CN105274374A - Preparation method for Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1H4-based hydrogen storage material - Google Patents

Preparation method for Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1H4-based hydrogen storage material Download PDF

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CN105274374A
CN105274374A CN201510578254.6A CN201510578254A CN105274374A CN 105274374 A CN105274374 A CN 105274374A CN 201510578254 A CN201510578254 A CN 201510578254A CN 105274374 A CN105274374 A CN 105274374A
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powder
hydrogen storage
storage material
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CN105274374B (en
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斯庭智
马勇
王新远
张庆安
柳东明
李永涛
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Shanghai Hydrogen Investment Technology Co ltd
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Anhui University of Technology AHUT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for a Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1H4-based hydrogen storage material, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: obtaining Ni(Co) solid solution powder by virtue of wet ball-milling; according to components of a master alloy Mg2Ni1-xCox (x=0.1-0.2), sintering certain amount of solid solution and Mg powder in vacuum to obtain the master alloy, wherein the chemical component range of the master alloy is as follows: 65-70% (in atomic percentage) of Mg and the balance of Ni+Co, Co accounting for 10-20% (in atomic percentage) of Ni+Co; then, putting sintered alloy into a hydrogenation furnace for hydrogenation to obtain a target hydrogen storage material which consists of 85-90wt% of a Mg2Ni0.9Co0.1H4 matrix phase, 6-7wt% of MgH2 and 4-8wt% of MgNi3Co. The hydrogen storage material has high hydrogen storage capacity (greater than 3.5wt%), a low initial hydrogen desorption temperature (220 DEG C) and excellent hydrogen desorption dynamic performance. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the remarkable characteristics that the process is simple, efficient, high in yield and free of pollution.

Description

A kind of Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrogen storage material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material.
Background technology
In metal hydrogen storage material, due to low price, low weight density and high hydrogen storage capability (weight ratio 7.6wt%), metal M g is considered to the most promising hydrogen storage material.But slow suction hydrogen desorption kinetics and high thermodynamic stability, limit its further application.People introduce transition metal (TM) in Mg, form Mg-TM-H system hydride by changing phase structure, can reach the object improving Magnuminium storage hydrogen thermodynamics and kinetics performance.This approach comprises two kinds of situations: one is prepare stable intermetallic compound Mg by the usual way such as melting, sintering 2ni, then direct hydrogenation forms Mg 2niH 4hydride; Although another kind of situation there is not stable Mg-TM (TM=Co, Fe, Cr, Mn etc.) intermetallic compound, Mg can be prepared by the method for reaction under high pressure ball milling 2feH 6, Mg 2coH 5, Mg 3crH ~ 6and Mg 3mnH ~ 6in hydride.Because a rear hydrogen-like compound is generally prepared (needing the hydrogen pressure up to ~ GPa and long reaction ball milling) under unconventional means, in fact their large-scale application is very difficult.
Mg 2niH 4there is the hydride of two kinds of different structures, i.e. high temperature cubic structure (LT) and low temperature monocline (HT).In order to improve Mg further 2niH 4hydrogen storage property, people attempt development Mg-Ni-Co-H quaternary material new system.The Mg of nano-crystalline and amorphous can be prepared by melt-blown method 2ni 1-xco x(x=0-0.4) alloy; Although nano-crystalline and amorphous can improve the hydrogen storage property of alloy, but Co can not form any hydride together with other elements, the beneficial effect of Co to hydrogen storage property do not have be effectively played [Y.H.Zhang, B.W.Li, H.P.Ren, etal., JournalofAlloysandCompounds, 509 (2011), 2808.].In addition, melt-blowing equipment investment is large, productive rate is low, and it is not suitable for the demand that industrialization is produced.In the recent period, people study and have found that structure is different from LT and HT type Mg completely 2niH 4mg 2ni 0.5co 0.5h 4.4and Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4two kinds of New Hydrogen compounds.Wherein, by Mg, Ni, Co powder under the hydrogen pressure being greater than 7MPa, under the rotational speed of ball-mill of 400 ~ 800rpm, long-time reaction ball milling obtains Mg 2ni 0.5co 0.5h 4.4hydride [Yu.Verbovytskyy, J.Zhang, F.Cuevas, etal., JournalofAlloysandCompounds, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.12092.].Although at Mg prepared by fast quenching+mechanical alloying two-step approach 60ni 30la 10-xco xa small amount of Mg has been found in (x=2,4) alloy hydride sample 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4hydride [Lv Peng, Guilin: Guilin Electronic Science and Technology Univ., 2014.], but, from Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4hydride stores up the angle of hydrogen application on a large scale, with Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4for the novel hydrogen storage material of base and new preparation method's needs obtain further breakthrough.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides that a kind of technique is simple, efficient, productive rate high, free of contamination preparation Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the method of based hydrogen storage material.
