CN105289486A - Method for preparing chemcial leakage accident adsorption agent through peat - Google Patents
Method for preparing chemcial leakage accident adsorption agent through peat Download PDFInfo
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- CN105289486A CN105289486A CN201510670587.1A CN201510670587A CN105289486A CN 105289486 A CN105289486 A CN 105289486A CN 201510670587 A CN201510670587 A CN 201510670587A CN 105289486 A CN105289486 A CN 105289486A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a chemcial leakage accident adsorption agent through peat. The method mainly solves the problems that in the prior art, cost is high and environments are polluted. According to the method for preparing the chemcial leakage accident adsorption agent through the peat, the smashed peat and alkaline liquor are mixed and dipped in a sealed mode, then placed into an electric heating box to be heated at constant temperature, taken out and washed till pH is 6-8 and then dried, the dried peat is ground, the ground peat is mixed with a phosphoric acid solution, the mixed solution is placed in a drying box for air preoxidation, the preoxidized peat is heated under nitrogen atmosphere for carbonization and activation and then taken out after being cooled, the chemical leakage accident adsorption agent is obtained after washing. The technical scheme well solves the problems and can be used for preparing the chemical leakage accident adsorption agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent.
Background technology
Since the sixties in 20th century, in world wide, there occurs the environmental pollution accident of a lot of burst chemicals, as Rhine contamination accident in 1986, Danube contamination accident in 2000 and Songhua River Pollution events in 2005 etc.These environmental pollution sudden accidents not only cause huge economic loss, and bring huge disaster to environment, human health, society and expanding economy.Therefore, the emergency disposal technology of burst chemicals environmental pollution accident is caused to the great attention of countries in the world government.How people prevent and except the sudden environmental disaster event of prediction and warning occurs, also carried out the emergency disposal technical research to the chemicals leaked and waste water, the enforcement for government decision, technical measures provides technical support and guarantee except actively developing.
Carbon Materials, as sorbing material, has very large application potential in the adsorption treatment of the leakage accident such as oils and toxic chemical, has the irreplaceable effect of other materials.But traditional Carbon Materials exist in chemical accident disposal process aperture easily block, adsorb leakage while also absorb water, and the shortcoming such as buoyant properties difference, is difficult to meet the demand that chemical accident is emergent.Therefore the controlled functional porous Carbon Materials of lightweight of design, synthetic aperture, surface functional group is very important.
The porous carbon material of lightweight is used for chemical accident to meet an urgent need and cause the concern of people.Toyoda etc. report a kind of expanded graphite, and it can adsorb the heavy oil floated on the surface, and are easily separated from water, it to the maximum oil absorbency of heavy oil up to 80g/g, as long as and simple extruding just can institute's oil suction recovery, the rate of recovery reaches 80%.In the oil tanker leakage accident of coastal waters, Japanese Fukuoka in 1997, first expanded graphite is used for the crude oil removing leakage, achieves good effect.At home, the research group of Tsing-Hua University professor Kang Feiyu leader carries out comparatively systematic research to expanded graphite absorption oil product.The people such as Kang Feiyu find, the pore structure of expanded graphite is based on macropore and mesopore, be applicable to very much absorption oily substance, and expanded graphite have hydrophobicity and lipophile, can optionally remove oils and apolar substance in water.
Although expanded graphite has many advantages, also there is some shortcomings part, as low in mechanical strength, poor flexibility, cause it to recycle performance and be deteriorated.Also expanded graphite can not on a large scale for the one of the main reasons of chemical accident rescue just for this.Therefore, be badly in need of other porous carbon materials of exploitation and be used for chemical accident emergency disposal.
Mud coal is a kind of complex material, based on lignin and cellulose.Lignin and humic acid comprise the polar functional group that hydroxyl, aldehyde radical, ketone group, carboxylic acid group, phenylol and ether etc. relate to formation of chemical bond.In addition, it is that a kind of internal surface area is enriched and highly mesh structural porous compound matter that microexamination discloses mud coal, and half decomposing state mud coal contains the aperture of 95%, specific area 200m2/g.Therefore, mud coal is a kind of strong polarity high porosity materials, with the Carbon Materials that it is prepared for raw material, have quite high adsorption effect to chemicals, these features impel us to go the functional porous Carbon Materials of research mud coal base as a kind of sorbing material place to go Physicochemical accident.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the problem of higher, the contaminated environment of cost in prior art, provides a kind of method of new mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent.The method, for the preparation of in chemical leakage accident adsorbent, has the advantage that cost is lower, free from environmental pollution.
