CN105286917A - Three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on area-array probes - Google Patents

Three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on area-array probes Download PDF

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CN105286917A
CN105286917A CN201510736094.3A CN201510736094A CN105286917A CN 105286917 A CN105286917 A CN 105286917A CN 201510736094 A CN201510736094 A CN 201510736094A CN 105286917 A CN105286917 A CN 105286917A
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CN105286917B (en
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尉迟明
丁明跃
李春雨
杨佳丽
李旭
钟小丽
宋俊杰
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on area-array probes. The method comprises the following steps of data collecting, delay overlapping, baseline calibrating, envelope detecting, logarithm compressing, downsampling, grey mapping and three-dimensional displaying. The system comprises an external circuit used for generating trigger signals, a lower computer used for collecting data in real time according to the trigger signals to complete the data collecting step and transmitting modulated data to an upper computer and the upper computer used for receiving the data transmitted by the lower computer and displaying a three-dimensional image in real time. According to the three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on the area-array probes, real-time imaging of the three-dimensional ultrasonic image is achieved.

Description

A kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on face battle array probe
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultra sonic imaging field, more specifically, relate to a kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on face battle array probe.
Background technology
Ultra sonic imaging utilizes ultrasonic acoustic beam to scan human body, by the reception, the process that are loaded with tissue or structural property characteristic information, to obtain the image of intracorporeal organ or tissue.Ultrasonic owing to having without ionizing radiation, the advantage such as cheap, easy to use, become imaging diagnosis means important in current clinical medicine.
Three-D ultrasonic can provide abundant solid space information, makes up the deficiency of two-dimensional ultrasonic imaging, for the Clinics and Practices of disease is offered help.Time three-dimensional ultrasonography can provide navigation for clinical operation, has further expanded ultrasonic range of application.In order to obtain time three-dimensional ultrasonography image, face battle array probe can be adopted, can three-dimensional data be obtained without mobile probe, quickness and high efficiency.
But the array number of face battle array probe is large, make and processing technique complexity; Port number is many, and data volume is large.Based on face battle array probe, be difficult to realize realtime imaging, cause restriction and inconvenience to application.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method and system based on face battle array probe, its object is to by face battle array probe high flux real-time data collection, and after high speed processing is carried out to mass data, realize real time three-dimensional imaging, solve the technical problem that prior art ultrasonic plane array probe data amount is difficult to greatly realtime imaging thus.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method based on face battle array probe, comprise the following steps successively:
Data acquisition: slave computer, after triggering signal being detected, enters into the state detecting and transmit, and judges to transmit position by Received signal strength amplitude; According to the interval transmitted and between echo-signal, determine the position of echo-signal, and real-time echo signal data is extracted, modulate and after storing, be transferred to host computer;
Time delay superposes: host computer, by after the echo signal data demodulation (namely demodulation solves channel data) of acquisition, adopts the mode of fixed point focusing or dynamic focusing to carry out superposition and corrects time delay, the data after acquisition corrects;
Baseline calibration: the direct current biasing occurred when the data after the correction adopting the filtering of zero phase high pass filter to obtain shows with the form of oscillogram, by Baseline wander to not producing phase offset with horizontal Zhou Chonghe, obtains the data after calibration;
Envelope detected: for the data after the calibration obtained, detect its coenvelope, extract low frequency component wherein, be detected material information data;
Logarithmic compression: take the logarithm for the detected material information data obtained and compress, controls the data after compression between 40dB to 60dB;
Down-sampled: the data after compression are carried out down-sampledly reducing data volume, the data after being adjusted;
Grey scale mapping: for the data after the adjustment obtained, employing Linear Mapping is the gray value between 0 to 255, obtains gradation data;
Three dimensional display: for the gray scale volume data obtained, adopts orthogonal three planes to carry out three-dimensional display in real time to the 3-D view rebuild.
Present invention also offers the another kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method based on face battle array probe, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps successively:
Data acquisition: slave computer, after triggering signal being detected, enters into the state detecting and transmit, and judges to transmit position by Received signal strength amplitude; According to the interval transmitted and between echo-signal, determine the position of echo-signal, and real-time echo signal data is extracted, modulate and after storing, be transferred to host computer;
Baseline calibration: the direct current biasing occurred when host computer adopts the filtering of zero phase high pass filter to be shown with the form of oscillogram by the channel data after echo signal data demodulation, by Baseline wander to not producing phase offset with horizontal Zhou Chonghe, obtain the data after calibrating;
Time delay superposes: by the data after calibration, adopts the mode of fixed point focusing or dynamic focusing to carry out superposition and corrects time delay, obtain the data after correcting;
Envelope detected: for the data after the calibration obtained, detect its coenvelope, extract low frequency component wherein, be detected material information data;
Logarithmic compression: take the logarithm for the detected material information data obtained and compress, controls the data after compression between 40dB to 60dB;
Down-sampled: the data after compression are carried out down-sampledly reducing data volume, the data after being adjusted;
Grey scale mapping: for the data after the adjustment obtained, employing Linear Mapping is the gray value between 0 to 255, obtains gray scale volume data;
Three dimensional display: for the gray scale volume data obtained, adopts orthogonal three planes to carry out three-dimensional display in real time to the 3-D view rebuild.
