CN105255516A - Gasoline desulfurization combination method - Google Patents
Gasoline desulfurization combination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105255516A CN105255516A CN201510643066.7A CN201510643066A CN105255516A CN 105255516 A CN105255516 A CN 105255516A CN 201510643066 A CN201510643066 A CN 201510643066A CN 105255516 A CN105255516 A CN 105255516A
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Abstract
The invention provides a gasoline desulfurization combination method. The combination method includes the following steps that gasoline raw materials are cut into light fractions and heavy fractions; the heavy fractions are extracted and distilled through organic solvents, and olefin-containing raffinate and sulfide-and-arene-containing extract are obtained; the organic solvents in the extract are separated, and extract oil is obtained; selective hydrogen desulfurization is carried out on the extract oil, and desulfurized heavy fractions are obtained; the light fractions, the raffinate and the desulfurized heavy fractions are mixed, and desulfurized gasoline is obtained. The cutting temperature of the light fractions and the heavy fractions ranges from 35 DEG C to 60 DEG C. By means of the combination method, losses of the octane value of gasoline products can be remarkably reduced while deep desulfurization is achieved, and the product yield is higher than 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of gasoline desulfur, particularly relate to a kind of combined method of gasoline desulfur.
Background technology
Along with people are to the pay attention to day by day of environment protection, the new environmental regulation of countries in the world is further strict to the requirement of quality of gasoline.Such as, the state V motor spirit standard that China was about to implement on January 1st, 2017 will require that olefin(e) centent is below 25%, and sulphur content is at below 10ppm; The sulphur limit value of EPA (EPA) regulation gasoline is 30ppm (TierIl); The sulphur content of European requirements gasoline should lower than 50ppm (Europe IV emission standard).Therefore, deep desulfuration must be carried out to gasoline and just may reach related request.
Adsorption desulfurize is less on the impact of gasoline products octane value while removing gasoline stocks medium sulphide content, is therefore one of the sulfur method compared with tool potentiality, also has more report at present.Such as, the IRVAD technology developed jointly by Black & VeatchPritchardInc. and AlcoaIndustrialChemicals adopts multistage fluidized bed suction type, use alumina host selectivity solid adsorbent treatment liq hydro carbons, in adsorption process, sorbent material adverse current contacts with liquid hydrocarbon, and reverse the reaction with regenerative heat air-flow (such as hydrogen) of used sorbent material is regenerated.The desulfurization degree of this technology can reach more than 90%, but this sorbent material selectivity is not high, and absorption Sulfur capacity is limited, and regenerative process relative complex.
The S-Zorb technique of Phillips oil company research and development is under the condition of facing hydrogen, adopt a kind of specific sorbent material to carry out desulfurization, this sorbent material is using zinc oxide, silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide as carrier and the metal component such as load C o, Ni, Cu, it can adsorb the sulphur atom in sulfide, make it to retain on the sorbent, the hydrocarbon moieties of sulfide is then released back in process-stream, thus realizes sweetening process.This technique does not produce H in reaction process
2s, thus avoid H
2s and alkene react generation mercaptan again.But this desulfurization technology process conditions is relatively harsh, the temperature of desulphurization reaction is 343-413 DEG C, and pressure is 2.5-2.9MPa.
Although above-mentioned desulfurizing method by adsorption can reduce the loss of gasoline products octane value, but operation relative complex, and desulfurization depth is inadequate, is usually difficult to gasoline desulfur to below 10ppm.In addition, due to gasolene ingredient relative complex, the absorption and some one-tenth branch competes in adsorption desulfurize process, thus cause the defects such as the reduction of adsorption desulfurize efficiency, sorbent material shortening in work-ing life.
Hydrogenating desulfurization removes sulfide in petrol effective means the most.And, the compositions such as the alkene in hydrodesulfurization process in gasoline are saturated and cause loss of octane number, industrially usually first gasoline stocks to be distilled, thus be cut into two or more cut, wherein with non-hydrogenation desulfurization method, desulfurization is carried out to lighting end, thus avoid loss of octane number; Usually in selective hydrodesulfurization mode, desulfurization is carried out to last running, thus realizes deep desulfuration.
Such as, the FCC gasoline selective hydrogenation desulfurization process (RSDS-I) that Research Institute of Petro-Chemical Engineering developed in calendar year 2001, FCC gasoline cuts into gently by elder generation under the cutting temperature of 90 DEG C, last running, then alkali density mercaptan removal is carried out to lighting end, and adopt Primary Catalysts RSDS-I and protective material RGO-2 to carry out selective hydrodesulfurization to last running; And in the s-generation FCC gasoline selective hydrodesulfurization technology (RSDS-II) improved above-mentioned technique by cutting, the cut point of last running is down to 70 DEG C, and adopts the s-generation hydrogenation catalyst RSDS-21, RSDS-22 in last running selective hydrodesulfurization part.
The Prime-G+ technique of IFP (IFP) Axens company exploitation, adopt the technical process of the cutting of the pre-hydrogenation of full cut, weight gasoline and last running selective hydrodesulfurization, cutting temperature is set to 93-149 DEG C according to the target value of sulphur content by it, and in the pre-hydrogenation process of full cut, adopt HR845 catalyzer that trechmannite compound and diolefine effect are formed high boiling sulfide, therefore alkene is not saturated; In addition, in last running selective hydrodesulfurization, adopt HR806 and HR841 two kinds of catalyzer to carry out, operate more flexible.