For solving the problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of method of mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent, dipping is sealed after being mixed with alkali lye by the mud coal pulverized, then electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature is placed in, after taking out, washing is to pH=6-8, then drying is carried out, dried mud coal is ground, mud coal after grinding mixes with phosphoric acid solution, mixed solution is positioned over air pre-oxidation in 120 ~ 240 DEG C of drying boxes, mud coal after pre-oxidation is warming up to 600 ~ 1000 DEG C with 2 ~ 10 DEG C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, constant temperature carries out carbonization-activation in 2 ~ 6 hours, take out after cooling, chemical leakage accident adsorbent is obtained after washing.
In technique scheme, preferably, described 20 ~ 100 orders are ground to dried mud coal.
In technique scheme, preferably, described concentration of lye is 2-4mol/L, and the mass ratio of mud coal and alkali lye is 0.2:1 ~ 3:1.
In technique scheme, preferably, dipping is sealed 12 ~ 24 hours after being mixed with alkali lye by mud coal.
In technique scheme, preferably, heated at constant temperature 12 ~ 24 hours in electrocaloric effect.
In technique scheme, preferably, described air preoxidation time is 4 ~ 12 hours.
In technique scheme, preferably, described cooling is Temperature fall.
In technique scheme, preferably, the concentration of described phosphoric acid solution is 30 ~ 50%, and the mud coal after grinding and the mass ratio of phosphoric acid solution are 0.1:1 ~ 1:1.
In technique scheme, preferably, described mud coal is low level mud coal, meta mud coal or high-order mud coal.
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent, traditional Carbon Materials have aperture easily block, adsorb leakage while also absorb water, and the shortcoming such as buoyant properties difference, is difficult to meet the demand that chemical accident is emergent.And mud coal has aperture prosperity, the advantage such as lighter than water, cheap and easy to get, take mud coal as raw material, by directed regulation activity charcoal pore-size distribution and surface functional group, this difficulty can be solved, reach the object to leakage absorption, separation, harmless treatment, achieve good technique effect.
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated, but be not limited only to the present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
[embodiment 1]
The NaOH aqueous solution being 2mol/L by the 150g low level mud coal pulverized and 375mL concentration fully mixes, and sealing dipping 24h, be then placed in the electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature 24h of 110 DEG C, after taking out, washing is to pH=7, drying for standby.Mud coal after dried alkali heat-treatment is ground to 40 orders, gets the phosphoric acid solution that the mud coal after grinding and 8g and 30mL quality solubility are 38% and fully mix, abundant mixed material is placed in 200 DEG C of drying box air pre-oxidation 6h, Temperature fall.Material after pre-oxidation is warming up to 800 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and constant temperature 2h carries out carbonization-activation, takes out after Temperature fall.Wash to pH=7 through 100 DEG C of distilled water again, the acticarbon that the aperture that can make is flourishing, mesoporous is high, lighter than water.Be used for by acticarbon adsorbing the aniline in 200ml aniline solution, the concentration of aniline in aniline solution is 500mg/L, and adsorptive value is 182mg/g, and specific area is 1812m
2/ g, mesoporous is 91.2%, can swim in the water surface.
[embodiment 2]
The NaOH aqueous solution being 2mol/L by the 150g meta mud coal pulverized and 375mL concentration fully mixes, and sealing dipping 24h, be then placed in the electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature 24h of 110 DEG C, after taking out, washing is to pH=7, drying for standby.Mud coal after dried alkali heat-treatment is ground to 40 orders, gets the phosphoric acid solution that the mud coal after grinding and 8g and 30mL quality solubility are 38% and fully mix, abundant mixed material is placed in 200 DEG C of drying box air pre-oxidation 6h, Temperature fall.Material after pre-oxidation is warming up to 800 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and constant temperature 2h carries out carbonization-activation, takes out after Temperature fall.Wash to pH=7 through 100 DEG C of distilled water again, the acticarbon that the aperture that can make is flourishing, mesoporous is high, lighter than water.Be used for by acticarbon adsorbing the aniline in 200ml aniline solution, the concentration of aniline in aniline solution is 500mg/L, and adsorptive value is 184mg/g, and specific area is 2104m
2/ g, mesoporous is 90.2%, can swim in the water surface.
[embodiment 3]
The NaOH aqueous solution being 2mol/L by high-order for the 150g pulverized mud coal and 375mL concentration fully mixes, and sealing dipping 24h, be then placed in the electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature 24h of 110 DEG C, after taking out, washing is to pH=6, drying for standby.Mud coal after dried alkali heat-treatment is ground to 40 orders, gets the phosphoric acid solution that the mud coal after grinding and 8g and 30mL quality solubility are 38% and fully mix, abundant mixed material is placed in 200 DEG C of drying box air pre-oxidation 6h, Temperature fall.Material after pre-oxidation is warming up to 800 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and constant temperature 2h carries out carbonization-activation, takes out after Temperature fall.Wash to pH=7 through 100 DEG C of distilled water again, the acticarbon that the aperture that can make is flourishing, mesoporous is high, lighter than water.Be used for by acticarbon adsorbing the aniline in 200ml aniline solution, the concentration of aniline in aniline solution is 500mg/L, and adsorptive value is 190mg/g, and specific area is 2214m
2/ g, mesoporous is 89.1%, can swim in the water surface.