Preferably, described three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method, data collection steps described in it, its data type is 16 integers, adopts the mode of splicing to be modulated to 64 integers.
Preferably, described three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method, echo-signal is extracted by its slave computer of data collection steps described in it, modulate and be transferred to host computer after storing.
Preferably, described three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method, envelope detected step described in it adopts Hilbert transform method or Peak Intensity Method.
Preferably, described three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method, logarithmic compression step described in it for taking the logarithm in the end, preferably expands 20 times with 10.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging system, comprise external circuit, slave computer and host computer;
Described external circuit, for generation of triggering signal;
Described slave computer, for according to described triggering signal real-time data collection, completes described data collection steps, sends host computer to by after Data Modulation;
Described host computer; For receiving the data of slave computer transmission and showing 3-D view in real time, complete described time delay superposition, baseline calibration, envelope detected, logarithmic compression, down-sampled, grey scale mapping and three dimensional display step.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
This method and system are applicable to ultrasonic battle array probe of Real-time Collection mass data, after the battle array Probe Ultrasonic Searching data of collection face, by extract effective echo data and splicing realizes the transmission of high flux data; Host computer, after receiving high flux data, carries out a series of process and three dimensional display to data at high speed, and the three-dimensional ultrasound pattern realized based on three-D ultrasonic face battle array probe shows in real time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that face of the present invention battle array probe data carries out splicing;
Fig. 3 is the result figure that embodiment carries out baseline calibration;
Fig. 4 is the result figure that embodiment carries out envelope detected;
Fig. 5 is the result figure that embodiment carries out logarithmic compression;
Fig. 6 is that embodiment carries out down-sampled result figure;
Fig. 7 is embodiment three dimensional display result figure.
In all of the figs, identical Reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method based on face battle array probe provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps successively:
Data acquisition: slave computer, after triggering signal being detected, enters into the state detecting and transmit, and judges to transmit position by Received signal strength amplitude; According to the interval transmitted and between echo-signal, determine the position of echo-signal, and real-time echo signal data is extracted, modulate and after storing, be transferred to host computer.
Triggering signal is used for frame synchronization and corrects, and is produced and be connected to acquisition system by external circuit.When after the next machine testing to triggering level, slave computer transmits by judging Received signal strength amplitude to detect.Due to testee and probe distance known, so transmit and interval between echo-signal known, therefore can determine the position of echo-signal according to the position transmitted, slave computer only intercepts the echo-signal of needs and is stored in data queue.Described triggering signal is periodicity level signal, and high level triggers; According to collection Demand Design, match with the collection of each frame data.
Battle array the pop one's head in type of data of each passage in face is 16 integers, using the data of a passage as low level, the data of another passage are as a high position, be spliced into 32 integer data, again two 32 integer data are combined into 64 integer data, namely the data of four passages are stitched together and store, as shown in Figure 2.This will improve the efficiency of data acquisition and transmission greatly, for real time three-dimensional imaging lays the foundation.For the face battle array of a N × N, under the pattern that distribution of being expert at connects, gather the reconstruction that N subchannel data just can carry out a two field picture.Often gathered the data of a two field picture, slave computer detects the state of triggering signal by getting back to, wait for the collection of next frame data.For ensureing the reliability obtaining image, first will ensure the reliability obtaining data, therefore frame check is absolutely necessary.
Time delay superposes: host computer obtains channel data by after the echo signal data demodulation of acquisition, adopts the mode of fixed point focusing or dynamic focusing to carry out superposition and corrects time delay, obtain the data after correcting.Data are taken out by host computer from data queue, with reference to the mode stored by channel data solution out, carry out time delay superposition.Time delay superposition can adopt the mode of fixed point focusing or dynamic focusing.Be focused to example with fixed point, there is a focus point above each array element, owing to being that face battle array probe just defines a focusing surface, the position at focusing surface place is the position of testee.Due to the transceiver mode adopting row distribution to connect, for the face battle array probe of an array element number N × N, need N group delay parameter.Obtaining the line data of certain array element in certain a line array element, superpose after the delay parameter of correspondence being applied to the channel data of each array element of this row again, is namely the line data of required array element.Compared with fixed point focusing, there is multiple focusing surface in dynamic focusing.Which kind of type of focusing of concrete employing can be determined according to testee.