Sinopec Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute exploitation OCT-M technique under the cutting temperature of 90 DEG C, FCC gasoline is cut into light, weigh two cuts, wherein mercaptan removal is carried out to lighting end, adopt FGH-20/FGH-11 combination catalyst to carry out selective hydrodesulfurization to last running.
The de-diolefin catalyzer of HDDO series, HDOS series deep hydrodesulfurizationof catalyzer, HDMS series mercaptan-eliminating catalyst and corresponding FCC gasoline selective hydrogenation desulfurization process (CDOS) that Shuande, sea is developed, first FCC gasoline is carried out dialkene removal reaction under lesser temps, hydro condition, then FCC gasoline is cut into light, weigh two components, and deep hydrodesulfurizationof is carried out to last running, the last running after hydrogenation and lighting end are in harmonious proportion and obtain low sulfur clean gasoline.
Aforesaid method is general higher to the cutting temperature of gasoline stocks, cut sulphur content in the lighting end formed relatively large, the non-hydrogenation desulfurization methods such as mercaptan removal are only relied on to be difficult to make the sulphur content of lighting end to be down to below 10ppm, when production sulphur content is less than the gasoline products of 10ppm, major part lighting end still needs hydrogenating desulfurization, thus the loss of octane number amount higher (such as up to 3.0-4.0) of full distillation gasoline.In addition, although above-mentioned hydrogenating desulfurization mode can make the sulphur content of gasoline greatly reduce, but existence is invested and process cost is high, makes a large amount of alkene be saturated while removing sulfide, has both added hydrogen consumption, has also made the octane value of gasoline significantly reduce.Therefore, a kind of gasoline desulfating method reducing gasoline products loss of octane number while realizing deep desulfuration is expected.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of combined method of gasoline desulfur, for solving sulfur method complicated operation of the prior art, and being difficult to realize deep desulfuration simultaneously and reduce the technological deficiencies such as loss of octane number.
The invention provides a kind of combined method of gasoline desulfur, comprise the steps:
Gasoline stocks is cut into lighting end and last running;
Adopt organic solvent to carry out extractive distillation to described last running, obtain the raffinate oil containing alkene and contain the extract of sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons;
Organic solvent in described extract is separated, is extracted oil;
Selective hydrodesulfurization is carried out to described extraction oil, obtains desulfurization last running;
By described lighting end, raffinate oil and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline;
Wherein, the cutting temperature of described lighting end and last running is 35-60 DEG C.
In the present invention, described gasoline stocks can be catalytically cracked gasoline etc.Described cutting be by gasoline stocks according to boiling range be cut into from low to high light, weigh two cuts; This area ordinary method can be adopted to carry out described cutting, such as distillation etc.Further, the cutting temperature of described lighting end and last running is 40-50 DEG C.
The present inventor finds after deliberation, when gasoline stocks being cut into lighting end and last running, inevitably the unsaturated hydrocarbons composition such as some alkene is retained in last running, in the process of the follow-up selective hydrodesulfurization to last running, the unsaturated hydrocarbons compositions such as alkene are saturated, thus cause the octane value of gasoline products to lose in a large number and a large amount of loss of hydrogen.In view of this problem, the present inventor first carries out extractive distillation to last running, thus the unsaturated hydrocarbons compositions such as alkene are separated from last running, follow-up to last running in other composition carry out a large amount of losses that not only can not cause octane value in selective hydrodesulfurization process, total desulfurization load can also be reduced significantly, therefore can also significantly reduce gasoline products loss of octane number while realizing deep desulfuration.
Further, according to the difference of gasoline stocks quality or cutting temperature, the sulphur content of lighting end after carrying out described cutting may higher than 10ppm, in such cases, the non-hydrogenation desulfurization method of the routine of this area can also be adopted to carry out desulfurization to lighting end, make the sulphur content of lighting end lower than 10ppm.Such as: after first can carrying out mercaptan removal process to described gasoline stocks, be cut into lighting end and last running again; Or, mix with described raffinate oil and desulfurization last running again after mercaptan removal process is carried out to described lighting end.Mercaptan removal process can make the sulphur content of lighting end be reduced to below 10ppm.
In the present invention, the ordinary method of this area can be adopted to carry out described mercaptan removal process, such as alkali density method or mercaptan conversion method etc.Alkali density method uses alkali lye to remove in mercaptan extracting to alkali lye, and in alkali lye, the mass content of alkali can be 5-50%, and oily alkali volume ratio can be (1-15): 1, and service temperature can be 10-60 DEG C; Mercaptan conversion method small molecules mercaptan is converted into other sulfide and removes, the modes such as the pre-hydrogenation in conventional alkali-free sweetening technique, Prime-G+ technique can be adopted to carry out, wherein alkali-free sweetening processing condition can be: reactor operating pressure 0.2-1.0MPa, temperature of reaction 20-60 DEG C, Feed space velocities 0.5-2.0h
-1, the volume ratio of air flow quantity and inlet amount is 0.2-1.0, the catalyzer that used catalyst and promotor all can be commonly used for this area.
Further, form mercaptan removal lighting end after mercaptan removal process is carried out to described lighting end and extract oil out, carry out selective hydrodesulfurization after described extraction oil can being merged with described extraction oil, described mercaptan removal lighting end is mixed with raffinate oil and desulfurization last running, obtains sweet gasoline.
