CN105254686B - A kind of preparation method of APG - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of APG Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105254686B
CN105254686B CN201510868872.4A CN201510868872A CN105254686B CN 105254686 B CN105254686 B CN 105254686B CN 201510868872 A CN201510868872 A CN 201510868872A CN 105254686 B CN105254686 B CN 105254686B
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apg
reaction
alcohol
hydrogen peroxide
glucose
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CN105254686A (en
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孙玉
周岚
郑帼
刘燕军
张朝
周存
徐进云
李佳音
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of APG, including with glucose, C8‑C20Fatty alcohol is raw material, and in the presence of binary catalyst, APG is made by reaction of guanosine, except alcohol, decolouring blanching step.This method is carrying agent except alcohol process adds so that the temperature of reaction is relatively low, reduces the thermal decomposition of glucose.Decoloring assistant is added in bleaching process, so as to reduce the usage amount of hydrogen peroxide, and remaining hydrogen peroxide is removed using reducing agent, reduces APG caused peculiar smell in placement process.This method technique is simple, and cost is low, can obtain the APG of colorless and odorless function admirable.

Description

A kind of preparation method of APG
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic synthesis field, specially a kind of preparation method of APG.
Background technology
APG (APG for short), it is in acidic catalyst by fatty alcohol and starch or the product glucose of its hydrolysis Under effect, product obtained from a molecular water is sloughed.APG has that surface-active is high, non-stimulated, nontoxic, easily biological-degradable Etc. feature, green surfactant is acknowledged as.One-step synthesis process be acidic catalyst catalysis under using glucose with High-carbon fatty alcohol is directly reacted, and sloughs molecular water generation APG, also referred to as direct glycosidation method.But due to glucose with The polarity spectrum of long-chain fatty alcohol is larger, and reaction speed is slower.Therefore excessive higher alcohols are added in process of production not only may be used Reaction is smoothed out, the generation of oligosaccharide can also be reduced.But the alcohol that reaction terminates rear excess is stayed in the product without quilt Remove, smell, concentration and the application effect of product can be influenceed.APG dealcoholysis at present mainly has two methods:Extraction and distillation Method, mainly the way of distillation is used in industrial production, because grape carbohydrates and their derivative is all heat-sensitive materials, the unstable meeting in high temperature Decompose and product colour can be deepened, so must the dealcoholysis by the way of being evaporated under reduced pressure.But can be made by adopting this method by one Firmly absorption is divided to be difficult to remove in the higher alcohols of polyglycoside surfactant, so that product has peculiar smell it can not be applied to food and commodity In industry.Another problem is exactly that coloured product is deeper, to expect the APG of water white transparency in addition to process control, drift It is also a big difficult point in vain.Improve reaction speed in process control, it is the test to catalyst choice in fact to reduce the reaction time, mesh Preceding patent is single DBSA, sulfo-succinic acid etc. mostly, and binary catalyst is from less.And routine is decolourized When sometimes partly for decompose hydrogen peroxide can remain in APG, the smell of hydrogen peroxide is very big, causes APG putting Peculiar smell is produced during putting, therefore its bleaching process is also crucial.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem that the present invention intends to solve is to provide a kind of preparation side of APG Method.This method is carrying agent except alcohol process adds so that the temperature of reaction is relatively low, reduces the thermal decomposition of glucose.Bleached Decoloring assistant is added in journey, so as to reduce the usage amount of hydrogen peroxide, and remaining hydrogen peroxide is removed using reducing agent, reduced APG caused peculiar smell in placement process.This method technique is simple, and cost is low, can obtain colorless and odorless function admirable APG.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the technical problem is to provide a kind of preparation method of APG, including with Glucose, C8-C20Fatty alcohol is raw material, in the presence of binary catalyst, by reaction of guanosine, except alcohol, decolouring blanching step APG is made;This method specifically includes following steps:
(1) reaction of guanosine:By C8-C20Fatty alcohol and glucose 4-8 in molar ratio:1 feeds intake, and addition p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid/ The mass ratio of the binary catalyst of ortho phosphorous acid, binary catalyst and glucose sugar is 0.005~0.015:1, reaction pressure 5- 6KPa, reaction temperature are 100 DEG C -140 DEG C, reaction time 2-2.5h;60 DEG C -70 DEG C are then cooled to, regulation reaction system pH Value obtains the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture of yellow to 8-10;The matter of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid in the binary catalyst It is 2-4 to measure ratio:1;
(2) alcohol is removed:The glycosides alcohol mixture that step 1 obtains is warming up to 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, adds and carries agent, mol ratio is Carry agent:Glucose=0.4-0.6:1, react under 4-5KPa pressure, until noresidue alcohol steams again, obtain flaxen APG;
(3) decolourize to bleach:The APG that step 2 is obtained is dissolved into the aqueous solution, adds and decolourizes under 70-80 DEG C of normal pressure Auxiliary agent and hydrogen peroxide, react 30min-70min;Then reducing agent is added, stirring removes remaining hydrogen peroxide, obtains water white transparency The APG aqueous solution;
The quality of the decoloring assistant and hydrogen peroxide is the 0.6-1% for the APG quality that step 2 obtains;The reduction The quality of agent is the 0.08-0.1% for the APG quality that step 2 obtains;The carrying agent is ethylene glycol or glycerine;It is described Decoloring assistant is magnesia or tetraacetyl ethylene diamine;The reducing agent is NaBH4Or NaHSO3
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:The present invention uses binary catalyst, and reaction speed is fast, mistake Cheng Pingwen, high conversion rate.Using carry agent so that except the reaction temperature of alcohol process is relatively low, residual alcohol content is low after dealcoholysis, product without Taste.Optimizing APG solid content makes bleaching process reach optimal, using decoloring assistant, hydrogen peroxide usage amount is greatly reduced, And remaining hydrogen peroxide is removed using reducing agent, well hydrogen peroxide will not produce peculiar smell to bleaching effect simultaneously.
