A kind of pouring-in bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor of winding torque current parallel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing-free motor, particularly a kind of simplex winding bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor, suitable for life
The special Electrified Transmission field such as object medical engineering, chemistry, semiconductor and microelectronics.
Background technology
Traditional bearing-free motor is accomplished that the active levitation of two degree of freedom or four degree of freedom mostly, and others are certainly
By degree there is still a need for magnetic bearings control, the axial length of motor is longer, and volume is larger, while critical speed declines, and turns to higher
Speed development is restricted.And bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor can realize that five spatial degrees of freedom suspend entirely, be suspended by changing
The amplitude and phase of the electric current of power winding are realized the active levitation of two radial direction degree of freedom, and are realized according to magnetic resistance minimum principle
The driven suspension of three degree of freedom (axial freedom and two torsional freedoms).This motor is inheriting bearing-free electricity
While at captain, also have the characteristics that occupy little space, power density is big, loss is low, ultra-clean can be generally applicable to
Occasion.
Bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor has been superimposed torque and suspending power double winding in the stator, causes the machinery knot of motor
Structure is complicated, while torque winding shares same magnetic circuit with levitation force winding, interacts in the presence of coupling so that electromagnetic structure
It is increasingly complex.And simplex winding structure bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor be by the independent control to a set of winding, can one
And generate suspending power and torque.By the principle of Electrical Motor it is found that the rotor with permanent magnet when rotated, is understood in stator winding
Induced electromotive force is generated, and rotating speed is higher, the induced electromotive force of generation is bigger.Turn since simplex winding permanent-magnetic electric machine with bearing generates
Square and the public a set of winding of suspending power, the interior induced electromotive force generated of winding limit the adjusting of suspending power current component, and
Induced electromotive force is bigger, and suspending power current component is smaller, and the suspending power of generation reduces.
Invention content
In order to reduce the complexity of traditional bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor structure, realize electric machine structure smaller, weight it is lighter,
It is more efficient, while influence of the induced electromotive force to suspending power electric current in winding is eliminated, the present invention proposes a kind of winding torque
The pouring-in single windings non-bearing thin sheet electric machine of current parallel.
The technical side that a kind of pouring-in bearing-free permanent magnet thin-sheet motor of winding torque current parallel of the present invention uses
Case is:Most external of the present invention is outer rotor, there is concentric stator core inside outer rotor, close Surface Mount on outer rotor inner surface
4 pole permanent magnets of Halbach array structure, stator core are distributed uniformly and circumferentially by 6 armature tooths and formed, each armature
Coil is all wound on tooth, and end opposite relative to two coil winding-directions of axle center axisymmetricly link together form a phase around
Group;The midpoint of two coils per phase winding draws center line and center line leading-out terminal is all connected with the first current inverter, the first electricity
Stream inverter provides torque current for winding;Three beginnings per phase winding are connected with the second current inverter, the second electric current
Inverter provides suspending power electric current and torque current simultaneously for winding;Three ends per phase winding connect neutral point jointly.
Further, the torque current size that the second current inverter provides is the torque electricity that the first current inverter provides
Flow the 1/2 of size, the torque current phase that the torque current phase that the second current inverter 6 provides is provided with the first current inverter
Position difference 180 degree.
Further, the electric current that the three-phase windings being connected with the second current inverter are passed through is followed successively by: imu、imv、imwRespectively three-phase windings torque current component, ibu、ibv、ibwRespectively three-phase
Winding suspending power current component.
Further, 4 pole permanent magnet is made of 16 pieces of small magnets, and every piece of small magnet magnetizing direction is respectively than adjacent two
Two pieces of small magnet magnetizing directions of side are by clockwise, 45 degree of offset counterclockwise.
The advantage of the invention is that:
1st, the present invention is a kind of synchronous motor, only with a set of winding, is powered by two three phase converters for it, wherein one
A three-phase inverter points out injection torque current in, another three-phase inverter injection suspending power electric current and 1/2 amplitude, phase
The torque current of potential difference 180 degree.2 groups of electric currents is enabled to generate number of pole-pairs difference as 1 two magnetic fields.So not only so that electricity
Machine structure is simpler compact, improves suspending power control performance, and the power attenuation smaller of stator side.
2nd, the present invention symmetrical two coils are connected, and current direction is identical, therefore from control torque current inverter
Direction look, the direction of the induced electromotive force generated in two coils is identical, and from the side of control suspending power current inverter
To looking, the direction of the induced electromotive force generated in two coils conversely, because amplitude is identical and the two is cancelled out each other, eliminate
Influence to suspending power current component in control suspending power current inverter.
3rd, the 4 pole permanent magnets that the present invention is attached on outer rotor use the Halbach array knot that 4 permanent magnets are included per pole
Structure so that the flux density enhancing in motor gas-gap, and sine is closer to, arteries and veins can be made while torque and suspending power is increased
Dynamic smaller, and yoke portion magnetic flux can be reduced, so as to reduce yoke portion thickness, the volume and weight of motor reduces.