In the present invention, the object of extractive distillation is by other component separating such as the compositions such as the alkene in last running, alkane, naphthenic hydrocarbon and sulfide, most of aromatic hydrocarbons and cyclenes, thus avoids the unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkene be saturated in subsequent selective hydrodesulfurization process and cause gasoline products octane value to reduce.Those skilled in the art can select the organic solvent that is suitable for and extractive distillation technique according to this object.Such as, described organic solvent can be selected from glycol ether, triglycol, Tetraglycol 99, methyl-sulphoxide, tetramethylene sulfone, N-N-formyl morpholine N-, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, polyoxyethylene glycol and propylene carbonate one or more, be one or more in triglycol, Tetraglycol 99 and tetramethylene sulfone further, the mixed solvent of such as triglycol and tetramethylene sulfone, the volume ratio of its sulfolan and triglycol can be (6-9): (4-1).Water content (i.e. the weight content of the water) < 1.0% controlling described organic solvent is favourable, can be 0.6-0.8% further.
In one embodiment, described extractive distillation comprises: described last running is entered from extraction distillation column middle and lower part, and organic solvent enters from extraction distillation column top; Wherein, the theoretical plate number of described extraction distillation column is 25-45, and tower top temperature is 70-110 DEG C, column bottom temperature is 150-190 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is 0.1-0.5MPa, and the charge ratio (i.e. volume ratio) of organic solvent and last running is 1.0-5.0, and reflux ratio is 0.1-4.0.Under this extractive distillation condition, the alkene in last running and the separation degree of aromatic hydrocarbons can reach more than 90%, good separating effect.
In above-mentioned extractive distillation process, last running contacts through multi-stage countercurrent in extraction distillation column with organic solvent, partial vulcanization thing when last running is flowed out from extraction distillation column top, composition such as major part aromatic hydrocarbons and cyclenes etc. is extracted and removes, thus formed containing alkene, alkane, the extract remainder of the compositions such as naphthenic hydrocarbon, extract remainder is after condenser condenses, part backflow, to maintain the heat balance in extraction distillation column tower, and ensure that the stable of extractive distillation carries out and product separation precision, wherein reflux ratio (namely for the volume ratio between the extract remainder that refluxes and the extract remainder distillated) is 0.1-4.0, the solvent having extracted sulfide in last running and aromatic hydrocarbons goes out from tower bottom flow, forms extract, wherein containing rich sulphur component (comprising sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclenes etc.), water and solvent.
Further, the theoretical plate number of described extraction distillation column is 30-35, and tower top temperature is 80-100 DEG C, and column bottom temperature is 160-180 DEG C, and absolute pressure of top of the tower is 0.3-0.4MPa, and the charge ratio of organic solvent and last running is 2.0-3.0, and reflux ratio is 0.2-2.0.
In addition, can wash above-mentioned extract remainder, thus remove organic solvent wherein, form raffinate oil; When washing, the consumption (amount based on extract remainder) that can control water is 1-10%, such as, be 2-4%.
Further, separating treatment can be carried out to above-mentioned extract, thus the rich sulphur component in extract, water, organic solvent are separated, isolated water can be used for washing extract remainder, isolated organic solvent can be used for above-mentioned extractive distillation, and isolated rich sulphur component (i.e. extraction oil) carries out selective hydrodesulfurization subsequently.
In one embodiment, described separation comprises: described extract is entered from solvent recovery tower middle and upper part, and steam (water vapor) enters from solvent recovery tower bottom; Wherein, the theoretical plate number of described solvent recovery tower is 10-30, tower top temperature is 50-100 DEG C, column bottom temperature is 150-200 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is 0.03-0.07MPa, the charge ratio (i.e. mass ratio) of steam and extract is (0.1-0.5): 100, and reflux ratio is 0.2-4.0.
In above-mentioned solvent recovery tower, rich sulphur component is separated with solvent, and wherein solvent carries out recycle from entering extraction distillation column after tower bottom flow goes out; Rich sulphur component and steam flow out from tower top, after condensation, adopt usual manner (such as vacuumizing) dehydration, be extracted oil (i.e. rich sulphur component), extraction oil carries out selective hydrodesulfurization subsequently, the water that a part removes is for backflow, to maintain the heat balance in solvent recovery tower tower, ensure that sepn process is stable to carry out, wherein reflux ratio (namely for the volume ratio between the water that refluxes and the water distillated) is 0.2-4.0, and remaining water is used for the washing to extract remainder.
Further, the theoretical plate number of described solvent recovery tower is 15-25, and tower top temperature is 60-80 DEG C, column bottom temperature is 165-185 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is 0.04-0.06MPa, and the charge ratio of steam and extract is (0.3-0.4): 100, and reflux ratio is 0.5-2.0.
In one embodiment, described extractive distillation can comprise with being separated:
Last running is entered from extraction distillation column middle and lower part, and organic solvent enters from extraction distillation column top, and extraction distillation column overhead streams effluent forms the extract remainder containing alkene, and extraction distillation column bottom stream forms the extract containing sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons;
Above-mentioned extract remainder is entered in water wash column wash, obtain the raffinate oil containing alkene;
Above-mentioned extract is entered from solvent recovery tower middle and upper part, steam enters from solvent recovery tower bottom, solvent recovery tower bottom stream forms organic solvent, and solvent recovery tower overhead streams effluent forms the mixture of rich sulphur component (containing sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclenes etc.) and water;
Said mixture is entered in rich sulphur oil tank be separated, form extraction oil and water, a water part for formation is back to solvent recovery tower, and another part is back to water wash column.
Further, water outlet at the bottom of water wash column tower can be made to enter water stripper tower top and to carry out stripping, water stripper overhead streams effluent (micro-content organism that namely institute's stripping goes out from water) can enter return tank subsequently and be separated, and water stripper bottom stream (i.e. solvent-laden water) can enter subsequently at the bottom of solvent recovery tower tower and carry out solvent recuperation.Be typically provided with reboiler bottom water stripper, its stripped vapor produced can be used as the steam source of solvent recovery tower.