Embodiment
Below will be by embodiment come the invention will be further described.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of APG, including with glucose, C8-C20Fatty alcohol is raw material, In the presence of binary catalyst, APG is made by reaction of guanosine, except alcohol, decolouring blanching step;This method specifically includes Following steps:
(1) reaction of guanosine:By C8-C20Fatty alcohol and glucose 4-8 in molar ratio:1 feeds intake, and addition p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid/ The mass ratio of the binary catalyst of ortho phosphorous acid, binary catalyst and glucose sugar is 0.005~0.015:1, reaction pressure 5- 6KPa, reaction temperature are 100 DEG C -140 DEG C, reaction time 2-2.5h;60 DEG C -70 DEG C are then cooled to, regulation reaction system pH Value obtains the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture of yellow to 8-10;The matter of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid in the binary catalyst It is 2-4 to measure ratio:1;
(2) alcohol is removed:The glycosides alcohol mixture that step 1 obtains is warming up to 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, adds and carries agent, mol ratio is Carry agent:Glucose=0.4-0.6:1, react under 4-5KPa pressure, until noresidue alcohol steams again, obtain flaxen APG;
(3) decolourize to bleach:The APG that step 2 is obtained is dissolved into the aqueous solution, adds and decolourizes under 70-80 DEG C of normal pressure Auxiliary agent and hydrogen peroxide, react 30min-70min;Then reducing agent is added, stirring removes remaining hydrogen peroxide, obtains water white transparency The APG aqueous solution.
The 0.6-1% for the APG quality that the quality of the decoloring assistant and hydrogen peroxide obtains for step 2, decoloring assistant Can be any mass ratio with hydrogen peroxide, preferably 1:1;The quality of the reducing agent is the APG quality that step 2 obtains 0.08-0.1%;
The carrying agent is ethylene glycol or glycerine;The decoloring assistant is magnesia (MgO) or tetraacetyl ethylene diamine (TAED);The reducing agent is NaBH4Or NaHSO3
The mass fraction of the APG aqueous solution in the step 3 is 45-55%.
Embodiment 1
N-octyl alcohol 1290kg is added in synthesis reactor, opens stirring, adds glucose 310kg, binary catalyst 4kg, two First catalyst is p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid by weight 4:1 is made;It is 4.8KPa to control reaction pressure, by reaction temperature 120 DEG C are risen to, reaction 2h is kept, opens condensed water, be cooled to 70 DEG C, add potassium hydroxide 480g, stir 15 minutes, be neutralized to pH For 8.5, the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture 1529kg of yellow is obtained;Temperature is risen to 120 DEG C again, adds glycerine 80kg, Under 4KPa pressure, excessive n-octyl alcohol is distilled, obtains flaxen APG;It is redissolved into the alkyl that mass fraction is 45% The glucosides aqueous solution, 80 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, add tetraacetyl ethylene diamine 5kg and add hydrogen peroxide 5kg, stir 30min, add 1.6kgNaBH4, 10min is stirred, residual hydrogen peroxide is removed, obtains the APG aqueous solution of water white transparency.
Embodiment 2
N-octyl alcohol 1250kg is added in synthesis reactor, opens stirring, adds glucose 350kg, binary catalyst 3.5kg, Binary catalyst is p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid by weight 2:1 is made;It is 6KPa to control reaction pressure, by reaction temperature 125 DEG C are risen to, reaction 2.5h is kept, opens condensed water, be cooled to 65 DEG C, add potassium hydroxide 500g, stir 15 minutes, be neutralized to PH is 9, obtains the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture 1520kg of yellow;Temperature is risen to 100 DEG C again, adds glycerine 90kg, Under 5KPa pressure, excessive n-octyl alcohol is distilled, obtains flaxen APG;It is redissolved into the alkyl that mass fraction is 48% The glucosides aqueous solution, 70 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, add MgO5.5kg and add hydrogen peroxide 5.5kg, stir 50min, add 1.7kgNaBH4, 10min is stirred, residual hydrogen peroxide is removed, obtains the APG aqueous solution of water white transparency.
