, Si
3n
4according to mass percent 0.9%B, 0.2%V, 0.40%Ti together with alterant element Rare-Earth Ce, Y, 0.05%Nb, 0.10%Ca, 0.06%Ce, 0.05%Y, 0.04%N, 0.12%Mg, 0.06Ba, 0.04%K, mixes after proportioning, adopts thickness 0.12mm soft steel steel band packaging, be rolled into diameter 10mm metal cored wire, or directly load in Low Carbon Steel Pipe;
(2) hammer handle manufacture
First melting hammer handle material in electric furnace, steel scrap is melted in electric furnace, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component reaches designed hammer handle material chemical composition, melt temperature is increased to 1580 DEG C, adds silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
By ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Ba, Si
3n
4, ReSiMg is broken into the particle of 3 ~ 6mm, be put into the bottom of ladle after being baked to 200 DEG C, pour into melted hammer handle molten steel, then pour in hammer handle casting mold, pour into the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component of desired shape;
(3) moulding:
By the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component cast after clear husky, polishing, treat and first carry out sandblast texturing with hammer tip contact site, its surfaceness is made to reach 250 ~ 350 μm, then embathe with dilute hydrochloric acid, removing surface impurity and oxide skin, and in alcohol rinsed clean, take out seasoning, again at its surface-coated one deck antioxidizing paint, then hammer handle 8 prefabricated component is put hammer tip evaporative pattern, put into sandbox 6 directly moulding; Tup 1 circumferentially direction or rectangular orientation is that vertical configuration is evenly arranged in the molding sand of sandbox 6, sprue 5 and ingate 3 is provided with at the middle part of sandbox 6, pouring cup 4 is provided with on the top of sprue 5, be provided with rising head 2 on the top of tup 1, the sprue 5 in tup 1, rising head 2 and gating system and ingate 3 adopt lost pattern; In the outside of sandbox, Medium frequency induction coil 7 is installed;
(4) hammer head material melting
Steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, after molten steel is melting down, adds ferrotungsten, molybdenum-iron, copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, vanadium iron, aluminium, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1580 DEG C, adds silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
(5) boron and rotten inoculation is added
Boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant metal cored wire are passed through feeding wire machine, join according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or by the boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant steel pipe, add to according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or carry out adding boron and rotten inoculation in the molten steel directly adding cast in ladle to;
(6) composite molding is poured into a mould
Start electromagnetic induction heating power supply, by the induction heater being arranged on sandbox outside, surface heating is carried out to the hammer handle in sandbox, to be heated to after 820 DEG C, by smelted and needed for go bad after inoculation the tup molten metal of composite parts pour into sprue and ingate according to predetermined cast program by pouring cup, teeming temperature is 1430 DEG C; In casting process, electromagnetic induction heater does not stop heating, to being full of whole rising head after molten metal is completely coated by hammer handle, stop cast, induction heater proceeds heating 10 minutes, makes poured into a mould molten metal within the regular hour, keep liquid, to increase the liquid-solid time, interface is made to form metallurgical binding, the bimetal hammerhead compound interface obtained is complete metallurgical binding, then stops heating, after foundry goods cooling in 4 hours, sand mold entirety is hung out, air cooling foundry goods of unpacking;
(7) thermal treatment
Foundry goods is after sand removal, polishing, with < 100 DEG C/h heat-up rate in process furnace, composite hammer head is heated to 940 DEG C, is incubated after 2 hours, air blast cooling foundry goods of coming out of the stove, when temperature is down to below 150 DEG C, again foundry goods is entered stove and be heated to 420 DEG C, be incubated 12 hours, stove is chilled to temperature lower than after 120 DEG C, come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature, the bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup that the hammer handle 10 that can obtain low-carbon bainite steel is combined with each other with High Boron Steel wear-resistant hammer head 9.
The composition of described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation coating is that Na2B407, Si02, Na20, K20, A1203, CaO one or more one-tenth are wherein grouped into;
Described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation paint thickness is 1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
Described boron supplying agent is industrial BC, B
2o
3, BN, wherein BC content is 55%, wherein B
2o
3content is 25%, BN content is 20%;
Described B
2o
3boron supplying agent is that industrial borax or boric acid are obtained after dehydration, adopts agent rare earth and ferrosilicon to be directly reduced to B in molten steel;
Described N source is VN, Si
3n
4with containing nitrogenous ferrochrome;
Described inoculant is Rare-Earth Ce, Y, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy.