In return tank, organism is undertaken being separated (such as vacuumizing) by usual manner with water, isolated organism enters at the bottom of extraction distillation column tower subsequently, and isolated water enters water stripper tower top after can merging with water outlet at the bottom of water wash column tower and carries out stripping.
In addition, a part of organic solvent at the bottom of solvent recovery tower tower can be made as the thermal source of water stripper bottom reboiler, then with the extract heat exchange at the bottom of extraction distillation column tower, then be back to extractive distillation column overhead; Another part organic solvent can enter in the middle part of solvent regeneration tower, and the steam simultaneously produced at the bottom of water stripper tower enters solvent reclamation tower bottom and carries out steam distillation to solvent, and solvent regeneration tower overhead streams effluent enters at the bottom of solvent recovery tower tower.
Aforesaid way can not only carry out recycle to organic solvent, can also ensure the use properties of whole system circulating solvent, is conducive to economizing on resources and the energy simultaneously.
In the present invention, the ordinary method of this area can be adopted to carry out described selective hydrodesulfurization, selective desulfurization method or other selectivity process for deep desulphurization such as such as S-zorb, RSDS, OCT-M, Prime-G+, CODS also can be the combination of the two or more methods in aforesaid method.
In one embodiment, described extraction oil and hydrogen can be carried out described selective hydrodesulfurization under the effect of catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing; Wherein, the temperature that can control described selective hydrodesulfurization is 200-300 DEG C, and pressure is 1.5-2.5MPa, and volume space velocity is 1-5h
-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 400-600.
The present invention does not make considered critical to described catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing, can be the catalyzer of this area routine.In one embodiment, described catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing can be publication number is catalyzer disclosed in the Chinese patent of CN104673376A.Particularly, described catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing can be obtained by carrier loaded active metal components; Wherein, described carrier can be molecular sieve (such as X-type, Y type or ZSM-5 type) or metal oxide (such as aluminium sesquioxide), described active metal can comprise Co and Mo, Co and Mo total loading amount on the carrier can be 5-20%.Further, the mass ratio of Co and the Mo of supported on carriers is (0.2-0.6): 1.
In the present invention, mix with described lighting end and desulfurization last running again after first can also carrying out adsorption desulfurize to described raffinate oil.Particularly, desulfuration adsorbent can be utilized to carry out described adsorption desulfurize, and the present invention does not make considered critical to adopted desulfuration adsorbent, can be the desulfuration adsorbent of this area routine.
In one embodiment, described desulfuration adsorbent can be publication number is desulfuration adsorbent disclosed in the Chinese patent of CN104667861A.Particularly, described desulfuration adsorbent is by obtaining as composite carrier load active metal components through the molecular sieve of alkaline purification and gac respectively; Wherein, described active metal is selected from one or more elements in periodictable IA, VIII, IB, IIB and group vib, and the charge capacity of described active metal on complex carrier is 2-30%, is preferably 5-25%, more preferably 5-20%.
Further, in described complex carrier, the mass ratio of molecular sieve and gac is (20-80): (80-20), is preferably (20-60): (80-40); Wherein, the type of molecular sieve can be X-type, Y type or ZSM-5 type, and the present invention is to adopted X-type and type ZSM 5 molecular sieve and gac without strict restriction, and the specific surface of gac can be 1000m usually
2about/g; The framework silicon-aluminum atomic ratio of described Y zeolite is not less than 3.0 (xrd method mensuration).
In addition, described active metal is selected from least 2 kinds in Ni, Fe, Ag, Co, Mo, Zn and K.Wherein, the charge capacity of Ni on complex carrier can be 10-30%; The charge capacity of Fe on complex carrier can be 5-15%; The charge capacity of Ag on complex carrier can be 5-10%; The charge capacity of Co on complex carrier can be 5-10%; The charge capacity of Mo on complex carrier can be 5-10%; The charge capacity of Zn on complex carrier can be 5-15%; The charge capacity of K on complex carrier can be 5-15%.This charge capacity is the charge capacity on often kind of each comfortable complex carrier of active metal.
Further, the charge capacity of described active metal on complex carrier is 2-30%, is preferably 5-25%, more preferably 5-20%.On complex carrier during the two or more active metal of load, described charge capacity is the total loading amount of active metal.
In one embodiment, described active metal is K and Ni; Further, the charge capacity of K on complex carrier is 5-15%, the Ni charge capacity on complex carrier is 10-25%; Further, on complex carrier, the mass ratio of K and the Ni of load is (0.2-0.5): 1.
In another embodiment, described active metal is Zn and Fe; Further, the charge capacity of Zn on complex carrier is 5-15%, the Fe charge capacity on complex carrier is 8-15%; Further, on complex carrier, the mass ratio of Zn and the Fe of load is (0.5-1): 1.
It is that method disclosed in the Chinese patent of CN104667861A is prepared and regenerates that above-mentioned desulfuration adsorbent can refer to publication number.
Further, described adsorption desulfurize utilizes fixed bed atmospheric pressure to carry out, and the temperature that can control adsorption desulfurize is 20-100 DEG C, such as 30-80 DEG C, and the flow velocity of extraction oil is 0.3-1mL/min.Adsorption desulfurize of the present invention only carries out the raffinate oil formed through extractive distillation, owing to eliminating aromatic hydrocarbons in raffinate oil, therefore effectively can avoid the competitive adsorption that aromatic hydrocarbons is caused in adsorption desulfurize process, desulfuration efficiency up to 100%, and can extend the work-ing life of sorbent material.