The present invention prepares Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the method of based hydrogen storage material, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) be 10 ~ 20% in the atomic percent of Co in Ni+Co, take Co powder and Ni powder remaining as the ratio of Ni;
(2) pour in stainless steel jar mill by Co powder and Ni powder, add stainless steel abrading-ball by ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, pour industrial spirit into and powder and stainless steel abrading-ball are flooded, sealed tank cap, is placed in ball mill wet ball grinding by stainless steel jar mill;
(3), after ball milling terminates, dry in an oven and remove industrial spirit, obtain Ni (Co) solid-solution powder;
(4) taking atomic percent is that the Mg powder of 65 ~ 70% and Ni (Co) solid-solution powder of residue atomic percent carry out ball milling mixing, ratio of grinding media to material 20:1 during ball milling mixing;
(5) alloy powder that step (4) mixes is placed on stainless steel to burn in boat, in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum sintering obtains Mg 2ni 1-xco xsintered alloy, wherein, x=0.1 ~ 0.2;
(6) by the Mg of sintering 2ni 1-xco xalloy is placed in hydrogenation furnace hydrogenation, obtains Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material.
In described step (1), the granularity of Co powder and Ni powder is not less than 200 orders, purity is not less than 99.5%.
In described step (2), the time of wet ball grinding is 30 ~ 50h, and drum's speed of rotation is 150 ~ 250rpm.
In described step (3), industrial spirit dries 0.5 ~ 1h removal in 30 ~ 50 DEG C of baking ovens.
In described step (4), the granularity of Mg powder is not less than 200 orders, purity is not less than 99.5%;
In described step (4), drum's speed of rotation is 100 ~ 300rpm, and Ball-milling Time is 0.5 ~ 1.5h.
In described step (5), vacuum sintering is carried out in 550 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces, and the vacuum sintering time is 15 ~ 25h.
In described step (6), the hydrogen pressure in hydrogenation furnace is 3 ~ 5MPa, temperature is 300 DEG C, and hydrogenation time is 2h.
The Mg that preparation method of the present invention obtains 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material, it is by the Mg of 85 ~ 90wt% 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the MgH of matrix phase, 6 ~ 7wt% 2with the MgNi of 4 ~ 8wt% 3co phase composite.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, this invention has successfully prepared a kind of Mg first 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material system, the Mg in material 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4matrix phase phase content is greater than 85wt%, thus makes material have high hydrogen storage capability (being greater than 3.5wt%).
2, sintered by Ni (Co) sosoloid of Mg powder and wet ball grinding and prepare mother alloy, containing a small amount of MgNi in mother alloy 3co phase, it is the cenotype of a kind of undiscovered (report), and this cenotype has the characteristic of magnesium-yttrium-transition metal, and the hydrogen storage property of alloy has good katalysis, in conjunction with Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the high reactivity of matrix self makes material system have low initial hydrogen discharging temperature (220 DEG C) and excellent hydrogen desorption kinetics performance.
3, this preparation method has that technique is simple, efficient, high, the free of contamination distinguishing feature of productive rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Ni (Co) solid-solution powder X-ray diffractogram prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Mg prepared by the present invention 2ni 1-xco xthe X-ray diffractogram of (x=0.1 ~ 0.2) sintered alloy.
Fig. 3 is Mg prepared by the present invention 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the X-ray diffractogram of based hydrogen storage material.