Embodiment 2
The present invention can be realized by the design of following basic chemical composition and technical scheme, comprises the following steps:
(1) high-boron high-speed steel tup and the design of hammer handle material composition:
1. high-boron high-speed steel hammer head material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; 0.6%C, 1.5%B, 4.5%Cr, 0.8%Si, 4.5%Mn, 2.0%Mo, 2.5%W, 1.0%V, 0.90%Cu, 0.80%Ti, 0.15%Nb, 0.15%Ca, 0.20%Ce, 0.15%Y, 0.10%N, 0.20%Mg, 0.08Ba, 0.10K, S < 0.03%, P < 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. hammer handle material directly adopts low alloy steel.
Manufacturing technology steps is:
(1) boron supplying agent and inoculant manufacture:
By vanadium iron, ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy, be broken into 60 ~ 100 object powder containing nitrogenous ferrochrome, by 60 ~ 100 object BC, BN, B
2o
3, Si
3n
4according to mass percent 1.50%B, 0.30%V, 0.80%Ti together with alterant element Rare-Earth Ce, Y, 0.15%Nb, 0.15%Ca, 0.20%Ce, 0.15%Y, 0.10%N, 0.20%Mg, 0.08Ba, mix after 0.10K proportioning, adopt thickness 0.12 ~ 0.25mm soft steel steel band packaging, be rolled into diameter 8 ~ 15mm metal cored wire, or directly load in Low Carbon Steel Pipe;
(2) moulding:
By the low alloy steel hammer handle prefabricated component that manufactured after clear husky, polishing, treat and first carry out sandblast texturing with hammer tip contact site, its surfaceness is made to reach 250 ~ 350 μm, then embathe with dilute hydrochloric acid, removing surface impurity and oxide skin, and in alcohol rinsed clean, take out seasoning, again at its surface-coated one deck antioxidizing paint, then hammer handle 8 prefabricated component is put hammer tip evaporative pattern, put into sandbox 6 directly moulding; Tup 1 circumferentially direction or rectangular orientation is that vertical configuration is evenly arranged in the molding sand of sandbox 6, sprue 5 and ingate 3 is provided with at the middle part of sandbox 6, pouring cup 4 is provided with on the top of sprue 5, be provided with rising head 2 on the top of tup 1, the sprue 5 in tup 1, rising head 2 and gating system and ingate 3 adopt lost pattern; In the outside of sandbox, Medium frequency induction coil 7 is installed;
(3) hammer head material melting
Steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, ferrotungsten, molybdenum-iron, copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, vanadium iron, aluminium is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560 ~ 1620 DEG C, add silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
(4) boron and rotten inoculation is added
Boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant metal cored wire are passed through feeding wire machine, join according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or by the boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant steel pipe, add to according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or carry out adding boron and rotten inoculation in the molten steel directly adding cast in ladle to;
(5) composite molding is poured into a mould
Start electromagnetic induction heating power supply, by the induction heater being arranged on sandbox outside, surface heating is carried out to the hammer handle in sandbox, to be heated to after 920 DEG C, by smelted and needed for go bad after inoculation the tup molten metal of composite parts pour into sprue and ingate according to predetermined cast program by pouring cup, teeming temperature is 1480 DEG C; In casting process, electromagnetic induction heater does not stop heating, to being full of whole rising head after molten metal is completely coated by hammer handle, stop cast, induction heater proceeds heating 25 minutes, makes poured into a mould molten metal within the regular hour, keep liquid, to increase the liquid-solid time, interface is made to form metallurgical binding, the bimetal hammerhead compound interface obtained is complete metallurgical binding, then stops heating, after foundry goods cooling in 6 hours, sand mold entirety is hung out, air cooling foundry goods of unpacking;
(6) thermal treatment
Foundry goods is after sand removal, polishing, with < 100 DEG C/h heat-up rate in process furnace, composite hammer head is heated to 960 DEG C, be incubated after 2.6 hours, to come out of the stove air blast cooling foundry goods, when temperature is down to below 150 DEG C, again foundry goods is entered stove and be heated to 435 DEG C, be incubated 10 hours, stove is chilled to temperature lower than after 120 DEG C, come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature, the bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup that the hammer handle 10 that can obtain low-carbon bainite steel is combined with each other with High Boron Steel wear-resistant hammer head 9.