In addition, the rich sulphur oil formed after adsorption desulfurize can be incorporated in above-mentioned extraction oil and carry out selective hydrodesulfurization.
Enforcement of the present invention, at least has following advantage:
1, the combined method of gasoline desulfur of the present invention, based on the research to composition distributions such as sulphur, alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline stocks, first under specific cutting temperature, gasoline stocks is cut into lighting end and last running, subsequently extractive distillation is carried out to last running, while partial desulfurization, make the compositions such as alkene be separated from last running, follow-up to last running in other composition carry out a large amount of losses that not only can not cause octane value in selective hydrodesulfurization process, total desulfurization load can also be reduced significantly.
2, gasoline stocks is not only cut into different fractions according to cutting temperature by the combined method of gasoline desulfur of the present invention, composition characteristic also in conjunction with last running divides its component, and desulfurization is targetedly carried out to each component after dividing, whole sweetening process is meticulousr and efficient.
3, the combined method of gasoline desulfur of the present invention is by Optimized Extraction distil process, thus can make alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons high separation, and resolution can reach more than 90%; Further, alkene also helps the competitive adsorption caused by avoiding in subsequent adsorbtion sweetening process with being separated of aromatic hydrocarbons, and adsorption desulfurize efficiency can up to 100%, and the work-ing life of sorbent material extends greatly.
4, gasoline desulfur of the present invention combined method produce sweet gasoline in sulphur content reach below 10ppm, octane value does not only almost lose and even slightly improves, and product yield > 95% in addition, the quality of sweet gasoline product is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The process flow sheet of the combined method of the gasoline desulfur that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 1;
The process flow sheet of the combined method of the gasoline desulfur that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 2;
The process flow sheet of the combined method of the gasoline desulfur that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 4;
The process flow sheet of the combined method of the gasoline desulfur that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 5;
Fig. 5 is extractive distillation and the process flow sheet be separated in the combined method of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1, catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing is prepared
First adopt CoSO
4solution carries out incipient impregnation to type ZSM 5 molecular sieve (carrier), after washing, drying and roasting, then adopts (NH
4)
6mo
7o
24.4H
2the aqueous solution of O is to flooding CoSO
4the type ZSM 5 molecular sieve of solution carries out incipient impregnation, after washing, drying and roasting, and obtained catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing.
Total specific surface of the catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing of above-mentioned preparation is 168m
2about/g, total pore volume is that about 0.378mL/g, the Co charge capacity on carrier is about the charge capacity of 7%, Mo on carrier and is about 10%, and the mass ratio of Co and the Mo of supported on carriers is 0.7:1.
2, gasoline desulfur
The catalytic gasoline produced through catalytic cracking with grand celebration atmospheric residue is raw material (its composition is in table 1), carries out the technical process of desulfurization as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 to this gasoline stocks.
2.1 gasoline stocks cuttings
Above-mentioned gasoline stocks is cut into lighting end and last running, and wherein gently, the cutting temperature of last running is 50 DEG C, that is: lighting end is the cut of < 50 DEG C, and double distilled is divided into the cut of > 50 DEG C.
2.2 mercaptan removal process
In extraction system, make lighting end contact with alkaline solution carry out mercaptan removal process, wherein adopted alkali is the NaOH solution of mass content 20%, and the volume ratio of lighting end and NaOH solution is 5:1, and service temperature is 30 DEG C, collects mercaptan removal lighting end and extracts oil out.
2.3 extractive distillations be separated
Adopt organic solvent to carry out extractive distillation to above-mentioned last running, obtain the raffinate oil containing alkene and contain the extract of sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons; Organic solvent in extract is separated, is extracted oil; Wherein, technical process as shown in Figure 5, specifically comprises:
Above-mentioned last running is entered from extraction distillation column 101 middle and lower part, and organic solvent enters from extraction distillation column 101 top, and last running contacts through multi-stage countercurrent in extraction distillation column 101 with organic solvent, carries out desulfurizing and dearomatizing; Wherein, organic solvent is the double solvents mixed by tetramethylene sulfone and triglycol, the volume ratio of double solvents sulfolan and triglycol is 8:2, the water content < 1.0% of double solvents, extraction distillation column 101 theoretical plate number is 30, and extraction distillation column 101 tower top temperature is about 80 DEG C, and column bottom temperature is about 160 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is about 0.3MPa, and the charge ratio of organic solvent and last running is about 3.0.
Gasoline fraction through desulfurizing and dearomatizing is drawn from extraction distillation column 101 tower top, obtains the extract remainder containing alkene, the backflow of an extract remainder part, and wherein reflux ratio is about 0.6; And the rich solvent having extracted sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons is drawn from the bottom of extraction distillation column 101, be extracted thing, it contains rich sulphur component (comprising sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclenes etc.), water and solvent.In extraction distillation column 101, the resolution of alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons reaches 92%.
Above-mentioned extract remainder enters the organic solvent that water wash column 102 carries out washing to remove wherein subsequently, and water wash column overhead streams effluent forms the raffinate oil containing alkene, and water wash column 102 bottom stream forms water (washing water); When washing, the consumption (amount based on extract remainder) controlling water is about 3%.