Embodiment 3
N-octyl alcohol 1200kg is added in synthesis reactor, opens stirring, adds glucose 400kg, binary catalyst 3kg, two First catalyst is p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid by weight 3:1 is made;It is 5.4KPa to control reaction pressure, by reaction temperature 120 DEG C are risen to, reaction 2h is kept, opens condensed water, be cooled to 70 DEG C, add potassium hydroxide 550g, stir 15 minutes, be neutralized to pH For 9.5, the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture 1520kg of yellow is obtained;Temperature is risen to 110 DEG C again, adds ethylene glycol 80kg, Under 4.5KPa pressure, excessive n-octyl alcohol is distilled, obtains flaxen APG;It is redissolved into the alkane that mass fraction is 50% The base glucosides aqueous solution, 75 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, add 6kg MgO and add hydrogen peroxide 6kg, stir 60min, add 1.6kgNaHSO3, 10min is stirred, residual hydrogen peroxide is removed, obtains the APG aqueous solution of water white transparency.
Embodiment 4
N-octyl alcohol 1130kg is added in synthesis reactor, opens stirring, adds glucose 470kg, binary catalyst 4000g, Binary catalyst is p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid by weight 4:1 is made;It is 5.5KPa to control reaction pressure, by reaction temperature Degree rises to 120 DEG C, keeps reaction 2.3h, opens condensed water, be cooled to 65 DEG C, add potassium hydroxide 600g, stir 15 minutes, neutralizes It is 9 to PH, obtains the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture 1500kg of yellow;Temperature is risen to 100 DEG C again, adds ethylene glycol 100kg, Under 4KPa pressure, excessive n-octyl alcohol is distilled, obtains flaxen APG;It is redissolved into the alkane that mass fraction is 55% The base glucosides aqueous solution, 80 DEG C are maintained the temperature at, add tetraacetyl ethylene diamine 5.8kg and add hydrogen peroxide 5.8kg, stir 70min, Add 1.5kgNaHSO3, 10min is stirred, residual hydrogen peroxide is removed, obtains the APG aqueous solution of water white transparency.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of preparation method of APG, including with glucose, C8-C20Fatty alcohol is raw material, in the work of binary catalyst Under, APG is made by reaction of guanosine, except alcohol, decolouring blanching step;This method specifically includes following steps:
(1)Reaction of guanosine:By C8-C20Fatty alcohol and glucose 4-8 in molar ratio:1 feeds intake, and adds p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid/time Asia The mass ratio of the binary catalyst of phosphoric acid, binary catalyst and glucose sugar is 0.005 ~ 0.015:1, reaction pressure 5-6KPa, Reaction temperature is 100 DEG C -140 DEG C, reaction time 2-2.5h;60 DEG C -70 DEG C are then cooled to, regulation pH value of reaction system to 8- 10, obtain the slightly cloudy glycosides alcohol mixture of yellow;The mass ratio of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid and ortho phosphorous acid is in the binary catalyst 2-4:1;
(2)Except alcohol:The glycosides alcohol mixture that step 1 obtains is warming up to 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, adds and carries agent, mol ratio is carrying Agent:Glucose=0.4-0.6:1, reacted under 4-5KPa pressure, until noresidue alcohol steams again, obtain flaxen alkyl Glucosides;
(3)Decolourize to bleach:The APG that step 2 is obtained is dissolved into the aqueous solution, and decoloring assistant is added under 70-80 DEG C of normal pressure And hydrogen peroxide, react 30min-70min;Then reducing agent is added, stirring removes remaining hydrogen peroxide, obtains the alkane of water white transparency The base glucosides aqueous solution;
The quality of the decoloring assistant and hydrogen peroxide is the 0.6-1% for the APG quality that step 2 obtains;The reducing agent Quality is the 0.08-0.1% for the APG quality that step 2 obtains;The carrying agent is ethylene glycol or glycerine;The decolouring Auxiliary agent is magnesia or tetraacetyl ethylene diamine;The reducing agent is NaBH4Or NaHSO3
2. the preparation method of APG according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the APG water in the step 3 The mass fraction of solution is 45-55%.
3. the preparation method of APG according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the decoloring assistant and hydrogen peroxide Mass ratio is 1:1.
CN201510868872.4A 2015-12-01 2015-12-01 A kind of preparation method of APG Expired - Fee Related CN105254686B (en)

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CN107188913B (en) * 2017-06-12 2019-09-20 江苏万淇生物科技股份有限公司 A kind of sorbitan fatty acid ester glucosides and the preparation method and application thereof
FR3080384B1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2020-10-09 Arkema France USE OF HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID FOR THE ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS
CN111690021B (en) * 2020-06-24 2023-03-14 江苏万淇生物科技股份有限公司 Method for removing fatty alcohol in alkyl glycoside
CN111763569B (en) * 2020-07-10 2023-08-25 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 Fragrance-changeable essence and spice and synthesis method thereof
CN112979720B (en) * 2021-03-06 2022-10-04 浙江正泰工程设计有限公司 Preparation method of alkyl glycoside
CN114685570B (en) * 2022-03-28 2024-04-02 浙江皇马科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of green surfactant alkyl glycoside
CN114853830A (en) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-05 苏州聚棕生物科技有限公司 Safe and environment-friendly alkyl glycoside preparation method

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