4th, the present invention is realizes that better heat dissipation performance uses the structure of outer rotor, while so that axial dimension is compact, turns
Dynamic inertia is big.
5th, the present invention uses 6 armature tooths, it is ensured that and motor is in sufficiently small space, embedded enough windings,
Realize that torque maximizes.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the radial section schematic diagram of the pouring-in non-bearing flake motor of winding torque current parallel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is to be ranked sequentially schematic diagram using 4 pole permanent magnets of Halbach array structure in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of each winding and two inverters in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is that motor of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 carves the magnetic circuit flow chart that torque is generated with radial load on startup.
In figure:1- outer rotors;4 pole permanent magnets of 2-Halbach array structures;3- stator cores;4- windings;The first electricity of 5-
Flow inverter;The second current inverters of 6-;7- forms two pairs of pole fields of torque;8- forms a pair of of pole field of suspending power.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the pouring-in non-bearing flake motor of winding torque current parallel of the present invention uses outer rotor knot
Structure can realize better heat dissipation performance.Most external is outer rotor 1, there is the stator iron concentric with outer rotor 1 inside outer rotor 1
The heart 3, outer rotor 1 also serve as the casing of motor.Closely 4 pole permanent magnet 2 of Surface Mount, every pole have 4 pieces on the inner surface of outer rotor 1
Small magnet forms, and 4 pole permanent magnets 2 use Halbach array structure, is 4 pole permanent magnets 2 of Halbach array structure.Stator iron
There is radial air gap between 3 and 4 pole permanent magnet 2 of the heart.Outer rotor 1 is used for fixed permanent magnet, prevents permanent magnet because of high speed centrifugation power
It causes to come off.
Stator core 3 is distributed uniformly and circumferentially by 6 armature tooths, and coil is wound on each armature tooth
4, the coil on 6 armature tooths is defined as coil U1, W2, V1, U2, W1, V2 successively counterclockwise, is in relative to axle center
Axisymmetric two coil winding-directions on the contrary, and two coil ends link together form a phase winding.Namely coil U1,
V1, W1 are pressed clockwise about on armature tooth, and coil U2, V2, W2 by being wound on armature tooth counterclockwise, coil U1 and coil U2 ends
It is connected and forms U phase windings, coil W1 is connected with coil W2 ends forms W phase windings, and coil V1 is connected with coil V2 ends forms V
Phase winding forms a traditional UVW three phase electric machine from structure.
4 pole permanent magnets 2 of Halbach array structure shown in Figure 2 are ranked sequentially figure, and the 4 of Halbach array structure
Pole permanent magnet 2 is made of 16 pieces of small magnets, and every piece of small magnet magnetizing direction in 16 pieces of small magnets is respectively than the two of adjacent both sides
Block small magnet magnetizing direction is clockwise, 45 degree of offset counterclockwise, that is,:As a certain piece of one of small magnet magnetizing direction than left side
During 45 degree of block small magnet magnetizing direction clockwise drift, then offset 45 more counterclockwise than one piece of small magnet magnetizing direction on right side
Degree, one piece of small magnet in left side and one piece of small magnet magnetizing direction on right side differ 90 degree.So it may be such that air gap flux density more
Close to sine, while the reduction of yoke portion magnetic flux so that the thickness of outer rotor 1 reduces, and reduces motor weight and volume.
Referring back to Fig. 3, the midpoint of two coils of each phase draws center line, is only injected into torque current so that torque electricity
Stream passes through in two coils from parallel connection of coils, draws 3 center lines altogether, 3 center line leading-out terminals are all connected with the first current inverter 5.In this way
Entire motor shares 9 leading-out terminals, wherein 3 center line leading-out terminals are connected with the first current inverter 5, by spaced three
Coil beginning is connected with the second current inverter 6, and spaced three coil beginning in addition is commonly connected to neutral point N
On, i.e., the end per phase winding is commonly connected on neutral point N.Namely:The beginning of three spaced coils U1, V1, W1
End is connected with the second current inverter 6, spaced three coil beginning U2, V2, W2 connection neutral point N in addition.With U phases
For, coil U2 beginnings are connected to neutral point N, and coil U1 beginnings are connected to the second current inverter inverter 6, coil
U1 is connected with the end of U2 and draws center line in junction, which is connected on the first current inverter 5, W phases and V phases with
U phases duplicate.First current inverter 5 only needs to provide torque current for winding, and the second current inverter 6 need it is same for winding
When suspending power electric current and torque current are provided, wherein the size for the torque current that the second current inverter 6 provides is the first electric current
The size 1/2 for the torque current that inverter 5 provides, the torque current phase and the first electric current that the second current inverter 6 provides are inverse
Become the torque current phase difference 180 degree that device 5 provides.Injected simultaneously at the beginning of every phase winding suspending power electric current and 1/2 amplitude,
The torque current of phase difference 180 degree.