Baseline calibration: the direct current biasing occurred when the data after the correction adopting the filtering of zero phase high pass filter to obtain shows with the form of oscillogram, by Baseline wander to not producing phase offset with horizontal Zhou Chonghe, obtains the data after calibration.
The object of baseline calibration removes baseline drift.Baseline drift shows as signal and does not overlap with trunnion axis with the form of oscillogram display base line, higher or lower than trunnion axis or there is certain angle of inclination, is equivalent to existence direct current biasing.The technical scheme of this part is this direct current biasing of employing zero phase high pass filter filtering, baseline correction is overlapped to trunnion axis, and does not produce phase offset.
Envelope detected: for the data after the calibration obtained, detect its coenvelope, extract low frequency component wherein, be detected material information data.
The coenvelope of envelope detected detecting signal, extracts the low frequency component carried in echo-signal, i.e. testee information.The algorithm of the preferred envelope detected of this method has two kinds, Hilbert transform method and Peak Intensity Method.Hilbert transform is a kind of method asking for signal envelope of classics, primary signal will obtain the orthogonal signalling of primary signal through Hilbert transform, take primary signal as real part, the signal obtained with Hilbert transform constructs complex signal for imaginary part, and the mould of this complex signal is exactly the envelope of required real signal.The principle of Peak Intensity Method detected envelope finds out multiple crests of ultrasound echo signal, record position and the amplitude of crest (or trough), then by interpolation (Spline Method, nearest method, linear approach etc.) each crest (or trough) is coupled together, just can obtain the coenvelope (or lower envelope) of echo-signal.These two kinds of methods are different for the signal effect quality of different signal to noise ratio, should use flexibly when practical application.When signal to noise ratio is higher, two kinds of methods can describe the feature of primary signal more exactly, but the envelope that Hilbert transform method is tried to achieve exists burr is more, profile information is more coarse problem.When signal to noise ratio is lower, the signal envelope effect of being tried to achieve by Peak Intensity Method is better, but occurs shake at the boundary of signal, and this may be caused by signal interpolation.
Logarithmic compression: take the logarithm for the detected material information data obtained and compress, controls the data after compression between 40dB to 60dB; Preferred version is as follows:
Detected material information data gets denary logarithm, and is multiplied by the multiple of 20, and unit is dB.Can adjust the dynamic range of echo after taking logarithm, to obtain best realtime imaging effect, be generally adjusted to 40dB or 60dB, the less contrast of its value is higher.Concrete grammar, for 40dB, is that the maximum in signal is mapped to 40dB, by the signal of 40dB less of peak signal and less signal map to 0dB.
Down-sampled: the data after compression are carried out down-sampledly reducing data volume, the data after being adjusted.Carry out down-sampled to data after the process of logarithmic compression, to reduce data volume.Data volume is less, and the frame per second of image display is higher; Data volume is too little simultaneously can affect picture quality, should both take into account.
Grey scale mapping: for the data after the adjustment obtained, employing Linear Mapping is the gray value between 0 to 255, obtains gray scale volume data.Grey scale mapping adopts simple Linear Mapping, namely pro rata by the most weak signal map to 0, by the strongest signal map to 255.
Three dimensional display: for the gray scale volume data obtained, adopts orthogonal three planes to carry out three-dimensional display in real time to the 3-D view rebuild.
It is the display of real time 3-D image after obtaining the 3-D view volume data of rebuilding.Here the method adopted is the orthogonal method of three planes.Orthogonal three planes refer to by plane vertical with three, transverse section to sagittal plane, coronalplane display on the screen at the same, are also three vertical plane modes.The position of three normal surfaces and the variable-angle of image in three dimensions, therefore can obtain the arbitrary section image in said three-dimensional body.
The step of 3D image reconstruction provides in fig. 1, and through test of many times, the processing sequence of time delay superposition and baseline calibration can exchange mutually, do not affect image quality, and other step arbitrarily can not exchange.
Three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging system provided by the invention, comprises external circuit, slave computer and host computer;
Described external circuit, for generation of triggering signal;
Described slave computer, for according to described triggering signal real-time data collection, completes described data collection steps, sends host computer to by after Data Modulation;
Described host computer; For accepting the data of slave computer transmission and showing 3-D view in real time, complete described time delay superposition, baseline calibration, envelope detected, logarithmic compression, down-sampled, grey scale mapping and three dimensional display step.
