CN105296861A - Surface-graphene-reinforced novel engine valve material - Google Patents
Surface-graphene-reinforced novel engine valve material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface-graphene-reinforced novel engine inlet valve material and a preparing method thereof. The novel engine inlet valve material is prepared from, by weight percentage, 0.32% to 0.40% of C, 0.17% to 0.37% of Si, 2.5% to 3.5% of Mo, 0.50% to 0.80% of Mn, 0.80% to 1.10% of Cr, 0.50% to 1.0% of W, smaller than or equal to 0.013% of Ni, smaller than or equal to 0.015% of P, smaller than or equal to 0.015% of S, smaller than or equal to 0.010% of Cu and the balance Fe. The inlet valve material is prepared through the processes including smelting, forging, amorphous alloy welding, graphene deposition and the like. The valve material is high in surface hardness, good in abrasion resistance and long in service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of new, particularly relate to a kind of engine intake door material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Current engine is generally provided with multiple valve.Commonly each cylinder arrangement has 4 valves, and the engine one of 4 cylinders has 16 valves.Engine is the core component of locomotive, and valve is one of vital part of engine.Valve is used to the direct part opening or closing inlet and outlet road, its work under bad environment, high to the performance requriements of material.Valve is divided into inlet valve and blast gate, air is entered in engine cylinder by inlet valve and burns with fuel mix, burning after produce waste gas discharge cylinder by blast gate, thus realize fresh air enter cylinder combustion produce vehicle travel power and scavenge.Among this process, the thermal energy of fuel combustion is mechanical energy.Head portion that temperature is very high, but also bears the pressure of gas, the reactive force of valve spring and transmission component mass force, and its lubrication, cooling conditions are poor, require that valve must have some strength, rigidity, heat-resisting and wear resisting property.Inlet valve generally adopts steel alloy (chromium steel, steel nickel chrome), and blast gate adopts refractory alloy (silicon chrome steel).Sometimes in order to economize refractory alloy, then both are welded by blast gate head refractory alloy, and bar portion chromium steel.
The work characteristics of engine requires that inlet valve will possess the feature such as abrasion-resistant, high temperature resistant, antifatigue, high tenacity, and the performance of valve material directly has influence on the performance of engine.High commercial due to this technology is worth and trade secret highly, and the relevant report in valve material and complete processing thereof is few.Valve material domestic at present have 40Cr, 4Cr9Si2,4Cr10Si2Mo, 21-4N and 23-8N etc. a few.But the current service life of China is still not as good as 1/3rd of Foreign Advanced Lerel.
Patent of invention CN102493853A proposes and adopts TiAl base intermetallic compound as valve material.This material can be greatly improved in high temperature resistant, but its toughness does not still reach the standard of industrial application, and there is expensive problem.
Patent of invention CN101838807A provides a kind of engine inlet and outlet door laser cladding coating material and coating thereof.This laser cladding coating material is made up of the chemical composition of following mass percent: Ni:15 ~ 30%; C:0.5 ~ 2.0%; Si:2.5 ~ 4.0%; Fe:5 ~ 15%; W:3.5 ~ 6.5%; Cr:12 ~ 20%; Nanometer Al:0.15 ~ 0.40%; Y2O3:0.5 ~ 2.0%; Surplus is Co.Improve the surface hardness of engine inlet and outlet door, there is very strong wear resistance, make engine inlet and outlet door to be suitable for high temperature.
Patent of invention CN103627956A discloses the manufacture method of a kind of engine high-wear resistance inlet valve material and this valve.The alloy component range adopted is:: C:0.32 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.17 ~ 0.27%; Mo:0.5 ~ 1.2%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Nb:0.2 ~ 0.5%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015; Cu :≤0.010%; Clout is Fe.This valve forms through processes such as making Nano surface, low temperature nitriding, built-up welding tungsten zirconium alloys.