The composition of described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation coating is that Na2B407, Si02, Na20, K20, A1203, CaO one or more one-tenth are wherein grouped into;
Described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation paint thickness is 1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
Described boron supplying agent is industrial BC, B
2o
3, BN, wherein BC content is 50%, wherein B
2o
3content is 30%, BN content is 10%;
Described B
2o
3boron supplying agent is that industrial borax or boric acid are obtained after dehydration, adopts agent rare earth and ferrosilicon to be directly reduced to B in molten steel;
Described N source is VN, Si
3n
4with containing nitrogenous ferrochrome;
Described inoculant is Rare-Earth Ce, Y, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy.
Embodiment 3
The present invention can be realized by the design of following basic chemical composition and technical scheme, comprises the following steps:
(1) high-boron high-speed steel tup and the design of hammer handle material composition:
1. hammer head material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; 0.8%C, 2.4%B, 5.2%Cr, 1.0%Si, 5.5%Mn, 3.0%Mo, 3.5%W, 1.5%V, 1.4%Cu, 1.0%Ti, 0.3%Nb, 0.25%Ca, 0.3%Ce, 0.2%Y, 0.18%N, 0.25%Mg, 0.15Ba, 0.13%K, S < 0.03%, P < 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. hammer handle material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; Chemical constitution and the massfraction thereof of low-carbon bainite steel are: 0.35%C, 3.00%Mn, 1.70%Si, 0.08N, 0.010%B, 0.07%Nb, 0.020%Ba, 0.25%ReSiMg, < 0.03%S, < 0.04%P, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Manufacturing technology steps is:
(1) boron supplying agent and inoculant manufacture:
By vanadium iron, ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy, be broken into 60 ~ 100 object powder containing nitrogenous ferrochrome, by 60 ~ 100 object BC, BN, B
2o
3, Si
3n
4according to mass percent 2.4%B, 0.4%V, 1.0%Ti together with alterant element Rare-Earth Ce, Y, 0.3%Nb, 0.25%Ca, 0.3%Ce, 0.2%Y, 0.18%N, 0.25%Mg, 0.15Ba, mix after 0.13%K proportioning, adopt thickness 0.12 ~ 0.25mm soft steel steel band packaging, be rolled into diameter 8 ~ 15mm metal cored wire, or directly load in Low Carbon Steel Pipe;
(2) hammer handle manufacture
First melting hammer handle material in electric furnace, steel scrap is melted in electric furnace, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component reaches designed hammer handle material chemical composition, melt temperature is increased to 1620 DEG C, adds silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
By ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Ba, Si
3n
4, ReSiMg is broken into the particle of 3 ~ 6mm, be put into the bottom of ladle after being baked to 200 DEG C, pour into melted hammer handle molten steel, then pour in hammer handle casting mold, pour into the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component of desired shape;
(3) moulding:
By the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component cast after clear husky, polishing, treat and first carry out sandblast texturing with hammer tip contact site, its surfaceness is made to reach 250 ~ 350 μm, then embathe with dilute hydrochloric acid, removing surface impurity and oxide skin, and in alcohol rinsed clean, take out seasoning, again at its surface-coated one deck antioxidizing paint, then hammer handle 8 prefabricated component is put hammer tip evaporative pattern, put into sandbox 6 directly moulding; Tup 1 circumferentially direction or rectangular orientation is that vertical configuration is evenly arranged in the molding sand of sandbox 6, sprue 5 and ingate 3 is provided with at the middle part of sandbox 6, pouring cup 4 is provided with on the top of sprue 5, be provided with rising head 2 on the top of tup 1, the sprue 5 in tup 1, rising head 2 and gating system and ingate 3 adopt lost pattern; In the outside of sandbox, Medium frequency induction coil 7 is installed;
(4) hammer head material melting
Steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, ferrotungsten, molybdenum-iron, copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, vanadium iron, aluminium is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560 ~ 1620 DEG C, add silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
(5) boron and rotten inoculation is added
Boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant metal cored wire are passed through feeding wire machine, join according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or by the boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant steel pipe, add to according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or carry out adding boron and rotten inoculation in the molten steel directly adding cast in ladle to;
(6) composite molding is poured into a mould
Start electromagnetic induction heating power supply, by the induction heater being arranged on sandbox outside, surface heating is carried out to the hammer handle in sandbox, to be heated to after 980 DEG C, by smelted and needed for go bad after inoculation the tup molten metal of composite parts pour into sprue and ingate according to predetermined cast program by pouring cup, teeming temperature is 1500 DEG C; In casting process, electromagnetic induction heater does not stop heating, to being full of whole rising head after molten metal is completely coated by hammer handle, stop cast, induction heater proceeds heating 30 minutes, makes poured into a mould molten metal within the regular hour, keep liquid, to increase the liquid-solid time, interface is made to form metallurgical binding, the bimetal hammerhead compound interface obtained is complete metallurgical binding, then stops heating, after foundry goods cooling in 8 hours, sand mold entirety is hung out, air cooling foundry goods of unpacking;
(7) thermal treatment
Foundry goods is after sand removal, polishing, with < 100 DEG C/h heat-up rate in process furnace, composite hammer head is heated to 980 DEG C, be incubated after 4 hours, to come out of the stove air blast cooling foundry goods, when temperature is down to below 150 DEG C, again foundry goods is entered stove and be heated to 450 DEG C, be incubated 12 hours, stove is chilled to temperature lower than after 120 DEG C, come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature, the bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel wear-resistant hammer head that the hammer handle 10 that can obtain low-carbon bainite steel is combined with each other with High Boron Steel wear-resistant hammer head 9.