In order to solve collection and the realtime imaging problem of face battle array data, the invention provides a kind of the data high-speed collection and the real-time three-dimensional ultrasonography method and system that are applicable to face battle array probe.The data volume that employing face battle array probe obtains is large, and need to carry out high speed acquisition and storage to data, and slave computer carries out preliminary process to initial data in the process gathered, the data after process are transferred to host computer and carry out real-time reconstruction and display.For obtaining time three-dimensional ultrasonography image, image frame per second is preferably greater than 24fps.
The data collected write in FIFO (FirstInputFirstOutput, First Input First Output) by system slave computer, and the triggering signal that the collection of data produces by external circuit controls.Often gather the data of a frame, slave computer can detect triggering signal again, and triggering signal is intended to the frame synchronization verification realizing image.Face battle array probe adopts the transmitting and receiving pattern of ultrasonic reflection formula, and the signal that therefore actual probe receives not only has echo-signal to also have triggering signal.Because acquisition time is long, sample frequency is high, port number is many and signal repetition rate is low, if intactly trigger collection signal and echo-signal, so each data volume gathered will be very huge.This is unfavorable for transmission and the storage of data very much, even can affect the speed that later image is rebuild in realtime imaging, and the frame per second causing image to show declines, and reduces the q&r of image.Therefore during data acquisition, the next chance does pretreatment to signal, cuts out triggering signal, only leaves useful echo-signal.
Pretreated data read out by system host computer from FIFO, and solve channel data, then implement process of reconstruction.First the process will carried out is time delay superposition, is the equal of focus on the echo-signal received, and superposes the scan-line data just obtained in each array element again after the channel data of each array element carries out certain time-delay.Because the primary signal collected exists baseline drift, this phenomenon still exists after time delay superposition, therefore needs the step of baseline calibration drift to be removed.The step of envelope detected detect calibrated after the coenvelope of line data, namely extract the information of the testee that echo carries.The object of logarithmic compression is the dynamic range adjusting signal, and what make dynamic range of signals coincidental calculation pipe can distinguish scope depending on putting, and can amplify small and weak signal simultaneously; Dynamic range is less, and picture contrast is higher.Down-sampled object is to be reduced to as data volume used, improves image display frame rate, reaches real-time requirement.Grey scale mapping is mapped to 0 ~ 255 by proportional for signal, rebuilds the image obtained and is presented in orthogonal three planes.
Be below embodiment:
A kind of three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging system, comprises external circuit, slave computer and host computer;
Described external circuit, for generation of triggering signal;
Described slave computer, for according to described triggering signal real-time data collection, completes described data collection steps, sends host computer to by after Data Modulation;
Described host computer; For accepting the data of slave computer transmission and showing 3-D view in real time, complete described time delay superposition, baseline calibration, envelope detected, logarithmic compression, down-sampled, grey scale mapping and three dimensional display step.
Treat testee and adopt face battle array probe, carry out ultrasound detection, the external circuit of described three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging system produces triggering signal, and slave computer is according to triggering signal image data.
Described triggering signal is one-period level signal, and high level triggers; The time that in each cycle, strict each frame data corresponding of high level time gather, therefore can be controlled effectiveness and the order of image data by triggering signal.The triggering signal cycle is determined on a case-by-case basis, if frequency is too high, namely the speed of image data is too fast, and the speed of host computer process data can be caused not catch up with; If underfrequency, the frame per second of display in real time can be affected again, make not reach real-time requirement.
Data acquisition: slave computer, after triggering signal being detected, enters into the state detecting and transmit, and judges to transmit position by Received signal strength amplitude; According to the interval transmitted and between echo-signal, determine the position of echo-signal, and by real-time echo signal extraction, modulation storing, be transferred to host computer:
Battle array the pop one's head in type of data of each passage in face is 16 integers, using the data of a passage as low level, the data of another passage are as a high position, be spliced into 32 integer data, again two 32 integer data are combined into 64 integer data, namely the data of four passages being stitched together stores.For the face battle array of a N × N, under the pattern that distribution of being expert at connects, gather the reconstruction that N subchannel data just can carry out a two field picture.
Time delay superposes: after the data demodulates of acquisition is obtained channel data by host computer, adopts fixed point focusing to carry out superposition and corrects time delay, obtain the data after correcting;
Baseline calibration: the direct current biasing occurred when the data after the correction adopting the filtering of zero phase high pass filter to obtain shows with the form of oscillogram, by Baseline wander to not producing phase offset with horizontal Zhou Chonghe, obtains the data after calibration; As shown in Figure 3.