Patent of invention CN103627961A discloses a kind of inlet valve, and the alloying constituent weight percent that inlet valve adopts is: C:0.32 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.17 ~ 0.37%; Mo:2.5 ~ 3.5%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Surplus to be purity be 99.8% Fe.This valve forms through processes such as making Nano surface, low temperature nitriding, built-up welding tungsten zirconium alloys.This valve can high temperature long service more than 500 DEG C, but when the performance boost of engine, when requiring the temperature military service of valve more than 550 DEG C, this material is just not competent.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the inlet valve material and preparation method thereof of this kind of moderate cost, resistance to elevated temperatures is excellent, work-ing life is longer excellent combination property.
Technical scheme: for realizing technique scheme, the invention provides a kind of inlet valve, and the matrix material ingredients of described inlet valve is: C:0.30 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Mo:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Ce:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Nb:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Cu:0.05 ~ 0.1%.Surplus is the Fe that purity is greater than 99.8%, and to be the impurity weight percent content in the Fe of 99.8% be described purity: Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015%.It is characterized in that, the conical surface of valve has amorphous alloy layer, thickness 200-500 micron, and there is graphene layer on the surface of valve, thickness 50-500 nanometer.
Relative to the material that patent CN103627956A uses, present invention reduces the content of Mo, Si, add Cu, Nb element.Reduce the cost that Mo content can reduce product, increase micro-Nb element, under the prerequisite significantly not increasing cost, effectively can put forward the intensity under heavy alloyed resistance to elevated temperatures and high temperature, increase the Cu element of trace, greatly can improve the welding property of alloy.And adopt high-strength, high rigidity, high-wear resistance amorphous, substantially increase the performance of material.
In addition, present invention employs Graphene coating, enhance the high temperature resistance impact capacity of valve, resistance of oxidation, wear resisting property and surface strength.Thus make the life-time service temperature of valve rise to more than 550 DEG C from 500 DEG C.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned inlet valve, comprises following processing step:
(1) prepare batching according to alloy component range, alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, melting 2 ~ 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is greater than 70%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800-850 DEG C, be incubated 1-1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 450-500 DEG C, insulation 2-2.5 hour, last air cooling;
(5) smelting amorphous alloy: according to the atomic ratio configuration raw material of this alloy, carry out vacuum melting, obtain non-crystaline amorphous metal after cast cooling.Wherein non-crystaline amorphous metal contains the elements such as Zr, Ti, Mo, Al, W, V, B, and wherein the atomic ratio of Zr, Ti, Mo, Al is 50:15:8:12.Described non-crystaline amorphous metal is including but not limited to Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
8v
5b
2, Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
5v
5b
5, Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
7v
6b
2;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface welding non-crystaline amorphous metal; Gauge control is at 200-500 micron; Specifically can adopt the modes such as soldering, built-up welding, diffusion welding;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces; Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 900 ~ 1000 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.
Beneficial effect: use valve of the present invention, because it has excellent high-temperature behavior (intensity, oxidation-resistance, wear resistance and fatigue lifetime etc.), can improve the working temperature of engine, thus promote heat output and the utilising efficiency of fuel.Obvious economic benefit can be produced.Adopt welding non-crystalline material, ensure that valve surfaces has excellent intensity, hardness, friction and wear behavior.By deposited graphite alkene layer, ensure that resistance to elevated temperatures and the wear resisting property of valve surfaces.Thus make the life-time service temperature of valve rise to more than 550 DEG C from 500 DEG C.
Embodiment
The purity used in each embodiment is below the weight percent content of impurity in the Fe of 99.8%: Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015.
embodiment 1
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.38%; Si:0.09%; Mo:0.1%; Mn:0.56%; Cr:0.80%; W:0.50%; Ce:0.17%; Nb:0.09%; Cu:0.086%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1600 DEG C, melting 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 71%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800 DEG C, be incubated 1h, quenching, is then heated to 480 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, last air cooling;
(5) melting Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
5v
5b
5non-crystaline amorphous metal: according to the atomic ratio configuration raw material of this alloy, carry out vacuum melting, obtain non-crystaline amorphous metal after cast cooling;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface welding non-crystaline amorphous metal;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 900 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 235 nanometer.