The composition of described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation coating is that Na2B407, Si02, Na20, K20, A1203, CaO one or more one-tenth are wherein grouped into;
Described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation paint thickness is 1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
Described boron supplying agent is industrial BC, B
2o
3, BN, wherein BC content is 50 ~ 60%, wherein B
2o
3content is 20 ~ 30%, BN content is 10 ~ 20%;
Described B
2o
3boron supplying agent is that industrial borax or boric acid are obtained after dehydration, adopts agent rare earth and ferrosilicon to be directly reduced to B in molten steel;
Described N source is VN, Si
3n
4with containing nitrogenous ferrochrome;
Described inoculant is Rare-Earth Ce, Y, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy.
Claims (4)
1. a bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup, is characterized in that the chemical composition of affiliated steel alloy and weight percent thereof are:
1. high-boron high-speed steel hammer head material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; 0.4 ~ 0.8%C, 0.7 ~ 2.4%B, 3.0 ~ 5.8%Cr, 0.5 ~ 1.0%Si, 3.5 ~ 5.5%Mn, 0.8 ~ 3.0%Mo, 1.5 ~ 3.5%W, 0.5 ~ 1.5%V, 0.4 ~ 1.4%Cu, 0.40 ~ 1.0%Ti, 0.05 ~ 0.3%Nb, 0.10 ~ 0.25%Ca, 0.06 ~ 0.3%Ce, 0.05 ~ 0.2%Y, 0.04 ~ 0.18%N, 0.12 ~ 0.25%Mg, 0.06 ~ 0.15Ba, 0.04 ~ 0.13%K, S < 0.03%, P < 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element;
2. hammer handle material chemical composition and mass percent thereof are; Chemical constitution and the massfraction thereof of low-carbon bainite steel are: 0.20 ~ 0.35%C, 2.50 ~ 3.00%Mn, 1.00 ~ 1.70%Si, 0.02 ~ 0.08N, 0.003 ~ 0.010%B, 0.03 ~ 0.07%Nb, 0.010 ~ 0.020%Ba, 0.05 ~ 0.25%ReSiMg, < 0.03%S, < 0.04%P, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. prepare a preparation method for bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise following processing step:
(1) boron supplying agent and inoculant manufacture:
By vanadium iron, ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy, be broken into 60 ~ 100 object powder containing nitrogenous ferrochrome, by 60 ~ 100 object BC, BN, B
2o
3, Si
3n
4according to mass percent 0.7 ~ 2.4%B, 0.1 ~ 0.3%V, 0.40 ~ 1.0%Ti together with alterant element Rare-Earth Ce, Y, 0.05 ~ 0.3%Nb, 0.10 ~ 0.25%Ca, 0.06 ~ 0.3%Ce, 0.05 ~ 0.2%Y, 0.04 ~ 0.18%N, 0.12 ~ 0.25%Mg, 0.06 ~ 0.15Ba, 0.04 ~ 0.13%K, mixes after proportioning, adopts thickness 0.12 ~ 0.25mm soft steel steel band packaging, be rolled into diameter 8 ~ 15mm metal cored wire, or directly load in Low Carbon Steel Pipe;
(2) hammer handle manufacture
First melting hammer handle material in electric furnace, steel scrap is melted in electric furnace, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component reaches designed hammer handle material chemical composition, melt temperature is increased to 1560 ~ 1620 DEG C, adds silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
By ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Ba, Si
3n
4, ReSiMg is broken into the particle of 3 ~ 6mm, be put into the bottom of ladle after being baked to 200 DEG C, pour into melted hammer handle molten steel, then pour in hammer handle casting mold, pour into the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component of desired shape;
(3) moulding:
By the low-carbon bainite steel hammer handle prefabricated component cast after clear husky, polishing, treat and first carry out sandblast texturing with hammer tip contact site, its surfaceness is made to reach 250 ~ 350 μm, then embathe with dilute hydrochloric acid, removing surface impurity and oxide skin, and in alcohol rinsed clean, take out seasoning, again at its surface-coated one deck antioxidizing paint, then hammer handle 8 prefabricated component is put hammer tip evaporative pattern, put into sandbox 6 directly moulding; Tup 1 circumferentially direction or rectangular orientation is that vertical configuration is evenly arranged in the molding sand of sandbox 6, sprue 5 and ingate 3 is provided with at the middle part of sandbox 6, pouring cup 4 is provided with on the top of sprue 5, be provided with rising head 2 on the top of tup 1, the sprue 5 in tup 1, rising head 2 and gating system and ingate 3 adopt lost pattern; In the outside of sandbox, Medium frequency induction coil 7 is installed;
(4) hammer head material melting