Envelope detected: for the data after the calibration obtained, adopts Hilbert transform method to detect its coenvelope, extracts low frequency component wherein, be detected material information data; As shown in Figure 4.
Logarithmic compression: take the logarithm for the detected material information data obtained and compress, detected material information data is got denary logarithm, and is multiplied by the multiple of 20, unit is dB, as shown in Figure 5.
Down-sampled: the data after compression are carried out down-sampledly reducing data volume, the data after being adjusted; As shown in Figure 6.
Grey scale mapping: for the data after the adjustment obtained, employing Linear Mapping is the gray value between 0 to 255, obtains gray scale volume data;
Three dimensional display: for the gray scale volume data obtained, adopts orthogonal three planes to carry out three-dimensional display in real time to the 3-D view rebuild, as shown in Figure 7.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1., based on a three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method for face battle array probe, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps successively:
Data acquisition: slave computer, after triggering signal being detected, enters into the state detecting and transmit, and judges to transmit position by Received signal strength amplitude; According to the interval transmitted and between echo-signal, determine the position of echo-signal, real-time echo signal data is extracted, modulate and be transferred to host computer after storing;
Time delay superposes: host computer, by after the echo signal data demodulation of acquisition, adopts the mode of fixed point focusing or dynamic focusing to carry out superposition and corrects time delay, the data after acquisition corrects;
Baseline calibration: the direct current biasing occurred when the data after the correction adopting the filtering of zero phase high pass filter to obtain shows with the form of oscillogram, by Baseline wander to not producing phase offset with horizontal Zhou Chonghe, obtains the data after calibration;
Envelope detected: for the data after the calibration obtained, detect its coenvelope, extract low frequency component wherein, be detected material information data;
Logarithmic compression: take the logarithm for the detected material information data obtained and compress, controls the data after compression between 40dB to 60dB;
Down-sampled: the data after compression are carried out down-sampledly reducing data volume, the data after being adjusted;
Grey scale mapping: for the data after the adjustment obtained, employing Linear Mapping is the gray value between 0 to 255, obtains gray scale volume data;
Three dimensional display: for the gray scale volume data obtained, adopts orthogonal three planes to carry out three-dimensional display in real time to the 3-D view rebuild.
2., based on a three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method for face battle array probe, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps successively:
Data acquisition: slave computer, after triggering signal being detected, enters into the state detecting and transmit, and judges to transmit position by Received signal strength amplitude; According to the interval transmitted and between echo-signal, determine the position of echo-signal, and real-time echo signal data is extracted, modulate and after storing, be transferred to host computer;
Baseline calibration: the direct current biasing that host computer adopts the filtering of zero phase high pass filter will occur when show with the form of oscillogram after echo signal data demodulation, by Baseline wander to not producing phase offset with horizontal Zhou Chonghe, obtains the data after calibration;
Time delay superposes: by the data after calibration, adopts the mode of fixed point focusing or dynamic focusing to carry out superposition and corrects time delay, obtain the data after correcting;
Envelope detected: for the data after the calibration obtained, detect its coenvelope, extract low frequency component wherein, be detected material information data;
Logarithmic compression: take the logarithm for the detected material information data obtained and compress, controls the data after compression between 40dB to 60dB;
Down-sampled: the data after compression are carried out down-sampledly reducing data volume, the data after being adjusted;
Grey scale mapping: for the data after the adjustment obtained, employing Linear Mapping is the gray value between 0 to 255, obtains gray scale volume data;
Three dimensional display: for the gray scale volume data obtained, adopts orthogonal three planes to carry out three-dimensional display in real time to the 3-D view rebuild.
3. three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described data collection steps, its data type is 16 integers, adopts the mode of splicing to be modulated to 64 integers.
4. three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described envelope detected step adopts Hilbert transform method or Peak Intensity Method.
5. three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described logarithmic compression step for taking the logarithm in the end, preferably expands 20 times with 10.
6. the three-dimensional ultrasonic real-time imaging system of application as described in claim 1 to 5 any one, is characterized in that, comprise external circuit, slave computer and host computer;
Described external circuit, for generation of triggering signal;
Described slave computer, for according to described triggering signal real-time data collection, completes described data collection steps, sends host computer to by after Data Modulation;
Described host computer; For accepting the data of slave computer transmission and showing 3-D view in real time, complete described time delay superposition, baseline calibration, envelope detected, logarithmic compression, down-sampled, grey scale mapping and three dimensional display step.
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CN108961148A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-12-07 飞依诺科技(苏州)有限公司 The data processing method and its system of ultrasound image

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