Above-mentioned extract enters the middle part of solvent recovery tower 103 subsequently, stripped vapor simultaneously from water stripper 105 enters into the underpressure distillation operation that low vacuum is carried out in solvent recovery tower 103 bottom, to reduce column bottom temperature, solvent recovery tower 103 bottom stream forms organic solvent, its water content is 0.6-0.65%, and overhead streams effluent forms the mixture of rich sulphur component and water; Wherein, the theoretical plate number of solvent recovery tower 103 is 20, and tower top temperature is about 70 DEG C, and column bottom temperature is about 165 DEG C, and absolute pressure of top of the tower is about 0.04Mpa, and the charge ratio of steam and extract is about 0.3:100.
Solvent recovery tower 103 overhead streams effluent is by entering rich sulphur oil tank 104 after condenser condenses, rich sulphur oil tank 104 is vacuumized, rich sulphur component is separated with water, isolated rich sulphur component forms the extraction oil containing sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons, enter selective hydrodesulfurization unit subsequently and carry out selective hydrodesulfurization, an isolated water part is back to solvent recovery tower 103 top and refluxes, wherein reflux ratio is about 0.8, and another part is then back to the washing for extract remainder in water wash column 102.
Water outlet at the bottom of water wash column 102 tower enters water stripper 105 tower top and carries out stripping, thus the micro-content organism in Separation of Water, water stripper 105 overhead streams effluent enters return tank 106 subsequently and is separated, and water stripper 105 bottom stream (i.e. solvent-laden water) enters subsequently at the bottom of solvent recovery tower 103 tower and carries out solvent recuperation.Be typically provided with reboiler bottom water stripper 105, its stripped vapor produced can be used as the steam source of solvent recovery tower 103.
Vacuumize return tank 106, organism is separated with water, isolated organism enters at the bottom of extraction distillation column 101 tower subsequently, enters water stripper 105 tower top and carry out stripping after the hydration that isolated water and water wash column 102 tower bottom flow go out also.
A part in the organic solvent that solvent recovery tower 103 tower bottom flow goes out is first as the thermal source of water stripper 105 bottom reboiler, then with the extract heat exchange at the bottom of extraction distillation column 101 tower, be back to extraction distillation column 101 tower top again, thus complete the circulation of organic solvent; Another part then enters in the middle part of solvent regeneration tower 107, the steam simultaneously produced at the bottom of water stripper 105 tower enters bottom solvent regeneration tower 107, reduced steam distillation is carried out to organic solvent, solvent vapo(u)r and water vapour from solvent regeneration tower 107 tower top flow out laggard enter at the bottom of solvent recovery tower 103 tower, irregular deslagging at the bottom of solvent regeneration tower 107 tower, to remove degrading solvent thing, the use properties of safeguards system circulating solvent.
2.4 selective hydrodesulfurization
After above-mentioned extraction oil and extraction oil being merged, under the effect of above-mentioned catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing, carry out selective hydrodesulfurization with hydrogen; Wherein, controlling temperature of reaction is 260 DEG C, and reaction pressure is 1.8MPa, volume space velocity 3.0h
-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio (i.e. hydrogen with by the volume ratio of extracting the mixing oil that oily and extraction oil is formed) is 500, obtains desulfurization last running.
2.5 mixing
By above-mentioned mercaptan removal lighting end, raffinate oil and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline, its yield is 96%, and composition is in table 1.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment improves on the basis of embodiment 1, the difference is that:
Carry out adsorption desulfurize to the raffinate oil of embodiment 1, obtain desulfurization raffinate oil and rich sulphur oil, by rich sulphur oil, oily and extraction oil carries out selective hydrodesulfurization after merging with the extraction of embodiment 1 subsequently, and obtain desulfurization last running, its technical process as shown in Figure 2.
Utilize desulfuration adsorbent to carry out above-mentioned adsorption desulfurize, desulfuration adsorbent is by obtaining as composite carrier load active metal components through the type ZSM 5 molecular sieve of alkaline purification and gac respectively; Wherein, the mass ratio of molecular sieve and gac is 1:1, and active metal is that K and Ni, the K charge capacity on complex carrier is about the charge capacity of 5%, Ni on complex carrier and is about 10%, and the mass ratio of K and the Ni of load on complex carrier is 0.5:1.
After testing, the Sulfur capacity of above-mentioned desulfuration adsorbent is 0.514, and the life-span reaches 8-9h, and adsorption desulfurize efficiency reaches 100%; Wherein, the total sulfur (in gram) of Sulfur capacity for removing when the total sulfur content in gasoline stocks is down to below 10ppmw by 1g desulfuration adsorbent, namely, when Sulfur capacity is 0.514, representing the total sulfur removed when the total sulfur content in gasoline stocks is down to below 10ppmw by 1g desulfuration adsorbent is 0.514g.
Above-mentioned desulfuration adsorbent is loaded in fixed-bed reactor, under temperature is 30 DEG C and condition of normal pressure, with the flow velocity of 0.5mL/min, adsorption desulfurize is carried out to raffinate oil, obtain desulfurization raffinate oil; After adsorption desulfurize, adopt the desulfuration adsorbent 3h after the steam purging adsorption desulfurize of 150 DEG C to wash, collect rich sulphur oil, this rich sulphur oil is incorporated in the extraction oil of embodiment 1 and extraction oil and carries out selective hydrodesulfurization, obtain desulfurization last running.
By mercaptan removal lighting end, desulfurization raffinate oil and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline, its yield is 95%, and composition is in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Except in extractive distillation, extraction distillation column theoretical plate number is 25, extractive distillation column overhead temperatures is about 80 DEG C, column bottom temperature is about 150 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is about 0.2MPa, the charge ratio of organic solvent and last running is about 0.8, and now in extraction distillation column, the resolution of alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons reaches about 80%;
In adsorption desulfurize, the life-span of desulfuration adsorbent is 3.5h, and adsorption desulfurize efficiency reaches outside about 85%, and all the other are all identical with embodiment 2, obtain sweet gasoline, and its yield is 94%, and composition is in table 1.