[embodiment 4]
The NaOH aqueous solution being 4mol/L by high-order for the 150g pulverized mud coal and 375mL concentration fully mixes, and sealing dipping 12h, be then placed in the electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature 12h of 110 DEG C, after taking out, washing is to pH=7, drying for standby.Mud coal after dried alkali heat-treatment is ground to 100 orders, gets the phosphoric acid solution that the mud coal after grinding and 20g and 30mL quality solubility are 50% and fully mix, abundant mixed material is placed in 240 DEG C of drying box air pre-oxidation 12h, Temperature fall.Material after pre-oxidation is warming up to 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and constant temperature 6h carries out carbonization-activation, takes out after Temperature fall.Wash to pH=7 through 100 DEG C of distilled water again, the acticarbon that the aperture that can make is flourishing, mesoporous is high, lighter than water.Be used for by acticarbon adsorbing the aniline in 200ml aniline solution, the concentration of aniline in aniline solution is 500mg/L, and adsorptive value is 178mg/g, and specific area is 1876m
2/ g, mesoporous is 84.1%.
[comparative example]
Adopt the aniline in 0.2g acticarbon of the prior art absorption 200ml aniline solution, the concentration of aniline in aniline solution is 500mg/L, and active carbon physical property is: particle diameter 200 order, and adsorptive value is 191mg/g, and specific area is 962m
2/ g, mesoporous is 90.6%.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent, dipping is sealed after being mixed with alkali lye by the mud coal pulverized, then electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature is placed in, after taking out, washing is to pH=6-8, then drying is carried out, dried mud coal is ground, mud coal after grinding mixes with phosphoric acid solution, mixed solution is positioned over air pre-oxidation in 120 ~ 240 DEG C of drying boxes, mud coal after pre-oxidation is warming up to 600 ~ 1000 DEG C with 2 ~ 10 DEG C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, constant temperature carries out carbonization-activation in 2 ~ 6 hours, take out after cooling, chemical leakage accident adsorbent is obtained after washing.
2. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that describedly being ground to 20 ~ 100 orders to dried mud coal.
3. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described concentration of lye is 2-4, the mass ratio of mud coal and alkali lye is 0.2:1 ~ 3:1.
4. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, seals dipping 12 ~ 24 hours after it is characterized in that mud coal to mix with alkali lye.
5. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, to is characterized in that in electrocaloric effect heated at constant temperature 12 ~ 24 hours.
6. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that described air preoxidation time is 4 ~ 12 hours.
7. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cooling is Temperature fall.
8. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the concentration of described phosphoric acid solution is 30 ~ 50%, the mud coal after grinding and the mass ratio of phosphoric acid solution are 0.1:1 ~ 1:1.
9. the method for mud coal preparative chemistry product leakage accident adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that described mud coal is low level mud coal, meta mud coal or high-order mud coal.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108187650A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | It is a kind of using coal slime charcoal as solid alkali biodiesel catalyst of carrier and preparation method thereof |
| CN110237814A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-17 | 一重集团大连工程建设有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the active carbon handling marine oil spill |
Citations (5)
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| CN1075698A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-09-01 | 赵永新 | Bio-active coal filtering material and application thereof |
| JP2005288224A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Univ Nagoya | Hydrophilic activated carbon and adsorption heat pump using the same |
| CN101497028A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-08-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for preparing magnetic active carbon and the magnetic active carbon |
| CN102502622A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-06-20 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Active carbon special for oil gas recovery and preparation method thereof |
| CN103288080A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-09-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing high-mesopore-ratio high-adsorptivity ecological carbon |
-
2015
- 2015-10-13 CN CN201510670587.1A patent/CN105289486A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1075698A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-09-01 | 赵永新 | Bio-active coal filtering material and application thereof |
| JP2005288224A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Univ Nagoya | Hydrophilic activated carbon and adsorption heat pump using the same |
| CN101497028A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-08-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for preparing magnetic active carbon and the magnetic active carbon |
| CN102502622A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-06-20 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Active carbon special for oil gas recovery and preparation method thereof |
| CN103288080A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-09-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing high-mesopore-ratio high-adsorptivity ecological carbon |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108187650A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | It is a kind of using coal slime charcoal as solid alkali biodiesel catalyst of carrier and preparation method thereof |
| CN110237814A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-17 | 一重集团大连工程建设有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the active carbon handling marine oil spill |
| CN110237814B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-05-13 | 一重集团大连工程建设有限公司 | Preparation method of activated carbon for treating ocean oil spill |
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Application publication date: 20160203 |