Per phase armature winding all using concentrated and full-pitch windings, U, V, W three-phase windings being connected with the second current inverter 6 lead to
The electric current entered is followed successively by:U, V, the W tri- being connected with the first current inverter 5
The electric current that the midpoint of phase winding is passed through is followed successively by:imu、imv、imw, wherein, imu、imv、imwRespectively three-phase windings torque current point
Amount, ibu、ibv、ibwRespectively three-phase windings suspending power current component.Therefore the control electric current in each coil on armature tooth is
It is formed by stacking by torque current and suspending power electric current, each variable iu1、iv1、iw1、iu2、iv2、iw2Represent that each armature tooth is reached the standard grade respectively
Enclose the electric current of U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2, variable eu1、ev1、ew1、eu2、ev2、ew2It is represented respectively because of the turning effort of outer rotor 1
The induced electromotive force generated in each coil, arrow represent direction.
Therefore, the first current inverter 5 is connected with three center lines of three-phase windings, and the torque current being passed through is followed successively by:
imu、imv、imw, the second current inverter 6 is connected with three beginnings of three-phase windings, the suspending power electric current being passed through and torque electricity
Stream is followed successively by:Wherein, imu、imv、imwRespectively three-phase windings torque current
Component, ibu、ibv、ibwRespectively three-phase windings suspending power current component.
When the second current inverter 6 is only passed through suspending power electric current to winding, suspending power electric current passes through the same phase being connected
2 coil amplitudes it is identical with phase, therefore a pair of of pole field can be formed in motor, due to 4 poles on outer rotor 1 forever
2 number of pole-pairs of magnet is different, and induced electromotive force will not be generated in winding when outer rotor 1 rotates.When the first current inverter 5 and second
When current inverter 6 is respectively only passed through corresponding torque current to winding, electric current is identical in 2 coil amplitudes being connected but phase
Therefore position in motor on the contrary, can form two pairs of pole fields, with the interaction generation torque of 4 pole permanent magnets 2.Outer rotor 1
Rotary motion will generate induced voltage in winding.The every two mutually symmetrical coils to connect with the first current inverter 5
The amplitude of the induced electromotive force of interior generation and direction all same, and generated in two coils to connect with the second current inverter 6
Induced electromotive force amplitude it is identical and direction is opposite so that the two is cancelled out each other, and eliminates the second electricity to controlling suspending power
Flow the influence of 6 electric current of inverter.By taking U phases as an example, when the second current inverter 6 is passed through suspending power electric current i to windingbuWhen, electric current
The end for being flowed into coil U2 again through end is flowed by the beginning of coil U1, then is flowed out by coil U2 beginnings.According to right-handed helix
Rule, coil U1, U2 generate magnetic field to the right simultaneously, and magnetic induction line enters outer rotor 1 through right side stator tooth, air gap and permanent magnet,
Then left side stator tooth is flowed into from the permanent magnet in left side, air gap, ultimately forms closed magnetic field circuit.When the first current inverter 5
Corresponding torque current is passed through to winding respectively with the second current inverter 6, electric current is made to separately flow into the end of coil U1 by center line
End and the end of coil U2, then flowed out by the beginning of coil U1 and the beginning of coil U2.According to right-hand screw rule, coil U1 productions
Raw magnetic field to the right, and coil U2 generates magnetic field to the left, magnetic induction line is respectively through right side stator tooth, air gap, permanent magnet and left side
Stator tooth, air gap, permanent magnet enter outer rotor 1, then are flowed back to through remaining 4 stator tooth, ultimately form closed magnetic field circuit.Thus
As it can be seen that it is passed through to each phase winding of the first current inverter 5 and the second current inverter 6 this 2 inverters connections respectively corresponding
Electric current after, can be formed in motor number of pole-pairs difference for 1 magnetic field, and cause winding in generate induced electromotive force only shadow
Ring electric current of the electric current of the first current inverter 5 without influencing the second current inverter 6.
Torque and suspending power generate schematic diagram when U phase currents initial phase shown in Figure 4 is 0 degree, wherein 7 in order to control
A pair of of pole field 8 of two pairs of pole fields 7,8 of torque suspending power in order to control.By the first current inverter 5 give coil U1, U2 it
Between middle line end be passed through torque current imu, the second current inverter 6 be passed through suspending power and torque current to coil U1 beginnings:So that the magnetic field interaction that the magnetic field that torque current generates is generated with permanent magnet, traction outer rotor 1 presses alternation
The rotating excitation field direction movement that electric current generates.The magnetic field that suspending power electric current generates and the magnetic field that torque current generates are superimposed,
Left side air-gap field weakens between motor stator, outer rotor 1 and right side air-gap field enhances, due to electric between stator, outer rotor 1
Magnetic attraction and air gap flux density it is square directly proportional, therefore rotor will be by horizontal direction (x from left to right in a Fig. 4
Axis direction) electromagnetic force Fx.As long as the position of detection motor outer rotor 1 in real time, can adjust 1 displacement of outer rotor as needed
Direction generates required suspending power by the electric current for controlling suspending power, make outer rotor 1 always in suspended state and stator,
Air gap between outer rotor 1 is uniform.