Embodiment 4
1, catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing is prepared
Catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing is prepared according to embodiment 1 method, unlike, the charge capacity of control Co on carrier is about the charge capacity of 4%, Mo on carrier and is about 10%, and the mass ratio of Co and the Mo of supported on carriers is 0.4:1.
2, gasoline desulfur
With the catalytic gasoline in Jinan for raw material (its composition is in table 2), the technical process of desulfurization is carried out as shown in Figure 3 to this gasoline stocks.
2.1 mercaptan removal process
Adopt mercaptan conversion method (alkali-free sweetening technique) to carry out mercaptan removal process to above-mentioned gasoline stocks, the working pressure wherein controlling reactor is about 0.5MPa, and temperature of reaction is about 40 DEG C, and Feed space velocities is 1.0h
-1, the volume ratio of air flow quantity and inlet amount is about 0.5, collects mercaptan removal gasoline.
2.2 gasoline cuttings
Above-mentioned mercaptan removal gasoline is cut into lighting end and last running, and wherein gently, the cutting temperature of last running is 40 DEG C, that is: lighting end is the cut of < 40 DEG C, and double distilled is divided into the cut of > 40 DEG C.
2.3 extractive distillations be separated
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, extractive distillation is carried out to last running, obtain the raffinate oil containing alkene and contain the extract of sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons; Organic solvent in extract is separated, is extracted oil; Wherein, unlike:
In extractive distillation, organic solvent is the double solvents mixed by tetramethylene sulfone and Tetraglycol 99, and the volume ratio of double solvents sulfolan and Tetraglycol 99 is 8.5:1.5; Extraction distillation column theoretical plate number is 35, and extractive distillation column overhead temperatures is about 100 DEG C, column bottom temperature is about 180 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is about 0.4MPa, the charge ratio of organic solvent and last running is about 3.0, reflux ratio is about 3.0, and now in extraction distillation column, the resolution of alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons reaches about 90%; When washing extract remainder, the consumption controlling water is about 4%.
In separation, the theoretical plate number of solvent recovery tower is 25, and tower top temperature is about 60 DEG C, and column bottom temperature is about 160 DEG C, and absolute pressure of top of the tower is about 0.03MPa, and the charge ratio of steam and extract is about 0.4:100, and reflux ratio is about 1.5; Organic solvent water content at the bottom of solvent recovery tower tower is 0.8-0.9%.
2.4 selective hydrodesulfurization
Above-mentioned extraction oil and hydrogen are carried out selective hydrodesulfurization under the effect of above-mentioned catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing; Wherein, temperature of reaction 300 DEG C, reaction pressure 2.5MPa, volume space velocity 2.0h is controlled
-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 400, obtains desulfurization last running.
2.5 mixing
By above-mentioned lighting end, raffinate oil and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline, its yield is 97%, and composition is in table 2.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment improves on the basis of embodiment 4, the difference is that:
Carry out adsorption desulfurize to the raffinate oil of embodiment 4, obtain desulfurization raffinate oil and rich sulphur oil, carry out selective hydrodesulfurization after being merged with the extraction oil of embodiment 4 by rich sulphur oil subsequently, obtain desulfurization last running, its technical process as shown in Figure 4.
Desulfuration adsorbent is utilized to carry out above-mentioned adsorption desulfurize, desulfuration adsorbent is by obtaining as composite carrier load active metal components through the Y zeolite of alkaline purification and gac respectively, wherein, active metal is Zn and Fe, the charge capacity of Zn on complex carrier is about 10%, the charge capacity of Fe on complex carrier is about 10%, and the mass ratio of Zn and the Fe of load on complex carrier is 1:1.The Sulfur capacity of this desulfuration adsorbent is 0.481, and the life-span reaches 7-8h, and adsorption desulfurize efficiency reaches 100%.
Above-mentioned desulfuration adsorbent is loaded in fixed-bed reactor, under temperature is 30 DEG C and condition of normal pressure, with the flow velocity of 0.3mL/min, adsorption desulfurize is carried out to raffinate oil, obtain desulfurization raffinate oil; After adsorption desulfurize, adopt the desulfuration adsorbent 1h after the steam purging adsorption desulfurize of 180 DEG C to wash, collect rich sulphur oil, this rich sulphur oil is incorporated in the extraction oil of embodiment 4 and carries out selective hydrodesulfurization.
By lighting end, desulfurization raffinate oil and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline, its yield is 95%, and composition is in table 2.
Reference examples 1
Except the extractive distillation not carrying out embodiment 1 be separated, and directly will carry out selective hydrodesulfurization after the extraction of embodiment 1 oil and last running merging, obtain desulfurization last running; By mercaptan removal lighting end and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline (composition is in table 1), its yield is 94%, and sweet gasoline sulphur content is 9.5ppm, and loss of octane number reaches 3 units.
Vapour oil composition before and after table 1 desulfurization
Reference examples 2
Except the extractive distillation not carrying out embodiment 4 be separated, and directly selective hydrodesulfurization is carried out to the last running of embodiment 4, obtains desulfurization last running; By lighting end and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline (composition is in table 2), its yield is 92%, and sweet gasoline sulphur content is 9.8ppm, and loss of octane number reaches 3 units.