Steel scrap, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, ferrotungsten, molybdenum-iron, copper coin, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, vanadium iron, aluminium is added after molten steel is melting down, control carbon content and reach requirement, after stokehold adjusting component is qualified, melt temperature is increased to 1560 ~ 1620 DEG C, add silicocalcium and carry out pre-deoxidation, add aluminium final deoxygenation;
(5) boron and rotten inoculation is added
Boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant metal cored wire are passed through feeding wire machine, join according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or by the boron supplying agent manufactured by (1) and inoculant steel pipe, add to according to required mass percentage content in the molten steel smelted and add boron and rotten inoculation, or carry out adding boron and rotten inoculation in the molten steel directly adding cast in ladle to;
(6) composite molding is poured into a mould
Start electromagnetic induction heating power supply, by the induction heater being arranged on sandbox outside, surface heating is carried out to the hammer handle in sandbox, to be heated to after 820 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, by smelted and needed for go bad after inoculation the tup molten metal of composite parts pour into sprue and ingate according to predetermined cast program by pouring cup, teeming temperature is 1400 ~ 1500 DEG C; In casting process, electromagnetic induction heater does not stop heating, to being full of whole rising head after molten metal is completely coated by hammer handle, stop cast, induction heater proceeds heating 10 ~ 50 minutes, makes poured into a mould molten metal within the regular hour, keep liquid, to increase the liquid-solid time, interface is made to form metallurgical binding, the bimetal hammerhead compound interface obtained is complete metallurgical binding, then stops heating, after foundry goods cooling in 4 ~ 8 hours, sand mold entirety is hung out, air cooling foundry goods of unpacking;
(7) thermal treatment
Foundry goods is after sand removal, polishing, with < 100 DEG C/h heat-up rate in process furnace, composite hammer head is heated to 920 ~ 980 DEG C, be incubated after 1 ~ 4 hour, to come out of the stove air blast cooling foundry goods, when temperature is down to below 150 DEG C, again foundry goods is entered stove and be heated to 420 ~ 450 DEG C, be incubated 8 ~ 12 hours, stove is chilled to temperature lower than after 120 DEG C, come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature, the bimetal compound high tenacity High Boron Steel wear-resistant hammer head that the hammer handle 10 that can obtain low-carbon bainite steel is combined with each other with High Boron Steel wear-resistant hammer head 9.
3. the composition of hammer handle surface anti-oxidation coating described in is that Na2B407, Si02, Na20, K20, A1203, CaO one or more one-tenth are wherein grouped into;
Described hammer handle surface anti-oxidation paint thickness is 1.0 ~ 1.5mm;
Described boron supplying agent is industrial BC, B
2o
3, BN, wherein BC content is 50 ~ 60%, wherein B
2o
3content is 20 ~ 30%, BN content is 10 ~ 20%;
Described B
2o
3boron supplying agent is that industrial borax or boric acid are obtained after dehydration, adopts agent rare earth and ferrosilicon to be directly reduced to B in molten steel;
Described N source is VN, Si
3n
4with containing nitrogenous ferrochrome;
Described inoculant is Rare-Earth Ce, Y, potassium oxide, calsibar alloy.
4. prepare a bimetal compound high tenacity high-boron high-speed steel tup as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: hammer handle material is or directly adopts low alloy steel, Alloy Cast Steel material.
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| CN111331105A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-26 | 安徽澳新工具有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-speed steel hammer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111468703A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-31 | 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 | Casting method of double-liquid composite hammer head |
| CN111957892A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 华中科技大学 | Heat treatment method of aluminum/magnesium bimetal for lost foam casting and product |
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