Fig. 4 is Mg prepared by the present invention 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material intensification Hydrogen desorption isotherms.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
By Ni 0.9co 0.1composition take Ni powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) and Co powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) respectively, totally 50 grams, Ni powder and Co powder.The Ni powder taken and Co powder are put into stainless steel jar mill, adds stainless steel abrading-ball by ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, then pour industrial spirit into and ball and material are flooded, ball sealer grinding jar lid.Ball grinder is placed in ball mill wet ball grinding 40h, drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm.After ball milling terminates, 40 DEG C in an oven, 0.5h oven dry removing industrial spirit, obtain the Ni of high chemical stability 0.9cu 0.1solid-solution powder, powder is made up of (see Fig. 1: Ni (Co) solid-solution powder X-ray diffractogram) single Ni (Co) solid solution phase.By Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1composition take Mg powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) and Ni respectively 0.9co 0.1solid-solution powder totally 80 grams, puts it in stainless steel jar mill and carries out ball milling mixing.Ratio of grinding media to material 20:1 during ball milling mixing, drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm, and Ball-milling Time is 0.5h.The alloy powder of mixing is placed on stainless steel and burns in boat, and in vacuum sintering furnace, 550 DEG C of vacuum sintering 20h obtain Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1alloy, sintered alloy is by Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1with a small amount of Mg and MgNi 3co phase composite is (see Fig. 2: Mg 2ni 1-xco xthe X-ray diffractogram of (x=0.1 ~ 0.2) sintered alloy).Finally sintered alloy is placed in hydrogenation furnace, at 3MPa hydrogen pressure and 300 DEG C, hydrogenation 2h obtains Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material; Calculate through X-ray diffraction Rietveld method, it is by the Mg of 90wt% 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the MgH of matrix phase, 6wt% 2with the MgNi of 4wt% 3co phase composite is (see Fig. 3: Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the X-ray diffractogram of based hydrogen storage material).Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material puts hydrogen from 220 DEG C, puts hydrogen substantially complete to 320 DEG C, and hydrogen desorption capacity is 3.72wt% (Fig. 4: Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material intensification Hydrogen desorption isotherms).Put hydrogen sample identical with the phase composite of mother alloy, show that the hydrogen storage material prepared has good reversibility.
Embodiment 2
By Ni 0.85co 0.15composition take Ni powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) and Co powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) respectively, totally 50 grams, Ni powder and Co powder.The Ni powder taken and Co powder are put into stainless steel jar mill, adds stainless steel abrading-ball by ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, then pour industrial spirit into and ball and material are flooded, ball sealer grinding jar lid.Ball grinder is placed in ball mill wet ball grinding 40h, drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm.After ball milling terminates, 40 DEG C in an oven, 0.5h oven dry removing industrial spirit, obtain the Ni of high chemical stability 0.9cu 0.1solid-solution powder, powder is made up of (see Fig. 1: Ni (Co) solid-solution powder X-ray diffractogram) single Ni (Co) solid solution phase.By Mg 2ni 0.85co 0.15composition take Mg powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) and Ni respectively 0.85co 0.15solid-solution powder totally 80 grams, puts it in stainless steel jar mill and carries out ball milling mixing.Ratio of grinding media to material 20:1 during ball milling mixing, drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm, and Ball-milling Time is 0.5h.The alloy powder of mixing is placed on stainless steel and burns in boat, and in vacuum sintering furnace, 550 DEG C of vacuum sintering 20h obtain Mg 2ni 0.85co 0.15alloy, sintered alloy is by Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1with a small amount of Mg and MgNi 3co phase composite is (see Fig. 2: Mg 2ni 1-xco xthe X-ray diffractogram of (x=0.1 ~ 0.2) sintered alloy).Finally sintered alloy is placed in hydrogenation furnace, at 3MPa hydrogen pressure and 300 DEG C, hydrogenation 2h obtains Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material; Calculate through X-ray diffraction Rietveld method, it is by the Mg of 88wt% 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the MgH of matrix phase, 6wt% 2with the MgNi of 6wt% 3co phase composite is (see Fig. 3: Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the X-ray diffractogram of based hydrogen storage material).Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material puts hydrogen from 220 DEG C, puts hydrogen substantially complete to 320 DEG C, and hydrogen desorption capacity is 3.65wt% (Fig. 4: Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material intensification Hydrogen desorption isotherms).Put hydrogen sample consistent with the phase composite of mother alloy, show that the hydrogen storage material prepared has good reversibility.