embodiment 2
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.35%; Si:0.05%; Mo:0.14%; Mn:0.75%; Cr:0.87%; W:1.0%; Ce:0.1%; Nb:0.1%; Cu:0.05%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1650 DEG C, melting 2 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 72%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800 DEG C, be incubated 1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 500 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, last air cooling;
(5) melting Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
5v
5b
5non-crystaline amorphous metal: according to the atomic ratio configuration raw material of this alloy, carry out vacuum melting, obtain non-crystaline amorphous metal after cast cooling;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface welding non-crystaline amorphous metal;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 950 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 53 nanometer.
embodiment 3
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.30%; Si:0.1%; Mo:0.17%; Mn:0.5%; Cr:1.04%; W:0.93%; Ce:0.11%; Nb:0.06%; Cu:0.08%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1650 DEG C, melting 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 70%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 820 DEG C, be incubated 1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 450 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, last air cooling;
(5) melting Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
8v
5b
2non-crystaline amorphous metal: according to the atomic ratio configuration raw material of this alloy, carry out vacuum melting, obtain non-crystaline amorphous metal after cast cooling;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface welding non-crystaline amorphous metal;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 970 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 367 nanometer.
embodiment 4
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.40%; Si:0.065%; Mo:0.2%; Mn:0.80%; Cr:0.80%; W:0.9%; Ce:0.2%; Nb:0.05%; Cu:0.1%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1620 DEG C, melting 2 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 73%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 850 DEG C, be incubated 1h, quenching, is then heated to 500 DEG C, is incubated 2.5 hours, last air cooling;
(5) melting Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
7v
6b
2non-crystaline amorphous metal: according to the atomic ratio configuration raw material of this alloy, carry out vacuum melting, obtain non-crystaline amorphous metal after cast cooling;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface welding non-crystaline amorphous metal;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 1000 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 493 nanometer.
Test the surface hardness of the inlet valve of above embodiment gained and comparative example (the 40Cr alloy material of modulation treatment), wear rate, fatigue strength, dynamometer life (data are in table 1), can see, hardness of the present invention is large, polishing machine is excellent, and fatigue property is high, and the life-span is long.
The surface hardness of table 1 material, wear rate, fatigue strength, dynamometer life
Claims (4)
1. the new work engine inlet valve material and preparation method thereof of a surperficial Graphene strengthening, the matrix material ingredients of described inlet valve is: C:0.30 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Mo:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Ce:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Nb:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Cu:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Surplus is the Fe that purity is greater than 99.8%, and to be the impurity weight percent content in the Fe of 99.8% be described purity: Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015; Cu :≤0.010%; The conical surface of valve contains amorphous alloy layer, thickness 200-500 micron, and there is graphene layer on the surface of valve; Its preparation method comprises following processing step:
(1) prepare batching according to alloy component range, alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, melting 2 ~ 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is greater than 70%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800-850 DEG C, be incubated 1-1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 450-500 DEG C, insulation 2-2.5 hour, last air cooling;
(5) smelting amorphous alloy: according to the atomic ratio configuration raw material of this alloy, carry out vacuum melting, obtain non-crystaline amorphous metal after cast cooling, wherein non-crystaline amorphous metal contains the elements such as Zr, Ti, Mo, Al, W, V, B, and wherein the atomic ratio of Zr, Ti, Mo, Al is 50:15:8:12;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface welding non-crystaline amorphous metal;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces; Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 900 ~ 1000 DEG C, and the speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.
2. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described non-crystaline amorphous metal is including but not limited to Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
8v
5b
2, Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
5v
5b
5, Zr
50ti
15mo
8al
12w
7v
6b
2.
3. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the welding process described in step (7) is including but not limited to soldering, diffusion welding, built-up welding.
4. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (8), the gauge control of the Graphene of deposition is at 50-500nm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111647797A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-11 | 樟树市兴隆高新材料有限公司 | High-speed tool steel and steel heat treatment method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160203 |