Vapour oil composition before and after table 2 desulfurization
Reference examples 3
Except gasoline cutting and the mercaptan removal process of not carrying out embodiment 1, and directly adopt embodiment 1 method that the gasoline stocks of embodiment 1 is carried out to extractive distillation and is separated, be extracted oil and raffinate oil, adopt embodiment 1 method to carry out selective hydrodesulfurization to extraction oil subsequently, obtain sweet gasoline; Mixed with sweet gasoline by raffinate oil, obtain sweet gasoline, its yield is 94%, and sweet gasoline sulphur content is 8.9ppm, and loss of octane number reaches 1.5 units.
From the above results:
When 1, adopting various embodiments of the present invention method to carry out desulfurization to gasoline stocks, in sweet gasoline, sulphur content reaches below 10ppm, octane value reduces < 1 unit, product yield > 95% (except embodiment 3); And reference examples 1 is not carried out extractive distillation of the present invention and is separated with reference examples 2 method, and directly carry out selective hydrodesulfurization to last running, now loss of octane number reaches 3 units; Reference examples 3 method is not carried out gasoline cutting and directly the full cut of gasoline stocks is carried out to extractive distillation and is separated, and loss of octane number reaches 1.5 units.
2, the extractive distillation of various embodiments of the present invention can make alkene in last running and aromatic hydrocarbons high separation, and resolution can reach more than 80%, and even more than 90%; Further, alkene also helps the competitive adsorption caused by avoiding in subsequent adsorbtion sweetening process with being separated of aromatic hydrocarbons, and adsorption desulfurize efficiency can up to 100%, and the work-ing life of sorbent material extends greatly.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a combined method for gasoline desulfur, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Gasoline stocks is cut into lighting end and last running;
Adopt organic solvent to carry out extractive distillation to described last running, obtain the raffinate oil containing alkene and contain the extract of sulfide and aromatic hydrocarbons;
Organic solvent in described extract is separated, is extracted oil;
Selective hydrodesulfurization is carried out to described extraction oil, obtains desulfurization last running;
By described lighting end, raffinate oil and desulfurization last running mixing, obtain sweet gasoline;
Wherein, the cutting temperature of described lighting end and last running is 35-60 DEG C.
2. combined method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is cut into lighting end and last running again after first carrying out mercaptan removal process to described gasoline stocks; Or, mix with described raffinate oil and desulfurization last running again after mercaptan removal process is carried out to described lighting end.
3. combined method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described organic solvent be selected from glycol ether, triglycol, Tetraglycol 99, methyl-sulphoxide, tetramethylene sulfone, N-N-formyl morpholine N-, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, polyoxyethylene glycol and propylene carbonate one or more.
4. the combined method according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described extractive distillation comprises: described last running is entered from extraction distillation column middle and lower part, and organic solvent enters from extraction distillation column top; Wherein, the theoretical plate number of described extraction distillation column is 25-45, and tower top temperature is 70-110 DEG C, and column bottom temperature is 150-190 DEG C, and absolute pressure of top of the tower is 0.1-0.5MPa, and the charge ratio of organic solvent and last running is 1.0-5.0, and reflux ratio is 0.1-4.0.
5. the combined method according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that, described separation comprises: described extract is entered from solvent recovery tower middle and upper part, and steam enters from solvent recovery tower bottom; Wherein, the theoretical plate number of described solvent recovery tower is 10-30, and tower top temperature is 50-100 DEG C, column bottom temperature is 150-200 DEG C, absolute pressure of top of the tower is 0.03-0.07MPa, and the charge ratio of steam and extract is (0.1-0.5): 100, and reflux ratio is 0.2-4.0.
6. combined method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described extraction oil and hydrogen are carried out described selective hydrodesulfurization under the effect of catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing; Wherein, the temperature controlling described selective hydrodesulfurization is 200-300 DEG C, and pressure is 1.5-2.5MPa, and volume space velocity is 1-5h
-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 400-600.
7. combined method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described catalyst for selectively hydrodesulfurizing is obtained by carrier loaded active metal components; Wherein, described carrier is molecular sieve or metal oxide, and described active metal comprises Co and Mo, and Co and Mo total loading amount is on the carrier 5-20%.
8., according to the arbitrary described combined method of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, mix with described lighting end and desulfurization last running again after first adsorption desulfurize being carried out to described raffinate oil.
9. combined method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, utilizes desulfuration adsorbent to carry out described adsorption desulfurize, and described desulfuration adsorbent is by obtaining as composite carrier load active metal components through the molecular sieve of alkaline purification and gac respectively; Wherein, described active metal is selected from one or more elements in periodictable IA, VIII, IB, IIB and group vib, and the charge capacity of described active metal on complex carrier is 2-30%.
10. combined method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described adsorption desulfurize utilizes fixed bed atmospheric pressure to carry out, and the temperature controlling adsorption desulfurize is 20-100 DEG C, and the flow velocity of raffinate oil is 0.3-1mL/min.
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| CN201186917Y (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-01-28 | 丁冉峰 | System for preparing high-quality petrol |
| CN101376842A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reducing sulfur content in gasoline |
| CN101899326A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-12-01 | 大连理工大学 | Shale oil catalytic upgrading method |
| CN102337153A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-02-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Hydrotreatment method of gasoline distillate oil |
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| CN101376842A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reducing sulfur content in gasoline |
| CN201186917Y (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-01-28 | 丁冉峰 | System for preparing high-quality petrol |
| CN101899326A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-12-01 | 大连理工大学 | Shale oil catalytic upgrading method |
| CN102337153A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-02-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Hydrotreatment method of gasoline distillate oil |
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