Embodiment 3
By Ni 0.8co 0.2composition take Ni powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) and Co powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) respectively, totally 50 grams, Ni powder and Co powder.The Ni powder taken and Co powder are put into stainless steel jar mill, adds stainless steel abrading-ball by ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, then pour industrial spirit into and ball and material are flooded, ball sealer grinding jar lid.Ball grinder is placed in ball mill wet ball grinding 40h, drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm.After ball milling terminates, 40 DEG C in an oven, 0.5h oven dry removing industrial spirit, obtain the Ni of high chemical stability 0.8cu 0.2solid-solution powder, powder is made up of (see Fig. 1: Ni (Co) solid-solution powder X-ray diffractogram) single Ni (Co) solid solution phase.By Mg 2ni 0.8co 0.2composition take Mg powder (granularity 200 order, purity 99.5%) and Ni respectively 0.8co 0.2solid-solution powder totally 80 grams, puts it in stainless steel jar mill and carries out ball milling mixing.Ratio of grinding media to material 20:1 during ball milling mixing, drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm, and Ball-milling Time is 0.5h.The alloy powder of mixing is placed on stainless steel and burns in boat, and in vacuum sintering furnace, 550 DEG C of vacuum sintering 20h obtain Mg 2ni 0.8co 0.2alloy, sintered alloy is by Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1with a small amount of Mg and MgNi 3co phase composite is (see Fig. 2: Mg 2ni 1-xco xthe X-ray diffractogram of (x=0.1 ~ 0.2) sintered alloy).Finally sintered alloy is placed in hydrogenation furnace, at 3MPa hydrogen pressure and 300 DEG C, hydrogenation 2h obtains Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material; Calculate through X-ray diffraction Rietveld method, it is by the Mg of 85wt% 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the MgH of matrix phase, 7wt% 2with the MgNi of 8wt% 3co phase composite is (see Fig. 3: Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the X-ray diffractogram of based hydrogen storage material).Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material puts hydrogen from 220 DEG C, puts hydrogen substantially complete to 320 DEG C, and hydrogen desorption capacity is 3.56wt% (Fig. 4: Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material intensification Hydrogen desorption isotherms).Put hydrogen sample consistent with the phase composite of mother alloy, show that the hydrogen storage material prepared has good reversibility.

Claims (9)

1. a Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) be 10 ~ 20% in the atomic percent of Co in Ni+Co, take Co powder and Ni powder remaining as the ratio of Ni;
(2) pour in stainless steel jar mill by Co powder and Ni powder, add stainless steel abrading-ball by ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, pour industrial spirit into and powder and stainless steel abrading-ball are flooded, sealed tank cap, is placed in ball mill wet ball grinding by stainless steel jar mill;
(3), after ball milling terminates, dry in an oven and remove industrial spirit, obtain Ni (Co) solid-solution powder;
(4) taking atomic percent is that the Mg powder of 65 ~ 70% and Ni (Co) solid-solution powder of residue atomic percent carry out ball milling mixing, ratio of grinding media to material 20:1 during ball milling mixing;
(5) alloy powder that step (4) mixes is placed on stainless steel to burn in boat, in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum sintering obtains Mg 2ni 1-xco xsintered alloy, wherein, x=0.1 ~ 0.2;
(6) by the Mg of sintering 2ni 1-xco xalloy is placed in hydrogenation furnace hydrogenation, obtains Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material.
2. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (1), the granularity of Co powder and Ni powder is not less than 200 orders, purity is not less than 99.5%.
3. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (2), the time of wet ball grinding is 30 ~ 50h, and drum's speed of rotation is 150 ~ 250rpm.
4. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (3), industrial spirit dries 0.5 ~ 1h removal in 30 ~ 50 DEG C of baking ovens.
5. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (4), the granularity of Mg powder is not less than 200 orders, purity is not less than 99.5%.
6. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (4), drum's speed of rotation is 100 ~ 300rpm, and Ball-milling Time is 0.5 ~ 1.5h.
7. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (5), vacuum sintering is carried out in 550 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces, and the vacuum sintering time is 15 ~ 25h.
8. Mg as claimed in claim 1 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4the preparation method of based hydrogen storage material, is characterized in that, in step (6), the hydrogen pressure in hydrogenation furnace is 3 ~ 5MPa, temperature is 300 DEG C, and hydrogenation time is 2h.
9. one kind as arbitrary in claim 1 ~ 8 as described in preparation method obtain Mg 2ni 0.9co 0.1h 4based hydrogen storage material.
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